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^ THUC TIEN GIAO D U C , MOT SO VAN DE CO RAN VE DAO TAO NGHE CHO LAO DONG NONG THON TINH DINH THUAN Binh Thuan 11 mdt tinh duydn hl i Nam Tmng bd gi ip bi ln Odng vdi dddng bd bi ln d i i 192km, didn[.]
^ THUC TIEN GIAO D U C , MOT SO VAN DE CO RAN VE DAO TAO NGHE CHO LAO DONG NONG THON TINH DINH THUAN TS NGUYEN PHAN HUNG Tnidng Cao ding Cdng ddng Binh Thuin Binh Thuan 11 mdt tinh duydn hli Nam Tmng bd giip biln Odng vdi dddng bd biln d i i 192km, didn tich tu nhidn 7,830km', d i n sd trung binh 1.180.000 ngudi, khu vife ndng thdn cd 705.660 ngudi, chilm 59,8% Nhdng n i m gan day, lao dpng nien td ndng thdn chuyin sang lim vide d c khu edng nghidp, thuong mai djch vu v i ngoii tinh ngiy d n g nhilu, lao dpng edn lai d ndng thdn phin Idn ehda qua dio tao Do viy, mudn chuyin biln b i n vdng nin kinh t l eda ttnh thi phli phit triln khu vife kinh t l ndng thdn Oilu dd ddi hdi d n phli d i u tu dteh ding edng tie d i o tao nghi cho lao ddng ndng thdn nhlm d i p dng nhu clu ehuyin djch eo d u kinh t l , co elu lao ddng, CO clu nginh nghi gdp phin edng nghidp hda, hidn dai hda ndng nghidp, ndng thdn Hoat dpng dao tao n g h i cho lao ddng ndng thdn Binh Thuan Thde hidn O l I n d i o tao nghi eho lao ddng ndng thdn tinh Binh thuan d i n nam 2020, d i n trdn dja b i n ttnh ed 20 ed sd day nghe vdi d c nginh nghi nhd: May edng nghidp, Nghidp vu du Ijeh (Phue vu budng, bin, l l tan, khich san ), Trdng v l cham sde d y cao su, long; Trdng d y luong thue; Ki thuat trdng nim; Trdng rau an toin Tdng sd lao ddng ndng thdn da dio tao dupc 25,084 ngUdL Ridng thing dau nim 2011 da d i o tao dupe 6.965 ngUdi Kit q u i ed vide llm eho lao dpng ndng thdn binh quin khoing 70%, dd mdt sd n g h i die thii d dja phuong c6 ti Id vide l i m dat 95% d i n 100%' Tuy nhidn, edng tac tuyin sinh va tri Idp hpe eua d c Idp day nghi cho lao ddng ndng thdn edn gap nhilu khd khan ngudi lao ddng ehua nhan thde d l y dd v l vide hpc nghi v i vide lam ndn thudng xuydn bd hpe lim Inh hudng d i n k i t q u i day nghi Chuong trinh dao tao cua d e co sd day nghi chUa hoin chinh, ehUa d i p dng ydu clu eiia sin xult v i ddi sdng eiia dja phuang Dpi ngu d n bd gilng day edn thilu v l sd Idpng, ylu v l chit lupng v i ehda ddng bd v l eo clu Trang t h i l t bj ed dupe dau tU nhUng ehUa thife Slf ddng bd v l d i p dng dupe ydu elu, Dtfbao nhu cau day n g h i d i n nam 2020 O l khie phuc nhdng han ehl, khilm khuylt neu trdn nhlm tao ehuyin biln d n bin v i toin didn edng t i e dao tao nghi eho lao dpng ndng thdn, Binh Thuan xlc djnh du bio nhu cau v l day nghi d i n nam 2020 (xem bing 1), S^fig 1: DUbio nhu edu dio tgo nghi den nim 2020 Dan vi tinh: ngUdi DUbdo Chi tieu Kit qui thi/chien nam 2010 Nam 2015 Nam 2020 1,180,000 1,234,000 1,290,000 Dan so tuoi lao dong 744,000 850,000 971,000 Lao dong lam viic cac nginh kinh t i quoc dan 609.000 713,000 834,000 Stf lao dong qua dio tao 170520 392.150 558,780 Stf lao dpng qua dao tao nghi 80,558 182358 415,058 Din so tmng binh 28% 55% 67% Tl 1$ lao dong qua dao tao nghi 13,23% 25,60% 49,77% Nhu cau lao dong qua day nghe, do: - Nong lim ngU nghiip - Cong nghiip - Xiy dung -Thuong mai - djch vu 23,672 12.546 4,024 7,102 118,360 47,344 29,590 41,426 236,720 71,016 71,016 94.688 Ti li lao dong qua dao tao (Ngudn: Oy ban nhdn ddn tinh Binh Thudn- Di dn ddo tgo nghi cho lao ddng ndng thdn ttnh Binh Thudn din ndm 202 ' NguSn: Sd LO -TB&XH Binh ThuSn - Bao cao tinh hinh thi/c hiin cong tac dao tao nghi cho lao dong ndng thon ngiy 24/10/2011 •KHOA HQC GlAO DQC THUC TIEN GIAO DUC'i!^ Mot set dinh htfdng hoat dpng dao tao n g h i cho lao dpng ndng thdn Binh TTiuan 3.1 Quy hogch mgng lUdi casd dio tgo tren dfa bin dip Cfng nhu edu dio tgo iao dgng eho ning thdn Quy hoach va slp xep mang ludi d i o tao nhlm bd tri lai hole xiy dung mdi d e co sd d i o tao thfch hpp d d c vung kinh t l di d e eo sd d i o tao thue hidn dupc chdc ning d i o tao ngudn life dap dng vdl ydu eau nhin lUe eho sif phit triln kinh t l x l hpi eua tdng vung, tifng dja bin mpt d c h hidu q u i tdng t h i tinh BinhThuIn theo t i l n trinh chuyen djch CO clu kinh t l , xiy dung ndng thdn mdi, gdm: - Ri soit, phin cdng lai chde ning, nhidm vu dio tao ciia d c co sd d i o tao nhlm khie phue tinh trang thda, thilu, trdng lap, chdng ehdo, phin bd khdng hpp It theo linh thd, g i n vdi nhu clu sd dung, phu hpp vdl ydu elu ehuyin djch eo elu kinh t l , xiy difng ndng thdn mdi - Md rdng d e trung t i m day nghi, d c tmng t i m hpc tap cdng ddng d vdng ndng thdn d l phd elp nghi eho ndng dan nhlm thife hidn vide chuyin ddi eo d u lao dpng q u i trinh chuyin djch CO clu kinh t l - Slp nhip d e co sd d i o tao ed ehde ning nhidm vu ehdng ehdo, triing l i p - Gill t h i d c CO sd d i o tao cd chdc ning nhidm vv khdng phii hpp vdi qua trinh chuyen djch eo elu kinh t l - Bd trt ele co sd dao tao theo vung, thdi gian ho^t ddng d l cd t h i sd dung h i t edng suit hoat ddng ciia d c co sd d i o tao tren dja b i n J To chdc tuyin truyin, tuvan hgc nghi vi viic lim ddi vdi lao dgng ndng thdn - Tuydn truyin v l vai trd, vj trt cua tdng nghi nghidp ddi vdi sif p h i t triln kinh t l x l hdi den lao ddng ndng thdn thdng qua d c chuong trinh hoat ddng tu v i n n g h i nghidp Thdc hidn tuydn tmyen cho lao ddng x l hdi de thu hut ngudn nhin life v i o nhdng nginh n g h i dang thilu hut lao ddng -Tuvln eho ngudi lao ddng tUchpn nghi hpc, hinh thdc hpe t i p v i not hpc n g h i phu hpp vdi dilu kidn cda tdng ddi tuong lao ddng ehUa ed vide lim, - TU v i n v l phip lult lao ddng ed lien quan d i n d i o tao v l vide l l m d4 ngUdi lao ddng tim vide l l m sau kill hpe n g h i xong, 3.3 Thinh lip trung tim phin tich thong tin thi trudng lao ddng dethuc hiin cdng tie dufbio nhu ciu th! trudmg '"^ ' ^ " "^9 *^°" Bin canh vile sd dung ele chi sd thdng tin chung v l thi trudng lao ddng v l vide l i m nhu thdng tin v l d i n sd va life lupng lao ddng, tinh trang t h i t nghidp, phin bd lao dpng d n xay ddng d e thdng tin sau: -Thdng tin hing nam v l tinh hinh vide lim sau tdt nghidp eiia d e tmdng ehuydn nghidp theo CO elu nganh nghi d i o tao v i trinh dp dupc d i o tao d ele nginh kinh t l , d c dja phdong khie nhau, - Sd vide l i m sd dugc tao hole ed nhu clu d cie CO sd sin xult theo tdng nginh nghi, trinh dp, vung miln, -Thu nhap eda dpi ngu lao ddng dugc d i o tao d c trudng ehuydn nghidp d ele nginh nghi, khu vife kinh t l , - Khi ning tao vide l i m d dja phuang - Cae yeu td tic ddng d i n vide tang, giim clu ddi vdi tdng nginh nghi, trinh dp O l nam bat ddpc thdng tin v l thj trddng lao ddng ed t h i sd dung md hinh hd thdng thu thap thdng tin thj trudng lao dpng hinh Hinh thinh hd thdng thdng tin niy, van hinh ed tie dung: Giim sit vide van hinh eda thj tmdng lao ddng, Cung elp thdng tin cho d e e l nhin, doanh nghidp v i ele co sd d i o tao Can bing gida Ipi fch x l hpi v i chi phi d i o tao 3.4 Xay dung chuang trinh dio tgo phii hop vdi nhu edu lao ding ndng thdn va dip Cfhg yeu cdu eua nhi tuyen dung - Huy ddng sU tham gia cua d e nhi quin li, nhdng ngUdi lao dpng true t i l p d vj tri lao ddng d e elp trinh dp, d c chuydn gia cua linh vifc nginh nghi v l nhdng ein bd quin li lao ddng d d e co sd sd dung nhin ldc; ele ehuydn gia linh vife xiy dung chuong trinh dao tao v i gilo vidn, die bidt l i giao vidn day It thuylt ehuydn mdn v i thde hinh tay nghi - Quy trinh xiy difng hole ddi mdi chuong trinh d i o tao dUpe t i l n hinh td vide phin tieh nghi, phin tfch edng vide va hoat ddng eda ngUdi tdt nghiep q u i trinh hinh nghe tai vj tri lao ddng cua hp tai ele eo sd sd dung nhan lue(md hinh hoat ddng) Tren eo sd dd, xle djnh he thdng kiln thde, ki nang v i t h l i dp can thilt m i nginh, nghe ddi hdi d hp q u i trinh hanh nghe (md hinh nhin eleh ngddi lao ddng) Td xac djnh muc tieu va d e ndi dung can t h i l t phli day cho hpe sinh (md hinh d i o tao) de d i m b i o sau tdt nghidp hp cd the d i p dng dupc ydu elu eua thj trudng lao ddng v i cd the tim dupc vide llm stf 78-THANG 3/2812 •49 > ^ THUC TIEN GIAO DUC 3.5 Ning eao ning life giing dgy cho ddi ngu giio vien Trong b i t ki co sd d i o tao nio cda he thdng gilo due qude d i n , hoat ddng day hpc vin ia hoat dpng eo b i n nhlt de thuc hidn dupc mue tidu dao tao, t i t el nhdng hoat dpng khac ddpc td chdc xoay quanh nd nham hd tro va giiip cho hoat dpng day hpe gap nhilu thuan Ipi qua trinh thife hidn muc tidu Do dd, ngudn life quan trpng nhlt d l CO sd d i o tao ed t h i thifc hidn dupe chdc ning, nhidm vu eua minh l i dpi ngu gilo vidn v i can bp quin If nha tmdng Nlu CO sd dio tao cd dupc mdt dpi ngu giao vidn dap dng v l sd Idpng v i chuyen nginh cda d c nganh nghi dio tao, dupc d i o tao chuln, 6ugc thudng xuydn tap huln hing nim v l phuong phap day hpe, trang bj d c kiln thde ehuydn nganh mdi; mot dpi ngu d n bd quin It cd ning td ehde, quin It qui trinh dio tao thi co sd dio tao dd hoin toin cd t h i thde hidn hoat dpng dao tao 64 dat difoe mue tidu da d4 ra, eho dii ed su thay ddi ve muc tidu dio tao, ndi dung chuong trinh, v l ydu elu eiia eo sd sddung lao ddng, su thay ddi eda thj tmdng lao ddng Vi the, d l thuc hidn hoat dpng dao tao, d e co sd d i o tao ein tang eudng ngudn lue thi co sd d i o tao mdi cd the dap dng dupc q u i trinh chuyen djch CO clu kinh te cda ttnh nhi 3.6 Dau tudong bg trang thiit bi giing dgy CIc eo sd dao tao nghe can dUOc dau tu ele trang thilt bj giang day phue vu eho hoat dpng thuc hanh, Cac trang t h i l t bj niy can d n phli dupe dau tu theo hUdng hidn dai, ddng bd, ed Id trinh theo thd t u Uu tidn nhung phli phd hpp vdi hoin d n h thuc t l , trinh tinh trang lac hau, manh mun„ Bdn eanh dd c i n phit huy ngudn life tdng hpp eiia d c CO sd dao tao, d c eo sd tht nghidm thde hinh, eo sd nghien cifu khoa hpc trdn dja bin nhlm phit huy hidu q u i vide sd dung trang t h i l t bj v l tilt kidm kinh phfdlu tucua t o i n xa hpi cho hoat dpng d i o tao nghi cho lao ddng ndng thdn 3.7 Ting cUdng hop tic qudc tivi dio tgo lao ddng cho ndng thdn O l hd thdng d i o tao nhin life dja phuong ed t h i nhanh chdng hdi nhap qude t l , ein md rdng Hinh 1:Md hinh thu thip thong tin vi thi trudng lao ding eo thiip dung de thiit lip hi thdng thdng tin vi thi trUdng lao dgng eho tinh Binh Thugn NGU6N S6 Lieu CAU H I Oi^u tra lao ddng (1) That nghiip, c6 viic lim c6 thu nhap hoac hudng luong Ngh6 gl? Di^u tra y i u cau d i o tao (II) Yeu cau kT ning/ nghe nghiep Tfnh hiiu q u i cua cic trudng d i e tao Nhin biet nhdng cii mdi Kl nang ngh4 nghiip gl? thuc hiin cho vung nio? Nghlin cifu theo d i u vit tuong lai vdi cic CO sd d i o tao (III) Tfnh hiiu q u i cua cac trUdng d i o tao Tinh trang t h i t nghiip/ c6 viic l i m cda ngudi d i o tao sau nam theo nghe/ kl nang Ma ciia nghd nghiip Dp bio kfch bin lao dOng (IV) Cung cip lao ddng theo giio due/ ky ning/ngh4 nghiep Ma cCia nghe nghiip dung dl^u tra lao ddng hiin hinh Tinh v i qu6c gia Nghlin cdu lan theo diu v^t ngUoc (V) Tfnh hiiu qui cua cic trudng dio tao Nhan biet nhOrng yeu cau dio tao mdi Khung miu gi? Tinh? That nghiip/ cd viic lim, tien luong NguSn: Hdi thdo vi thiet ldp ki hogch qudn linhdn li/c theo dinh hudng kinh ti thi trudng, Bd LDTB&XH, 5/1999 •KHOA HQC GlAO DVC THUC TIEN GIAO DUC quan hd qudc t l 64 tao dilu kidn thuan Ipi cho vide giao luu, hpe hdi kinh nghidm ele nUde dl trUde, tan dung d c ngudn lue qudc t l nhu sd dung vdn ODA, ele du I n dau tu tang eudng co sd vat chit, trang thilt bj eho ele eo sd dao tao, thifc hidn d e chuong trinh trao ddi gilng vidn d l nang eao ning life giang day cho gilo vidn, xiy difng v i phat triln chuong trinh theo hudng tidn t i l n dao tao nhin life Xiy dung td chdc bp may v i eon ngudi ehuydn trich eho hoat dpng hop t i e qudc t l phu hpp d elp ttnh v i eae co sd dao tao - Ning cao trinh dp ngoai ngd, tin hpe eho dpi ngu l i m edng tie hpp tie qude t l - Phdi hpp d c sd ban nganh vide dilu phdi sd dung, khai thac ed k i t q u i d c du I n hpp tie qude t l trdn dja ban - Ting eudng quan hd vdi ele eo sd d i o tao nude ngoii, d c td ehde phi chfnh phd, chfnh phii 64 khai thic d c du I n hpp t i e hai bdn eung ed Ipi Ket l u i n O l hoat (Jong d i o tao nghi eho lao ddng ndng thdn trdn dia bin ttnh BinhThuIn dat hidu q u i eao nhlt ein t i l n hinh ddng bd nhilu g i i i phip, ein cd Slf phdi hop ddng bd gida d e elp ele nganh, d e td ehde chtnli trj x l hdi.,,trong dd d c co sd d i o tao ^ nghi can thiet phai dupe quy hoach mdt cleh phii hpp, vide td chdc tuydn tmyln, tu van hpc nghi v i vide lam ddi vdi lao dpng ndng thdn can thuc hidn cd ke hoaeh, xay dung chuong trinh dao tao phu hpp vdi nhu cau lao dpng ndng thdn v i dap dng ydu elu eOa n h i tuyen dung, tdng budc nang eao ning life gilng day eiia dpi ngu giao vidn, dau tu ddng bp trang t h i l t bj gilng day va t i n g cddng hpp t i c qude t l v l dao tao lao ddng cho ndng thdn TAI Lieu THAM KHAO 1, Oe an "Ddo tgo nghi cho lao dgng ndngthdn tinh Binh thudn din ndm 2020f, Oy ban nhin d i n tinh Binh Thuan, thing 1/2011, 2, Hpi t h i o "Cung Ung ngudn nhdn lue thu hut ddu tuvdo cdc khu cdng nghiip Binh thudn, Uy ban nhin d i n ttnh Binh Thuan, thing 6/2011 SUMMARY The author presents some basic issues in vocational training for rural labour in Binh Thuan, including: 1/ vocational training activities for rural labor in Binh Thuan; 2/ Foreeats for vocational training to 2020; 3/some orientations for vocational training activities for rural labor in Binh Thuan iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiniiiiiiniiiiMiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiM CAC PHUONG PHAP DAY HOC (Tiep theo trang 34) phuong phip niy d l khdi ddng, l l m thugiln dau de eOa hpe sinh gidi thidu chd d l mdi Ngoii d c phuong phip trdn, GDHN eung sd dyng phuong phip ddng vai (dien kich), md phdng Dly l i phdong phap eo bin d l rdn luydn ki ning giao t i l p cho hpe sinh Ddng vai l i eo hpi de hpe sinh thife hinh mdt sd nhidm vu hay eleh dng xd nio dd mdt mdi trudng mau tmdc d c tinh hudng thde xiy Qua ddng vai hpe sinh bilt xd II thdng tin, dng dung nhdng Id thuylt da hpc vio thuc t l sinh ddng v l da dang, Klii sd dung phuong phip niy GV luu y: Odng vai tao dilu kidn cho hpc sinh thife hinh ki ning quylt djnh ehpn hudng di eda minh Giup eho hpe sinh thife hinh ki ning giao tilp, Cd t h i I p dung phuong phip niy d l tao tinh hudng tn/dc thio luan mdt chu d l nio dd Odng vai se kfch thfch hpc sinh t h i o luan sdi ndi ve ehu d l dupe ndu TAI Lieu THAM KHAO 1, Ludt Gido due ndm 2005, NXB Chtnh trj Qude gia, Ha Ndi, 2006, 2, Bd GD&DT Chl thj sd 33/2003/ CT-BGD&DT ngdy 23.7.2003 eua Bg trUdng Bd GD&DT vi tdng cUdng gido due hudng nghiip cho HS thdng, H i Ndi, 2003, 3, Pham Van Son (ehu bidn), Gido due hudng nghiip vd tich hgp GDHN qua mdn hgc- Tii lieu tap huln hidu trddng d c trUdng THCS, Ha Ndi, 2010, 4, Tran Mai Thu, Nghiin cifu di xudt ngi dung bdi dudng GV hudng nghiip d ede tn/dng THCS, Bao d o tdng kit de tai KHCN elp Bp, m l sd B2006-68-11, H i Ndi, 2009 SUMMARY The author proposed active teaching methods often used in career orientation programs at schools, technical-career centers Stf78-IHANG3/2812^S1 ... l tilt kidm kinh phfdlu tucua t o i n xa hpi cho hoat dpng d i o tao nghi cho lao ddng ndng thdn 3.7 Ting cUdng hop tic qudc tivi dio tgo lao ddng cho ndng thdn O l hd thdng d i o tao nhin life... n n g h i nghidp Thdc hidn tuydn tmyen cho lao ddng x l hdi de thu hut ngudn nhin life v i o nhdng nginh n g h i dang thilu hut lao ddng -Tuvln eho ngudi lao ddng tUchpn nghi hpc, hinh thdc hpe... bj gilng day va t i n g cddng hpp t i c qude t l v l dao tao lao ddng cho ndng thdn TAI Lieu THAM KHAO 1, Oe an "Ddo tgo nghi cho lao dgng ndngthdn tinh Binh thudn din ndm 2020f, Oy ban nhin