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NBHIEN CDU Q Q PHAT TRIEN DOI NGO GiAO VIEN TIENG ANH TIEU HOC THEO KHUNG CHDAN NGHE NGHIEP I DMvJnde Be In ''''Day vd hpc ngoai ngd trong he thdng gi lo dye qudc ddn" (gpi t i t Id Be dn ngoai ngd 2020)[.]
NBHIEN CDU Q Q PHAT TRIEN DOI NGO GiAO VIEN TIENG ANH TIEU HOC THEO KHUNG CHDAN NGHE NGHIEP ThS L E T H ! THANH THUY Phbng GD S OT huyfin Btf Tr^ch, tinh Quang Blnh I.DMvJnde Be I n 'Day vd hpc ngoai ngd he thdng gilo dye qudc ddn" (gpi t i t Id Be dn ngoai ngd 2020) ddi ddt y l u d u mdi cho d p Tieu hpc (TH) Mdn Ngoai ngdtrd mdn hpe b i t bude chuang trinh gido ducTH Vife quin tf phit triln dpi ngu gilo vifn (GV) Ttlng Anh tilu hpe (GVTATH) dupe dat nhu la mdt nhdng van d l tat y l u vd d p t h i l t d l nang cao chit tupng day hpc Tiep can xu t h l chung cda d e nude trln t h l gidi, quin If phit triln GV theo chuin nghi nghifp thay vl theo trinh dd ddo tao 11 sU ddi mdi tU quin li gido dye 11 y l u elu khdch quan xu t h l phdt triln v l hdi nhdp Trong pham vi cda bli vilt niy, chdng tdi d l cap d i n vife hinh thdnh khung chuan nghi nghiep GVTATH vd v i n dyng nd nhu mot cdng ey d l phdt triln dpi ngu GV theo khung ehuan Clc quan niem v^ chuan nghi nghilp GV Tiln sy William E Moen (2003), nhd nghien cdu Thu viln hpc Hoa Ki cho rlng:"Chuln trinh biy mdt ban thda thuan cua mdt cpng ddng de thUe hien nhiitig gl theo mpt d e h rilng nhim gidi quylt mdt van d l ehung' [1] Ddng Thdnh Hiing (2005), ndi d i n chuin nghi nghilp GV dd nhin manh chit lupng tay nghi va dao ddc nghi nghilp cda ngudi thiy gido Trong ehuan nghi nghifp GV thUdng cd chuan dao ddc, chuan ndng lUc gidng day, chuin nlng lyc cdng nghf, chuan nang tyc giao tilp, chuin nlng lUe thilt k l day hpc ehuin ndng tuc danh gid ngudi hpc vd hpc tlp [2] Theo Phan Van Kha (2009), chuin nghifp vy sU pham GV Id m l u If thuylt v l pham chat dao dde nghi nghilp vd ndng lUc chuyin mdn nghe nghiep, ndng tyc su ptiam eda GV dupe xie tip cd tfnh nguyin t i c edng khai vd phd biln, bao gdm d c t i l u chuin v l tilu chi, cdc mdc dd dat dugc tuong Omg vdl mdi t i l u chf xdc djnh ndng tye thyc hlln cdc cdng vifc ehuyin mdn cua GV va cde ngudn minh chdng, ed mdi quan hf logic chat che vifn' nhau, dupc sd dyng Ilm cdng ey d l xdc minh, dinh g i l v l tu dinh gid mdc dd thUc hiln clc edng vife chuyen mdn eua GV, gidp GV dan hodn thifn nang luc sU pham cda minh, ddp dng nhu d u myc tieu cua ehii t h l qudn If [3] d Vift Nam, gan ddy da cd mdt sd nghiln cdu dng dyng khung chuin Chdu Au (CERF) vao gllng day, hpc t i p v l dinh gid nang tUc tieng Anh Sau khf Bd GD &DT xay dyng Bi I n Day hpc ngoai ngd qude gia 2020 vdi muc t i l u rd soit vd ndng cao chit tupng ddi ngu GV day ngoai ngd (dde bift Id tilng Anh) d mpi elp hpc va trinh dd ddo tao, nhtlu hdi thio d l duac td chde de nghifn cdu khung CERF giing day vd ddnh gia ndng tyc O l triln khai cd hifu q u i D l An Day hpc ngoai ngdqudc gia 2020, Bd GD & DT da ban hlnh khung nlng lUe ngoai ngd ble ddng eho Vift Nam Diy td d n cd d l thdng nhit ve yeu d u nlng tuc ngoai ngd co b i n he thdng gilo dye qudc din; La cO s6 de xiy dUng chuong trinh, bien soan sleh gido khoa, k l hoach giing day ; Lim d n e d d l GV, gidng viln tUa chpn ndi dung, phUOTig phdp gidng day, kilm tra dinh g i l ngUdi hpc.Td dd, dat nhiJng yeu elu co bin v l ndng luc GV tilng Anh phd thdng, bao gdm tap hc^ cle t i l u ehf ve kiln thdc vd kT ndng, giup cho GV cd can cd di phin dau ndng cao nlng tue nghi nghilp Ddng thdi, nhiJfng ylu d u cO b i n v l ndng luc GV tilng Anh phd thdng dung de kit hpp vdi ehuan nghi nghifp GV danh g l l ndng luc nghi nghiep GV hang nam Hien tai, d l ddnh gtd chat tupng GV tilng Anh ndi ehung, GV tilng Anh TH ndi rilng, cde nhd quin tf v l ehfnh bin thin ngudi GV phli edng mdt tde dya vao nhieu khung chuin khic ntiau: Chuin nghi nghilp GV, khung chuan CERF, Khung nang lUe sdu ble ddng eho Vift Nam, Khung ndng iUc GV tilng Anh ldm cdng eu ddnh gid Tuy nhiln, hifn ehUa ed khung ehuin nghi nghifp cho GV tilng Anh tifng d p hpc Dilu ndy, tao nhilu bat cap cdng tde phdt triln dpi ngu GV tilng Anh ndi ehung, ddi ngu GVTATH ndi rilng Khung chu^n nghi nghilp GV tilng Anh TH 3.1, Muc iSch nghien cffu di xudt khung chudn nghi nghiip dio GVTATH Mye dich eua viec xdy dUng khung ehuan td: 1/ Gidp GVtu ddnh gia ndng lucsupham cda bdn thdn, tddd xdy dung eho minh k l hoach ren luyfn hpe tdp, phin d i u nlng cao NVSP, khdng ngdng phdt triln nghi nghiep; 2/ Giup cac clp quin tf nhd nUde v l ngUdi ddng d i u cdc trudng TH dinh gil, xip toai GV v l nang luc su pham phuc vy cdng tde quin It, quy hoach ddo tao, bdi dUdng, sd dyng dpi ngu GV; 3/ Ldm can ed d l xdy dyng, phit triln chuong trinh ddo tao, bdi dudng GV; 4/ Ldm can ed di xiy dung chlnh sdeh, c h l dp dai ngd GV 3.2 Nguyin tdc xdy dUng khung chudn nghi nghiip GVTATH Khung ehuan nghi nghilp GVTATH phdi t u i n thu cac yeu d u quy djnh ddi vdi GV TH t h l hiln cde v i n b i n phdp luft quy djnh nhu Ludt Giao due, Oilu tf Trudng TH v l clc van bdn phdp quy khac ed lien quan Khung chuin nghi nghilp GVTATH dupc xiy dUng phd hop vdi khung chuan Chlu Au - CERF, Chuan nghi nghifp GVTH, Khung ndng tye bde ddng eho Wit Nam, Chuan nang tye GV tilng Anli, Khung nang tyc dng dung cdng nghi thdng tin cho GV tilng Anh (Technology Standars Framevt^ork) Khung ehuan nghi nghilp GVTATH phdi d i p dng dupe d c yeu d u , tilu ehf sau: 1/ Phli phd hc^ vdi thye tien Vift Nam dang qua trinh dot mdi day hpc Ngoai ngd v l xac cfinh dpi ngij GV Id khdu then chdt wfc ndng cao chat tUong day hpc; 2/ Phli tilp can v l vdn dyng Sli 122- G11/2015 • Q NGHIEN ctiiu _ (4) Hoqt ddng xd hdi GVTATH phdi ludn tU ren luy^n phu hpp nhdng xu huong ten tiln cua thl gicn iec xiy durig ehuan; 3/ P | | | ^ s | | | ^ ^ d i ^ d a c d i l m sUpram minh cac mdi quan hf xa hdi trau ddi vdn kieti eda ngUc^ GVTATH C ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ H | » i d n va du dc dat thdc va kinh nghiem eiia xa hdi de tdng budc van dung dupe cua ngudi GV r ^ p ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ t i e u d l ^ o dong cd hieu qua hoat dpng nghe nghiep nhim gdp phan tye eho ngudi GV phin diu va phdt triln dap dng ) ^ cau nang cao chat lupng va hieu qua day hpc Dac biet, can cd sU giao lUu rdng vdi cac trung tam day ngoai ngu" ngiy dng cao cda viec day hpe ngoai ngd ^^B nudc ngoai de tao mpt mdi trUdng hoe tap ngoai nha 3.3 Cau trde khung ehudn nghi nghiip^^mTH trudng cho ca HS va GV; SU ket hop chat che gida cac GV 3.3.1 Khung phdm chdt W^ • Phdm chdt nghi nghiip: Ylu nghi, n i l r ^ r l : thilt day tieng Anh mdt cum trudng, mdt huyfn, thi xa, tha, gin bd vdtam huylt vdi nghi day h p c ^ ^ ^ H bao; ph6 de md rdng mdi trUdng phat trien ddi ngij cd dao ddc nghi ngtiifp nha gido, xdng d l n g | tam Xuat phattdyeu cau ddi mdi day hoc Ngoai ngii',trenca sd phan tich hoat dpng ciia ngUdi GV tieng Anh TH va guong sang eho tri noi theo cae yeu cau co ban ve nang lUc GV tieng Anh phd thdng - Phdm chdt xa hdi: Cd tic phong cdng ngi da dupe Bp GD & OT quy djnh nang lUc nghe nghiep cila nhdn thdc thdi dp vd hanh vi, dng xd dung danI GVTATH phai hpi hpi dii yeu tdn sau: trudng van hda, xd hdi, bilt gid gin va phat huyl Thdnhat, ndng lUc dgy hgc: tde la ndi d i n nang lire van hda ddn tpc; Cd y thdc tilp thu tinh hoj td chdc hoat ddng day hoc mdn Tilng Anh dTH NgUcfi nhan to^i, phdt huy tilm ndng ddn tdc va eorif GV tieng Anh TH can phai co cac nang lUc ca bdn sau Nam; Cd;? thdc phyc vu, tdn trpng, hda hpp, f - Nang lUc sogn gido dn (thiet kebdi dqy) vd chuan bi ehia sl vdt ddng nghilp, HS vd cdng ddng •Pfi(?fnc/nftvlycifi/':Cdythdeklluat;tinh^B^han cho gid len Idp, bao gdm cac tieu chi: Hieu va mold dupc ve nang luc GV TH theo chuan nghe nghifp GV TH; Hieu diu vl nhilt huylt; ed y thde tu phat triln I vd md ta dupc nang luc GVTA TH theo khung tham chieu 3.3.2 Khung ndng lUc GVTATH Khung nlng lUe GV tilng Anh TH dupe clu^ianh Chau Au danh cho ngUdi day HS d cap trinh dd A; Ndm vQng muc tieu, chuan dau va npi dung chuong Irinh bdt hat thinh td: Kiln thde v l ki nang nghl^ tieng Anh TH; Hieu dUpc chuang trinh tieng Anh d cdc ngudl GV Bi xdc djnh duoc ndi him eua cap hoc thdng (TH, THCS, THPT); Ndm dUOc cac quy dd, cln phli Ilm ro nit rilng bilt hoat| dmh, hudng dan .lien quan tdi chUang trinh; Hieu bilt GV tilng Anh TH Hoat ddng cda GVTATH rit < logic noi dung, tinh lien tuc ciia chUOng trinh k^ phde tap, nd mang tfnh die thu rilng Cd t h l | hoach day hoc; Da dang hda va can bang cac hoat dgng nhdng lio^t ddng sau: nham kich thich hdng thu hoc tap cho HS, thiet ke hoat (1) Hoaf ddng gidng dqy, la boat ddng ctiO| dpng vdi nhieu ndi dung; Phan chia thdi gian cho tdng bin nhit cCia GVTATH Hoat ddng niy bao g d m r npi dung bai day phu hop; Xac dinh ndi dung day cle ki nlng nghe, ndi, dpc vilt vd dupe dien ra] hpc dung tam, cd tlnh vda sdc; Tich hop kien Thilc trudng bin nhd trUdng vd mdi trudng cac mdn hpc (dia, sd, van, am nhac ,) vao tiet day; C6 nhi trudng Cle boat ddng GD gin liln vdi qud[ kien thdc ve van hda cac nudc ndi tieng Anh; Van dung, hifn dc nhilm vy cu thl cua qui trinh GD tich hap lmh hoat cac tai lieu lien quan gidng day; nhdng myc tilu cy t h l Qui trinh day hpc cdal gdm d e boat ddng: Thu thap va xd ti thdng tin vl mon Chuan bi cac tai lieu va phuong tien day hoc hpe vl ddc dilm cda HS; Lap kl hoaeh vd chuan bi bai - Nang luc to chUc thUc hien bai hoc, bao gdm cac giing; Lua ehpn vd van dyng cdc phuang phdp day hoc tieu chi: Tao dupc mdi trUdng hoc tap than thien; Hieu va phu hpp vdi ddc dilm tdm sinh ti tda t u d l ; ^ ^ ^ Q dieu nhan biet duac dac diem, nang lUc ngdn ngu'cua HSTH khiln qud trlnh day hoe; Kfch thfch tfnh ehii ddng, de van dung day hpc phan hda HS, Day hoc theo sing tao eda HS qua trinh hoc tip; Odnhj" dinh hudng phat trien nang iuc cua HS; Ki ndng phdt dm trtnh hpe vd kit qui hoc tip cua HS; Djnli tupni chuan, vdn td vUng rpng, van dung cac thu thuat tich qui eda mdn hpe;Thu thap thdng tin phdn|_ hop va cac phuong tien day hoc de giiip HS hoc tdvUng cd nhiitig dilu chfnh kjp thdi cho chinh minh; dung each; Ngon ngQ day hpc de hieu, khoa hoc phu (2) Hoat ddng gido due HS, td hoat ddngTudn'song hpp vdi trinh nhan thdc cua HS; To chdc cac hoat hdnh edng hoat dpng day hpe eda GV Bang nhdn each ddng phli hop de tdi da hoa tuang tac cua HS; Nim viing cda ngudi GV d l hinh ttidnh, phdt triln nhdn each ciia va van dung thao, lmh hoat, sang tao, hieu qud HS mdt edeh toan difn Die bilt, ddi vdi t d a ^ H l s TH, cac phuang phap, ki thuat da dang day hpc bdn diy 11 nhdng ndm ddu tiln cho vifc hinh thdnh vl phat ki nang nghe, noi, dpc, viet; Ndm va van dung dupe cdc triln nhin cdch eho tri phuang phap, ki thuat day hoc phan hoa, phii hop vdi (3) Hoar ddng hgc tdp tubdi dUdng, I ^ ^ ^ ^ S i g tUcac khac biet ciia HS; Linh hoat trien khai gido an phdt triln eda cd nhin ngudi GV Ngudi g S p B l i n n g phu hpp vdi bdi canh va dieu kien thUc tien cu the;Thich dng k|p vdi nhUng ddi mai GD, ciia day va hoc ngoai ngdng hpctip, nlng cao trinh dp vdty tl ngd; Ndm vdng cac chdc nang va nguyen tac qudn ti, Hoat ddng niy bao gdm:Tim hieu thUe te, van van dung co hieu qua vao qudn li Idp hoc; Xay dUng moi kinh nghtim thyc tiln vio edng tic Gb;rim hili trudng day ngdn ngdtrong va ngoai nhatrudng (kit ndi cdng nghf mdi, nghien cdu, d i tiln dd dung giiJa cac Idp nha trudng, gida cac trudng ,.) Nghiln edu, eli tiln phuong phap day hpe; Ngh| cdc ndi dung liln quan din ndi dung day t i l r f l r i ^ - Nang luc danh gid kit qua hqc tap ngdn ngCfcua HS, d l Idm phong phd hon ndi dung can truyln thu chb HS bao gdm cac tieu chi; Ki nang thiet k l npi dung ddnh gid 28-KHOAHQCGlAODUC NGHiiN COU C D I ^ ^ ^ ^ l y e tilng Anh cua HS; LUa chpn hinh thdc phu hpp )(ly durig dpi ngu, gdm: Quy hoach, tuyln dyng, tuyln y g | V g i l nlng lye tilng Anh cda HS; Lua chpn phuong chon, sang tpe va sd dung nhutig boat dpng ndy nhim pnap phu hap ddnh gia nang lUe tilng Anh cua HS; Ki mye dich d i m bio v l sd t u ^ g , co c^u v l chit lUpng diu ndng sd dyng k i t qua ddnh gid vdo cda ddi ngu; (2) Phat triln bin vdng, gdm: Bdi dUdng, - Wdng luc Ung dung cdng nghi thdng tin (CNTT), sCfddo tao (ddo tao tai, dio tao tilp ndi, dao tao nlng ehuin ) dung sdch, tdi liiu vd thiet bi day fioc, gdm: Nim viJfng tdm cho nang chuyin mdn, phim chat dao ddc ehfnh khung chuan CNTT cho GV tilng Anh; Ki ndng lUa chon trj cda ddi dat dUpc d c tilu chf cua d c ITnh viie vd dieu ehfnh tai tilu (tdi lieu sd dyng gidng day vd t l i kliung chuin nghi nghilp GVTATH; Tao ddng tiie cho lilu tham khio); Ki nlng khai thac vd sd dung d c ngudn ngudn lao ddng tang eUdng khd nang tu phdt triln cda c l hpc lifu da dang; Ki nang lam hpc lieu mdt; Ki nlng sd nhin, khd nang thfch dng tinh hudng cda he thdng; tfnh tudn ludn mdi, tinh d c h mang cda mdi ed nhin v l ciia t i p dyng CNTT phd hpp day ngdn ngd the ; (3) Tao mdl lifn kit chat ehi, ben vufng giiia"dlo tao, Thff hai, ndng /ot gido due: Ndng luc ndy ddl hdi bdi dudng dpi ngii GV"vdi vile"sddung GV"va"ehinh sleh ngudi GV phdi b i l t giao due HS bing chfnh nhin edeh ddi vdi GV va mdi trUdng hoat ddng ciia GV" etia minh, g i n ndi dung day hpe vdi thUc tien eudc sdng, phdi hpp vdi d c lyc tupng vd ngodi nha trudng d l - Siy dung khung chudn GVTATH hogch dinh ki gido dye HS bao gdm d c tieu ehf: Hilu dupc sU phdt hogch nhdn sU vd phdt trien ddi ngu kicdn: Diy Id hoat triln nhdn thdc v l xa hdi, ntui d u d m xdc, ntiu clu hpc ddng mang tfnh chiln tupe gdp phan vao chit tUong vd t i p eda HS; Hilu vd n i m chac nhu d u tdm sinh li tda tudi tfnh tiln tyc phdt trien td chdc Thlch thdc ddt HS; Phdi hpp hpp It, da dang cdc phUOng phdp v l hinh vdi d c td ehdc la ptidi xde dinh dupe t i l m nlng eda tdng thde td ehde gido dye, die bilt td td chdc clc boat ddng d nhdn, mong mudn eda ho d l phdt huy vd tao dilu gilo dye trdi nghifm; Gdn ndi dung day hpc vio eudc kiln d l hp t h l hifn t i l m ndng sdng d l hinh thdnh nhin d c h cho HS; Phdi hpp vdt eic - Sd di^ng khung chudn tuyin vd sd dung GV: td ehde gilo dye v l ngodi nhd trudng de gido dye Khung ehuin dupe thdng bdo edng khai trudc kht ttin HS; GV 11 t i m gUOng sang d l HS noi theo hlnh tuyln dyng gidp cho vile dtnh hUdng ddi vdi d c Thff ha, ndng lUe ehd thehda: NgUdi GV phdi y thdc dng viln, eung d p cho dng ed cdch nhin tdng qudt nhat dupc vifc tu ehd, tu ch|u trach nhifm vdt nghi day hpc v l cdng vife minh dU djnh ddng kf tuyln dung Mat md minh d l chpn bao gdm cde tifu ehf: NgUdt GV tilng khdc, khung ehuan se eho dng viln bilt td chdc mong Anh TH d n phli t h l hifn tinh ehuyfn nghilp day dpi gl d minh, tdm viec td chdc, ed nhin s l phit hoc tilng Anh; Trdeh nhiem eda ed nhdn ddt vdi ngtie trien ndng tuc gi Dtlu eho phep cde dng viln dua day hpc; V thdc trdch nhifm vdi vile tU hoe, t i i bdi dUdng quylt djnh lua chpn diing din, phd hpp vdi nlng tUe, sd d i phit triln b i n thdn; Cd khd nang hap tic, Ilm vile trudng v l gid trj eiia bin than, gdp phin tdm tdng mde theo nhdm de phdt triln nghi nghilp dd phd hop vd l