HOP TAC VIET IAO TRONG UNH VlTC GIAO DUC VA PHATTRIEN NGUON N H A N LLTC TS N G U V t N K H A C BINH* 1 Hop tac Viet Nam Lao dao tao (BT) nguon nhlm luc (NNL) Tnrdc nam 1991, Viet Nam va Lao chi/a ki[.]
HOP TAC VIET - IAO TRONG UNH VlTC GIAO DUC VA P H A T T R I E N N G U O N N H A N LLTC TS N G U V t N K H A C BINH* Hop tac Viet Nam - Lao dao tao (BT) nguon nhlm luc (NNL) Tnrdc nam 1991, Viet Nam va Lao chi/a ki kel cliinh IhiJc Hlep dinh hop tac ve giao due • dao tao (GD.BT) H/lpi hoat dpng hpp tac Ilnh vuc giao due mdi chimang tinh chat "nganh giao due Viet Nam giup dS nganh giao due Lao", chua dtam hap tac giua halNhanucie Tut 1958-1964, Viet Nam da DT 3,104 luu hpc sinh (LHS) Lao theo cac hp be luc van hoa, BT giao vien Thdi ki van de chat luong va ke hoach chua dugc dat Viet Nam dap tjtig mpi yeu cau ma ban denghj Nam 1992, Chinh phu Viet Nam va Chinh phu Lao da ki ket Hlep dinh giup dS DT can bp, cham di)t giai doan "nganh giup nganh" cong tac DT Hai ben quyet dinh khong B T LHS trinh thong matap trung B T can bp he dai hpc va sau d?l hpc Hipp djnh tuong duong b i n g cap, hpe ham hpc vj cung da dupc hai Chinh phu ki ket 16/3/ 1989taiVienChan Ti)i991-1995,hainuiJcdadanh69%sovonvien trp cua Viet Nam de DT 1.540 LHS Lao he dai han d eac bae trung hpc, dgi hpe va sau dai hpc tai Viet Nam t c r l 996-2000, Viet (>lam da tiep nhan DT 2.256 can bp, LHS Lap Trong do, he dai han la 1.356 ngudi, ngSn han 900 ngudi Gan mpt nila sd vdn vien tro (46,29%) dupc danh eho GD-DT, dd 2/3 danh de DT can bp, LHS Lao tai Viet Nam va 1/3 danh de xay dung co sdvat chait cho giao due tren dat Lao G ^ i doan 2001-2005, Viet Nam da tiep nhan 3.360 LHS, trpng dd h0 dai han la 2.434 ngudi (72,44%), ngJn han 926 ngudi (27,56%) tang 12,94% so vdi thda thuan tai Hiep dinh hop tae (thda thuan da ki ket la 2.975 ngudi), L H S Lao dUdc B T tai 76 co sd DT Giaidoan tdnam 2006-2010, mdi nam sdluong LHS Lao dupc giJ sang DT tai Viet Nam theo dien Hiep djnh, tri tu 550-650 ngudi BSt dau tir giai doan nay, thue hien chu tn/ong cua hai Chinh phu "hpp tac B T tren nhieu kenh, nhieu hinh thdc; coi trpng hap tac B T giua cac dja phuong, eac co sd DT va cac doanh nghiep nhim xay dung nen tang mdi cho su phattrien ngudn nhan luc phue vu cho nhu cau hap tac vaphat trien kinh temdinudc",s6'LHS Lao duae gHa sang BT tai Viet Nam rat da dang va phong phu ve hinh thdc cung n h u q u y m o D T Tinh tc(thc( diem eudi thang 11/2012, sdLHS Lao hien dang hpc tap d Viet Nam khoang 4.800 ngudi Ngoai ra, hang nam VietNam cdn nhanhangtram can bd eaJ3 eao thupc cac bp, nganh trung uang eua Cpng hda dan chunhan dan Lao (CHDCND Lao) sang tham du eae Idp tap huan, boi dudng ngan han tdS-S thang tai cac tmng tam, hpe vien cao cap cua Viet Nam Cac hoat dong hgp tac giao due khac Song song vdi cdng tac DT phat trien NNL cho Lao, thuc hien chu truang cua hai Nha nude, hai ben khdng ngdng md rdng su hgp tae giup dd l l n vdi nhieu chudng trinh hgp tac nhu xay dung ea sd vat chat tn;dng hgc, bien sogn ehuang trinh tai lieu giang day va hd tra chuyen gia va hgp tac nghien cdu khoa hpc 1} Cong tac xay tiung casa vat cliai Tren ca sa eac Hiep djnh hgp tae da dugc ki ket, tdnam 1995 den nay, bang nguon vdn cua Chinh phu Viet Nam vien tracho Lao, BgGD-DT Viet Nam da giup Lao xay dLfng: trirdng dan tdc ndi tnj (DTNT), gdm: Tn/dng DTNTtinh Xa v i n Na KhSt, Trudng DTNT tinh U Ddm Xay, Trudng DTNT linh Cham Pa S5c, Trudng DTNT tinh Se Kdng, Tn/dng DTNT Ilnh Hda Phan (dp linh San La lam chu dau tu) va Tn/dng DTNT linh Xieng Khoang; ki tuc xa cho LHS nude ngoai lai Dai hpc qucc gia Vien Chan; Tn/dng nang khieu vadubi dai hoc Vien Chan; Trudng PTTH; Trudng PTTH l^uu nghj Lao - Viet Nam (qualang cua nguyen Tong Bithu Nong Ode Manh cho Thu Vien Chan), Trudng PTTH Ludng Nam Tha (do linh VTnh Phuc lam chu dau lu), Trudng PTTH tinh Ludng Pha Bang He thdng cac tn/dng neu tren da tao dieu kien cho em eac bp tpc Lao dugc tap tmng hpc tap, gdp phan cai thien ddi sd'ng, van hda cho nhan dan * IfB Giao doc dai I]QC - Bg Giao dvc va Oao tao Tap chi Giae due so 311 (ki - 6/2013) - cac bp tpc L i o tai cac vung sau, vung xa, nai DT dpi doan cong tae hpc hoi kinh nghiem, trao doi chuyen gia, giao vien ngu can bp nguon tirong lai cho Lao Nhin nhan ve k e t q u a D T NNL giiip Lao 2) Cong tac ho trqchuyen gia va cti giao vien Nhin tong quat, cdng tac DT dpi nqu can bp cho sang day tieng Viet tai Lao Ngay giai doan dau tranh giai phong dan tpc cua Lao, de giup xay Lao da cang dupc tang cudng ve so lupng, cai di/ng hethong giao due tai vung giai phong, Viet Nam thien ve chat lupng, vdi cae phucmg thdc vatoai hinh OT da cu hang tram lu'Ot chuyen gia sang giup Lao xay da dang, phong phi) dap dng yeu cau dol men cijasu dung Tn/dng Oai hpc Su pham dau tien tai vung giai nghiep each mang Lao^ phong Lao (Na Khao, Sam Nt/a) Sau dat nuac Suhpp tac giiip ddl&i Unh vi/c GD-OT Lao dupc giai phong, cac chuyen gia giao due Viet da dem lai tae dung lau dai, cac LHS Lao sau trd Nam tiep tiJC sang giup ve bien soan sach giao khoa, ve nude hau het da phathuy dupe nang luc cua minh, hieu dinh chirong trinh giang day a cac bae hpc tt/ gdp phan tich cue cho su nghiep doi mdi, phat trien phothong den dai hpc Trong nhung nam gan day KT-XH va hpi nhap eija CHDCND Lao; nhieu ngudi nhu cau hpc tieng Viet cang cac Bp GD-DT da trdthanh can bp giii cae eudng vi quan trpng da Cli cac GV sang giang day tieng Viet va cac mon cac nganh, cac ban dtmng uang va dja phuang tioac khoa hpc tunhien trdthanh cac can bp, chuyen vien va nhiJng nha kinh 3) Cung cap chuang trinh, tai Hpu va sach doanh cd tieng eua Lao Tuy nhien, theo danh gia cua doan kiem tra lien giao khoa Bp GD-BT Viet Nam da cung cap dap iJng kjp tho^ cac yeu cau cua Lao ve toan bp chuong nganh Lao ve chat lupng DT, cd tdi hon 90% so LHS trinh, sach giao khoa a tat ca cac bae hpc cua Viet ch! dat trinh dp trung binh hoae kem; nguyen nhan Nam de phia Lao tham khao va nghien cuu tren tinh chinh d i n den ketquahpc cua LHS Lao yeu la than giup Dyan bien soan Bp TCr dien Viet • Lao, trinh dp tiS'ng Viet cdn yeu, trinh dp hpc van cd ban Lao - Viet va bp Giap trinh tieng Viet day cho ngudi thap han so vdi sinh vien Viet Nam Lao da lioan {2011) va da dua vao si/ dung Djnh hirdng va noi dung hop tac Viet - Lao chinh thiic dau nam hpc 2011 -2012 Iinh viJC giao due phattrien NNL f;£'//T/)/?u'OT7g;HaptacGD-DTvaDTphattn§'n 4) Hop tac nghien cuu khoa hpc Chinh phu Vi§t Nam da ho trocho Lao ti dong bing von vien trp N N L la nhiem vu chien lupc iau dai gli/a hai nude nhlm hinh dpi ngu can bpcd day du nang lue vanhan khong hoan lai Iinh vuc nghien cuu khoa hpc Trong nhimg nam gan day, cac cd sd DT cua Viet thiic mpt each sau sac vemoi quan he hOu nghj truyen Nam (nhuTruongDH Bach khoa HaN6i,TrucfngDH thong, doan ket dae bietva h(fp tae toan dien giiJa hai Kinh te quoc dan ) da gop phan hpp tac vdi giao due nude, tao long tin vung chae lau dai lln nhau, gop Lao finh vi/e nghien ctJu khoa hpc vcfi nhieu phan tang eudng ben vung moi quan heglQa haiOang hai Nha nude va nhan dan hai nude hinh thtic da dang phong phu 5)CdngtacDTLHSVietNamtaiLao.\/mnh than hpp tac toan dien tren tat cacac finh vt/c: an ninh, quoc phong, kinh te, van hoa, thupng msii va dich vy; Chung ta can co mot dpi ngu can bp am tiieu sau s i c dat ni/occon ngi/di Lao, thong ttiao ngon ngQ Lao Vi vay, Chinh phu Viet Nam chu trupng gui DT can bp tai ta/dng DHQG Lao Ke h i nam 1982 tdi da cd ktioang 500 ngt/di sang hpc tap tai nude ban Lao bing hpc bong Chinh phu Lao cap 6) Cac hoat dgng hgp tac ket nghia va trao tfo/'rfoancd/T£r'3c Cho den nay, ngoai 10 tinh CO bi§n gidi giap Lao ed nhieu chupng trinh ket nghTa toan dl^n vdi Lao, mpt sdtinh, eung dacd nhi^u hoat dpng hop tac ho trp ban b^ng nguon ngan sach cua minh n h i / T P Ho Chi Minh, TP Ha Npi, Thai Nguyen, Yen Bai, Phu Thp, Nam Djnh, Vinh Phuc, Binh Duong, Vinh Long Hinh thuc hp^ tac rat phong phii da dang nhu DT LHS, trao dol 10 Tap chi Gido due so 311 2) Ngi dung va bien phap chti yeu Thi/c hien hpp tacDT theo nhieu kenh, nhieu hinh thtic Coi trpng hop tac DT gliJa cac dia phUdng, cac CO sdDT va cac doanh nghiep nhlm xay dung nen tang mdi cho suphattrien NNL phyc vu cho nhu cau hc^ tac va phat trien kinh te mdi nude Thong nhat quan li DT dai han chinh quy cac nganh chinh tri, kinh te, van hoa, khoa hpc kTthuat vao mpt dau md'i (bao gom OTtheo Hiep djnh vahpp tac OT cua cac dja phi/ong, doanh nghiep) nhlm dam bao chat li/png OT va hieu qua su'dyng sauDT Tang eudng nang luc dpi ngu can bp quan li giao due cac cap cua Lao, trpng tam la xay dt/ng dpi ngu ndng cot cho Hpc vien Quan li giao dye Lao (mdi duoc lap), DT giang vien cot can quoc gia de sau td'chiic tap huan dai tra cho dpi ngu can bpquan Hcac (Xem tiep trang 49} -(kil-6/2013) ... day a cac bae hpc tt/ gdp phan tich cue cho su nghiep doi mdi, phat trien phothong den dai hpc Trong nhung nam gan day KT-XH va hpi nhap eija CHDCND Lao; nhieu ngudi nhu cau hpc tieng Viet cang... nude nhlm hinh dpi ngu can bpcd day du nang lue vanhan khong hoan lai Iinh vuc nghien cuu khoa hpc Trong nhimg nam gan day, cac cd sd DT cua Viet thiic mpt each sau sac vemoi quan he hOu nghj truyen