NGHIEN CUU & UNG DUNG II HOP TAC THEO N H O M N H A M ifCH CUC H O A HOAT D O N G HOC TAP TRONG DAY HOC D|A U H TRlTClNG Dif BI DAI HOC DA\ TOC ThS Ta Xuan Phirang Tru&ng Dft bi Dgi hgc Ddn tgc Trung[.]
NGHIEN CUU & UNG DUNG II HOP TAC THEO N H O M N H A M ifCH CUC H O A HOAT D O N G HOC TAP TRONG DAY HOC D|A U H TRlTClNG Dif BI DAI HOC DA\ TOC ThS Ta Xuan Phirang Tru&ng Dft bi Dgi hgc Ddn tgc Trung uang SUMMARY Active learning activities ofthe students in theform of group collaboration in teaching Geography is one of the active teaching methods Thereby, in order to promote a positive, self-awareness, as well as a spirit of collaboration, shared learning experience and sense of responsibility of the student in the learning process However, to really be positive of learning activities of students a way to be effective, teachers need to be very mature about the skills, processes and organizational learning groups should also see clearly the nature of group cooperation in the process of teaching in general and teaching in particular Geography Keywords: Group cooperation in teaching Geography Cooperation in teaching Geography Ngdy nh^ bdi: 22/8/2014; Ngdy duy^ O&ng: 26/8/2014 Tich eye hda hogt dOng hpc tgp vi nh$n thftc ciia hpc sinh (HS) li mOt tgp hpp eie hogt dOng eua ngudi dgy, nhim biln ngudi hpc tft thy dOng thinh chu dpng, tur ddi tupng tilp nhgn tri thftc sang chu thi tim kilm tri thftc dk ning cao hifu qui hpc tgp Diy li vife lim tdi quan trpng efta giio vifn (GV), vi nlu HS khdng tfch eye, n l lye hpc t$p thi GV diu ed gidi df n diu, ed ed ging bao nhifu etog khdng mang lgi hifu qui giio dye Trong nghign eto li luin etog nhu tft thyc tiln dgy hpc nhilu bifn phip di dupe sft dyng dg tich eye hda hogt dOng hpc tap cua HS nhu: xic djnh dOng co hpc tip dftng din, td ehftc Semina, giii bii t$p tinh hudng, dgy hpc hpp tic theo nhdm Sau diy, xin gidi thifu bifn phip day hpc hpp tic theo nhdm (HTTN) dl tfch eye hda hogt dOng hpc tip cua HS qui trinh hpc t§p Dia If ndirifng vi hpc t?[p ndi chung Ban chat ciia t l ehftc dgy hpc HTTN Dgy hpc HTTN li mOt phuang phip dgy hpc tich eye Khi dgy hpc HTTN cic hogt dOng rieng le cua ttog ci nhin dupe td ehftc lgi vi lign kit vdi eie hogt dfng chung nhim thyc hifn eie nhifm vy hpc tip Ddng thdi, qui trinh lign kgt sg hinh thinh vi tich hpp cic mdi quan hf, tie dOng qua lgi gifta thiy - nhdm - trd, giiip HS ITnh hOi tri thftc mOt cich tdt nhit Qui h-inh hpc t$p HTTN eua HS ed thi hinh dung nhu sau: Giai dogn thir nhdt: HS dxxgc dit vio nhtog tinh hudng cy thi vi sinh dOng, dd nhu ciu khim phi, tim tdi vi sing tgo eua HS dupe niy sinh qua dd ITnh hOi dupe nhtog tri thftc mdi Tft dd, HS ed thi v|n dyng linh hogt vi sing tgo eie tri thftc vio cic tinh hudng khic hogt dOng hpc tgp cung nhu thyc tiln efta bto thin - Giai dogn thu hai: Hgp tdc vdi cdc vien khde Trude nhtog tinh hudng, nhifm vy cy thi HS sg niy sinh nhu ciu etog hpp tie vdi cic thtoh vifn nhdm dl tto hutog giii quylt Cic thinh vifn nhdm sg biy td quan dilm efta minh, ling nghe quan dilm cua ngudi khic, etog trao ddi dk giii quylt cic nhifm vy bpe tip vi cung bio vf quan dilm chung cua nhdm - Giai dogn thu ba: Hgp tdc vdi GV HS khdng thy dOng ngdi nghe GV thuylt gitog mi cd sy trao ddi qua lai vdi GV, tft dd sg giup HS hpc dupe cich phin tich, tdng hpp, khii quit tft dinh hutog efta GV Ddng thdi thdng qua kit l u ^ cua GV dl ty dinh gii, kilm tra vi dilu chinh sin phim cua minh - Giai dogn thu tu: Ty kilm tra, dinh gii vi dilu chinh bd sung nhtog thilu sdt Die dilm ca bin eua td ehftc dgy hpc HTTN li tranh luin vi trao ddi trye tilp, nlu thilu di ylu td niy thi dgy hpc HTTN khdng thi tdn tai, Chinh vi v$y, GV cin hilu siu bin chit cua dgy hpc HTTN dl kich thich dupe tinh tich eye, ty thi hifn trich nhifm ei nhto, ty kilm tra, ty dilu chinh, Thftc diy sy phdi hpp trye tilp gifta cic thinh vifn nhdm; binh ding, tdn trpng etog sing tgo vi chia se kinh nghifm Nhihig yeu cau tfch eye hda hogt d^ng hpc tip cua HS thdng qua hinh thirc HTTN Khi tifn hinh tich eye hda hogt dfng hpc t$p nhgn thftc cCia HS, ein ehft y dam bao nhtog yfu ciu ein ban sau diy; TAP CHf THlft-BIGlAO DMC-sd 109-9/2014 • 39 II NGHIEN cuu & UNG DUNG Thir nhdt su lien kit myc tieu: Hoat dfng HTTN chi tin tgi cic myc tieu cua cic ei nhin lign kit vdi mOt myc tigu chung Bk dim bio dupe ygu ciu lign kit myc tigu niy, GV cin xiy dyng myc tigu chung efta bii hpc cho cd thi phin chia thinh myc tigu bO phgn Mdi myc tigu bO phin tuong tog vdi mOt nhifm vy nhin thftc dvcqc thi hifn bing mft tinh hudng bpe tip cy thi Bk thyc hifn nhtog nhifm vy dd, HS di thyc sy tham gia vio mdi quan hf phy thuOc tich eye Thir hai su lien kit vdphdi hgp hogt dgng: HS ty nguyfn tham gia vio cic mdi quan hf phy thuOe mOt cich tich eye vi toto difn efta hogt dOn^ chung nhdm Mdi quan hf niy ddi hdi HS cin phii lign kit vi phdi hpp etog dk thyc hifn nhifm vy hpc tip chung ciia nhdm Thdng qua sy lien kit, phdi hpp niy sg giftp HS nhgn dupe sy ed ging, n§ lye eua bto thin khdng phii vi Ipi ich ci nhin mi vi Ipi ich chung cua nhdm Vi mdi HS tham gia vio hpc tgp HTTN sg hogt dOng vdi hai tu cich: mOt li tu cich ci nhin; hai li tu cich dgi difn cho nhdm Thir ba syr liin kit vai trd: Trong qui trinh td ehftc vi thyc hifn hogt dOng bpe tip HTTN, eie thinh vign nhdm sg luin phign dam nhifm vi thyc hifn cic vai trd, nhifm vy khic nhdm nhu nhdm frutog, thu kf nhdm, nhdm vifn Sy lign kit vai \xb niy sg tgo hogt dfng ehun^ vi dua hogt dOng chung efta nhdm tdi myc tidu da dd Khi dim bio dupe ygu ciu niy sg tgo dilu kifn cho HS bfc 10 vi khing dinh nhtog ning efta bin thin, ddng thdi hinh thinh y thftc ki luit cao vi xiy dyng dupe mdi quan hf binh ding Thit tu sy lien kit vi ngudn lye: Khi td ehftc dgy hpc HTTN thi nhdm dupe tgo nfn bdi sy da dgng vl tinh cich vi ning lye ciia mft t?lp hpp cic thinh Cie bude thyc hifn vign Mdi thinh vign gdp vio hogt dOng chung cua nhdm nhtog kinh nghifm, ning lye, ngudn tii lifu rigng dk tham gia giii quylt nhifm vy chung efta nhdm mOt cich tdi uu nhit Chinh vi viy, dim bio bio sy phy thuOe tich eye vl myc tigu, vai trd, ngudn lye sg tgo vi buOc HS phii lign kit phdi hpp hogt dOng vdi nhau, Thif ndm trdeh nhiim ed nhdn: Trong hogt dOng chung ciia nhdm, mdi ci nhin diu luin phign dim nhin cic nhifm vy vi vai trd khic Do dd, ygu ciu cic thinh vign phii ludn ty giie vi ty lye hoin thinh nhifm vy ei nhin cua minh, khdng thi y lgi vi trdng chd vio ngudi khic, Vi sy ty giie, tich eye hoin thinh nhifm vy cua moi thinh vign nhdm gdp vio hoin thinh nhifm vy chung cua nhdm, Quy trinh t l ehftc dgy hpc HTTN mdn Dja If Dgy hpc HTTN li sy kit hpp hftu co gifta quy trinh dgy cua GV vi hpc cua HS, Dd li mft trgt ty tuyIn tinh cic giai dogn, eie bude, eie thao tic dgy vi hpc tft bit diu din kit thftc, Cic hogt dOng efta thiy vi hogt dOng efta trd ludn ludn phft hpp vdi tgo thtoh mOt hpp lye giftp cho ngudi bpe ty giie, tich eye v i ty ehilm ITnh tri thftc mdi bing chinh hinh dOng efta bto than, Quy trinh td ehftc dgy bpe HTTN ein dupe tiln hinh theo eie bude sau: * Bud-e 1: Chuin bj Diy li giai dogn thift kl bii gitog, dd ein phii dupe chuin bi tit dk tgo khdng thugn Ipi, hifu qui vi thinh edng cho hogt dfng dgy vi hpc Bude niy ygu ciu ddi vdi GV vi HS nhu sau: + Ddi vdi GV: Xic dinh nhifm vy, ndu vin dl dua tinh hudng cy thi ein giii quylt, Xic dinh myc tigu, thdi gian lim vife, cich lim vife ciia ttog nhdm, Cung eip thdng tin, tu lifu cho eie nhdm Xic Hogt df ng ciia thiy Giao nhifm vy vdi tinh huong hpc tip cy thi Chia nhdm hpc tip Quin li, giim sit hogt dfng cua cic nhdm 2,HogtdOngnhdm Dinh hutog lim vife cho ttog nhdm; trp giiip cic nhdm cin Tong kit kit qui thyc hifn nhifm vy cua cic nhdm Ting kit dinh Dua y kiln nhin xgt, dinh gii gii Kit lufn vi djnh hutog HS nghien eto vin dl tilp sau 1, Chuin hi 40 • TAP CHf THlA"BIGlAO DMC-sd 109-9/2014 Hogt dpng cua HS 1, Nghign eto nhifm vy thih hulng hpc t^p, 2, Tip hpp theo nhdm dupe phin cdng 1, Trao doi, phin cdng cic thinh vign thyc hifn nhifm vy 2, Ctog dua cic y kiln; trao dii thio luin vi thong nhit f kiln de giii quylt nhifm vy ehune Dgi difn bio cio kit qui lim vife cua nhdm Trao dii vi tri Idi ciu hdi cua cic nhdm khic Ling nghe vi dit ciu hdi cho cic nhdm khic Ling nghe nhin xgt, dinh gii, kit luin vi djnh hutog ciia GV NGHIEN CUU & UNG DUNG II dinh sd lupng vign mdi nhdm vi thyc hifn chia ca cdu kinh ti - Chuong III: Dia li kinh ti Viit Nam nhdm, giao dia dilm lim vife mdi nhdm (Gido trinh Dia li Viit Nam) + Ddi vdi HS: Nhanh chdng tgp hpp theo nhdm Bude 1: Chudn bi GV ngu vin dl, xic dinh Nghign eto cic nhifm vy hpc tip ciia GV dua cho nhifm vy nliin thto chung: nhdm, cd cii nhin tdng quit vl nhifm vu, mdi lign - Vi kiin thuc: Hilu dupe sy cin thilt phii hf gifta eie nhifm vy, Xic djnh cich thftc lam vife ehuyin dich co ciu kinh tl nude ta theo hutog cdng nhdm, nghifp hda, hifn dai hda Trinh biy dupe xu hutog * Bude 2: Hogt dpng nhdm: Diy li giai dogn thay ddi co ciu nginh kinh tl, co ciu thinh cd tinh quylt dinh hif u qui toto bO qui trinh dgy hpc phto kinh tl vi co ciu linh thd kinh tl nude ta HTTN Do viy, dk dgt dagc hifu qui hpc tip cao thi thdi ki Ddi mdi, Hilu dupe thi nio li vtog kmh tl trpng dilm vi vi phii hinh thinh cic vftng kmh ci GV vi HS ein dim bio ygu ciu sau: + Ddi vdi GV: Q giai dogn niy, GV cin quto li tl trpng dilm, tdt hogt dfng cua cic nhdm Ho trp, cung cip thdng vi ki rrnig: Rgn li^fn phto tich cic bilu dd tin tii lifu cic nhdm cd ygu ciu, dinh hutog lim vi cic btog sd lifu vl co ciu kinh tl Rgn liqrfn ki vife cho cic nhdm vi can thifp dilu chinh nhdm ning phan tich, nhin xdt lupe dd cie vtog kinh tl trpng di Ifch hutog nhifm vy dk dilm Ren luyfn kT ning vg bilu dd vl co ciu kinh tl + Ddi vdi HS: Tiln hinh trao ddi, phto edng cic - vi thdi dg: TTiiy dupe sy chuyin dich co ciu thinh vign thyc hifn nhifm vy Ci nhin thyc hifn kinh tl nude ta theo hutog tfch eye tft dd nhgn thftc cac nhifm vy dupe giao vdi thii dO tfch eye, thifn dupe y thftc vi trich nhifm efta bto thto qui chi, hpp tie vdi thinh vifn khic dk giii qiQ'lt vi Uinh hpc tip vi rgn luyfn dl trd thinh nhtog ngudi hoin thinh nhifm vy chung cua nhdm lao dpng cd trinh df chuyfn mdn cao gdp phin vio * Bude 3: Ting kit dinh gii: Myc dich chhih sy nghifp edng nghifp hda hifn dgi hda dit nude cua giai dogn niy li giiip HS ctog ed vi hf thdng hda Bude 2: Hogt dgng nhom GV chia nhdm vi giao hi thftc, kl ntog Dja If ein dgt Ddng thdi, HS ed thi nhifm vy cho cie nhdm, GV chia ldp thinh nhdm vgn dyng chtog dl giii quylt nhifm vy mdi, nhtog hpc tgp vi giao nhifm vy, cung eip tu lifu cic nhdm vin dl thyc tiln cd tinh chit tdng hpp, tft dd HS ty lim vife, minh nit dupe cich bpe, cich lim HS ty dinh gii Cic nhdm lim vife, tiln hinh phto cdng vi kit hpp vdi tdng kit dinh gii efta GV dl ed thi ty nhdm, thinh vign lim vife dOc lip rdi trao ddi dilu chinh hogt dOng hpc tip nhdm dudi sy hutog din chi dgo eua GV vi nhdm Vi dy: Tich ctfc hoa hogt dgng hgc tap eua HS trutog dk thdng nhit dua dupe y kiln chung efta thdng qua hgc tgp HTTN dgy bdi: Chuyin dich nhdm Chuyen djch nfi bf timg nganh I Nong - Lim - Ngu nghifp ^ ^ Cong nghifp - Xiy dyng i Nhom 1: Dya vao si lifu va kien thirc giio trinh: Nhom 2: Dya vao so lifu va kien thirc giio trinh: Tim hieu xu hu&ng chuyin dich ngi bg nganh NongLam- Ngu nghigp? Gidi titich nguyen nhdn cua xu hudng chuyin dich dd? Tim hiiu xu hu&ng chuyen dich ngi bg nganh Cong nghifp - xay dgng? Gidi thich nguyen nhdn cda xu hu&ng chuyin dich dd? Djch vy i Nhom 3: Can cur kien thirc giao trinh vi vin hilu biet ciia ban thin: Tim hiiu xu hudng chuyen dich ngi bg nganh Dich v^? Gidi thich nguyen nhan cua xu hu&ng chuyin dich dd? (Xem tiep trang 64) TAP CHf THI^ BI GlAO DMC - Sd 109 - 9/2014 • i ... tu cich: mOt li tu cich ci nhin; hai li tu cich dgi difn cho nhdm Thir ba syr liin kit vai trd: Trong qui trinh td ehftc vi thyc hifn hogt dOng bpe tip HTTN, eie thinh vign nhdm sg luin phign... lye sg tgo vi buOc HS phii lign kit phdi hpp hogt dOng vdi nhau, Thif ndm trdeh nhiim ed nhdn: Trong hogt dOng chung ciia nhdm, mdi ci nhin diu luin phign dim nhin cic nhifm vy vi vai trd khic... thftc mdi bing chinh hinh dOng efta bto than, Quy trinh td ehftc dgy bpe HTTN ein dupe tiln hinh theo eie bude sau: * Bud-e 1: Chuin bj Diy li giai dogn thift kl bii gitog, dd ein phii dupe chuin