''''"^^^^ • f B W S * * " ^ ^ II HU(iNG DAN O U A N LV, SLT DUNG KHAI THAC KENH HINH CUA SACH GIAO KHOA i ? TRONG DAY HOC HOA HOC PHO THONG SGK hda hoe cung cap cho hpe sinh (HS) he thdng kien thfle cd b[.]
'"^^^^ II HU(iNG DAN O U A N LV, SLT • fBWS**"^^ DUNG KHAI THAC KENH HINH CUA SACH GIAO KHOA i? TRONG DAY HOC HOA HOC PHO THONG TS.DirongHuyCan TrUdng Dai hgc Dong Thdp SGK hda hoe cung cap cho hpe sinh (HS) he thdng kien thfle cd bin, hiln dai bao gdm khii niem, djnh luat, qui tic, nhflng sfl kien, nhflng hien tfldng cua khoa hpe hoi hpe d mflc dp phd thdng; Gdp phan hinh thinh cho HS phfldng phip hpc tip tich cfle, ning tfl hpc, tfl nghien cflu, hinh thinh vi phat triln ki nang thfle hinh thi nghiem, lim bii tip; Giup HS cd tbI tfl kilm tra, tfl dinh gii kit qui hpc tip, tfl tra cflu, tham khio kiln thfle SGK dflde coi li cdng cu tin ciy, ed tinh thuylt phuc cao ddi vdi HS, giup tim kilm thdng tin chinh xie, phu hpp vdi trinh dp nhin thfle efla HS; SGK giup giio vien (GY) dinh hfldng de cii tiln ddi mdi phflPng phip day hpc, thilt kl bii day, td chfle dilu khiln boat ddng hpc tip vi dinh gii kit qui hpe tip eua HS Trong SGK hda hoc, ngoii kinh chfl ngudn thdng tin cua bii hpe thi kinh hinh gifl vai trd quan trpng khdng kem cic bii hda hpc Sd Iflpng cie hinh inh phong phu cd the bao gdm cic loai: tranh, inh, hinh ve; md hinh; sP dd, bieu do, bin dd, bing sd lieu; hinh inh thi nghiem Trong cic hinh inh dxioc trinh biy SGK chung ta cd thi khai thic sfl dung hai chfle ning eua cic hinh inh niy li minh hpa cho ndi dung bai hpe vi mang thdng tin kiln thfle eua bii hpe Chfle nang minh hoa: (gdm hai loai hinh inh^ Cic hinh inh minh hpa thfl nhat dit d diu cic chflpng nhfl Miy dien phin nflde (Chfldng Hidro'Nfldc, Hda hpc 8); D.I Men-de-leep, But tich vl sfl sip xIp cie nguyin td cua D.I Men-dlle-ep (Chfldng Phi kim- Sd Iflpc ve bing tuin hoin cie nguyin td hda hpe, Hda hpc 9); Khi thoit tfl nui lfla ed ehfla hpp chat lflu huynh dioxit (.Chflpng Nhdm oxi, Hda hpjc 10); Nha miy phin dam Phu My (Chfldng Nhdm nitd, Hda hpc 11); Ci la ngudn thtic pham giau protein (Chfldng Amin Amino axit Protein, Hda hpe 12); Cic hinh inh niy cd y nghia gidi thieu mdt thdng tin lien he vdi kiln thfle chfldng di md dau eho sfl tim bilu, hoc tip ndi dung cua chfldng Yi du hinh inh: D.I Men-dele-ep But tich vl sfl sip xep cie nguyen td eua D.I Mendl-le-ep (Chfldng Phi kimSd Iflpc vl bing tuan hoan cie nguyen td hda hpc, Hoa hpc 9) Tfl hinh inh tren GV cung cap eho HS mdt sd thong tin vl nhi bie hpc Nga D.I Men-de-le-ep Tin cua ong la Dimitri Ivanovic Mendeleep sinh ngiy 27/1/1834 vi mat ngiy 20/1/1907 Cdng trinh khoa hpe vi dai cua ong 1^ phit minh dinh luat tuin hoin eic nguyen td hoi hoc GY cho HS biet: Cho du each phit bilu eua dinh luat vdi eieh phit bilu eua Men-de-le-ep nim 1869 co khic nhflng tinh than ed ban cua dinh luat van li tinh chat tuin hoin Hiln gpi ten Bing tuan hoin eic nguyen td hoi hpc (thay vi Bing tuin hoin Men-de-le-ep) \d cong trinh di dflpc nhilu nhi khoa hpc nghiln cflu bd sung hoan thien, nhflng cdng trinh efla Men-de-le-ep van gifl nguyen y nghia, gii tri khoa hpc Nhii vay, thdng qua hinh inh nay, (Nhin bii ngiy 15/8/2011) 18 • TAP CHi THifT BI GIAO DMC- Sd 74 -10/2011 ^^^^•DH HUI^NG DAN O U A N L Y , sir DUNG GV cung cap thdng tm cho HS cd y nghia to Idn ve giao due tinh lich sfl day hpe hda hpc Cic hinh inh minh hpa thfl hai cic bii hpc nhfl Am dun bang nhdm Bin bing gd, Binh bang chat dio, Binh bang thep (Bii Chat, Hda hpc 8); Glucozd cd nhilu qui nho chin (Bii 50 Glucozd, Hda hpc 9); Sin xuat td tim, Khai thic mu ciy cao su (Bii 53 Protein, Hda hpc 9); Thip hap thu SO3 sin xuit axit sunfiiric (Bii 45 Hdp chit ed oxi eua lflu huynh Hda bpc lONC); Mdt sd dd sfl din dyng; Nhi miy xi ming Hii Phdng (Bii 23 Cdng nghiep siUeat, Hda hpc IINC); Rflng ciy vi bdng li nhflng ngudn rung cap xenlulozd (Bii iCenlulozd, Hda hpc 12NC; lat ci nhflng hinh inh niy aiiup lim rd hdn, hinh inh hda mdt cich cu thi cho nhflng thdng tin qua kinh chfl nhd dd giup HS tilp can ndi dung bii hpc, thu nhin thdng tin mot cich thuan Ipi vi vflng chic hdn Yi du hinh inh: Mdt sd dd sfl din dung (Bii 23 Cdng nghilp silicat, Hda hpc INC) HS quan sit hinh de nhin cic loai dd sfl din dung, phin bi|t vdi sfl ki thuat hay vdi d6 dung khic nhfl cde, ehen, dia tring men Chfle nang mang thdng tin ki^n thfle: (gdm cic loai hinh anh) Cic hinh inh vl thi nghiem hda hpe: chilm sd Ifldng nhilu nbit nhfl Kem phin flng vdi axit clohidric (Bii 13 Phin flng hda hpe, Hda hpc 8); Photpho, sit ehiy oxi (Bii 24 Tinh chat efla oxi, Hda hpc 8); Dilu chi hidro Khi hidro ehiy khdng (Bii 33 Dilu chi hidro Phin flng thi, Hda hpe 8); Anh hfldng thinh phan cic chat mdi trfldng den sfl in mdn kim loai (Bii 21 Sfl in mdn kim loai, Hda hpe 9); Phin flng thi eua metan vdi elo (Bii 36 Metan, Hda hpe 9) vdi sfl hfldng dan eua GY HS quan sit cic hinh inh thi nghiim niy, cd thi nlu nhin xet vl hiln tflpng, kit qui thi nghiem vi tfl dd rut kiln thfle cua bii hpe mi HS cin ghi nhin Vi du tbi nghiem: Anh hfldng thinh phin cic chat mdi trfldng den sfl in mdn kim loai (Bii 21 Sfl in mdn kim loai, Hda hpe 9) (hinh 1) HS quan sit hinh inh thi nghiem bilt dflpc dinh sat bi in mdn chim nflde cd hda tan oxi, bi in mdn nhanh dung dich mudi in, edn khdng khd vi nflde cat khdng bi in mdn Tfl dd mi rflt bien phip dl bio vl, chdng in mdn kim loai vi cic vit dung lim bing kim loai II M*i«