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MOT SO SUY NGHI TRONG \ I ^ THIET KE C H l « G TRJNH DAO TAO CAO OANG H^ TIN CHI d TRl/OfNG CAO D A N G CONG NGHlgP CAO SU Ngdy nay, d i ddp Ung ydu edu cCia thi trUdng lao ddng, ydu edu ngUdl lao ddn[.]
MOT SO SUY NGHI TRONG \ I ^ THIET KE C H l « G TRJNH DAO TAO CAO OANG H^ TIN CHI d TRl/OfNG CAO D A N G CONG NGHlgP CAO SU Ngdy nay, d i ddp Ung ydu edu cCia thi trUdng lao ddng, ydu edu ngUdl lao ddng sou dUgc ddo tgo phdi thdnh thgo chuyin mdn nghl$p vy, cd khd ndng linh hogt tidp nhdn nhUng kidn thOc, cdng nghd mdi Cdc trUdng cao ddng, dgi hpc Vidt Nam dang gdp rut chuyin ddn tU hinh thOc ddo tgo theo nidn chd song ddo tgo dgng tin ehl TrUdng Cao E)dng Cdng Nghidp Cao Su mdi ehl ddo tgo trlnh dd cao ddng dUgc ndm, dd cd mdt ndm thO nghl0m ddo tgo theo h0 tfn ch? nhung cung dd cd nhiiu cd gdng d i vdn hdnh cd bd mdy nhd trudng quen ddn vdi hinh thUc ddo tgo mdi ndy Bdn cgnh nhOng uu, khuydt diim, chung tdi thdy cdn phdn tfch sdu hon mdt nhOng khdu then chdt vide thyc hidn h# ddo tgo tfn chi E)d Id phdi xdy dyng mgt quy trlnh vd chOOng trlnh m i m d i o cdn ndy Id ngodi hpc thy ddng theo ngudi dgy, ngUdi dgy c d gdng truyin dgt dugc nhiiu Win thOc nhdt, Tuy nhidn vide ddnh gid kit qud hpc tdp sd gdp phdi khd khdn vl mUc dd "ndng sdu* cOa kidn thOc khdng dugc t h i hidn rd rdng, Vdl tdc dd phdt triin khoa hgc vd cdng ngh$ nhu vO bdo, kidn thOc gia tdng theo hdm mO, CTDT dugc thiit kd theo ndl dung sd b i tdc vl khdng t h i truyin thy dCi ndl dung mdt thdi gian hgn chd, vd ndl dung truyin thy cung nhanh chdng Igc hdu Ngudi dgy thUdng k i u ca thdi gian ddnh cho chUdng trlnh qud ngdn, khdng thi truyin thy dCi ndl dung cdn thidt Cdch tidp cdn myc tiiu (Objective approach) Theo cdch tidp cdn ndy, CTDT phdi dUgc xdy dyng xudt phdt tO myc tidu ddo tgo Dya trdn myc tidu ddo tgo ngudi igp chUdng trinh mdi quydt djnh lUa chpn ndl dung, phUOng phdp ddo tgo cung nhU cdch ddnh gid kdt qud hpc tdp Myc tidu ddo tgo d ddy dugc tiii hlpn dUdI dgng myc tidu ddu ro: tUc Id nhOng thay ddi v i hdnh vl cOa ngUdI hgc Cdch tidp cdn myc tidu chO trpng ddn sdn phdm ddo tgo vd col ddo tgo Id cdng cy d i tgo ndn sdn phdm vdl edc tidu chudn dinh sdn Myc tidu ddo tgo phdi dugc xdy dyng rd rdng cho cd t h i dinh lugng dUpc vd dCing nd Idm tidu chf d i ddnh gid hidu qud ddo tgo Dya vdo myc tidu ddo tgo cd t h i d i ro ndl dung klin thOe ddo tgo, phUdng phdp gidng dgy, phuong phdp ddnh gid NhU vdy vdl cdch; xdy dyng CTDT ndy thi mye tidu cy t h i , chi tlit tgo thudn Ipi cho vide ddnh gid hidu qud vd chdt^ lUgng CTDT, ngUdi hpc vd ngUdI dgy bidt rd cdn phdi dgy vd hpc nhu thd ndo d i dgt muc tidu, cho phdp xdc dinh cdc hinh thOc ddnh gid kit qud hpc tdp cue ngudI hgc Nhu Chung to dd bidt 12 ddc diim cOa hd ddo tgo theo tin chi thi ddc dlim v i chUdng trlnh dugc nhdn mgnh nhu sou: 'ChUdng tnnh dao tgo ptidi co tinh mSm d4o cd vS n^i dung vd cd'u true d4 ngudi hgc dS It/a chqn Theo do, cung vdi cdc hgc phdn bdt bu0c phdi c6 cho mdi ChUdng trinh phdi c6 cdc hgc phdn tu chgn.' Trudc hdt xdt v i vide thidt kd xdy dyng chUdng trinh cao ddng, cdn phdn bl^t chUdng trlnh ddo tgo dUgc thidt k i theo kiiu ndo, Theo GS.TSKH Ldm Quang Thidp', vide xdy dyng chUdng trinh ddo tgo (CTDT) cd cdch tiip cdn nhU sou: T Cdchtidpcdn rtdi dung (content approach) Vdi cdch tidp cdn ndy thi chUdng trtnh ddo tgo chf Id bdn phdc thdo ndl dung ddo tgo, gido dye ChT Id qud trlnh truyin thy ndl dung kidn thOc Ddy Id cdch tidn cdn xdy dyng CTDT, theo dd myc tidu cOa ddo tgo chfnh Id npi dung klSfn thOc Cdch tiin cdn cdn rdt phd biin d nOdc ta, md trudng CDCNCS cOng khdng phdi Id ngogi id Nhu vdy diiu quan trpng nhdt Id xdc djnh Theo cdch tidp cdn ndy CTDT chdng khde gl bdn rd, dOng myc tidu ddo tgo, myc tidu phdi dope myc lye cua mpt cudn sdch gido khoo Phoang phdn d|nh rd theo ITnh vyc: Nh0n thdc, ky ndng phdp gidng dgy thich hgp nhdt vdi cdch tidp vd linh cdm thdi d0 theo B Bloom ' GS.TSKH Lflm Quang Thl$p - NguySn Vy tn/dng vy dql hgc, BGD&DT So: 08/2012 fii^n,«iiiimiAiiiJiyiH:m!i=iMa Cdch tidp cdn phdt trl^n (Development approach) Theo Keliy^, "CTBT la m0t qud trinh, vd gido due Id mgt si/ phdt trien" Gido d y e phdi p h d t trien tdi d a mpi n d n g luc tiem d n mdi c o n ngOdi, Idm c h o hp Idm c h i j dUpe nhOng tlnh h u d n g , dUOng d d u d o p e vdi nhUng t h d c h thUc se g g p phdi c u p c d d i m p t c d c h chCi d p n g v d sdng t g o ; gido d y e Id q u d trinh tid'p didn lidn t y c , sudt d d i , d o v d y nd khdng t i i d g c trUng b d n g chT m p t m y c dfch cudi c u n g ndo, Theo c d c h tidp c d n n d y CTDT phdi Id m p t q u d trlnh c d n phdi t h y c hlpn cho c d the g i u p ngUdI h g c p h d t trien td'l d o e d c t d c h d t sdn c d nhdm d d p Ong m u c tieu d d o t g o E)di ehieu vdi tlnh hinh t h y c t e , thi c d c h t i i p e d n xdy d y n g CTDT trdn khd ttiUc hlpn d Vl$t Nam, Tom Igl, v i hinh thUc, e d c c h u o n g trlnh d d o t g o h d c a o d d n g tin c h ! cOa trudng CE)CNCS cGng e d n d u m y e tidu, p h u o n g p h d p d d n h gid, nhUng c d n khd nhieu sai sdt khdu xdc djnh m u c tidu, p h u o n g p h d p d d n h g i d , p h u o n g p h d p d g y - hoc NhU v g y , d o a nhOng c h u o n g trlnh n d y v d o gidng d g y , se khd m d d d n h gid d u n g d u p e n d n g loc ngUOi h p c , d d n h gid d u n g dUpc hipu q u d d d o t g o C d the ndi, n h i i u chUOng trlnh c u a Chung t a e h g m ddi mdi, thidu m i m d e o c d v i e d u trOc ldn ndi d u n g , Phd bidn tlnh trgng q u d tdi ve khdi lUgng c h u o n g trlnh v d sd lupng c d c h p c p h d n Idm c h o e h u o n g trinh q u d ' vun vgt Thidu chO trpng khdu bidn sdgn d e cOdng chi tidt h p c p h d n ; n h i i u d i c u o n g chi tidt c d n kdt e d u n g n g "tfnh nIen che" Nhin nhgn m p t e a c h khdch q u a n , m p t sd CTDT c a o d d n g tfn ch? c h o a d u p e " m d d u n " h o a , d i i u n d y CO nghTa "Vo tfn ch!- njgtni§n che",nhus/gy m u d n t h a y ddi m g t h o p e m p t vdi m d n mdi n d o d d theo y d u e d u cOa thj trudng lao d p n g thi g d n n h u phdi Idm Igi c d chUOng trinh d d o t g o Ddc bipt d c d c khdu Id ludn phdi tim k i i m c d c thdng tin p h d n hdi d i kjp thdi d i i u chfnh tOng khdu cCia q u d trlnh xdy dUng v d hodn thl$n c h u o n g trlnh Y d u e d u ngUdI x d y d y n g c h u o n g trlnh phdi e d cdi nhin b a o q u d t t o d n b p q u d trlnh d d o t g o , c d n d d m b d o d d m e m d e o c a o sogn t h d o c h u o n g trlnh; phdi d e c h o ngudi true tidp dieu phdi t h y c thi ehUOng trinh v d ngUdi d a y c d q u y e n ehu d p n g dieu chfnh p h g m vi nhdt djnh cho phu hgp vdi hodn c d n h c y the nhdm d g t dUpc m y e tidu d i ThCf hai: C d n luu y rdng chUOng trlnh c a o d d n g chfnh Id mgt b p p h g n e d u thdnh c u a c h u o n g trinh dpi hpc thupc ngdnh tUOng Ung Do d d , CTDT c a o d d n g c d the chOa trgn ven h o p e chUc m p t phdn khdi iupng k l i n thOc gido d y e d g i cUOng, gido d y e c h u y e n nghipp e u a CTDT d g i h p c tUOng Ung, Day chfnh Id tfnh lidn t h d n g giUa c d c b g c d d o t g o , nhU v g y sd d d m b d o sinh vien h p c len e d e ehUOng trlnh dgi h p c se khdng phdi hoe Igi e d e kidn thUe d d hgc d b g c coo ddng ThO Ixt: Cdn d d u tU dung mOc vide bidn sogn d e cUOng ehl tiet, bdi ehf e d n nhin vdo d e eOOng chi tie't d u p e bidn sogn tdt thi ngUdi d g y , ngUdi hpc, nhd qudn ly se phdi Idm gl, idm v d o luc ndo, C d n c U v d o t h y c trgng dpi ngu gido vidn, c o ThO ttf: Ddi vdi c d c ehUOng trlnh c h u y e n ngdnh sd v g t c h d t v d y e u e d u thj trudng lao d p n g thi t h u p c fJnh v y c c a o su, c d n c d sy ket h p p g d p y x d y d y n g CTDT theo c d c h tiep can muc tieu Id cCia c d c c h u y d n gia c u e e d e Ban ky t h u g t cilia m d t gidi p h d p khd thi De Idm dUpe dieu n d y , Tgp d o d n v d c u a c d c c d n g ty, d d n g thdi c d chUng tdi xin kien nghj m d t sd v d n d i sou; t h a m khdo y kien e u a e d e c h u y d n gia sU p h g m ThCf nhdt: Thuc hi0n d u n g , d d y d u e d e bUde d e CTDT d d m b d o tfnh khoa h p c , d g c thu eCia c u a vide p h d t t r i i n chUOng trlnh d d o t g o theo so ngdnh c a o s u , / , d d sou: GVC.ThS Bdi Qudc Trgng ' Kelley A.V, The curriculum; Theo ly and proctlce Third edition, Paul Chapman Publishing Ltd.,1977 i.i,i.uui,f.im,i.i,u||H||||||||j||i||^\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ So:08/2012 ... i m p t c d c h chCi d p n g v d sdng t g o ; gido d y e Id q u d trinh tid''p didn lidn t y c , sudt d d i , d o v d y nd khdng t i i d g c trUng b d n g chT m p t m y c dfch cudi c u n g ndo,... n ngdnh sd v g t c h d t v d y e u e d u thj trudng lao d p n g thi t h u p c fJnh v y c c a o su, c d n c d sy ket h p p g d p y x d y d y n g CTDT theo c d c h tiep can muc tieu Id cCia c d... chUng tdi xin kien nghj m d t sd v d n d i sou; t h a m khdo y kien e u a e d e c h u y d n gia sU p h g m ThCf nhdt: Thuc hi0n d u n g , d d y d u e d e bUde d e CTDT d d m b d o tfnh khoa h