auim Ll giAo pyc GHAT LUONG DDI NGU GIAO VIEN GIAO DUC CONG DAN CAP TRUNG HOC PHD THONG HfEN NAY THUD TRANG VA GIAI O TS NGUYEN TH! TOAN" Xu the doi mai giao dye (GD) dqt ra yeu cau moi ve pham chat,[.]
auim Ll giAo pyc GHAT LUONG DDI NGU GIAO VIEN GIAO DUC CONG DAN CAP TRUNG HOC PHD THONG HfEN NAY - THUD TRANG VA GIAI O X u the doi mai giao dye (GD) dqt yeu cau moi ve pham chat, nang lijc cua nguoi giao vien (GV), c6 GV Giao dye cong dan (GDCD) Viec danh gia dung thi/c trqng, nguyen nhan va tim nhCfng gidi phap cdn ban nang cao cha't lirang doi ngu GV GDCD chinh la de nang cao cha't lirong DH mon GDCD nhd hvomg trung hoc thong (THPT), gop phan quan cho viec G D nhiJng cong dan (CD) chan chinh cho dot nuoc TS NGUYEN TH! T O A N " nghe nghiep Bp GD-DT ban hdnh Muon hoan ihanh nhiem vu GDCD, tnjochet, nguai GVGDCD phai la mot cong dan chan chinh Thyc trgng dpi ngu G V cap THPT hi^n 1} Ve so luong: theo so' lieu thong Ice cua Bo GD-DT, toi nam 2010, a cop THPT c6n thi^u 1339 GV dpy GDCD tren 38 tinh, thdnh pho' (binh qudn tren cd nude eon thieu tren 2000 GV GDCD cap THPT) Ti te GV day GDCD khong dung chuyen ngdnh chiem tren 15% De gidi quyet tinh trqng V a i tro cua mon G D C D v a G V GDCD thieu GV GDCD, mot so' dja phuemg dd dieu dpng n h a tnrdng trung hpc thong (THPT) GV ede mon khde sang day GDCD (thudng Id M o i mon hpc c6 vol tro khac viec nhung G V thupc dien yeu kem, doi du, thieu gia hinh nhan each CD Trong cac mon hpc, d bo mon khde, GV ehu nhiem, bd qudn li mon GD cong dan c6 vai tro quan trpng vao viec hope GV mon khde) Trong nam trd Ipi day, phat trien tam lye - mot to eo ban cua nhan nguon cung G V GDCD doi ddo hon trudc ede eaeh.E)ay la mot mon hoc giOvi tri chuchot trudng DHSP md rpng quy mo, ngdnh DT, dan viec hinh cho HS nhimg pham chat va ndng tdi tinh trqng nguae Igi: thua vd thieu GV GDCD lye can thiet cua nguai CD thoi dpi moi cue bp Dpi ngu G V la !yc lupng cot can viec bien 2) Ve trinh chuyen mon theo Chuan, cae mye tieu GD hien thuc, giCr vol tro quy^t CCJng theo so' lieu bdo cdo tren, eo 14,5% GV dinh cha't luong v6 hiSu qu6 GD Trong d o , GV GDCD xep lopi tot, 61,3% xep lopi khd, 23,4% GDCD la nha GD, bfing chinh nhan each cua minh xep loqi trung binh, 0,4% GV GDCD xep loqi tac dpng ti'eh eye den viec hinh nhan each yeu ve trinh chuyen mon So' lieu ndy lieu dd HS Thong quo mon GDCD cung eae hoqt dong khdch quan? Tren thyc te, qua y kien trao dd'i vdi GD, G V GDCD c6 nhiem vu b6i duong t h ^ gioi cdc GV, lanh dao nhd tnrong vd can bp chi dpo quan Idioa hpc, nhan sinh quan each mqng cho chuyen mon cua Sa GD- DT thi ti le GV xep lopi HS; giijp HS hieu dupe noi dung, vai tro, f nghTo trung binh ve chuyen mon cao hon nua euo nhOng chudn mye dao di/e, phap lupt co ban, 3) Danh gia chung ve chat tuang doi ngu buoc dau CO tu mot ve thoi dpi, ve cupe dau tranh giCra eai tien bp vd eai Ipe hqu tr€n eae GV GDCD cap THPT Mat tich cue: - Do dpc thu n g h l nghiep, tuyet phixong dien cua doi song; giup HS hinh phuang phap ft/ khoa hoc, c6 IcT ndng nhan dpi da so GV mon GDCD c6 pham chat chinh tri, dao due tot, cd tinh than irdch nhiem vdi nghe, b i l t , danh gia va hdnh dpng phu hop vol cac chuan muc xd hoi; HS c6 niem tin va y thuc fuan gdn bd vdi nghe DH, cd y thuc to' chuc ki ludt tot, //lu cdccAuon mye AH, CO hodi bao If tudng vuem CO y thuc g i u gin phd'm chat, danh d y , uy tin nhd giao Id td'm guong cho HS noi theo - Ve ndng toi cdc g i d tri Chan, Thien, MT luc tim hieu doi tuang va moi truung GD, mot so' V o i vai tro quan trpng nhu tren, GV GDCD * Tnrdng Bar hpc sir plum Hi N^i can c6 day dO nhung pham ehd't dqt toi chudn Tap chi Slao due $6 (ki • 12/aoii) GV vuo DH vCra Idm cong tde kiem nhiem nen cd di^u kien thugn lai d e g a n g u i , g d n bo vol MS ; - Ve ndng ii/c DH: nhin chung, GV dd nfim dupe vd truyen dot duoc tdi HS nhQng ndi dung kl^n rtiue CO bdn, khdng sal sdt Mdt sd' GV d d co gdng cap nhdt npl dung tri thuc mdl, tIen ti^n, tich eye dd"l moi PPDH, su dyng phuong tiSn DH hien dpi, dem Iql sy hop dSn cho b$ mdn ; - Ve ndng luc GD: Do ddc thu mdn hpc, ngodi viec truyen thy tri thuc, GV GDCD dd quan tdm tdi viec GD tu tudmg ehinh trj, dqo due, Id'i song cho HS Mot so tiS't day dem Iql sy thu thyc sy cho HS vi su hd'p don cua tri thuc; - V^ ndng luc hoat ddng chinh tri - xa hoi: GV dqy GDCD Idm c6ng tdc kiem nhl§m dd phot huy khd td'f vol trd cua minh cdc iTnh vuc chinh tr! (cdng tdc dodn th^, phy nu) Mdt sd'GV GDCD cd uy tin dd dupe tin nhiem bdu giu chuc vy ISnh dpo BGH nhd trudng ; - VS ndng luc phat trien nghe nghiep: Phan Idn GV GDCD d4u e6 Idng tu trpng, muon ty khdng dinh mtnh, cd mong muon dupe DT, bol dudng cd he thong de ndng cao trinh dp chuyen mdn nghiep vy nham ddp ung yeu edu ngdy cdng cao cua sy nghiep GD- DT Mat hgn che: • Ve ndng luc DH: ngoqi tru mdt sd' GV gidi, kien thuc chuyen mdn cua GV GDCD nhieu hon che, bd't cap: van cdn tinh trpng GV chua ndm vung nhCmg khdi mem co bdn cua chu nghTa Mac - Lenin, dpo due cdng ddn, phdp ludt ; vSn su dyng kien thuc Iqc hqu, loi thdi; le thupc vdo gido dn, SGK, khdng ddm md rpng, ndng cao hoy lien he thyc te ; - Ve phuemg phap, phuong tien DH: GV GDCD van su dyng PP thuyet trinh truyen tho'ng Id chu yeu Khd ndng su dyng cdng nghe thong tin h-ong DH cdn yeu Phdn Idn GV chi si} dyng PP, phuong tien DH tien tien hot gidng ; - Ve ndng luc GD: mot so' GV GDCD moi dung d viec truyen thy kien thuc ca bdn md coi nhe hope bd qua chuc ndng GD chinh trj, tu tudng, dpo due, Id'l song; - Ve tinh yeu nghe nghiep: mdt so G V chua todn tdm todn y cho viec ren luyen ndng coo trinh dp chuyen mdn nghiep vy, doi moi PPDH hodc phdl Idm them cdc n g h l phy de tdng thu nhdp, kblln cho thdi gian ddu tu cho chuyen mdn gidm xud'ng Nhung hqn che tren Id nguyen nhdn khien cho g i d GDCD thieu sue hap dan dd'i vol da sd' HS Ve dp thu eua HS dd'i vdi mdn hpc, mdn GDCD chi xep thu / mdn hpc Nhieu HS cho rdng mdn hpc ndy khd khan, khd hieu 4} Nguyen nhdn cua nhQng hqn chi': a) Nhijng bat cap nhan //lUC ve vai trd, vi tri cOa man GDCD vd GV GDCD Mdn GDCD vfi GV GDCD chua duoc d^i xi> cdng bdng (Id mdn cd thdi gian hoc it nhdt, Iql thudng bjedtxen ); b) Nhung b6t cgp CT-SGK GDCD cap THPT: qua tdi, hdn Idm, ndng li thuylt, nhe thye hdnh; cdn mang ddm tinh chinh trj, chua cap nhqt; c) Co sd vat chd't, trang thiet bf DH ngh^ nan, dan dieu vd lac hqu; d) Bat cap cxjche DT, tvyS'n c/yng vd boi duang CV CiX^D: Nhiem vy DTGV GDCD cd'p THPT chu y^u khoa GD chinh tr! (GDCT) ci5a cdc trudng DHSP ddm nhiem, nhung gdn day i6 luong thi sinh ddng ki vdo trudng SP it vd ch^t lupng ddu vdo thap 6ch t(Se tu ddu (cdng tdc tuyen dyng GV chua ddm bdo dupe tieu chi cdng bdng, cdng khol, minh bpch Cdng tdc b6i dudng GV GDCD cung nhieu bd't c d p ; d) Bat cap chi diinh sach doi vai GV GDCD So vdi GV cdc mdn khoc, GV GDCD vd GV T h i dye eo muc thu nhdp binh qudn thd'p nhdt (3 trieu dong/thdng) vd hau nhu khdng cd thu nhdp khde ngodi luong M d t so' g i d i p h d p nang coo chd'l lupng d p i ngu G V G D C D cap 7WPT 1} Doi mai nhan thi/c XH vi vai trd, vj In cua man GDCD va CV GDCD nha / r u d n g Viec ndng coo nhdn thuc XHvevi tri, vai trd cua dpi ngu GV GDCD d cdc tn/dng THPT se too moi trudng XH thudn Ipi vd dpng luc tinh than to Idn de phdt huy tiem ndng cua GV GDCD Can tpo sy chuyen bien dong bd nhqn thuc cua Ddng uy, BGH, cdn bd cdng nhdn vien nhd trudng, HS vd phy huynh ve vj tri, vai trd cua mdn GDCD vd GV dpy GDCD Chu cdc hoqt dpng thdng tin tuyen truyen nhSm thay doi nhdn thuc, thdi dp ung x u cua XH doi v6i mdn GDCD vd GV dpy GDCD Tdng eudng neu guong song dien hinh, khich le GV GDCD phfl'n ddu de tu khdng dinh minh Kien quyet chong cdn benh thdnh tich G D - mot nguyen nhan dan toi viec coi thudng GDCD, GD dpo due, loi song, phdn biet mdn chinh mdn phy, dan tdi si/ dd'i x u bd't binh ddng giua GV mdn chinh vd GV mdn phy Gia dinh, nhd trudng vd XH eon pnoi hop chdt che G D HS, gidm bdt gdnh nang cho GV GDCD dong thdi ndng cao hiSu qua cOa viec GDCD cho HS 2) D6i mai dinh huang xay dvng va phal triin CTSGK GDCD cap THPT b^i canh Tap chi Giao due so (ki a • la/aoiji hql nhdp quae /d'theo hudng gidm GD chinh Trudng DHSP phdi di ddu hoqt ddng tri, tdng G D dpo due vd kT ndng song; gidm li doi mai PPDH Khdng the doi hdi GV pho' thdng thuyet, tdng thyc hdnh De trdnh nhdm chdn, tnjng dd'i mdi phuong phdp bdn than nhung ngudi lap, Idng phi ve thdi gian, cdng sue cua thdy vd thdy cua thdy su dung PPDH lac hou Vi vdy, cdn trd, nen chuyen mdt so' phdn kien thuc cua mdn chu trpng doi mdi cdng tdc DT, bdi dudng doi GDCD \%n bde cao hon a cdc trudng chuyen ngu gidng vi&n khoa GDCT, hodn thign khung CT nghiep CT nen xooy quonh true GD dpo due, kT DTGV GDCD, Ndi dung trpng tdm eua mdn ndng song vd phdp ludt CT cung nen tdng cudng GDCD phdi Id GD tu tudng, dpo due, GD kT ndng cdc hoqt ddng ngopi khod de viec GDCD di vdo song SV ngdnh GDCD cdn dupe hoe sdu hon ve thyc tien, tdng hieu qua ren kT ndng, thdi dp cho Dqo due hoc, dqo due Ho Chi Minh, dqo due HS cua bp mon ndy CT- SGK GDCD can dupe nghe nghiep, dqo due CD Ddc biet, nen dqy xdy dyng fheo hudng tiep can phot t r i l n , xud't v l Chudn nghe nghiep nhd gido, Chudn ddu phdt tu ndng lye cdn eo, tu nhung yeu edu cua cua SVSP d l SV ed hudng phdn ddu ngoy h> cupe song hien tqi vd tuang lai eua HS, ddt nude, hpc trudng SP Cdn xdc djnh ti le cdn dd'i nhdn loqi GDCD Id GD U% gid tri truyen thong giijo DT tri thuc chuyen mon vd ren luyen nghiep vd hien dpi cho HS xooy quanh true gid tri: gid vy SP, tdng eudng thdi gian thyc te phd' thdng, tri bdn than; gid trj gia dinh; gid tri ddn tdc; gid d u g i d , tap gidng, duo li thuyet xud'ng thuc tien tri todn edu; gid trj chung eua nhdn lopi PT nhieu hon de SV khong b d ngd trudng 3) Dd'i mai cong tac quy hoqch phat trien doi ngu GV GDCD Cdc Sd GD- DT rd sodt lai doi ngu GV GDCD, d y boo tinh hinh phdt trien HS THPT tung ndm vd 5-10 nam tdi, nhu edu ve so' trudng, so' lop, so' GV gidm ty nhien (ve huu, chuyen cong tde, thdi viec), tu d d dy bdo nhu edu phdt trien GV hjng gioi doan de cdc trudng SP chu dpng h-ong DTGV, khde phue hien tuang khung hodng thua hodc thieu GVGDCD 4} Nang cao chat luqng cong tac DTGV GDCD tqi cac trudng DHSP Day Id cdng tdc quan trpng, cd y nghXa quyet djnh chd't luong dpi ngu GV GDCD Cdc trx/dng DHSP cdn chu trpng khdu huang nghiep: cung cd'p nhSng thdng tin day du ve trudng, khoa, mdn hpc, sd' lupng tuyen sinh, cong viec chinh sou SV tot nghiep, nhu edu eua XH, eua dja phuong Cdc trudng THPT cung cdn cd bd phdn chuyen trdch viec hudng nghiep, tu vd'n nghe nghiep cho HS, giup HS cd nhung hieu biet ca bdn ve nghe DH Bdn than thdy cd phdi Id td'm guong sinh d p n g , co sue thuyet phye, cam hdo cao nhdt dd'i voi HS, thu hut HS vdo trudng SP Ben eqnh d d , ede phuemg tien thdng tin dqi chung, gia dinh, nhd trudng, cdc to' chuc, dodn the XH cd the tdc ddng den HS, g i u p HS hieu biet sdu sdc hon vd ed tinh cam tot dep hon ve nghe DH vd mdn GDCD Dpc biet, cdc tinh nen cd d y bdo quy hopeh G V , dqt hdng voi cdc trudng SP de SV trudng cdviee Idm Chinh sdch ndyse thu hut SV vdo trudng SP nhieu hon Tap chi Giao due s6 (ki a • la/aon) Trudng DHSP ed the dp dyng hinh thuc DT lien ngdnh Van - GDCD, Su - GDCD vi nhung uu the: GV cd phdng kien thuc sdu rpng, van dyng vdo dpy GDCD se khien cho g i d hpc hd'p ddn hon; nhd trudng PT ed the dieu phdi GV mot each linh hoqt, khde phye tinh trpng thieu hope thua GV 5) Doi mai che dp, chinh sach doi vai GV GDCD Di GV ndi chung, GV GDCD ndi rieng todn tdm todn y vdi nghe, cdn ed che dp tien luong hop li, tinh chu yeu rfieo hieu qud cdng viec chu khdng phdi theo thdm men cdng tdc Chinh phu nen tdng phy cap cho GV GDCD nhu gidng vien dqy Li ludn chtnh trj tqi ede trudng chuyen nghiep Nhd trudng nen sdp xep, bd' tri cho GV GDCD kiSm cdng tdc chu nhiem lop, mdt mat de GV hieu HS hon, tu dd ndng coo hon chdt luqng DH GDCD, mdt khde tqo them thu nhdp cho GV GDCD vd tdng vj the cua GV GDCD nhd trudng 6) Ra sodt lai chat luqng dqi ngu GV GDCD, mgnh dan tinh giam bien chi nhi/ng GV chua du chuan Viec tinh gidn biSn che cdn mgnh d g n , kien quyet song Ipi phdi mem dec vi dd'i tuang tinh gidn Id ngudi tri thuc, gidu Idng ty trpng, de nhqy cdm, de ton thuang Bdi vdy, ehinh sdch tinh gidn bien che 132 cua Chinh phu d d rd't hop tinh hop li gidi quyet che dp cho GV ve huu sdm khdng cdn du ti§u chudn dung lop Ben cpnh d d , mdt so GV chua du tudi de gidi quyet che dp theo Nghj quyet 132 thi cdn sdp xep cho ho song Idm cdng viec khde hope di hpc de ndng coo trinh dp Kien quyet khdng d l nhiJng GV k6m chd't lupng van duoc phdn ndng cao chd't lupng G D nhiJng CD chdn d u n g tr§n bye gidng chinh cho ddt nude D l hodn thdnh nhi^m vu 7} Dd'i moi cdng tac tuyin di/ng GV GDCD ndy, edn t l l n hdnh nhffng gidi phdp ddng bp theo tieu chi cdng khal, cdng b^ng vd ddn chu mang tinh khd thi, tu khdu quy bopch phdt trien Cdng tdc tuyIn dyng dOng quy trinh, ddm bdo ddi ngO tdi khdu DT, tuyIn d y n g , bdi dudng GV, ve sd lupng, co edu, trinh d d , too t l l n d l ban ti> ddi mdi nhdn thuc tdi dd'i mdi e h l d d , chinh ddu d l phdt huy t l l m ndng, too ddng lye cho cdc sdch dd'i vdi G V GDCD Song vuot l6n tdt cd, cd nhdn phd'n dd'u Vl&c tuyIn dyng cdn phdl mdi GV GDCD phdl ty dd'i m d i , tu hodn thfSn quo cudc thi cdng chi>c chu khdng the chi dyo minh d l d d p ung yeu edu ngdy cdng cao cOa vdo hd so Cu^c thi ndy phdl gdm cdc ndi dung cdng tdc G D - D T a CO bdn: - Gidng t i l t tr6n Idp (bdc thdm mdt sd' tiet gidng ndi dung quy djnh), nhdn he so, Tdi li$u tham klido - Thi ngopi ngCr (nghe, ndi, dpc, vilt) gdn vdi n^t t BO GD-DT S6 li$u di£u tra dOi ngO gi^o vien Giio dung chuyen ngdnh dupe DT; - Thi tin hpc vdi dgc cOng dfln tren 38 tinti Ihbnti n3m 2010 nhCrng ndi dung co bdn: ddnh mdy vdn bdn, Idm Mai Vfln Binh (tdng chO biCn Iciem chu biftn) - Le phdn mem de phye vy cho qud trinh sopn gido Thanh H i - Nguyfin Thj Thanh Mai - Lim Thu Thuy dn didn tu, Idm diem, qudn If hd so DH Gi^o due cdng dfln 10 NXB Gido d{ic H 2009 Trudc thi fuyin, cdn cdng khoi so' luong Mai Win Binh (tdng chu biSn ki£m chu bifin) tuyen, hinh thuc thi tuyIn vdi nhung yeu edu ey Ph^m van Hiing - Ph^m Thanh PhO'- VQ Hdng Titfnthe, ro rdng, duo thdng tin ISn mpng trudc it Phi van Thuc Gi^o due cdng dftn U NXB Gidodifc, nhdt mot thdng de mpl ngudi quan tdm deu duoc H2009 biet Cudc thi ndy phdi dupe to chuc cdng khal, Mai van Binh (tdng chu bifin) - Tr4n Van Vaiag duo len mpng de mpl ngudi quan tdm dupe (chu bien) - Pham Kim Dung - Vuong Thj Thanh Mai - NguySn Thj Xuftn Mai Gido due c6ng dan 12 NXB chung k i l n nhdm hqn che tdi da nhung tieu eye Gido dtic H 2009 t u y I n d y n g , tqo dieu kien tot nhdt de thi Nguyfin Van Ca "Mijt sti bien phAp khSc phifC sinh cpnh tronh cdng bdng, cd ca hdi lua chpn di^m khd dsiy hpc Gido due cOng dan a tnrcmg cdng viec xung ddng vdi ndng lye vd nhu edu THPT" 7p/j cAi Gido due sd 240, ki 2/ihang 6/2010 cua minh Tu d d , ede trudng cung tuyen duoc Dinh Van Due - Duong Thuy Nga (ddng chij bien) nhung GV gidi de ndng cao chdt lupng dpi ngu Phurnig phdp day hpc mOn Gido d u e cdng d&n GV, chd't lupng GD t r u d n g T H P T NXB Dgi fiQC sir pham Hd /V