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Tu* lieu tham khao Sd 8(74) ndm 2015 \/ PHAT TRIEN K I NANG KIEN 0INH CHO SINH VIEN TRUONG f)AI HOC CAN THO T R A N LLfONG'''' TOM T A T Bdi viil phdn lich thuc Irgng kt ndng kien dinh (KNKD) ciia sinh v[.]
Sd 8(74) ndm 2015 Tu* lieu tham khao \/ PHAT TRIEN K I NANG KIEN 0INH CHO SINH VIEN TRUONG f)AI HOC CAN THO T R A N LLfONG' TOM T A T Bdi viil phdn lich thuc Irgng kt ndng kien dinh (KNKD) ciia sinh viin (SV) Tru&ng Dai hgc Can Tha (DHCT) vd nguyen nhdn cua ihuc Irang Tren ca s& di xual mpf so bien phdp phdt Irien KNKD cho SV Tru&ng DHCT Tir khda: kT ndng kien djnh, sinh vien Trudng Dai hpc Can Tho ABTRACT Developing consistency for students of Can Tho University The article analyzes the reality of Ihe consistency of students of Can Tho University and its causes Based on the results, a solution to developing consistency for students of Can Tho University is proposed Keywords: consistency, students of Can Tho University Dat van de Xa hdi hien dai vdi nhimg thay ddi nhanh ve kinh te - van bda - xa hdi va ldi sdng thi KNKD ddng vai trd rdt quan trpng ttong cupc sdng cua ngudi ndi chung va ciia SV ndi rieng KNKD giiip SV bao ve chinh kien quan diem, thai dp vd nhung quyet djnh ciia ban than nhung kbdng lam tdn bai den quyen vd Igi icb cua ngudi khdc; giup SV vugt qua nhtmg khd khan, thir thach cudc sdng, nd lyc cd gdng thyc hien nhung rauc lieu da de Nhu va\' cd the ndi rang KNKD la mdt nhirng kT nang giup SV dat dugc thdnh cdng va hanh phiic cudc sdng Thyc trang cho thdy, KNKD ciia SV Trudng DHCT chua cao Vi thilu KNKD nen nhieu SV Idm theo dieu ngudi khdc mudn vi sg, vi bj ep bupc, vi vj ne va vi sy cam dd hoac thieu ty tin vao chinh bdn thdn rainh Nhieu SV cd lara nhiing dieu rainh raudn rad bdt chdp " ThS, Tryffng Dai hgc Can The, Emaii: hdu qua Vdi each lam nbu tren hp cd the gap rat nhieu nguy ca rui ro va cam bay khd thuc hien dugc nhung muc tieu, udc mudn ciia minh cam thdy khdn^ thoai raai thyc bien cdng \ iec va ed the gdy nhiing nguy hai cho ban than va cho xa hdi Mdt nhimg nguyen nhdn lam cho KND cua SV chua cao Id chua co bien phdp phat irien KNKD cho SV mdt each phil hgp Vi vay, nghien cim bien pbap pbdt trien KNKD cho SV Trudng DHCT de pbdt trien kT nang cbo SV Id het sire cdn tbiet Phuo'ng phap nghien cuu Cdc phuang phap nghien ciiu li luan: phuang phap phdn tich, phuang phdp long hgp, phuang phap so sanh, phuang pbap khai quat hda dugc sir dyng de nghien ciiu xay dung ca sd li luan, nghien ciiu thyc trang va dl bien phdp phat triln KNKD eho SV Trudng DHCT Ddng tbdi cdc phuong phdp ndy cdn tluong@ctu.edu.vn TAP CHi KHOA HOC OHSP TPHCM dugc sir dung de nghien ciru thuc nghiem bien phdp phat triln KNKD cbo SV Trudng DHCT Cac phuong phdp nghien ciru thyc tien: Phuong phdp dieu tra bang bdng hoi Thiet ke bdng hdi de khdo sat thyc trang KNKD cua SV Trudng DHCT, thyc trang bien pbap phdt trien KNKD cho SV Trudng DHCT D I tdi tiln hanh khao sat 1109 SV Trudng DHCT Phdn bd ddi tugng khao sdt nhu sau: Ve khoa khao sat, bao gdm: Su pham: 100 SV(9%); Khoa hgc ty nhien: 115 SV(10,4%); Khoa hpc xd hdi va nhdn vdn: 96 SV(8,7%); Khoa hpc Chinb trj: 37 SV(3,3%); Ndng nghiep va Sinh hpc img dung:lll SV(10 %); Thuy san: 64 SV (5,8%); Cdng nghe:l 12 SV (10,1%); Cdng nghe thdng tin vd tmyen tbdng: 140 SV(12,6%); Mdi tmdng vd tdi nguyen thien nhien: 61 SV (5,5%); Ludt 89 SV (8%); Kinh te va quan ttj kinh doanh: 142 SV (12,8%); Cac khoa khdc: 42 SV (3,8%) v l gidi tinh cd 549 (49,5%) SV nam va 560 (50,5%) SV nir v l nam hgc, cd 400 (36,1%) SV nam thir nhdt; 326 (29,4%.) SV nam thir hai, 247 (22,3%) SV nam thir ba; 136 (l2.3%)SVnamthu'tu Phuang phap cdn dugc sir dung de khao sat thye trang KNKD ciia SV trudc va sau thuc nghiem Phuang phdp thuc nghiem suphgm Td ehlic thuc nghiem Bien phdp phdt trien KNKD cho SV thdng qua viec day hgc chuyen de "KT ndng kien dinh" dl khdng djnh linh kbd thi vd tinh hieu qua 161 SV Khoa Su pham ldp: SP 088001 (52 SV), SP088002 (59SV), Trdn Lteang XH 095001 (52SV) dugc chgn dl tiln hanh thye nghiem Cdc phuang phdp thdng ke Sii dung pban mira SPSS for Windows de xir li sd lieu nghien ciru thyc ttang va thyc nghiera Ket qua nghien cihi 3.1 Khdi niem kien dinh Theo Hoang Phe "A^/ew dinh Id giii vimg y djnh, y chi, khdng de bi lung lay radc ddu gap kbd khan, trd ngai" [4] Theo Nguyen Tbanh Binh, ""Kien dinh la khd nang ngudi nhdn bilt dugc nhirng gi minh mudn hay khdng raudn, lai minh mudn hay khdng mudn va kha ndng tien hdnh cdc budc can thiel de dat dugc nhung gi minb raudn/muc tieu nhimg hoan cdnh cu the va ludn dung hda dugc giCra quyen va nhu cdu cua minb vdi quyen va nhu cdu ciia ngudi khdc" [2] Tu cac khai niem KD neu tren, cd the thay: "KD la khd ndng ngudi nhdn biet dugc nhCmg gi minh mudn hay khdng mudn tai rainh raudn hay khdng mudn vd khd ndng giir viing y djnh, y cbi lap tmdng bdn ITnh tmdc mgi cam dd site ep de dat dugc nhiing gi minh mudn/muc lieu ttong nhung hoan canh cu the ragt each linh hoat, mem deo, dung hda giiia quyen va nhu cau ciia minh vdi quyen va nhu cau ciia ngudi khdc" Cau triic KNKD bao gdm nhiing nhdm kT nang nhal djnh: KT ndng nhan thlic dugc van de can giai quyet va xac dinh dugc muc tieu can dat gidi quyet van de; kT nang phdn tich, phe phan: Phdn tieh cdi dimg, cai sai cdi hgp li, cdi khdng hgp li , tren ca sd phe phdn cai sai, cai khdng hgp li ; kT nang xdc 179 Ty lieu tham khao Sd 8(74) ndm 2015 djnh y raudn cua ban thdn; thyc hien hanh ddng can Iam hodc dieu cdn ndi 3.2 Thuc trgng ve ki ndng kien dinh cua sinh vien Tru&ng DHCT 3.2.1 Nhdn thiec ciia SV ve khdi niim KD De tira hieu nhan thiic ciia sv ve khai niem kd, chung tdi da dua i^a khdi niem chua dime \ l KNKD "KB Id kien quyit thuc hien nhung gi minh mudn hogc tir chdi nhirng gi minh khdng mudn " va yeu cdu SV lua chgn miic dp phil bgp vdi y kiln ciia ban than Ket qud thu dugc the hien d bang Idudi day: Bdng I Nhdn ihirc ciia SV ve khdi niem KD Tong Cong SV NSm 18 Nim Nam 12 Nam 46 % N 4.5 2.5 4,9 5.9 4.1 38 35 34 14 121 % N 9,5 73 10,7 13,8 10,3 10.9 65 49 22 209 % 18.3 19,9 19,8 16.2 18.8 N 178 134 99 468 % N 44.5 40,1 93 41,1 84 57 41,9 53 35 265 % N 23.3 25.8 21,5 25.7 23,9 400 100 326 100 247 136 1109 100 100 100 3,72 3,76 3,59 0,271 3,71 3,7 Mttc y nghia (sig.) ( A N O V A ) Mirc y nghla (sig.) (Gamma) 0,457 Cac mirc nhan thirc cua SV ve KNKD ! = hoan toan khong dSng 2= khong dong y ^= phan van 4=D6ng y 5= Hoan toan dong y Tong Oiem trung binh N % Bang cho thdy, cdc mure nhdn thirc ve khdi niem KD sd SV phdn vdn, ddng y vd hodn todn ddngy vdi khdi niem KD dugc dua chilm 85% cao hon sd SV hodn todn khdng ddng y, khdng ddng y vdi I5%o Khdi niem KD dugc dua Id khdi niem chua diing Tuy nhien, sd lupng SV xem dd Id khai niem diing chiira ti le rdt cao Tir dd cd thl khdng djnh phdn ldn SV (85%.) chua bilu diing vl khdi niem KNKD Chi cd 15% SV bieu diing khdi niem KNKD Hiiu sai khdi niem KD cd the Idra cho SV cd nhung hdnh ddng mang tinh cd chap 42,2 Kiera dinh (ANOVA) timg cap giira cac nam cho thdy vdi mure y nghTa (sig.= 0,271) cd the khang djnh khdng cd su khac biet cd y nghTa ve mat thdng ke giii'a diem tmng binh cdc raiic dp nhan thiic cua SV giiira cac nam hpc vl khai niem KD Kiem djnh Gamma cho thdy vdi mirc y nghTa (sig ^0,457) cd thl kit luan nam hpc khdng cd lien quan din viec nhan thirc cua SV vl khai niem KD Hiiu biet ve khdi niem KD ciia SV d cac nam hgc la luong duong 3.2.2 Nhdn thuc cua SV vi su cdn thiit ciia KNKB vd viic ren luyen KNKD TAP CHi KHOA HOC BHSP TPHCM Tran Ltrtrng Bang Nhdn thiic cita SVvi su cdn thiit ciia KNKB va viec ren luyen KNKB Tdng cong SV Mirc can thiet N 1= Khong can 2-Can % N % N 3=Rat can Nam 10 • % N Tong % Diem trung binh Nam Nam Nam 4 2,5 210 2,1 171 0,8 2,9 153 70 2,1 604 52,5 52,5 54,5 148 61,9 92 51,5 180 62 482 45 45,4 37,2 45,6 43,5 400 326 247 136 1109 100 IOO 100 100 100 2,42 2,43 2,36 2,42 2,41 IMuc y nghia (sig.) (ANOVA) 0,428 Mux y nghia (sig.) (Gamma) 0,370 23 Dai da sd (97,9%) SV cd nhdn thiic diing ddn vl sy rdt cdn thilt ciia KNKD vd viec ren luyin KNKD Tuy nhien van cdn mdt sd il (2,l%o) SV chua thay dugc su cdn thiet cua KNKD va viec ren luyen kT nang Kiem dinh (ANOVA) timg cap giira cac nam cho thdy: Vdi miic y nghTa (sig.=0,428) cd the khdng djnh khdng cd sy khdc biet cd y nghia ve mat thdng ke giiia diem trung binh miic nhdn thiic ve sy edn thiet ciia KNKD vd viec ren luyen kl nang cua SV gitra cac nam hgc Kiem djnh Gamraa cbo thdy: Vdi miic y nghTa (sig.=0,370), cd the ket luan nam hgc khdng cd lien quan den raiic nhdn thirc ve sy cdn thiel ciia KNKD va viec ren luyen kT nang ndy cua SV Miic dp nhdn thlic ve su can thilt ciia KNKD ciia SV d cac ndm hgc Id tucmg duong 3.2.3 Nhdn thuc ciia SVvi cdc buac KD Bdng Nhdn thuc cuaSV ve cdc bu&c KD SV Biet cac buicKB N 1= Ho^n toan khong biet 2= Khong biet 3= Khong biet ro 4= Bi^t r6 5= Biit r^t r6 T6ng Oiem trung binh Miic y nghia (sig.) (ANOVA) Mirc y nghTa (sig.) (Gamma) Nam Nam Nam 3 Nlm 4 Tong cOng 20 % N 40 1.5 38 1,2 29 2,9 22 1,8 129 % N 10 11,7 16,2 11,6 69 620 50,7 % N 216 188 11,7 147 54 57,7 59,5 127 91 65 36 55,9 319 % N 31,8 26,3 26,5 28,8 27,9 21 % N 2,3 400 1,2 326 1,2 247 3,7 136 1,9 1109 100 3,17 % 100 IOO 100 100 3,22 3,15 3,14 3.11 0,363 0,066 181 Sd 8(74) nam 2015 Tu' li#u tham khao BiSt duac cac buac KD la co so, ti6n dl cho viec hinh KNKD Nhimg Icet qua khao sat the hien bang cho thiy co 69,3% so SV chua biSt dugc cac buoc KD Chi co 30,7% s6 SV bilt dugc cac buoc Diem so trung binh nhan thuc ctia SV ve cac buac KD a miic 3,17 la duoi muc "biit ro" KiSm dinh (ANOVA) timg cap gida cac nam cho thSy: Vai miic y nghla (sig.=0,363) CO the khang dinh khong co su khac biet co y nghla v6 mat thSng ke giua diSm trung binh vS viec thuc hien theo dung cac butjc KD ciia SV giita cac nam hgc Kiem dinh Gamma cho thay: Vai miic y nghta (sig.=0,066) co the ket luan nam hgc khong lien quan den viec thirc hien theo dung cac buac KD ciia SV Viec thirc hien theo dung cac buoc KD ciia SV o cac nam hgc la tuong duong 3.2.4 Thifc trang vi viec SV thuc hien theo ditng cac buoc KB (xetn bang 4} Cac buoc hinh KNKD bao g6m: Bu&c /, nhan thirc dugc van de can giai quyet va xac dinh dugc muc tieu can dat dugc Ichi giai quyet van de Buac 2, phan tich, phe phan: Phdn tich cai diing, cai sai, cai hgp li, cai khong hgp li tren CO so phe phan cai sai, cai khong hgp li Bu&c 3, xac dinh y muon cua ban than Bu&c 4, kien quySt thuc hien hanh dgng can lam hoac dieu can noi Bang Thuc trang vi viec SV thuc hien diing cac buac KB Tong cong SV Thirc hien l=Kh6ng bao gio theo tiling cac birac 2=Hiem KS 3=Th inh thoang 4=Thu6ng xuyen 5=Rat thirong xuyen T6ng DiSm trung binh Mirc y nghTa (sig.) (ANOVA) Mirc y nghla (sig.) (Gamma) N % N % N % N % N % N % Nam 12 29 7,3 106 26,5 183 45,8 70 17,5 400 100 3,67 Nam 2,1 28 8,6 97 29,8 155 47,5 39 12 326 100 3,58 Naml 27 10,9 60 24,3 117 47,4 38 15,4 247 IOO 3,63 0,642 0,484 Nim 2,2 11 8,1 39 28,7 62 45,6 21 15,4 136 IOO 3,63 27 2,4 95 8,6 302 27,2 517 46,6 168 15,1 1109 100 3,63 TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM Trdn Lirang So SV thu&ng xuyen thyc hien theo cac budc KD Diem trung binh (3,63) d diing theo cac budc KD la 46,6%, chiem dudi miic thuang xuyen la tuang ddi thdp sd lugng Idn nhdt Diing thii hai la sd SV Kiem dinh (ANOVA) timg cap gitia cdc thinh thodng giai thyc hien theo diing ndm cho thdy: Vdi miic y nghia theo cdc budc KD chilm 27,2% Sd SV (sig.=0,642) cd the khdng dinh khdng cd rat thuang xuyen thyc hien diing theo cdc su khdc biet cd y nghia vl mat thdng ke budc KD Id 15,1%, xep thir ba Tiep tbeo gitia diem trung binh ve viec thyc hien sau la sd SV hiim thyc hien theo theo diing cac budc KD ciia SV giiia cac dung theo cdc budc KD chiem 8,6% ndm hgc Kiem dinh Gamma eho thdy: Dung cudi ciing Id 2,4% SV khdng bao Vdi miic y nghTa (sig = 0,484), ed the gi& tbuc bien theo dting theo cac budc ket ludn ndm hgc khdng cd Uen quan din KD Nhu vdy, cd 61,7% SV thuang viec thyc hien theo diing cac budc KD xuyen vd rdt thuang xuyen thyc hien theo cua SV Viec thuc hien theo diing cdc dung cac budc KD Van cdn 38,3% SV budc KD Clia SV d cdc ndm hgc Id tuang duang chua thuang xuyen thyc hien theo diing 2.5 Thuc trang vi cdc cdch the hien KNKD cua SV (xem bdng 5) Bdng Muc dg cdc cdch the hien KNKB cua SV TT Hanh dong Lam theo dieu ngiroi khac muon vi sg Lam theo dieu nguoi khac muon vi bj ep buoc Lam theo dieu nguai khac muon vi vi ne Lam theo di6u nguoi khac muon vi s(? minh lam sai Lam theo su cam cua nguai khac Lam theo dieu minh mu6n bat chdp hau qua Lam theo dieu minh khong muon, phdn tich la sai I=Rat thuang xuyen 2= Thirong xuyen Muc 3= Thinh thoang 4= Hiem 5= Khong bao gia N 102 294 458 205 50 % 9,2 26,5 41,3 18,5 4,5 N 124 271 371 259 84 % 24,4 33,5 23,4 7,6 N IU 93 8,4 76 256 23,1 235 471 42,5 472 244 22 271 45 4,1 55 % 6,9 2U 42,6 24,4 N N 142 12,8 124 168 15,1 240 235 % 2U 373 385 34,7 259 179 16,1 113 % IU 21,6 33,6 23,4 10,2 N % X 2,82 2,91 N 85 169 351 359 145 % 7,7 15,2 31,7 32,4 13,1 2,9 2,99 3,26 2,99 3,27 183 Sd 8('4} nam 2015 Tlf lieu tham khao Bang cho thdy vi thieu KNKD nen nhieu S\' Iam theo dilu ngudi khac mudn vi sg \ i hi ep bugc, vi vi ne va \\ sy cam dd hodc thieu ty tin vao chinh ban than minh Nhiiiu S\ CO c h ^ lam nhimg dieu minh mudn bdt chdp hau qua \'di cdch Iam nhu tren hg co the gap rdt nhieu nguy co nil ro va cam bay khd thuc hien dugc nhiing muc tieu udc mudn ciia minh cam thay khdng ihoai mai thyc hien cdng \ iec cd the gdy nhimg nguy hai cho ban than va cho xd hdi vi du nhu cd tinh pham phap J J Thtrc trang ve su quan tdm cua S\' ddi vat KNKD va viec ren luyen KNKD Bdng Thuc trgng re su quan tdm ctia SV ddi vdi KXKD vd vice ren luyen KNKD SV Mur 1IChone qnan tam qaan tam 2=Quan lam 3=Rat tam tiuan ; Tong 'Diem t r u a g binh N Naml 1" •o 4.:, % \ ° - 44.2 23- 208 152 59J 63.8 61.5 58.1 61 146 106 50 386 ! 36.5 32.5 84 54 36.8 34.8 400 326 24- 136 1109 100 IOO 100 IOO 2.3225 2aS83 2.2955 2jl62 IOO 2.3057 6-6 0.839 Da sd (95.8° b) SV cd thai quan tdm \a rat quan tam den KXKD vd viec ren luyen KNKD luy nhien van cdn mgt sd rat it (4.2°o) S\' co thai chua quan tdm ddi vdi KNKD vd viec ren lia'in KNKD Kiem dinh (ANO\'A) limg cap giiia cac nam cho ihav: \"di miic \ nshia (sig.=0.839) cd the khang dinh khdng cd su khdc biet cd y nghia \ e mat thong ke giii nam thu nhdt va nam thii ba., Kiem dinh Gamma cho thay vdi miic \ nghTa (sig.=0,673) cd the ket Iuan nam hgc khdng lien quan den mure quan tam Clia S\' den KNKD vd viec ren luyen KNKD Miic quan lam den KNKD viec ren Iu\en KNTCD giira cac nam hgc la nhu 184 Tdng Nam , Mirc > nghia (sig.) (ANO\ -\( Muc i nghla (sig.) (Gamma) i Naml 11 4.5 5.1 79 N •i N Nam i: 0.6-? 3.2 ~ Ngin'en nhdn Cd 81.5'^o SV cho ra«g chua cd bien phdp phat trien KNKD phii hgp va 69.7% S\ cho rang chinh hg chua ty minh ren Iu\ en kl nang Day chinh la nguyen nhan lam cho kT nang ciia S\' chua cao Tir ket qua khdo sat thyc Irang, chiing tdi dua mgt sd nhan xet chung nhu sau: Phdn Idn S\' chua hieu diing khdi niem KD, xem KNTCD va viec ren Iu>en KNKD la rdt can thiet quan lam din KNKD \ a viec ren lu\en KNTCD Cd 38.3**o SV chua thudng xuyen thyc hien theo dung quy trinh KNTCD N2u>en nhdn lam cho KNKD cua S\" chua cao la chua cd bien phap phdt triln KNKB TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM cho SV mdt cdch phii hgp vd chinh SV chua ty minh ren luyen KNKD Thyc trang tren cho thdy, viec de bien pbap phdt trien KNKD eho SV la Trdn Luffng dieu can thiet de nang cao kT nang 3.3 Phdt trtSn ki ndng gidi quyit vdn de cho SV thdng qua viec dgy hgc chuyen di "Ki ndng kien dinh" 3.3.1 Thiit ki chuyen di "KINANG KIEN DINH" I MUC TIEU Kien thirc SV hieu duac KNKD va sy can thilt ciia KNKD cac tlnh hulng cua cugc song Thai SV tu tin, m^inh dan quyet tam thyc hien den cung nhung dilu minh phan tich la diing, la co gia trj, la phii hgp KT nang s6ng SV CO KNKD qua trinh giai quyet cac vdn de hpc tap, cuoc sing dl sdng cong, an toan, lanh manh va hanh phuc II THONG DIEP Trong cupc song co rat nhieu van de, nhieu tinh huong chiia dung nhiJng rui ro, nguy ca ho|c cam do, chung ta can KD vdi nhirng suy nghT, nhimg gia tn, nhung quyet dinh ma chiing ta phan tich la dung dan va phii hgp de tu bao ve minh, hoac thuc hien nhuTig muc tieu cugc song ciia minh III TAI LIEU VA PHUGfNG TIEN - Giay A4va Ao, keo, bang dinh, but, may vi ti'nh, projecter VI TO CHUC HOAT DQNG Ho^t dong 2: Nh^n thih: v^ KNKD - Lam viec theo nhom: Chia Idp cac nhom, moi nhom tir 5-7 SV Cac nhom ciing thyc hi?n cac nhiem vy sau day: - Dgc truyen "'Cau chuyen v6 Son, Nam va Linh" [1] "Son, Nam vd Linh Id ba nguai hgn ciing lan len a mgt ldng que Cung nhtr bao ngirdi khdc liQ hgc diroc nhieu dieu m&i lg, Idm quen v&i nhieu ngudi vd co them nhtmg kinh nghiem mdi Mgi hdm Son den nhd Nam vd ndi rdng cdn sir giiia do' cua Natn SOTI gidi thich rdng cgu muon Nam cimg di sang ldng ben canh de giiip ddnh trai ldng ben b&i vi San di ngang qua da hi ho gdy chuyen Khi Nam nghe dieu cdu cdm ihdy hoi chodng vd gidi thich rang cgu khdng muon di San Ira nen ttrc gidn, quaf Nam vd cdn ndi rang niu cdu khong di cimg ihi tinh bgn giira hg se chdm hit Nam viea sa lgi vira hj Ion ihircmg vi nhimg dieu san ndi nen cudi cimg Nam dd ddng y di Sau dd San lgi den nhd Lmh ru cgu di ciing de cd dgi ngU mgnh han Khi San den nhd Linh vd yeu cdu citng di fhi Linh b'lnh fmh gidi ihich rdng cgu cdm ihdy bdt lien neu iham gia vdo cugc chien Linh noi vdi San rang: ddnh chi ldm cho tinh the trd nen toi le hon khdng fhay Vi noi chuyC'n vdi de gidi quyet vdn de Sau dd Linh cdn hoi San co hieu vi cgu de nghj nine vgy khong Scm nghT mgi liic, nhimg vdn khdng fhay ddi y dinh di ddnh vai frai ldng ben 185 Ti7 lieu tham khao Sd 8(~4j ndm 2015 Linh ddnh Idng phdi ndi vai San rang: Rdt tiec, dit khong mudn ldm mat iMg cdu nhung minh buoc long phdi tir choi l&i de nghi cua cdu " - Tra ldi c«: cau hoL \eu cau sau da}+ Trone quan he, ^ o tiep hanh \-\ cua Son, Nam \ a Linh co dac diem gi? - Trong cau chuyen tren ha> chi ro la ngudi co K\KD? Tai sao? -I- Til viec doc \a phan tich cau chu>en tren day ban hay cho biet KNKD la gi? + KD khac gi hieu t h ^ g ? bao diu? - Cau tra ldi cua cac nhMO dugc ^ i vao giay A - Dai dien timg nhom len irinh ba\ ket qua - G\' \eu cau mgi nguni tham gia bo sung, hoac dat cau hdi cho timg nhdm - Cuoi cun2 G\" long hop y kien ciia cac nhom va bo sung: - Trxmg cdu chuyin tr^n San cd phong cdch giao tiep, quan he hieu ihang vd dp dot chi n^T din quyen lai cua minh md khong nghT den nguai khac, - Nam cd f^iong cdch giao tiip, quan Iti phu thudc bi dong hay ndi cdch khdc Sam phuc timg mot cdch tieu cue \tmi hdnh dong khong phdi vi quyen lai sa thich cua minh md luon vi ne nguai khdc, Idm tbeo dieu ngu&i khdc mudn - Linh cd phong cdch giao fiep quan he dtmg hoa, KD Linh Id ngu&i ^•utl bdo ve quyen cua minh nhung khdng xem thuang quyen cda ngu&i khdc Linh binh tinh gidi thich rdng minh cdm ] ihdy bA tien ithu cdm gidc' cdm nhdn lir trdi tim); phdn tich so sdnh cdi hai cua cdch gidi J.r.t.': md San dun ra: dua cdch gidi quyet thay the cd loi ban (suy ng^ duac ihuc hien bdng khOi oc li tril Sau dd ndi vai San bdng trdi tim bdng khdi dc roi md Son vdn khdng chiu tir bdy mudn rd ban be di dmh nhau, Unh da hudc Idng phdi ndi "khdng" v&i San Nhu vdy Linh dd ndi v&i San bdng irdi tim.'•:''•.' J cudi cimg San vwi mudn ep buoc Linh nen Linh phdi lit choi I - Nam vd Linh deu nhgn thdc dugc dnh hudng vd cdm xuc xudt hien & hai bgn Id tuang I dong: dhi thdy neu di theo San ddnh thi finh hinh se nghiem irong han nen hai bgn diu \ khong mudn tham gia < - Unh A'-v^ quyil khdng tham gia ddnh cdn Nam thi ne vd sa nen da ngfie theo Timk kiim ^nk: Cai ma va thdnh th^ v&i ban ihdn vd ngu&i khac long nglx y fain ngu&i khdc: bdy td su thong cdm ddi vai hodn cdnh ngju&i kJidc: tu trgng vd ton frong ngu&i khdc xu li cdm xdc cua minh; ihe hien ro ; '::• •: va mong mudn cua minh; ndi khdng va gidi ihich li do: thuc hien iheo y muon cua minh md khdng ton hgi den quyen cda nguai klidc Tinh hieu thang, qud khich, ap dgt: Thuc hien bdng dugc dieu minh muon bdt ke dieu gi thgm chi ldm phuung hgi den quven Igi ngu&i khdc: budc nguai khuc Idm dieu hg khong mudn; ndi lan tieng vd tho Id: ngiii l&i ngu&i khdc: luon dot nhu cdu vd quyen lgi ciia minh len tren Tinh phuc limg, thu dimg: Yen long vi sg ng.m khcc gidn: trdnh xung dot: d&ngy trtmg Idng khdng muon; luon dot nhu cdu nguai khdc len tren; chieu iheo nhiing viec minh khdng mudn; long gign dQ- vd kho chiu nhung khdng ndi ra; ma hd ve y nglu vd dieu mmh mudn; bien minh hdnh dgng cua minh Id vi ngu&i khdc: khdng cd thai cuang quyei ^^_^^ 186 TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM Trdn Ltrffng KD la kien quyel fhuc hien dieu minh muon Iren co s&phdn tich dieu Id dmg phii hgp v&i bdn thdn vd xa hgi hogc kien quyit tir chdi dieu minh khong mudn tren ca s&phdn fieh dieu la khong dung, khong phii hgp vdi bdn thdn vd xa hgi KD khong phdi Id hiiu thdng, dp dgt, hdo thu vd cirng nhac •., ^ ! Hoat dgng Y nghta ciia KNKD - Suae Yeu cau cac SV ke nhung cau chuyen ma ban than da trai nghiem hogc chung ki^n ve ket qua ciia sy KD vd khong KD - Bu&c Yeu cau cac SV neu y nghTa cua KNKD trudc ldp - Budc GV bo sung va tong ket: KNKD giup ta: Thuc hiin dugc dieu minh mudn, nhimg diiu dung ddn, thux: hien dirge nhimg muc tieu da de ra, ldm tdng them su tu fm; cdm fhdy thodi mdi irng phd v&i cdc tinh huong; the hi^n quyin dugc bdo vi nhdn cdch vd long ty cua minh md khong viphgm quyin cita ngu-di khdc Hoat d^ng Ren luyen KNKD - Bu&c I GV hudng din SV each thyc hien KNKD Quy trinh KD bao gom: Budc I, Nhan thirc dugc van de cdn giai quyet va xac dinh dugc myc tieu can dat dugc giai quyet vdn dk Budc 2, Phan tich, phe phan: Phan tich cai diing, cai sai, cai hgp li, cai khong hgp li tren ca sd phe phan cai sai, cai kh6ng hgp If Buac 3, Xac djnh y muon cua ban than Buoc 4, Kien quyet thuc hi?n hanh dgng can lam hoac diSu cdn noi - Bu&c Chia ldp tirng nhom (moi nhom khoang - SV) Moi nhom giai quylt mgt s6 cac tinh hu6ng sau theo cac birdc hinh KNKD tren: Tmh hudng Mgt ngudi khach di cimg chuyen bay vdi ban, nhd b^n mang giup mgt tiii xach nho qua cira kiem tra an ninh len may bay Ban giai quyet tinh huong nhu the nao? Tinh hudng Bgn dang thilu tiln chi phi cho cugc s6ng va hgc tgp Thay vgy, mgt ngirdi bgn than ru bgn cung choi so de hogc ca bong da hi vgng kiem dugc nhieu tien Ban giai quyet tinh hu6ng ndy nhu the ndo? Ttnh huong Ngay mot la thi hgc phan X nhung bgn chtra hgc bai Anh (chi) Igp ke hoach la mai se hoc bai Mpt ngudi ban rat than dang d rat xa mdi anh (chi) mai di dy sinh nhat bgn ay Bgn ay noi rdng n8u anh (chi) khong den dy bgn ay se rat buon, rat gign va se khong choi vdi ban nifa Anh (chi) xii: li tinh hudng nhu thl nao? Tmh huong Ban la mgt c6 gai Bgn mai quen vdi mpt ngudi trai Ngudi trai rii ban di chai vai anh ay d nai rat xa Bgn giai quyet tinh huong nhu the nao? - Bu&c 3: Cac nhom trinh bay kit qua giai quyet tinh hudng b4ng hinh thiic sSm vai hoac trinh bay len td gidy AO Bu&c GV yeu cau mgi ngudi tham gia bd sung, hoac dgt cau hoi cho timg nhom - Bir&c GV t6ng hgp y kien cua cac nhom Trong fru&ng hgp nhgn thdy nhiing nguy ca riii ro hay cdm dd, hogc sue ep, chung ta diu cdn kien quyil noi "khdng" bdng cdch thuyit phuc, thuang lugng 187 So 8(~4) ndm 2015 Tlf lieu ttiam khao \ Tong ket D I S V neu leo: - Nhihig thong diep nao dugc nit tir chu de na> ? Sau GV chot toi: Nhirng dieu can ghi nhd chii de KD la kien qu\et thyc hien nhimg gi minh muon hcac tir choi thuc hien nhimg gi minh khong mudn tren ca so phan tich dieu la diing phu hgp vdi quyen loi va nhu cdu ciia ban than va ciia ngudi khac KD khdng phai la hieu thang dp dat bao thu ciing nhac KNKD the hien su ty tin, ban ITnh vimg vang ciia ngudi trudc moi su cam mpi sue ep D I CO ki nang giao tiep kien dinh can c6 mpt tap hpp nhiing kt nang sau: giao tiep thuang lugng ty nhan thirc tu du\ phe phan \ac djnh gia tri quyet djnh kien djnh B.AI T.\P Hay xii IJ cac tinh hudng sau: Mot ngudi ciing tnrdng ma anh/ chj rat ne de nghj anh' chj nang diem cho hgc sinh A de em CO th^ dat dupc danh hieu hpc sinh gioi Anh chi ^on la ngudi cong bing Anh chj se xir li nhu the nao? 11] Z Trong lap ciia anh chi co hpc sinh B la chau cua mgt tha\ hieu tnrdng B da nhieu lan gay sy vdi ban be \ a \ i la chau cua thay hieu Irudng nen nhieu em phai chiu nhjn Ma> hom trudc day B xui mpt thieu nien ngoai truong danh mgt ban Idp trpng thuong Ban dinh de nghi ki luat em Nhung tha>' hieu trudng \a cha me B den gap anh chj va de nghi cho qua -\nh chj se xii H nhu the nao? [1]3.3.2 Ket qud thuc nghiem chuyen de "Kindng kien dinh " Ket qud so sdnh vi KSKD trirac vd sau thuc nghiem & SV nhdm thtrc nghiem Bdng KNKD tnnrc vd sau thuc nghiem & SV nhdm thuc nghiem DTB Hieu khai niem kNKD Su can thiet cua KNkD Biet ve cac bucrc hinh Thanh kT nan^ kD Quan tam den KNKD Thuc hien theo diing qu> trinh giai qu\ et \ an de Bk in tmng binh chung 188 I Chenh Tnroc TN Sau TN •6; :b\ :.'" :.4" •6\ :-.!S ;.4; 3.39 2*4 4j:5 :.8S 4.16 2.78 4.14 3.64 •6 161 161 T\ Test diem (sig.) TB 1.48 0.00 0.41 0.00 0.98 ! 0.00 0.36 0.00 0.75 ! 0.00 0,8 ! 0,01 Khac biet coy nghis r + + + TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM Trdn Luffng Ket qua cho thky sig kiem djnh t =^ 0,01< 0,05 co the ket Iuan rang co sir chenh lech co y nghia th6ng ke ve diem so trung binh giua truac va sau tbuc nghiem Chenh lech trung binh la 0,8 Sau thuc nghiem, KNKD a SV tang len dang ke Ket luan Kit qua khao sal thuc trang cho thay diem so trung binh KNKD ciia SV Truang DHCT la chua cao Chiing loi da tbiet ke va to chiic day hoc chuyen de "KT nang kien dinh" nham nang cao kT nang cho SV Ket qua thuc nghiem cho thay, sau thuc nghiem, KNKD cua SV tang len mot each dang ke Vi vay, co the khang djnh, giai phap ma cbung toi da de a tren la kha thi va hieu qua TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Nguyen Thanh Binh (2007), Gido trinh gido due kX ndng sdng, (Gido trinh cao ddng supham), Nxb Dai hpc Su pham Nguyen Thanh Binh (2010), Gido trinh chuyen de gido due kt nang song, Nxb Dai hpc Su pham Nguyen Cong Khanh (2012), Phuang phdp gido due gid tri sdng, kt ndng sdng,'^xb Dai hpc Supham Hoang Phe (1992), Tirdiintiing f'ze/, Trung tam Tir dien ngon ngu Ha Npi Huynh Van Scm (2009), Nhdp mdn Id ndng sdng, Nxb Giao due Ha Noi John Adair (2008), KT ndng quyil dinh vd gidi quyit vdn de, Nxb Tong hop TPHCM Robert Heller (2007), KT ndng quyit dinh, Nxb T6ng hpp TPHCM (Ngdy Tda so?n nhan duac bdi: 05-3-2014 ngdy phdn bi$n ddnii gid 26-5-2014; ngdy chSp nhdn dang: 25-8-2015) ... anh'' chj nang diem cho hgc sinh A de em CO th^ dat dupc danh hieu hpc sinh gioi Anh chi ^on la ngudi cong bing Anh chj se xir li nhu the nao? 11] Z Trong lap ciia anh chi co hpc sinh B la chau cua... nhdn lam cho KNKD cua S\" chua cao la chua cd bien phap phdt triln KNKB TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM cho SV mdt cdch phii hgp vd chinh SV chua ty minh ren luyen KNKD Thyc trang tren cho thdy,... Ngin''en nhdn Cd 81.5''^o SV cho ra«g chua cd bien phdp phat trien KNKD phii hgp va 69.7% S\ cho rang chinh hg chua ty minh ren Iu\ en kl nang Day chinh la nguyen nhan lam cho kT nang ciia S'' chua