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NANG CAO CHAT LUKNG N G U O N NHAN lUC VIET NAM THEO H i N G BAO TAO NGHE QUOC T i VAN BUNG TRBNG KHUNG CHIfilNG TRiNH CAO DANG NGHE D I I N CONG NGHIEP PGS TS V Q TH! XUAN'''' Abstract To provide skille[.]
NANG CAO CHAT LUKNG NGUON NHAN lUC VIET NAM THEO HiNG BAO TAO NGHE QUOC Ti - VAN BUNG TRBNG KHUNG CHIfilNG TRiNH CAO DANG NGHE D I I N CONG NGHIEP PGS.TS V Q TH! XUAN' Abstract: To provide skilled labors of industrial electricity for the companies in Ho Chi Minh City and the suburban, the authors had surveyed working capacity of labors of industrial electricity in Ho C/ii !\4inh City and applied the Australian TAFE model lo design the curriculum for educating the labors 0/ industrial electricity The curriculum has been recognized by experts because of flexibility and vanetf for learning need This curriculum helps the labors increase their qualihcation and competition when joining the ASEAN community and meet the technological innovation requirements Keywords: Curriculum, Diploma of Industrial Electricity H ien nay, cd hai giai phap de tang nang sua't lao dpng eho cac qud'c gia ASEAN: 1) Tang hieu qua cua cac nganh cdng nghiep chinh bdng each ap dung cong nghe mdi, nang cap may mdc; 2)Dau tu vao dao tao kTnanqva dao tao nghe Theo ong MaiDde Chinh - PhdTdng giam doc Lien doan lao ddng Viet Nam, co nhieu nguyen nhan tac dpng tdi nang suat lao dpng eua Viet Nam, trude het la khoa hpe, kTthuat Chu tjeh Ngan hang Phattrien chau A {ADB) tdng khuyen cao ring Viet Nam can danh sydau tu Idn hon denang eao chat luong nguon nhan lyc,vidaylayeut6then chdt dua VietNam vuat khoi ngudng nudc cd thu nhap tmng binh nhung nam tdi Nhuvay, rd rang vai trd eua giao dye nghe nghiep djnh hudng nang eao nang suat la rat quan trpng.Baivietnayti'inh bay mpttrong nhi^g giai phap gdp phan nang cao chat Iupng rihan lyc Viet Nam: Van dung mo hinh dao tao nghe quoc teTAFE cua Australia vao xay dung chuang trinh dao tao nghe c/?oW§r/Vam,eythelanghe£'e7cdn5ng/7^{DCN) dtrinh dp eao dang nghe Trong vai nam gan day, cd chung hudng nhan djnh la nang suat lao ddng cua ngudi Viet Nam rat tiiap Theo danh gia cua to' chde Lao ddng qude te {ILO), nang suat lap ddng cua VietNam thudc nhom thap nhat d chau A - Thai Binh Duang Theo ILO/ ADB, nang suaitlao ddng cua mdtqude gia trude het phythupevaomOfcdphieuquasudyng lao ddng ket hop vdi cae ye'u td'san xuat khae nhumay mdc, cdng nghe valupngmay mde va cdng nghemamdt ngucri lao ddng cua qude gia dd dupe sudyng Thi^tehten cho thay nang suat lao ddng nganh cheta va cac dich vu eao cap d Viet Nam cao hon ratnhieu so vdi nganh ndng nghiep Viet Nam va cac qu&gia nhu Campuchia, Lao van cdn mpt bpphan I6)i nhan lue lam viec nganh nong nghiep, dan tdi nang suatlaodpngthap han nhieu qud'c gia khac Cd nhieu each de thue hien hoat dpng dao lao nghe qudc te cho nien, dd la: - Gui di dao tao nudc ngoai;-Mua (hay ehuyen giao)tongacacchiwng trinh dao tao nghe co san tren the gidi ve Viet Nam giang day, vcri giao vien dupc mcri td nude ngoa veva c ^ bing qudc te; - Van dung tdeac chuong trinh dao tao nghe tien tien vao Viet Nam cho phu hpg vciidieii kiai van hoa va eosdvatchat giang day tai chd Nghi§i cdu cua ehung tdi ehpn giai phap thuba Da cd kha nhieu lioi tiiao khoa hpc vacdnglroll nghien cdu nude ve viec van dyng cac mG||| I dao tao nghe tien tien cua cac nude vao nen c ^ ^ ' nghe nghiep Viet Nam Dang chu y la/n(5/?/nA% nghe kep"- Dual System cua Cong hoa lien bang Due ya mo hinh TAFE cua A u s ^ l l a TAFE laclij viet tat cua Technical and Purser EducaftwM thd'ng giao dye cao dang va chuyen nghiepj.lw; duong vcri Community Colleges {Mi), Potytedipl {Phan Lan), Junior Colleges (Han Quoc), Institute Un Ivors itaires De Technologie - lUTs {Phap).OViel Nam, cd the biet tdi dudi dang Trudng KTthuattong hpp, Trudng Bach khoa Neu chuong trinh dao lao * Tnrdng Dai tioc Sir pham Ki Hiuit TP Ho Chi Minh 22 I r q p chi Gido due so 380 (ki2' kT thuat vien dupc xay dyng tren ca sd dng dyng chuang trinh dao tao nghe tien tien Australia-TAFE se la budc dau de ngudi hpc coca hpi tieja can hpc tap td chuong trinh qud'c te nhung dupe to ehue tai Viet Nam Cac nha khoa hpc, quan licdc^eu kien danh gia, sy dinh hudng phat trien tot cho giao due nghe nghiep hi§n G i i t h i e u m d hinh daotaonghe'TAFE cua Australia 2.1 He thd'ng giao due cao ding va chuyen nghiep tai Australia TAFE la ITnh vyc giao dye va dao tao nghe Idn nhat Tat ca cac trudng TAPE deu chinh phu tieu ban valanh thd'sdhdu, dieu hanh vatal trp •Cackhdadaynghetaicactn/dngconglap^ugc MFEftayte/ca'cftpc wen ft/ Bdng cap eua ratnhieu khoa hpc thude linh vuc day nghe, giup sinh vien duac miln tnJrmpt so tin chi neu h p m u d ' n t i ^ tuc,theo dud1 cac chuang trinh d bac dai lipc • Tai cac ^tjng TAFE cd md cac khda dao tao nghe sau ^ng hgc phothdng, tap tmng vao viec hudng nghiep vathuc hanh nhieu hon so vdi chuang trinh dai hpc C P SP vat ehat va trang thiet bj cua eac tnidng giong nhu cac tnrdtig dai hpe Cac tardng TAFE hpp tac chat che vdi cac tnj'dng dai hpc viec dao tao lien thdng bSng cap - Cac Uudng TA FE cung cap cac khoa hgc nghe vdi quy mo rat da dang, chuyen biet Ngoat ra, cac tardng cdn m d cac chuang trinh dai hpe thong qua cac tnrdng dai hpc lien ket, hoae ddi la chuong trinh cac trudng tythietke Cac khda hpc cua TAFE d\SOc nhiem chdng tren toan qud'c va dupe qud'c te chinh tilde eong nhan, dd moi khda hpc dupe danh giathudng xuyen deduytricac tieu chuan giao due cao nhat 2.2 Chuongtrinh dao tao nghe TAFE, gom: - Chdng chingherdbac de'n bae {Certificate I - IV) va cao dang nghe bac: - Chdng cft/V(Certificate I; 3-6 thang): ngudi hpc dupe dao tao kie'n thuc thdng thudng va kT nang ea ban ve nghe -ChdngchiII{Cet^cale 11; 6-8 thang): ngoai kien thdc bac I, ngudi tot nghiep bac II phaivan dung dupe kien thuc va kTnang lien quan vao eac mdi tnrdng 1am viec theo yeu cau thong tiiudng cua nghe -C/7i^ffc/j////(Certificate III;8-12 thang) Dae se dupc hpc li thuydt chuyen sau va kTnang eao han deed khanang giaiquyetcdngvieetrong hoan canh mdi; cd tu ddc lap, nhan dinh chin ehan giai quyet cdng viec chuyen mdn (ki2-4/2016) -C/;dnpc/J/Vl^(Certificate IV; 12-18 thang): Cd kha nang phan tieh danh gia thdng tin vdi ph^m vi chuyen mdn sau rpng nhung (Jeu kien bien dd1 linh hoat Ngudi dat bac cd kha nang quan li va trach nhiem vdi nhdm nhan suvira va nhd 2.3 Chuang trinh dao tao bac cao dang {Diploma va Advanced Diploma): cac trudng day nghe vacac tnrdng dai hpc deu cd cung cap chuang trinh -5^n£f cao dSng {Diploma; 18-24 thang) Mpt sd tardng dai hpc cung mdeae khda hpc cho trinh dpvan b5ng ehuyen nghiep Nguditotnghi^ CO kha nang lap lu an kTthuatva sang tao dmptso'finh vye ehuyen sau; phan tich, lap kehoach thyc hien hoac quan lieae ^nh vyc kTthuat nhat dinh cua nghe; ed kha nang lam viec hieu qua cac nhiem vy kTthuat phdc hpp, ddi hoi phd'i hpp totvdi eac vien khae - Bing cao ding nang cao {Advanced Diploma; 2-2,5 nam).Oay la bang eao nhattrong mdhinh TAFE Nguditotnghi^cdkhanangap dyng nhdng nguyen li kTtiuat can ban vaphue hpp vao cae ITnh vuc mdrdng; ednang lyc lanh dao va lap kehoach phattrien cae giai phap kTthuat eao; ed kTnang sang tao vatinh toan cho minh vanhom cdng tac datden hieu qua Dao tao nghe dien cong nghiep (DON) theo TAFE tai TP Ho Chi Minh va tinti Ba Ria V i j n ^ Tau phia Nam, td nam 2005 de'n nay, chu ye'u ehi ed2 tardng da to ehdc dao tao nghegud'c te theo md hinh TAFE: Tn/dng Cao dang Nghe Ulama2{^\iqc tinh Dong Nai) va Tnimg Cao ding nghe quoc te l/afi/sWdngf i a m {Trudng nghe tu thuc tinh Ba RiaVung Tau) Hai tnrdng dacd hpc sinh totnghiep Thye tiln dao tao nghe dhai trudng cho thay: 5./ rAuantoj;-Chuang trinh thiet ke'theo TAFE mang tinh thyc tien cao ddi vdi cdng viec va nghe nghiep;-Npi dung giao trinh: thiet kephu hpp vdi dd'i tupng, nhiem vuthyctecong viec ngudi thp lam thyc te; - Chuang trinh xay dyng tren cac nang lyc hanh nghe ma ngudithpphai lam doanh nghiep sau Ket hpp hai hda thyc hanh tai trudng va thuc te, doanh nghiep; - Cac module dupe tich hpp li thuyet vathye hanh 3.2 Khd khan: - Chuong frinh Cdng nghe Dien trien khaitai khu vuc phia Nam Viet Nam cdtrdngai kin nhat la he thd'ng trang thietbj, vat tu mua tai VietNam khong phu hpp yeu cau Australia; - Cae bai tap giao trinh kho dap ung; - Nha tardng dieu ehinh mua mptsd'vattu,thietbjthyc hanh tuang duong hoac thep han ehuan cua Australia dua ra; - Khdtuyen dung giao Tap chi Gido due so 380 23 vien CO kinh nghiem, kTnang day Suae nhieu mon theo la kip thai va ph u hop ohu Mang phat trien conj tat chuong trinh cua Australia; -Giao vien va ca hpc sinh day nghe o nird'c ta (hoi thao 25/10/201S|J ddihoidapungthem khanang ngoaingO(tiengAnh)- Khoa Bien, Trudng Bai hoc Supham klthuilTP yeu cau cua Australia rat cao; - Chi phichuong trinh Ho Chi Minh) chuyen giao cao dan den tuyen sinh dau vao kho thu *' * huthocsinhvihocphicao , 3.3 Khung Chuang trinh cao dang nghe flC/V thiet ki'theo mo hinh TAFE Trong bac trinh dp nghe, moi bac sau (cao hon) sebaogomdaydutieuchuannangluccuabactrudc (thap hon) Tinh chat the hien Sado cau true cua mo hinh TAFE nghe BCN6m day: Bic (AQF Level) " III IV V VI Chuong trinh cao dang nghe DON thiet ke Irin co so van dung Chuong trinh dao tao TAI=E cui Australia la san pham nghien cuu dau Sen otVi^Nam, khong tning lap vdi 20 nghe dao tao quoc temaBi Lao dong - Thuong binh ya Xa hpi da ban hanh Chirong trinh duoc thiet ke linh hoat va da dangal viJa dap ling hoc nghe chinh quy tSp tmng cua lio C ^ chtfng ctii ngti^ flCN (Industnai Eleclncity Qualrlication Trde) Thcfi gian^ong Module CtidngchiUCeitiScalel) QuSn day dfing cd dien conn suSt nho QuSn day m^v biln dp conq suit nho Bao daana ddng cd dign kha L3pdatthte1bichi6us3ng Lip {Qt phu ki^n diftmg dav cung cSp difn xl nghiep CIiilnQ chi II (Cernncate II) I.Ltio dat ddng CO difin Lip dattu dien phan phOi, 3, Bao dtldng mang dgng Uc, Iii dign phan-phoi Sila chl]a m^y bOm nutlc t^ng cong nqhifip Siia ChQa, ban tri ddnq cd dien cdng sail, nhd SDa ChQa mdy bien ip cong suil nho Lilp dai Ihiel bi an to^n (Securi^ Assennbly-Set up) B Lap flat mach bao chay (Fire Alanns Servicing) ChiBiQChlllKCerlilicatelll) Lap flat mang dien chi6u sang xi/iing sSn xult nho Lapflatdien [ElectncalFittina) Lap dat h£ thdng cung capfl'tenxUfIng san xu4t nhd Lap aatliJiliSn phan phdi Lap flat bo dieu khien dung Ro le cdng i k Bao di/dng manq ddnq lUc, tii flien phan ph6i Sira chfla,bao tri ddnq cO flien B Thi^l bi an mnh (Secunty Eqjipmenl) Chi/ng chitV (Certificate IV) Lap dat he thdng cung cap DON 2, Lap dat manq di?n cht^u sang cong nghiep Bao tri Oien xi nghiep SQa chcra thi^t bi DCN LSp dit bd dieu Ithien lap trinh He th6ng nSnq chuyen (Electncal - Lift Systems) He th6ng hSm soat phong chiy [Electncal-Rte Pmtection Control Systems) SQa ChQa may phat dien xoay chi^u Siia ChQa mang ddng lUc tu dien phan phdi 10- SQa chiJa thi^t bi dien ddng cat, bao ve phonq nd Bing Cao aSng {Diploma) 1.0CN Sira ChQa thielbiDCN BSnQ Cao tfing nSna cao (Ativanced Diploma) OCN SQa ChQa ihietbiDCN ^ OhLfong tnnh cao dang nghe DCN sau xay dinig da dacfc 28 chuyen gia nganh DCN danh gia 24[Tap chi Gido due so 380 (3-6thAnq) 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-3 {6-8 thing) 3-6 3-6 3-6 3-6 3-6 3-6 3-6 3-6 (8-12 thing) 6-10 6-10 6-10 6-10 6-10 6-10 6-10 6-10 (12-18 Ihing) 5-12 5-12 5-12 5-12 5-12 dong tremcii gia nhap ht luong lao dpng, vua dap ungnhucauhpcnghetaa nhOng tac ddng ciia, viec thay daco cau kii^tll vacai each doanh nghi9|£ Diem noi bat cua chirong trinh la nang cao nang lyt hanh nghechongt/cd lao dgng nh&m dap ung.ttili kip vcMsLfdoimcS cua khoa hpc-congnghevalJiam' gia thi trLrdng lao dong ASEAN.a Taili§u thamkh&o Ban Chip hanh Tmnj uong Nght quyits619'H^ TWnfidy 4/11/2013 viM mdi cdn bdn, todn dl^n gido due vd ddo l^o Be Lao dOng - Thuong binh \k x a hOi TSi lifu H^i nghi Triin tikat dio tgo thi diim Irlnh d^ cao ddng cho 12 nghi • Cip d0 Qud'c te Truxyng D?i 5-12 hoc Sir pham kUhuSlTP 5-12 H6 Chi Minh, 2015 5-12 Nguyfin Diic Tri Til^ chudn ktndng ngki, ddiA (18-24 Viina) gid vd cdp b&ng chting cU 4-8 Vien Khoa hpc gi^o due VietNam, 2007 Trtrang Thj Phirong 4-8 •'DacdigmmOhinhd^i?o nghd TAFE cua Uc va kinh nghiem d^o tao nhan Ivc xuit khIu di Cc" cuaTniang Vabis H6ng Lam,200i (ki 2'4/2016) A ... cao; - Chi phichuong trinh Ho Chi Minh) chuyen giao cao dan den tuyen sinh dau vao kho thu *'' * huthocsinhvihocphicao , 3.3 Khung Chuang trinh cao dang nghe flC/V thiet ki ''theo mo hinh TAFE Trong. .. nghiep (DON) theo TAFE tai TP Ho Chi Minh va tinti Ba Ria V i j n ^ Tau phia Nam, td nam 2005 de''n nay, chu ye''u ehi ed2 tardng da to ehdc dao tao nghegud''c te theo md hinh TAFE: Tn/dng Cao dang... kTthuat phdc hpp, ddi hoi phd''i hpp totvdi eac vien khae - Bing cao ding nang cao {Advanced Diploma; 2-2,5 nam) .Oay la bang eao nhattrong mdhinh TAFE Nguditotnghi^cdkhanangap dyng nhdng nguyen li