N H L f N G X U H U O N G N G H I E N C U U C H I N H V E G I A O D U C O A I H O C • • • H I E N N A Y T R E N T H E G I O I Trong bai dien van khai mac Giai Nobel nam 2008 tai Thuy Dien, TS Marcus S[.]
NHLfNG X U HUONG NGHIEN C U U CHINH VE GIAO DUC O A I HOC • • • HIEN N A Y T R E N T H E GIOI • TS VLfOTMG THANH HUONG Trung tam Thdng tin - Thw vien T rong bai dien van khai mac Giai Nobel nam lien quan din toan ciu hoa va giao due la van hoa quoc t i , cac he thong quoc t i , hau thupc dja va 2008 tai Thuy Dien, TS Marcus Storch - chu van hda ban dja NhCrng thuyit trinh v i toan ciu tich Hpi dong quT Nobel da noi: "Nen tang cua sy hoa va giao due lien quan mat thiit din cac vin phat trien ngudi la tri thirc Nhung dong gop tri de nghien cuu v i nen kinh t i tri thuc va phat trien thirc quan trpng nhat la den tir cac dai hpc" Lam khoa hpc - cdng nghe, hpc tap suit ddi, di cu toan the nao mpt dai hpc co the hoan nhiem vu ciu hoac chay mau chit xam va chii nghTa ty ciia no mpt each tot nhat? Theo TS Marcus, mpt mdi Cac to chirc thudng tiin hanh nghien cuu ve dai hpc cd ba nhiem vu chinh: toan ciu hda va GD OH phai k i din Ngan hang (1) La ki ire cua xa hoi: Doi hdi cac trudng dai t h i gidi, OECD, To chuc thuong mai quoc t i , Vien hpc chuyen tilp tri thuc chung ta cd horn din nghien cuu k i hoach hoa giao due quoc t i (HEP), cac t h i he k i tilp Lien hiep quoc va UNESCO (2) La mui nhon cua xa hpi: Tri thirc - nin tang NhCrng nghien cuu ve toan cau hoa va GD DH phat triin kinh t i - xa hpi hien dang tang len dac biet dupe t h i hien d cac chu de chinh sau khdng ngirng Niu khong nang cao nguon lyc va chat lupng cua cac trudng dai hpc bing mpt each day: - Tri thdc da va dang trd mpt yeu to quan nao dd d i chung ta giCV vung dupe nen tang, thi chiing ta se khdng t h i thoa man dupe nhiem vu co cho tang trudng kinh t§ va phat then: ban He luy se la mpt xa hpi dinh tre Canh tranh quoc gia hien phu thupc rit (3) La tam grrong phe phan cua xa hpi: Tuyen nhiiu vao kha nang san xuit va thu hut tri thirc bo bdi Lien Hiep Quoc v i Tuyen Ngon Pho quat ve GD DH ddng vai trd quan trpng san xuit, cac Quyin Con ngudi vao 10 thang 12 nam phan phoi va thu hut tri thirc Do vay, viec md rpng 1948, mpt nhCrng dilm chinh yiu ciia quyen GD OH la dieu kien cin thiit d i tang thu nhap quoc ngudi la ty tap hpp va trao doi tri thirc Sy dan va tang kha nang canh tranh toan ciu lya chpn chiln lupc phat triin giao due ciia - Trao doi tri thdc trd djch vu thirong mai cac quoc gia se doi hoi ca hai: Tri thuc va Idng can qudc te giCra cac qudc gia dam Cac tiin bp cong nghe dang vupt qua bien gidi Tren binh dien quic t i , nhung xu hudng nghien quoc gia nhanh hon nguon lyc vat chit va ciru chinh giao due dai hpc (GDDH) hien ngudi Viec toan cau hda va thuong mai xuyen phai k i din: bien gidi, san xuit tri thuc ty ban than nd trd qua trinh phu thupc vao lyc lupng thj trudng Hau qua la cac san phim tri thirc cua cac co sd san Nghien ciru ve toan cau hoa va giao due dai hgc xuat tri thirc trd hang hoa co t h i thuong mai Theo nhung tai lieu nghien cuu co dupe thi "thj nhu mpt phin dupe ghi "Thda thuan chung trudng hoa", "toan ciu hoa", "giam dan trung uong ve thuong mai cac loai hinh djch vu (GATS)" hoa" va "phai Tan huu" (the New Right) diu co moi Thuong mai GD DH dang thu hut diu tu quan he vdi Toan ciu hoa la mpt khai niem nguon lyc, keu gpi canh tranh, mang lai Ipi nhuan tuong doi phuc tap, nd khdng chi cd quan he vdi nhieu cdn hon mpt so nganh, ITnh vyc khac - Toan cau hda ddi hdi tang cirting cac kT nang khoa hpc xa hpi ma dat nhiiu thach thirc cho cac quoc gia va khu vyc tren t h i gidi thj trirdng toan cau Cac he thong GD OH d nhieu nude khdng Nhirng nghien ciru v i toan cau hda va GDDH lien quan din cac nghien ciru kham pha, cac qua dap ung yeu ciu san xuit dpi ngu nhan lyc cd trinh mang tinh toan ciu cd anh hudng din thyc chuyen mon, kT nang cao va vdi kit qua hp tiin va cac chinh sach phat triin GD DH ciia khu phai nhap khiu nhan lyc co chit lupng din tir vyc, ciia quic gia Co bin dac diim li luan chinh cac quoc gia khac Viec canh tranh nhan lyc cd kT 34 ^ ^ u r u nang va 'tran chien tri nao' dang cang tang len thj trirdng nhan lire toan cau Nhieu quoc gia da va dang khuyen khich giao due xuyen bien gidi de san xuat nhung sinh vien tot nghiep dap ung yeu cau chat luqng Trong qua trinh nay, giao due xuyen bien gidi trd cong cu quan trqng cua toan cau hda GD DH nhu mpt viec bo sung vao san pham kinh te toan cau - Chu nghien ciru vi qudc te hoa va phat trien giao due xuyen bien gidi - 'cross border education' Nam 2005, bin quoc gia (Uc, New Zealand, Vuang quoc Anh va Hoa Ky) da thu dupe han 25 ti USD thyc hien giao due xuyen bien gidi Cac trudng OH quan tam den giao due xuyen bien gidi ke tu no trd mpt nguon thu nhap mdi, dac biet boi canh cat giam ngan sach nha nude cho GD OH Dieu dupe dy tinh rang thu nhap tu sinh vien ngoai quoc den hpc chiem nhieu han 1/3 tong thu nhap d mpt so trudng dai hpc d Uc Noi mpt each khac, giao due xuyen bien gidi la moi quan tam cua dong thdi nhieu ca sd dao tao viec cung cap giao due xuyen bien gidi Hien tai co 04 hinh thai GD OH xuyen bien gidi, theo GATS, la sy huy dpng cua: (a) Cac chuong trinh va tai lieu khoa hpc; (b) Sinh vien; (c) Cac nha cung cap va (d) Giang vien Nghien cwu ve tw nhan hda GD DH GD DH dang phat trien nhanh chong nhung thap nien gan day va so lupng sinh vien nhap hpc da tang len gap doi vong 15 nam qua Viec tang nhanh so lupng sinh vien la de dap ung nhu cau xa hdi doi vdi GD OH va doi hoi cap bach ve dpi ngu nhan lyc cd kT nang tham gia thi trudng lao dpng Nhieu chinh phu, dac biet d cac nude dang phat trien khdng co du nguon lyc dau tu cho cac trudng dai hpc cdng lap Do vay hp da de cac chien lupc md rpng GD DH thong qua h6 trp tai chinh tu cac co sd ngoai cong lap Dieu lien quan den cac phuong phap thu hoi von cac trudng cdng lap va viec lap cac trudng dai hpc tu thuc (Private Higher Education Institutions - PHEIs) Viec phat trien cac trudng DH tu thuc la mpt phan quan trpng de md rpng GD OH Cac trudng dai hpc tu thuc se dupe xep vao 02 loai hinh: Vi Ipi nhuan (for-profit) va phi Ipi nhuan (not-for-profit) Doi vdi cac trudng vi Ipi nhuan se dupe quan li theo Luat doanh nghiep, chung hoat dpng va thu Ipi nhuan tu cac dich vu giao due Phan Idn cac trudng DH tu thuc dupe xay dyng tai cac vung thj va cung cap cac khoa hpc KHGD so 61, thang 10-2010 Khoa hoc Giao due than thien vdi thj trudng, chu yeu cac ITnh vyc quan trj doanh nghiep, khoa hpc may tinh, ke toan, thj trudng, kinh te va giao tiep Hpc phi la yeu to quan trpng va la nguon chinh thu nhap cua cac trudng tu thuc Doi vdi cac trudng vi Ipi nhuan, hpc phi thudng cao, d cac trudng OH tu thuc cac co sd tdn giao tai trp, phi Ipi nhuan thi sinh vien dong hpc phi thap Vien nghien ciru k l hoach hda giao due quic t i (HEP) da va dang tien hanh nghien cuu ITnh vyc d nhiiu quic gia d i hiiu sau hon v l GD DH tu thuc Cac nghien cuu tim hiiu cac vin d i nhu: Phat trien GD OH tu thuc, tuyen sinh, cac md hinh sd huu, loai hinh khoa hpc, mo hinh tai chinh Nghien cwu ve dam bao chat Iwong GDDH Dam bao chit lupng GD OH hien la mpt xu hudng nghien cuu quan trpng d nhiiu nude tren t h i gidi Gin 1/2 cac quic gia tren thi gidi da xay dyng co chi dam bao chit lupng GD OH vong 1-2 thap ki gin day Cac kit qua nghien cuu da li giai vin de nhu sau: • Do sy banh trudng cua he thong GD OH, hien tai cd nhiiu loai hinh co sd dao tao khac nhau, qui md khac cung cip GD OH bao gom: co sd dao tao cong lap, tu thuc, giao due xuyen bien gidi va cac to chuc giao due tu xa • Toan cau hda cung mang din sy gia tang gian lan khoa hpc dupe vi nhu 'Xudng san xuat bing cip', 'Cac nha cung cap mpt dem', 'Co sd dao tao ma' hoac 'Gian lan bing cip' Diiu dat yeu ciu co cac ca sd thim djnh chit lupng that d l co t h i cung cip bing chung tin cay khoa hpc thong qua su dung cac phuong phap dam bao chit lupng • Chit lupng cua cac co sd GD OH da va dang ganh chju nhung kho khan kinh t i va viec uu tien phat triin giao due co ban Do vay dat ki vong Idn v i cac co chi dam bao chit lupng se tri kiim tra va nang cao chit lupng • Dam bao chit lupng gin kit vdi viec huy dpng chuyen gia va gia tang so lupng cac qua trinh hpi nhap giua cac vung nude va quoc t l Dieu dat yeu ciu doi vdi viec co co chi hieu qua cong nhan chuyen mon va tyu GD OH giua cac nude boi canh toan ciu hoa Cac hudng nghien ciru v l vln d l chu trpng dam bao chit lupng cua cac co sd GD DH va trach nhiem cua nd ca d cip quoc gia va quoc t l Dam bao chit lupng cua cac co sd GD OH co hai muc tieu Idn: Kiem tra/ty chju trach nhiem va 35 Khoa hoc Giao due nang cao chat luang Kiem tra/tu chiu trach nhiem lien quan din cac qua trinh danh gia xem cac ca sd dao tao hoac chuang trinh dao tao co dap ung nhung chuin toi thieu Nang cao chit lugng xac dinh cac qua trinh phat trien nhu diem manh, dilm yiu cua co sd dao tao va cac h i trg khoa hgc cua nha trudng Vien nghien cuu k l hoach hoa giao due qudc t l (HEP) da tiln hanh mgt du an nghien cuu v i phuong phap luan va each thuc to chuc cua cac he thong dam bao chit lugng Dya tren cac kit qua nghien ciru, hg da soan thao 05 mo dun cho cac chuong trinh giao due tu xa v i "Dam bao chat luqng ngoai: NhCmg lira chon cho lanh dao cac co so GD DH" Cac khoa hgc da dugc to chuc tai bin khu vyc: Anglophone, Chau Phi nam 2006; Chau A-Thai Binh Duong nam 2007; Francophone Chau Phi va cac nude Arab nam 2008 Ngoai cung co cac khoa hgc to chuc cho tung qudc gia vdi muc tieu hd trg xay dyng he thong dam bao chit lugng hoac danh gia chit lugng cac he thong hien hanh Nghien ciru va phat trien (R&D) GD DH Sau thi chiln thu hai, moi trudng chinh tri va tai chinh cdng hd trg cho nghien cuu kha thuan Igi Cac nude phat triin, dac biet Hoa Ky rit chii trgng nghien ciru GD DH, coi la nhan t i quan trgng cho phat triin va chii yiu cac trudng OH tiin hanh cac hoat dgng R&D Sy kien 'Sputnik' da cd anh hudng Idn din canh tranh nghien cuu khoa hgc Cac chinh sach va tai chinh cdng dugc uu tien cho cac hoat dong R&D cua cac co sd GD OH Khoang each tri thirc cang co sy khac biet kha Idn giua cac nude phat triin va dang phat triin Cac nude dang phat triln thiiu cac nguon lyc tai chinh va ngudi va thiiu quan tam din cac hoat ddng R&D Hg cin tang cudng san xuit tri thirc ngi tai cung nhu thu hut tri thuc din tir cac nude khac O l tiln hanh nghien cuu va tang cudng cac nguon lyc nghien ciru, he thing cac trudng OH can dugc nang cip thong qua viec md rgng cac chuong trinh dao tao dai hgc va sau dai hgc (dao tao nghien ciru sinh) Tri thirc la yiu to quan trgng giup tang trudng kinh t l va canh tranh toan cau Tilm nang tang trudng tuong lai cua nin kinh t l tri thirc phu thudc vao kha nang san xuit tri thirc, vay can chii trgng din nhirng gia trj to Idn cac hoat dgng R&D mang lai D i u tu vao cac hoat dgng R&D gop phin tang san xuit tri thirc, din din tang trudng cua nin kinh t i 36 Kinh phi diu tu cho R&D d khu vyc tu nhan thudng dudi hinh thuc dy an - chu trgng nghien cuu irng dung thuc tiin, ngugc lai cac co sd cdng lap thudng nhin manh din cac nghien ciru co ban Cac co sd GD DH tu thuc ty diu tu cac trang thiit bi phuc vu nghien ciru khoa hgc Nhieu trudng OH ki vgng vao nhung nghien cuu lam t h i nao phat triln moi lien kit vdi cac khu vyc san xuit va cdng nghiep d l tang cudng tinh phii hgp va irng dung nhung kit qua nghien ciru, chuyln giao cong nghe va ddng gdp hthj ich vao cac he thong doi mdi quic gia Nghien ciru ve quan trj va quan li GD DH Sy banh trudng ciia GD OH mang tinh truyln thong la gin kit vdi cac trudng OH dugc cip tai chinh tir ngan sach nha nude Xu hudng hien da va dang thay doi Nha nude khdng cdn la nha tai trg ngan sach chinh va dgc quyin cho GD OH Hien cd rit nhiiu md hinh phan bo tai chinh va loai hinh cac nha cung cip tai chinh M6 hinh truyln thing phan bo true tilp tir ngan sach nha nude ddi bj thay t h i bdi cac he thong hgc tap md bao gom cac trudng DH md va cac co sd dao tao qua mang Sy phat triln cua cac dai hgc tu thuc, giao due xuyen bien gidi cung nhu sy ddng gop cua cac khu vyc ngoai nha nude gop phan tang so lugng sinh vien va md rdng GD OH Quan trj va quan li khu vyc GD DH cong lap bj nhan djnh la chua dat hieu suit va hieu qua Cin phai doi mdi cong tac quan li hudng tdi djnh hudng thj trudng GD OH Djnh hudng thj trudng va viec clt giam ngan sach nha nude buoc cac trudng OH phai chii trgng din cac nguon thu khac d i tang cudng nguon lyc O l phat triin cin chuyln giao quyin va tinh chju trach nhiem tir phia quan li (Bg, nganh) sang nha trudng/co sd dao tao dudi hinh thirc tang cudng ty chii cho cac trudng dai hgc Tang quyen ty chu ciia cac trudng cdng lap va tang cudng trach nhiem, quyin cua ngudi thyc hien khong phai la nha nude da lam thay doi moi quan he quan li va quan trj giua nha nude va cac trudng dai hgc Cac diiu kien djch vu, chit lugng h i trg va kit qua thay doi giua cac nha cung cip Noi mgt each khac, sy gia tang nhanh chdng cac nha cung cip, da dang cac loai hinh trudng, cac chuang trinh bdi cac co sd dao tao khac da dat nhung thach thirc viec quan li cua he thong Hau qua la co cau quan li mdi va cac thyc tiln quan li da dugc thyc hien d ca hai cip quan li cip cao va d nha trudng KHGD so 61, thang 10-2010 N g j U n (tu V •I UNESCO, HEP, WB da tien hanh nhu-ng nghien ciru va to chirc cac chuang trinh tap huan ITnh vyc quan trj va quan li GD DH NhCrng nam 1990, HEP va WB tap trung nghien cuu v i quan li r> cac trirdng DH cong lap, nhCrng nam gan day ho chuyen sang chu hen den cac khu vyc GD OH khac nhir: GD OH tir thuc, giao due xuyen bien gidi, cac trudng DH ao, sy thay doi cac phuang thuc tai chinh va cai to the che Khoa hoc Giao due nao (vi du cip dit hay miin thui)? (8) Cong viec quan li se dupe bo tri nhu t h i nao d i thuc diy qua trinh chuyln doi va h i trp cho viec thyc tien quan trj phu hpp? Muc dp ty chu va cac hinh thuc chju trach nhiem dupe ap dung cho phu hop? (9) Vai tro cua chinh phu qua trinh la gi? (10) Lam t h i nao d i trudng OH xay dyng dupe dpi ngu lanh dao t i t nhit? (11) Tim nhin va cac tuyen bo v i sir menh la gi, cac muc tieu cu t h i ma trudng OH cin dat dupe la gi? (12) Nhung ITnh vyc nao trudng OH dd cin phin diu dat muc xuit sic ca giang day va nghien cuu? (13) Nhom sinh vien hudng tdi la doi tupng nao? (14) Cac muc tieu quoc t i hda ma trudng dd cin phai dat dupe la gi (ve chuyen nganh, sinh vien, chuang trinh ) Nghien ciru ve xay dyng trirdng dai hgc dang cap the gidi (World Class University) Thuat ngu 'trudng OH dang cip t h i gidi' la cum tir kha quen thuoc thap ki gan day, nd khong chi mang y nghTa la cai thien chit luang hpc tap va nghien ciru GD OH ma la phat trien nang luc canh tranh moi trudng GD DH toan cau thong qua viec ITnh hdi, thich ung va sang tao tri thuc tiln bp Tuy nhien Altbach da dua mpt danh gia kha cd dpng va chuin xac ring " nghjch li ciia trirdng DH ding cip the gidi la mqi ngudi deu mudn cd trudng DH dang cip the gidi, nhwng chang biet nd la cai gi va khdng biit bing each nao di cd dugc nd" Nhirng de xuaf nghien ciru ve GD DH d> Mac du cd nhieu mau thuin va han chi ve Viet Nam phuong phap danh gia, viec xip hang cac trudng Vln d l 'Nang cao chit lugng giao due dai hoc' OH tren the gidi da trd nen biln va khd co t h i da dupe cac Dai biiu Quoc hpi thao luan tai ki hpp biln mit boi canh phat triln GD OH hien thu 7, Quoc hpi khoa XII diln vao thang 6/2010 Ol xay dung trudng dai hpc dang cip t h i gidi, cac nha khoa hoc kiln nghj cac quoc gia hay nghien Cac chu d l chinh cin dupe nghien cuu d l nang cao chit lupng GDDH Viet Nam dupe cac dai biiu ciru va giai dap nhung vln de dudi day: quoc hpi de xuit bao gom: (1) Tai cin xay dung trudng OH dang cip (1) Viec phan cip, phan quyen quan li giao due thi gidi? NhCrng Ipi ich kinh t i va gia trj gia tang ma hp mong muon la gi lap mpt trudng dao tao cho cac trudng dai hpc; (2) Viec cip phep lap cac trudng dai OH ding d p t h i gidi so vdi gia trj cua nhCrng trudng hien tai; hoc; (3) Nang cip cac trudng tir cao dang len dai (2) Tam nhin doi vdi trudng OH la gi? Vj tri ma trudng se dat dupe la gi? hoc; (3) Nha nude mong muon va cd t h i dau tu xay (4) Viec cip chi tieu tuyln sinh cua cac trudng dyng bao nhieu trudng OH dang d p t h i gidi? dai hpc; (4) Chit lupng nao la tot nhit hoan canh (5) Cac chinh sach da dang hoa loai hinh dao hien tai cua quoc gia dd; nang cip cac trudng hien tao dai hpc; hCru, sat nhap lai hay xay mdi? (6) Quy hoach, phan bo giua cac viing, miin (5) Qua trinh chpn lpc giua cac trudng se dupe giao due - dao tao; thyc hien nhu t h i nao niu each tiip can thu nhit (7) Viec gin lien GDDH va phat triin kinh t i ; va thu hai dupe lua chpn? (8) Vln de nang cao chit lupng npi dung (6) Moi quan he va sat nhap, tuang thich giua chuang trinh dao tao dai hpc; nhCrng trudng mdi vdi nhung trudng DH cu nhu (9) Viec ap dung khoa hpc, kT thuat giao thi nao? due - dao tao; (7) Sy chuyen doi nhu vay se dupe tai trp (10) Cdng tac nghien ciru khoa hpc sao? Bao nhieu % dupe chi tir ngan sach nha GDDH; nude? Phan nao se khu vyc tu nhan tai trp? (11) Chit lupng GDOH hien nay; Cac sang kiln d l cu t h i hda viec se nhu t h i KHGD so 61, thang 10-2010 37 Khoa hoc Giao due (12) Trinh dp chuyen mdn cua dpi ngu can bp giang day dai hpc; (13) Van de tang cudng kiem tra giam sat giao due - dao tao; viec lien kit dao tao chinh quy va phi chinh quy; (14) Vin d i xu li vi pham quan ly giao due - dao tao So sanh vdi nhung xu hudng nghien ciru chinh v l GD DH tren thi gidi, GD DH Viet Nam dang rit cin nhung nghien cuu co mang tinh quat chung phat triin GD OH thi gidi dong thdi cung cin co cac cong trinh nghien cuu giai quyit thuc tiin phat triln GD OH mang tinh dac thu cua Viet.Nam bdi canh hien Ng l ien PHAT TRIEN TINH HUONG (Tiep theo trang 44) thdi gian bao hanh la P, { = U] Mpt san pham phan xudng T,{ = \J) san xuit ban khdng hdng thdi gian bao hanh, nha san xuit lai L \=ljk) don vj tiln Mpt san phim phan xudng T^=TX} san xuit ban bj hong thdi gian bao hanh, nha san xuit thiet hai L {=\j) don vi tiin Tinh Ipi nhuan trung binh ban mpt san pham Md hinh bai toan: Tim doanh thu trung binh EX (tiin lai ban mpt san pham) Theo cac each phat then tinh huong nhu tren, se xay dyng dupe cac bai toan tiem can vdi CAC TAI LIEU THAM KHAO CHINH nhCrng tinh hudng that san xuit Qua dd SV "Globalization and cross-border education: hieu ring de giai quyit mpt vin d i thyc tien, cin Challenges for development of higher education phai phat hien va giai quyit khdng chi mdt bai in Commonwealth countries" Paper prepared for toan Giang vien cin blc nhjp tu cac bai toan the 17th Conference of Commonwealth Education thdng tdi cac van de thyc tien, cin ren luyen cho Ministers Vice-Chancellors' Forum, Kuala Lumpur, SV kha nang phat triln bai toan thyc tiin tu tinh Malaysia, 15-19 June 2009 huing thyc te Viec lam nen dupe tiln hanh N.V Varghese GATS and Transnational thudng xuyen t i t ca cac phan mon Toan, Mobility in Higher Education In: Global Education dac biet la cac phan mdn toan ung dung Research Reports New York: Institute of International Education (HE), and the American Institute for Foreign TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Study Foundation (AIFS), 2009 Blekman I l.,Muskix A.D., Panovko la.G Toan M Martin Equity and quality assurance: a hoc ung dung Ngudi djch: Tran Tat Thing NXB marriage of two minds 2009 New Trends in Higher Khoa hpc kT thuat Ha Npi, 1985 Education series Paris: IIEP-UNESCO, forthcoming Bp GD&OT, Chuong trinh giao due thong R Martinez; I Kitaev Entrepreneurialism cap THPT, NXBGD, 2006 and internationalization of higher education in a Nguyln Ba Kim, Phuong phap day hoc mdn knowledge society In: M Shattock (Ed.) 2009 Toan, NXB OHSP, 2006 Entrepreneurialism in universities and the knowledge Bui Huy Ngpc, Tang cudng khai thac noi dung economy: diversification and organizational change thue te day hoc so hoc va dai so nhim nang cao in European higher education' Berkshire: Society nang luc van dung toan hoc vao thuc tiin cho hoc for Research into Higher Education (SRHE) & Open sinh trung hoc co so Luan an tiin sT giao due hpc University Press, in association with IIEP/UNESCO Trudng Dai hpc Vinh, 2006 Jamil Salmi Challenges in developing the world Hoang Phe (chu bien), Tudien Tieng Viet, Trung class university The World bank, 2009 tam Tu dien va Ngon ngu, Ha Npi, 1992 Nguyln Ngpc Thing, Nguyln Dinh Hoa, Quy http://www.na.gov.vn/htx/Vietnamese/?Newid= hoach tuyen tinh, NXB Dai hpc Quic gia Ha Npi, 2004 39596#1BBk4QrpntlW SUMMARY SUMMARY According to the author lecturers could develop This article presents main focuses in higher the ability to transform a real situation into real education studies, those are globalization and higher exercise by students by approaches: looking at education, R&D in higher education, privatization in real situations from various perspectives, developing HE, HE management and world class universities real situations into real exercises with new theoretical The author proposes some topics for HE research in approaches, extending the real situations; these areas very important in applied Mathematics Vietnam in the current time 38 n i2 KHGD so 61, thang 10-2010 ... pham phan xudng T,{ = \J) san xuit ban khdng hdng thdi gian bao hanh, nha san xuit lai L \=ljk) don vj tiln Mpt san phim phan xudng T^=TX} san xuit ban bj hong thdi gian bao hanh, nha san xuit thiet... quoc gia da va dang khuyen khich giao due xuyen bien gidi de san xuat nhung sinh vien tot nghiep dap ung yeu cau chat luqng Trong qua trinh nay, giao due xuyen bien gidi trd cong cu quan trqng cua... tao cong lap, tu thuc, giao due xuyen bien gidi va cac to chuc giao due tu xa • Toan cau hda cung mang din sy gia tang gian lan khoa hpc dupe vi nhu ''Xudng san xuat bing cip'', ''Cac nha cung cap