U I WAN ttlAO DM< PAY H»C Tir QUAN DIEM CUA DAM PHUQNG NGHI VE GIAO DUG TRE MAM NON HIEN NAY O A N G TH! N G O C PHLTONG" I V a l n e t v e n u s i D a m Phuong Bam Phuong hay nUsTSgrn Phuong (1881 19[.]
U I.WAN ttlAO DM< PAY H»C Tir QUAN D I E M CUA D A M PHUQNG NGHI VE GIAO DUG TRE MAM NON HIEN NAY O A N G TH! N G O C PHLTONG" I V a l n e t v e n u s i D a m Phuong Bam Phuong hay nUsTSgrn Phuong (18811947) la mdl nha giao dye ndi lieng, xual than Idmol gia dinh quyen quy Ba la nu Ihu cua H o j n g Hda thugn vuong, trai thii 66 eua vua M Inh Mang, la me cua nha v5n IHai Trieu va la ba ndi cua nha tho Nguyen Khoa filem Ba lai gidl va tinh Ihdng nhieu linh vuc: bao chi, van chuong, khoa hpe, giao due (GD): Irong dd, ba dgc bigt chu trpng van hda dng xutrong G D eho Ire Ba da tifng viel nhdng cud'n sach nd'i tieng: "Gia dinh": "Phep giao due cho tre nha"; "Xa hdi giao due" Nhung quan diem ya phuang phap (PP) ma ba de xuat cho tdi v l n cdn nhieu gia tri Vdi nhiing ddng gdp lo ldn ciJa minh, cd the' gpi ba la nha GD nd dau lien cua VielNamthekiXX mpt ddi ngudi Nghj luc va tri tug xuat hign gap mdt CO thd' tap dudng khdng diing phep ngudi Idn qua nuong chieu, qua cung Ire Ihi li tri va nghi lue cua Ire se hu hdng, di vao be tjc _ Tap dudng va GD Ire la mdt cdng vigc khd nhung v l n cdthelhuc hien dupc Bam Phuong da gpiymdl sdPP hieu nghiem day ddtre, dd la, phai luan Ihu Iheo quy Cli va ehuyen can Nguyen t i c cua PP la qua trinh nudi dudng Ire, phai eham Ire, dgy tre theo dung phep ISc, dudng Idi Vi du, thdi gian an cua tre phai dupc sip dgt, phan chia theo diing gid, an diing phep, Neu khdng tuan Ihu dung quy eu ma lai nudng chieu Ire se Ird nen uong nggnh, cung dau, d i n den khdng phyc lung cd giao, ngupc lai, neu GD Ire bai ban, cd khoa hpe, tre se cd ddc hgnh, nhgn pha'm, hua hgn mdl cudc sdng hgnh phiic.Tiep Iheo, Nhung quan diem GD noi bat phgi chii y ve sinh va A/a/?//'nhlm lam cho cp the' Bam Phuong rat coi Irpng cdng viee GD Ire em, mgnh khde, Iri nao thing, tam Idng nhan hau bPi Ire em la luong lai cua dat nudc, bdi vay, vigc cham Day Ire dau lien ia phal day su sgeh se Ne'u khdng sdc, GD va bao vg tre em khdng cht ia cdng vigc cua sgchse Ihi seanh hudng de'n vesinh than the, phupng gia dinh ma cua toan xa hpi, dae biel la nhung nam hgi den tam linh ngudi: "nguai ban thiu quen, dau tign trudc budc vao ligu hpc, giao vien mam den khdn idn, tam tinh cang ban thiu, quan he non(GVMN) cdvai trd rat quan trpng, bdi hp la ngudi cho ddi ngudi, vay thi sach sela dieu thd nhat dell nen mdng dap tgo nhan each ngudi cho xa cugcsdng"{]; tri 96) Day Ire sgeh se la blettucham hgi lupng iai, hinh nhan each cho eon tre Bdi sde ban than Id viec siic mieng, danh rang, n/a mat, the, quatrinh GD, can ehu trpng nhi/ng die'm co an ngu diing gid Tn/de an phal ve sinh sach se, ban Ihi khdng oho an, tdc thi, Irese bletvang Idi ngudi ban sau: 1) Co pp l$p duong va GD tre em phu hgp: Idn.Be'cd than the khpe mgnh,Ire phgi cd sue luc,cd Mdi diia Ire deu nhu nhCing mam xanh, nhiem vu cua gigp phal tap chp tre biet chiu dung mua, nlng, Ignh, ngucHGOia'phaivunxoimdlnaynidugc Chinh nlicf ndng de' sgu ngy tre cd sue de khgng lot ma phdng GDdakh6lphatcaimammmgay vunxt)itap luyen ehd'ng benh tgt Ngoai rg, can chu trgng den thdc an vol nhdng PP thich hgp thi tre mdi phat then hoan cua fts eho tre an it thit, khdng cho gia vi vao thiic an, toan '{\) D P d d ba nhan manh den vigc chu y cac nen dung nhieu trai cay de' cho ti vj cua Ire lieu hda giai dpan phal trie'n quan trpng l u Ire Ipl Idng eho nhanh, mat khoe An ud'ng diing gid, hgn che an qua den tud'i va sau dd Trong khoang thdi gian nay, vat, an cd chdng mye degiusdc khde theo ba, phai diing PP tap duong Tgp dudng hudng GD tam tinh la dieu can nhan manh Ihd hai: "gid d i n Ire ham mudn va thuc hanh dieu thien, lanh xa gin cai tinh mgt each dieu hoa Pham suday tre la didu ac GV luygn tap, hudng d i n nhdng glai doan quan tn?ng nhung se cd anh hudng lau dai den ca ' TnrinjBai live sir pham - Dal lioc Hue (ki 2-4/2013)- Tap chi Gido due so 308 17 dayciitim tinh tn/dc, khoan trau doi be ngoii vgi de cho lai cii ft/ nhien mdi quy, mdi thuan phad (1; tr183) Phai day tam tinh tre thang, lam viec gi cung phai xin phep, khdng dugc tien Neu khdng setham lam, hanh dong mdtcaeh vd tam, d i bj due vgng sai khien Mgt vain denija can chu y, phai day tre ngan nap biet quy dijng, chai cua minh Day tre biet gidchutin, biet gid ldi hiM: "Pham ciigidaht/a cho tiJC thi phai giu ldi hu^ (1; tr197} Nuoi day tre theo dao due la dieu G V can chu y Khdng nuong chieu tre, khong nen thoa man long tham cua tre, tap cho tre khdng ndi dd'i Day tre phai nghiem nghj nhung khong nen qua nghiem kh§c, phai biet tdn trgng ngudi kirn Tre cdn nho d i day nen G V can diing nhung Idi hay, ngot ngao de khuyen nhu tre, tat tre se lam theo, vang idi Su nghiem nghi eua cd giao khien tre hieu va phuc tung, nhung khdng nen detrequa phuc tung, sghai ma danh mat di ban tinh tuchu, ddc lap cua minh.Trong sgday nghiem nghi can phai cd nghe thuat, d i n d^t dua tri nao cua tre hanh dgng diing, tranh xa loi ap dat 2) GD tre em la mpt nghe thuiUJre tren tud'i tri thdc da khai md, day chinh la thdi diem de day tre ve nhung van de cua ddi song xa hgi Theo ba' "Day tre khong phai chi hoc bil, hgc vietma thoi, phaidem nhung bii Oiudng thdc chi ve tnfdc lai, Iheo tinh tinh ham hgc hoi ma din dti, dua dittutudng cho tri thuc mdmang ra, mpttua biet them mpttP (1; tr429) Dam Phuang da diem diing tam li cua chiing ta, ngudi \dn thudng tfiuong tre, vi thuong ma nudng chieu khien tredd hu Nguge lai, neu cd giao qua nghiem kh^c, lai bd budc tri thuc cua tre la di nguge lai vdi quy luat cua sg GD Dam Phuong khuyen ngudi Idn day tre phai day su hien lanh, nhan ddc, song cd dao ddc, tam tinh tmng thuc, khdng nen lay roi vgt ma day: 'Liy mi vot mi day li mgt stf xuat u bat die di, chd nen dung thudng, vi trudc li mit tinh cam yeu men, sau H lam te liet nhan each cua tre, cho nen dua tre nao bi dinh dip laicingngu dpn nua, chiu dinh ming di quen khong biet cai Si/liem si lagi Bdi &\e mi each day tre con, phai dem caminhlim tim gucfng nua ehukhong chili day tre thoi daii' (1; tr429) Tre d tua dugc cae nha tam li ggi la thdi ki phat cam cua cam xuc tham ml Tre kha tmh te, nhay ben tn/dc cai dep ciia thien nhien, cudc sd'ng va nghethuat eda tre vuisudngtn/dcmgtehoi non dang he nd, hanh phiic ngam dan ga di lai san Tre that su amg cam nghe mdt lan dieu hay, thay mgt bdc tranh dep, Chinh nhung tinh cam cao dep la dieu kien thuan Igi de GVMN cho tre iam quen vdi cai dep cugc sdng, dua tre den vdi mgi loai hinh nghe thuat sang trgng, y nghTa cua loai ngudi Rd rang, sg cam thu ve eudc song, ve the gidi xung quanh ciia tre khong chi la thien bam ma dd la qua trinh tich luy kinh nghiem tdcudc sdng cua ban than cgng vdi su tich cue hoat dgng tam li cua chinh tre Mud'n GD tre mdtcaeh cdhieu qua, GVMN phaihieu ve qua trinh phat trien tam li cua ehinh tre de ket qua GD dat hieu quacao 3) Phil ngan ngua thoi xiu ciia tre: G D tre phai chii y den nhutig hanh vi cua tre, ngan chan nhung viec lam sai trai cua tre td nho de co su dieu chinh kip thdi Dga tren tam li cua ngudi lam cha, lam me, 0am Phuong lap luan: "si}a tinh khitrekhicon nhothidShon visdm thi mau cong hieu han; cha me nao eung yeu thuang nhung yeu thuang ma chd nen chieu lim, nhieu ngudi yeu den ndi yeu luon tinh xiu cua eon, bdi viy mi tip nhieu tinh xa'u xa" 4) Co PP thudng phat, ki luat thich hop: Su tn/ng phat la mdt dieu can thiet day tre pham lii de tre y thuc dugc ldi lam cua minh ma lan sau khdng tai pham Nguoe lai, c6 hinh thdc khen thudng hgp li tre ngoan cung khien tre cam nhan dugc niem vui, hanh phiic khidugc thudng venhung viec lam tot ciia minh Su thudng hay phat diing d^n deu lam cho tre sau ngudi ddng d^n, khdn ngoan, sd'ng co dao li tn/dc sau Su thudng phat phai gitip tre hieu nguyen nhan visao dugc th udng, vi bi phat Khong nen phat tre b§ng each danh dap, chui m&ng se lam anh hudng den nhan each cua tre sau 5) G VMN phai thirc $u la tim guong sang cho tre noi theo: Dam Phucmg cho r&ng, ngudi lam cha, lam me phai cd GD mdi GD duge nhan each eho tre.Dieu khdng phai aicung lam duoc Day tre phai CO nghe thuat, dung vgi vang khong GD tre la mdt edng trinh vT dai nhait vi the chat va che tre theo each hieu nao do, tuthan tre se cd nhung tam hon tre phat trien va bie'n dd'i theo nhieu chieu phat hign bait ngdva kien giai dgc dao Chiing cd the hUOTig, GD tre phai ludn tham dd, ddi theo subien tudng tugng Au Co la chim, Lgc Long Quan la ca, dd'i ay Tat ca la dua vao luang tam, traeh nhiem va chim hda tien, ca hoa rong de tram tning Dieu tinh cam ciia GVMN bdi hg la ngudi cd anh hudng cd sue manh hdn m gi ldi giai thich ve su tien hda sau dam nhait den tam tinh, thai i/ng xucua Ire, va quan he doan ket dan tdc tniru tugng cua ngudi kin vay, G V phai hdi tu du tai, nang lue hgc van, phai 18 Tap chi Giao due so 308 -(ki2-4/2023) luyen tap va trau doi nhihig due tinh quy bau, sdng cd quy eu, traeh nhidm, trat t u d e G D tre Dieu ddi hdi GVMN phai that s u tan tam, thdng minh va trach nhiem Khdng nhung tlie, GVMN phai euong quyet day tre mdi mong dat ducrc ket qua tot Thai dd cuang quyet ehu khdng qua nghiem khie, dgc doan vdi tre Ddng ap dat, day dd tre b i n g tinh yeu va tam Idng nhan ai, chan eua minh thi se duae cac em ddn nhan Tinh ciia tre xau hay tdt se thua hUOTigd cdgiao, eho nen, GV phai thue sg la taim guong sang mdi cd the' day dd tre nen ngudi, 'Tre em mat la tre em" nen ehung cd the gidi cua neng minh, edeach nhin neng,ednang luc rieng khac han ngucri ldn Do dd, deGD tre, phaicd PP phii hgp, khoa hgc Quan diem cua Dam Phuang ve GD each day da gan mdt the ki ntiung v i n la nhung bai hgc cd gia tri sd'ng ddng, quy bau ma ehung ta cd the finh hdi de djnh hudng dung d i n GD trenhung chu nhan tuang lai cua dat nudc • Mpt SO bien phap quan li (Tiep theo trang 16) can bg QLSV eua khoa bao cao to'ng hgp ve tinh hinh SV ngoai tni (cd bie'u m i u ) ve phdng Chinh tri va Cdng tac HSSV Phdng Chinh tri va Cong tac HSSVphdihgpcacphdng ban,Doan TNCS HoChi Minh, Hgi SV, can bd QLSV d khoa, td'tu quan SV ngoai tni phoi hgp vdi canh sat khu vuc, to' dan phd kiem tra thudng ki, kiem tra dot xua't ve viec chap hanh cac quy djnh (cd bieu mau thuc hien), xd li kjp thdi eac vi pham, bie'u duang khen thudng SV thuc hien tdt cac quy djnh To' ehuc giao ban ve QLSV ngoai tni, mdi hgc ki mdt lan (thanh phan: dai dien cua Hgc vien, dai dien UBND xa phudng, canh sat khu vuc, td'dan pho, totu quan SV ngoai tni); chuan bj tot ngi dung bao cao, dd neu dugc cae ket qua cg the, khuyet diem, tdn tai, nguyen nhan va de xuatcach khac phuc Vigc tang cudng QLSV ngoai tni se giiip eho SV cd chd hgc t$p va sinh boat ngoai gid len Idp dugc tot hdn; giiip nang cao ket qua hgc tap, dong thdi han che te nan xa hgi Hgc vign YDHCT Viet Nam da ed nhieu bien phap QLSV ngoai tni de dua edng tac da di vao nen nep Day la nhung bien phap mang tinh he thdng, dong bg, tuan theo quy trinh QLGD, dugc tap the CBOL danh gia eao • (1) Le Thanh Hifin (sun t^m bien soan gicii thieu) Nguygn Khoa DiSm (b6 sung, sira ehira) Tuyen tap DamPtiinrngnirsi NXB Vdn Ape,TP HdChiMinh, 2010 SUMMARY Dam Phuong the first woman educator of Viet Nam in the beginning of the 20 th century showed her new opinions, and methods of kid education which are still valuable at present Teaching kids is to observe the old regulation and diligent: In the interests ofhyglence, morals not In order to harm personal disposlton Preschool teachers train kids from the small things in their life, polit to the adults, knowing how to apologize, and how to put rusish tn trash, how to respect prestige, how to hold promise and teach them to be gentle and kind, to Dve morally with true disposition Jt had not better use rod in education Of course those are Just things which make us think deeply of kids eduacation Tai lieu t h a m kh^o I B6 GD-DT Tim hieu Luflt Giao d u e 2005 NXB Gido due, H 2005 BO GD-DT Cdng v3n sdi 0101 cua BdGD-DT ve viic hu&ng diin ihuc hifn cdng tdc hoc sinh sinh viin nam hgc 2008-2009 ngdy 30/10/2008 ^ B6 GD-DT Quy che cfing tdc hoc sinh sinh vifen ngoai tru cac t r u v n g dai hoc, cao dSng, trung hoc chuytin nghiep H 2002 COng an qufln H^ D6ng Bdo cdo tinh hinh kit qud cdng Idc phd'i h(rp ddm bdo an ninh trdt lucdc trudng dgi hoc cao ddng trung hgc chuyin nghidp trin dia bdn Ha Ddng cdc quy- 1.2 ndm 2009 Nguyen Ngoc Quang Nhung khai niem c o h a n ve ii luan q u a n li giao due Trud-ng Cdn bd qudn ligido ducvaddot(io,H 1990 SUMMARY The Effective management of external students certainly contributes not only to the success of the Universitytrainingobjectives, butalso to theUmitaUon of social problems among students.Vletnam University of Ti^dlUonal Medicine has been applying such effecUve measures of external studentmanagement as Building specific regulations of external student management: Buiding the database of external students: Implementing the plan of external student management effectively: strengthening the inspection and evaluation of the management of external students These measures with the consistency and feasibilityhas been contribuUng to improving the general management ofthe Vietnam University of TradiUonal Medicine Tap chi Gido due so 308 (ki 2-4/2023)' 19 ... te, nhay ben tn/dc cai dep ciia thien nhien, cudc sd''ng va nghethuat eda tre vuisudngtn/dcmgtehoi non dang he nd, hanh phiic ngam dan ga di lai san Tre that su amg cam nghe mdt lan dieu hay, thay... nghe thuat sang trgng, y nghTa cua loai ngudi Rd rang, sg cam thu ve eudc song, ve the gidi xung quanh ciia tre khong chi la thien bam ma dd la qua trinh tich luy kinh nghiem tdcudc sdng cua ban... Chiing cd the hUOTig, GD tre phai ludn tham dd, ddi theo subien tudng tugng Au Co la chim, Lgc Long Quan la ca, dd''i ay Tat ca la dua vao luang tam, traeh nhiem va chim hda tien, ca hoa rong de tram