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THUTOE X U A T C A C P H l f f l N G A N T U Y E N S I N H D A I H O C V A C A O D A N G T A I V I E T N A M S A U N A M 2 0 1 0 • TS VU THI PHUTJNG ANH Dai hoc Qudc gia TP Ho Chi Minh Cho den nay, da[.]
THUTOE X U A T C A C P H l f f l N G A N T U Y E N S I N H D A I H O C V A CAO D A N G T A I VIET N A M S A U N A M • TS VU THI PHUTJNG ANH Dai hoc Qudc gia TP Ho Chi Minh C ho den nay, da co kha nhieu phirong an dddc de cap cho viec tuyen sinh td nam 2010 Ching han, cac trirdng co the xet tuyen dua tren ket qua cua mot so mon thi ki thi trung hoc phd thong (THPT), cd hoSc khong cd sd; td td chdc them ki thi tuyen sinh cho mpt so mon hpc de lay ket qua xet tuyen; hoSc xet ket hpp diem thi THPT va ket qua hpc tap d THPT Hai phirong an cd tinh ddi mdi hon la sd dung ket qua cua mpt ki thi theo kieu SAT* de bd sung them can cd xet tuyen; va cudi cung la ghi danh tir cho mpi ddi tddng da hoan tat THPT Tat ca cac phdOng an vda neu deu da va dang dddc ap dung d ndi hay ndi khac tren the gidi Van de dat cho Viet Nam hien la nen chpn phddng an hoac tap hpp cac phddng an nao, va tai sao? Bai viet nham gidi thieu cac nhdm yeu to thddng ddpc xem xet chinh sach tuyen sinh cua cac trddng dai hpc tren the gidi, phan tich muc tieu ma cac yeu td nham den, tren cO sd dd de xuat mpt phddng an tuyen sinh dai hpc va cao ding td nSm 2010 tai Viet Nam Cac nhdm yeu to ddpc xem xet cac chinh sach tuyen sinh tren the gidi Cd nhdm yeu to thddng dddc xem xet xay ddng mpt he thdng tuyen sinh dai hpc tren the gidi: (1) ket qua cua cac ki thi, (2) ket qua hpc tap d trung hpc phd thong; (3) hd so xin hpc, va (4) cac yeu to dan so nhd gidi tinh, dan tpc, tudi tac, va dieu kien kinh te - xa hpi cua ngddi hpc Mdi nhdm yeu to dddc sd dung nham dat nhdng muc tieu khac Ket qua cua cac ki thi Day la nhdm yeu td dddc sd dung phd bien nhat mpi he thdng tuyen sinh tren the gidi Cac ki thi dddc sd dung gdm thi tot nghiep THPT; thi tuyen sinh dai hpc; va ki thi chuan hda (standardised test, tdong td nhd SAT cua Hoa Ki), dd hai ki thi tot nghiep THPT va tuyen sinh dai hpc la phd bien hon ca Ki thi chuan hda cd the ndi la san pham dSc thu cua nen giao due Hoa Ki va hien cung dang dddc mpt so qudc gia chiu anh hddng cua giao due Hoa Ki va cd dieu kien tdong td Hoa Ki ap dung Moi ki thi neu tren nham den mpt muc tieu khac nhau; nhien hai ki thi tot nghiep THPT va tuyen sinh dai hpc cd nhieu diem chung vi deu dda vao chdOng trinh hpc d trung hpc phd thdng Thi tot nghiep THPT nham xac nhan ngddi hpc da dat mdc tdi thieu cua trinh dp THPT, thi tuyen sinh dai hpc nham chpn lpc nhdng ngddi cd kien thdc va kT nang tot nhat cac thi sinh Ki thi chuan hda theo kieu SAT trai lai thddng khong dda vao cac kien thdc va kT nang da ddpc cung cap chddng trinh dao tao d THPT, ma hoac cd tinh dac thu hoac tdng quat hdn, nham danh gia kha nang cong cua thi sinh vao hpc d bac dai hpc Do khac ve muc tieu nen cac ki thi neu tren cung thupc tham quyen quan li cua cac cd quan khac Thi tot nghiep THPT thddng nha nddc (cd the d cap qudc gia hoac cap dia phddng) quan li, nham bao dam giao vien va hpc sinh hoan tat mpi yeu cau tdi thieu cua chddng trinh dao tao Thi tuyen sinh dai hpc thddng chinh trddng dai hpc thdc hien de lay ket qua lam cd sd quyet dinh ve viec Ida chpn thi sinh trddng hpp sd chd hpc it hdn sd ngddi mudn hpc d mpt sd qudc gia tren the gidi, tuyen sinh dai hpc cung nha nddc quan li, dac biet la ddi vdi he thdng giao due dai hpc cdng, vi cd sd dung ngan sach nha nddc Trong dd, ki thi chuan hda la mpt hoat dpng chuyen mon cd tinh dich vu nham giup ngddi hpc chdng minh kha nang hpc tap cua minh, vi vay thddng cac td chdc khao thi chuyen nghiep thdc hien Cac td chdc thddng dpc lap vdi cd quan quan li nha nddc, va cd the thupc cac trddng dai hpc (vi du:: OH Cambridge cua Anh, hoac DH Michigan cua * SAT (Scholastic Assessment Test): Mot nhdng ki thi chuan hoa cho viec dang ki vao mot so trddng Dai hpc tai My KHGD so 55, thdng - 2010 47 Hoa Ki), hoac cung co the nam ngoai cac trudng Viec sir dung ket qua cua ki thi nhu mot can cU de xet tuyen thuoc vao su lua chpn cua tung trudng dda tren gia tri cua chinh cac ki thi viec giup nha trudng Ida chpn dupe thi sinh tot nhat de dao tao Viec sd dung ki thi nao phUdng an tuyen sinh hoan toan thupc vao muc tieu va dieu kien cua tdng qudc gia cung nhu tUng trudng dai hpc cu the Nhdng qudc gia phat then nhu nhieu nude d Chau Au hoac cac nddc Bac My, ndi cd mpt he thdng giao due phd thdng cd chat lupng tot va cd day du chd hpc d dai hpc cho mpi ngddi thi hau nhd chi can ki thi tot nghiep THPT; viec cd them mpt ki thi tuyen sinh hoac ki thi chuan hda la vain de thuan chuyen mon va vi vay se tdng trddng quyet dinh Tuy nhien, d cac he thdng giao due dai hpc cd sd phan biet ro rang gida dai hpc cdng (dupe nha nude dau tu va thudng cd chat lupng cao hdn) va dai hpc tu (ngudi hoc ddng hpc phi va chat lddng thddng kern hdn cac dai hpc cong) nhd d Nhat Ban, Han Qudc thi sdcanh tranh vao trddng dai hpc cdng van het sUc gay gat; vi vay, cac ki thi thuc sd cd vai tro gac cdng (gatekeeping), va viec td chdc them mpt hoac tham chi them nhieu ki thi khac sau ki thi TN THPT ro rang la dieu can thiet de loai bdt nhung thi sinh ma cac trudng khong cd kha nang de nhan Ket qua hpc tap d trung hoc phd thong Cac ki thi Idn du cd dddc td chdc nghiem tuc den dau, va du cd td chdc bao nhieu ki thi di nda, cung chi danh gia dddc phan nao kien thdc va nang Idc cua mpt hpc sinh, ma chu yeu la kien thdc sach vd va nang Idc han lam Trong dd, viec qua nhan manh vao cac ki thi cd vai tro gac cdng nhd tren la nguyen nhan dan den nhung tieu cdc thi cd, lam mat hoan toan y nghTa cua viec td chdc thi, chda ke sd cang thang ddi vdi ngddi hpc va gia dinh, sd ton kern cdng sdc va tien bac cua toan xa hpi, v.v Vi vay, d mot sd nddc tien tien tren the gidi, thay vi td chdc nhieu ki thi ton kern de lay ket qua tuyen sinh, cac trddng dai hpc cd the sd dung ket qua hoc tap d bac phd thdng (xet hpc ba) de ket hpp hoac dpc lap danh gia kha nang cdng d bac dai hoc cua cac dng vien Sd dung ket qua hpc tap d bac phd thong de xet tuyen vao dai hpc la mpt each lam tien tien ve nhieu mat Trddc het, each lam the hien quan diem phat trien, vi hpc ba cho phep nhin 48 nhan sd nang Idc cua ngddi hpc qua sudt mpt qua trinh, chd khdng chi d diem cudi, giup phat hien nhdng hpc sinh cd nd Idc cai thien, cd nang khieu hoac sd say me dac biet ddi vdi nganh hpc, va thong qua cac nhan xet cua giao vien cd the cho phep bpc Ip tinh each lan cac mdi quan he cua hpc sinh sudt thdi gian hpc tap d bac phd thong Dieu se cho phep cac trddng dai hpc cd ddpc quyet dinh dung dan hon ddi vdi qua trinh tuyen sinh Ben canh dd, viec xem xet ket qua d bac phd thong qua trinh tuyen sinh cung the hien quan diem dan chu va hop tac giao duo Vdi each lam nay, quyen danh gia ngddi hpc da ddpc cac trddng dai hpc trao ve cho cac giao vien phd thong, la nhdng ngddi trdc tiep giao due va cd the tao nhdng thay ddi quan d hpc sinh Viec xem xet hpc ba d phd thdng d dau vao va sau dd theo ddi qua trinh hpc d bac dai hpc cua mpt sinh vien se tao sd lien mach qua trinh giao due td trung hpc len dai hpc, ddng thdi cung tao dieu kien cho qua trinh hpp tac gida trddng dai hpc va trddng phd thdng qua trinh giao duo Tuy cd nhdng du diem nhd vay, song viec xet hpc ba tuyen sinh thddng khong dddc sd dung phd bien d nhdng nddc dang phat then vdn khdng cd mpt nen giao due dai hpc dai chung Dieu la sd thieu thdng nhat ve quan diem danh gia khien ket qua tai cac trddng trung hpc phd thong cd the rat khac va khdng the so sanh de tao cd hpi cdng bang cho mpi ngddi, dieu kien khdng cd du chd hpc cho mpi ngddi mudn hpc Tai mpt nddc nhd Viet nam vdi nhieu rat nhieu bat cap, thieu thdn giao due phd thdng, ndi cd dddc ta'm bang dai hpc vln hau nhd la canh cda vao ddi nhat ddi vdi nien, thi viec xet tuyen vao dai hpc bing ket qua hpc tap d bac phd thong can phai thdc sd can nhac trddc sd dung, va nhat thiet phai ket hdp vdi nhdng yeu td khac co tinh khach quan hon nhd cac ki thi da neu d phan tren Ho sd xin hoc Hpc ba d phd thdng chi bao gdm nhdng thdng tin ve ngddi hpc cac giao vien va nha trddng cung cap, hd so xin hpc cd nhdng thong tin chinh ngddi hpc cung cap Thong thddng, hd so xin hoc ngoai hpc ba cd them nhdng thong tin sau day ve ngddi hpc: li lich td thuat, cac tich ca nhan rieng biet, qua trinh lam viec (neu cd), thd td gidi thieu KHGD sd 55, thdng - 2010 Khoa hpc Gido due neu If chon trirdng va muc tieu cCia viec hoc va mpt hoac nhieu thu gidi thieu cua nhdng ngddi cd kha nang danh gia tinh each va nang Idc cua ngddi hpc (ching han cac giao vien, hieu trddng trddng trung hpc, cac cd quan, td chdc ben ngoai nha trddng da tdng tiep xuc hoac lam viec vdi dng vien) Sd dung hd so xin hpc nhd mpt yeu to de xet tuyen la mpt bddc tien xa hdn cua qua trinh dan chu hda va hdp tac giao due Neu viec xet hpc ba cho phep giao vien va trddng trung hoc phd thdng tham gia vao viec danh gia ngddi hpc thi hd sd xin hpc cho phep ngddi hpc td xay ddng hinh anh ve nang Idc cCia chinh minh thong qua cac thdng tin minh chpn lpc va cung cap Mpt hd sd xin hpc vdi day du cac phan nhd vda neu khong chi cho thay hpc Idc cua ngddi hpc ma cho phep danh gia ve kha nang dien dat, lap luan va thuyet phuc, quan diem va sd trddng thanh, sd say me ddi vdi nganh hpc cua ngddi hpc v.v Cach lam vi vay rat phu hop vdi mpt so nganh dac thu doi hdi sd dam me hoac/ va kinh nghiem cung nhd ban ITnh cCia ngddi hpc, dac biet la nhdng ngddi hoc ngoai Ida tudi truyen thdng, la nhdng dieu ro rang khdng the bpc Ip qua nhdng diem sd hpc ba hoac ket qua cua nhdng ki thi Diem bat Idi Idn nhat cua each lam la neu so Iddng thi sinh qua Idn thi qua trinh doc va xet hd sd se doi hdi kha nhieu thdi gian va cdng sdc cua trddng dai hpc Ngoai ra, mpt bat Idi khac la cac dng vien khong cdng thddng khdng cd dieu kien de biet li cua sd that bai cua minh de cai thien can Cac yeu td dan sd Ba nhdm yeu to vda neu - thi cd, hpc ba, hd sd xin hpc - chu yeu lien quan den nang Idc, dac biet la nang Idc tri tue, chd khong lien quan den cac yeu td ve nhan than cua ngddi hpc, nhd gidi tinh, tudi tac, nhdm xa hpi, dia phddng v.v Dieu la can thiet de dam bao sd cong bing viec Ida chpn theo nguyen tic ngddi cd nang Idc cao nhat se cd cd hpi cao nhat Tuy nhien, xet d gdc dp xa hpi, cac nhdm ddi tddng thiet thdi (dan tpc thieu so, nd gidi, dan cd vung sau vung xa, cac nhdm cd thu nhap thap v.v ) se luon cd nguy cd bi loai cao hdn cac nhom khac, dan den sd bit binh ding keo dai cho cac ddi tdpng Ngoai ra, sd da dang (diversity) ve mat dan so cua ngddi hpc cung la mpt dieu kien can thiet de tao mpt moi trddng phat then toan dien cho sinh KHGD so 55 thdng - 2010 vien cac trddng dai hoc Chinh vi vay, cac yeu to dan so cung thddng dddc xem xet nhd mpt yeu to bd sung phddng an tuyen sinh cua nhieu trddng dai hpc tren the gidi Viec xem xet cac yeu to dan so viec tuyen chpn dng vien vao trddng dai hpc cd the chinh nha trddng quyet dinh, hoac cac chinh sach xa hpi chung cua nha nddc O Hoa Ki va mpt so nddc tien tien khac, cac trddng cd the tuyen bd trddc cac "dinh mdc" (quota) ve ti le phin tram nd gidi hoac dan tpc thieu so se ddpc du tien tuyen vao trddng de khuyen khich cac ddi tddng tham gia dd tuyen Khi xet tuyen, cac ddi tdpng se dddc xet rieng theo thd td td tren xudng dddi cung nhdm, nhdng khdng xet chung vdi cac nhdm khdng du tien, de dam bao luon tuyen du chi tieu da dinh Khi sd dung cac yeu td dan so tuyen sinh, can nhd ring cong bing xa hpi se khong the dat ddpc neu nhd cac dng vien ddpc du tien xet tuyen khong cd kha nang cong qua trinh hpc Vi vay, viec xet tuyen theo cac yeu to dan sd luon kem theo it nhat la cac yeu cau sau: (1) dng vien phai cd ddpc nang Idc tdi thieu de tham gia chdflng trinh (vi du: da tot nghiep THPT d mdc trung binh kha trd len); (2) nha trddng cd dieu kien va ke hoach de hd trd sinh vien dien du tien da dddc chpn vao hpc de dam bao sd cdng cua sinh vien; (3) nha trddng cd chinh sach giup sinh vien "cd Idi thoat" cd nguy cd khong the hoan tat chddng trinh han dinh (vd: cho phep chuyen sang nganh hpc phu hpp hdn, chuyen xudng trinh dp thap hdn, cho phep tarn ngdng va quay trd lai hpc cd dieu kien v.v ) Trong yeu ciu vda neu, yeu cau cudi cung la dieu tdi thieu ma mot trddng phii thdc hien ddpc cho cac ddi tdpng du tien, va dieu khdng khd vi chi dieu kien cin nhat la cd mpt he thdng dao tao theo tin chi vdi cac chfnh sach lien thong ro rang de giai quyet yeu cau cudi cung Thur de xuait cac phuong an tuyen sinh sau nam 2010 Do cac trddng va cac nganh dao tao cd cac muc tieu va yeu cau khac nen khdng the cd mpt phddng an tuyen sinh tdi du chung cho tat ca mpi ngddi, ma cin thiet phai cd phan biet gida cac nhdm trddng/nganh khac Dieu cung tac dieu kien cho viec day manh phan tang (stratification) giao due dai hoc d Viet Nam, vdn la dieu het sdc cin thiet qua trinh dai 49 Khoa hoc Gido due chung hoa giao due dai hpc tren toan the gidi hien Tren cd sd cac nhom yeu td da neu, cd the de xuat phddng an tuyen sinh cho cac nhdm trddng/ nganh, cac ddi tddng du tien, va cac he dao tao dac biet td nam 2010 nhd sau: Nhdm 1; Cac trudng/nganh khdng dac thu, khdng cd tinh canh tranh cao, vai hoac khdng su dung kinh phi ciia nha nude: Su dung ket qua thi tot nghiep THPT va xet hoc ba Nhdm bao gdm da so cac trddng trung hpc chuyen nghiep, cao dang cong lap va ngoai cong lap, cac trddng dai hpc td thuc, va mpt so trddng dai hpc cdng thupc khdi nganh xa hpi (bao gdm ca kinh te-luat) va nhan van (trd ngoai ngd) Ddi vdi nhdm nay, phddng an tot tot nhat la xet tuyen tren cd sd cac mon thi tot nghiep THPT ket hdp vdi hpc ba THPT Viec xet hpc ba THPT cd the thdc hien td hpc sinh dang d hpc ki cua Idp 11 vdi ket qua sd tuyen (thay the cho viec dang ky nguyen vong hien nay) ddpc bao trddc cho dng vien vao khoang cudi HK nam Idp 12 Tren co sd cac dng vien da dddc sd tuyen, nha trddng cd the hinh dung sd Iddng sinh vien tiem nang cua tdng nganh dao tao de chuan bi cac dieu kien can thiet cho nam hpc mdi Cac dng vien se ddpc nhan chinh thdc nop ket qua ki thi tot nghiep THPT theo cac yeu cau can dat nha trddng dda Da sd cac ddi tdpng du tien se dddc xet nhdm tai cac trddng cdng lap (dac biet la cac thi sinh khdi C hien nay), vdi ti le xet tuyen du tien toan bp thi sinh dddc cdng bd trddc cho mpi thi sinh biet Viec xet tuyen phai xet theo nguyen tac td cao xudng thap va xet rieng cac ddi tdpng du tien cho den du chi tieu Nhdm 2: Cac trudng/nganh dac thu, cd tinh canh tranh cao, ddi hdi nang luc/ nang khieu dac biet cua ngudi hoc, vaJ hoac nhan dupe su dau tu dac biet ciia nha nude: Su dung ket qua ciia ki thi tot nghiep THPT (cd hoac khdng kem theo viec xet hoc ba) va ket qua ciia mot ki thi khac Nhdm gdm da so cac trddng dai hpc cdng lap, d$c biet la cac dai hpc diem; cac chddng trinh tien tien, tai nang, chat Iddng cao, cac chddng trinh lien ket vdi nddc ngoai thupc cac trddng dai hpc ca cong lap va ngoai cong lap, cac nganh doi hdi phong thi nghiem, thiet bi va dieu kien hpc tap dac biet nhd: Y, Nha, mpt so 50 nganh kT thuat, mpt sd nganh hpc dac thu/nang khieu nhd mT thuat, kien true, nhac, hoa, ngoai ngd v.v Ddi vdi nhdm nay, viec so tuyen cd the thdc hien tddng td nhdm vdi nhdng dieu kien khat khe hdn (vd: chi xet cac hpc sinh dat loai gidi, hoac hpc sinh thupc cac trddng chuyen, trddng diem, chddng trinh chat Iddng cao v.v ) Tuy nhien, sau cd ket qua tot nghiep THPT theo cac yeu cau can dat nha trddng dda (thddng d mdc cao hdn nhdm 1), nhat thiet phai cd them mpt ki thi, hoac la ki thi dau vao chinh nha trddng td chdc, hoac la mpt ki thi chuan hda (dac thu hoac tdng quat, theo kieu SAT cua Hoa Ki, hoac O level cua Anh) mpt td chdc khao thi chuyen nghiep hoac ngoai nddc td chdc Do day la nhdm nganh hpc dac thu, doi hdi thi sinh phai nang Idc/ nang khieu tdi thieu de cong, nen mdc diem dat tdi thieu cua ki thi phai ddpc xac dinh trddc va cdng bd cho mpi thi sinh dddc biet de td Iddng sdc Tuy nhien, viec trung tuyen se dddc xet td tren xudng dddi ddi vdi tat ca cac trddng hpp dat diem san Cac ddi tddng du tien neu mudn dddc xet nhdm van can phai dd day du cac ki thi va dat mdc diem tdi thieu da dddc cong bd trddc de dam bao kha nang cong cua thi sinh trung tuyen Viec xet tuyen cung xet theo nguyen tac td cao xudng thap va xet rieng cac ddi tddng du tien cho den du chi tieu Nhdm 3: Cac he dao tao dac biet (hoan thien dai hoc, tai chdc, dao tao td xa, van bang v.v ): Xet hd so xin hpc (ghi danh) kem cac yeu to dan so Ddi tddng sinh vien dddc phep theo hpc cac he dao tao dac biet chi nen bao gdm cac thi sinh ngoai dp tudi truyen thdng (18-24) Do day la ddi tddng da hoan toan trddng va thddng da cd kinh nghiem lam viec, nen hd so xin hpc se la can cd quan nhat de phan doan ve kha nang cong chdong trinh hpc Ngoai hd sd xin hpc, cac thi sinh cung can cd yeu cau tdi thieu ve trinh dp (vi du: da hoan tat chddng trinh THPT) Cac yeu td dan sd ddi vdi ddi tdpng cung rat quan trong, khong chi vdi muc dich du tien ma chu yed de tao mpt mdi trddng da dang hoc tap vdn rat can thiet ddi vdi ddi tddng d dp tudi phi truyen thdng Ngoai ra, tiiy yeu cau cua tdng nganh hpc, nha trddng cd the yeu cau KHGD so 55, thdng - 2010 thi sinh cung cap them ket qua cua mpt ki thi chuan hoa dupe td chdc nhieu lan nam de tao dieu kien cho thi sinh theo hpc bat cd nao du dieu kien Do dieu kien dau vao kha md nen viec quan li ddi vdi ddi tdpng can rat chat che thong qua viec kiem tra thddng xuyen qua trinh hpc theo nguyen tac md rpng dau vao, that chat dau Dong thdi, tien dp hpc tap cua cac sinh vien se rat da dang, nen mpt cd che quan li linh hoat la het sdc can thiet O day, mpt lan nda cd the thay mpt he thdng tin chi hoan chinh, van hanh tot, vdi cac cd che lien thong dddc dam bao, la mpt dieu kien rat can cho sd cdng cua ngddi hpc chddng trinh dao tao Ket luan Vai tro quan cCia trddng dai hpc nen kinh te tri thdc toan cau hien khdng gi de ban cai Nhdng de trddng dai hpc thdc sd la mpt dpng Idc phat then xa hpi thi mpi chinh sach cd lien quan den qua trinh giao due deu can ddpc can nhac can than, dd tuyen sinh la khau quan dau tien Va hai nguyen tac quan nhat viec xay ddng cac chinh sach cua mpt nganh cd lien quan den tat ca mpi ngddi - nganh giao due la phai xem xet quyen Ipi cua tat ca cac ben cd lien quan, va thdc hien trao quyen day du cd dieu kien Cac de xuat ddpc dda bai viet nay, dda tren kinh nghiem thdc tien BOI DlTONG H S (Tiep theo trang 25) hpc Viec danh gia can tranh tao them sd cang thing cho HS hpc tap - Npi dung danh gia: chu yeu tap trung vao viec khac sau, md rpng nhung kTnang, kien thdc - Cach thdc danh gia: kiem tra viet va van dap d nhdng npi dung md rpng hoac hpc sau mpt sd kien thdc va kT nang; quan sat hoat dpng hpc cua HS cac cupc thi, tro chdi, hoat dpng hpc tieng Viet cac hoat dpng theo chu diem de dda nhan xet Hoat dpng bdi dddng HS kha gidi mdn Tieng Viet theo hddng day hpc td chpn da ddpc thd nghiem cac nam hpc 2006-2007 va 20082009 d mpt so trddng tieu hpc tai huyen Thanh Tri, quan Hai Ba Trdng, Ha Npi, mpt so Idp tieu KHGD so 55 thdng 4-2010 Khoa hoc Gido due cua cac nddc tren the gidi, da cd gang ton cac nguyen tac ndi tren, va hi vong cd the chi dddc mpt sd djnh hddng phu hpp de tiep tuc nang cao chat Idpng va hieu qua cua giao due dai hpc Viet Nam nhdng nam sap tdi TAl Ll£U THAM KHAO Bp Giao due va Dao tao (2007) Tai lieu Hoi thao - Ta huan ve thi nam 2008 (luu hanh npi bp) Ha Npi, Cue Khao thi va Danh gia chat lupng dao tao Cabrera, A R, and K R Burkum (2001) College Admission Criteria in the United States: An Overview Paper presented at Balance del sistema de acceso a la universidad (selectividad y modelos alternativos) Catedra UNESCO de Gestidn y Politica Universitaria Madrid, Spain Helms, R M (2008) University Admission Worldwide Working Paper Series 15 Washington DC, World Bank Oregon State Board of Higher Education (2007) Undergraduate Admission Policy for 2008-2009 Academic Year SUMMARY This article describes the group of most often used policies in admission into universities worldwide, analyz objectives of these factors and based upon that to propose a new admission mechanism for higher education from 2010 in Vietnam hpc thupc Trddng phd thong cd sd Thdc nghiem cua Bp Giao due va Dao tao va da cd nhdng ket qua dddc danh gia tot TAl LIEU THAM KHAO PGS.TS Nguyen Thj Hanh (chu nhiem), Day hoc tuc mon Tieng Viet b tieu hoc nham dap dng yeu cau day hoc phan hda, de tai khoa hpc cap Vien 2007, Vien Khoa hoc Giao due Viet Nam Nguyen Thj Hanh, Thuc trang va nhu cau day hoc tu chon mdn Tieng Viet b tieu hoc, Tap chi Giao due so 163, 5/2007 Luyen tap nang cao Tieng Viet theo hubng day hoc tu chon (2 tap), Nha xuat ban Giao due Viet Nam, 2008 SUMMARY The author addresses the need of tutoring for good and excellent students in Vietnamese language towards elective; scientific basis and forms for the tutoring 51 ... Thur de xuait cac phuong an tuyen sinh sau nam 2010 Do cac trddng va cac nganh dao tao cd cac muc tieu va yeu cau khac nen khdng the cd mpt phddng an tuyen sinh tdi du chung cho tat ca mpi ngddi,... nganh, cac ddi tddng du tien, va cac he dao tao dac biet td nam 2010 nhd sau: Nhdm 1; Cac trudng/nganh khdng dac thu, khdng cd tinh canh tranh cao, vai hoac khdng su dung kinh phi ciia nha nude: Su... (dac biet la cac thi sinh khdi C hien nay), vdi ti le xet tuyen du tien toan bp thi sinh dddc cdng bd trddc cho mpi thi sinh biet Viec xet tuyen phai xet theo nguyen tac td cao xudng thap va xet