HirONG DJiN HOC SINH INING HOC PHA I H O N G UUIII BN TAP M C HJWIH niGOAl KHOA M O N U C H SIT QUA KHAI THAC TAI UEU T R E N INTERNn O TtiS NGUYEN THU NGA" Nhifng ndm gdn ddy, su tifn dyng, phong phi[.]
HirONG DJiN HOC SINH INING HOC PHA IHONG UUIII BN TAP M C HJWIH niGOAl KHOA M O N U C H SIT QUA KHAI THAC TAI UEU TREN INTERNn O N hifng ndm gdn ddy, su tifn dyng, phong phi) Clio cdc fdi lieu tren mgng cung nhu h'nh phd biln cuo cdng nghf thdng fin da dnh hudng tich eye d i n vife dgy vd hgc ljch sif (LS) d frudng trung hge phd fhdng (THPT) Vdn de ddt ro Id, Idm f h l ndo de gido vien (GV) vifo cd f h l tdn dyng dtroc nhifng kien thifc phong phu md hgc sinh (HS) fim kilm dugc tren mgng, vifa su dyng nhu mgt edng ey, bifn phdp dde lye frong ndng coo kT ndng ty hge eho HS Trong chuang frinh LS THPT hien hdnh, vife Idm bdi tdp thuc hdnh ngogi khod (BTTHNK) if duge quon tdm, fhdm chf bi xem nhe, sd BTTHNK Id khdng ddng kl Cy the: - LS 10 cd BTTHNK: / ; Hdy neu nhirng cdu CO doo v l nghi thu edng md em bilt (Bdi 22); 2) Neu mdt vdi cdng trinh nghf thudt hay Idn difu ddn ca d djo phuong md em bief (Bdi 24); 3) Hdy suu tdm nhifng cdu co doo v l truyen fhdng yeu nude cuo ddn tdc to (Bdi 28) LS 11 cd BTTHNK: I) Suu tdm fdi lifu, tranh dnh v l cdc nhd van, nhd tho, nhd sogn nhgc, hga sT ndi tilng thdi cdn dgi (Bdi 7); 2) Ddn mdt fdc phdm vdn hgc nghe thudt (ty chgn), neu ddi net v l su phdn dnh ddi sdng xd hgi duong thdi d fdc phdm dd (Bdi 7); 3) Tim hieu nhifng net Idn v l cudc ddi vd hogt ddng cdeh mgng cua M.Gondi (Bdi 15); 4) Suu tdm mdt so fu lifu, vdn kifn Ddng lien quan d i n nhifng sy kifn LS the gidi hifn dgi (1917-1945) (Bdi 18); 5) Suu tdm tdi lifu vd trinh bdy v l thdi nien thieu cua Hd Chf Minh (Bdi So kit LS Viit Nam (1858-1918)) - LS 12, gdm BTTHNK: 1) Suu tdm tu lifu ve td chuc ASEAN (Bdi 4); 2) Suu tdm tu lifu, tranh dnh v l mdt nude d ehdu Phi hode MT Lo finh (fir sou chien tranh the gidi II) md em quon tdm (Bdi 5); 3) Quo bdi hgc vd sdch bdo, hdy neu nhi/ng thdnh h/u khoa hge - cdng nghf tieu bieu cua nude MT md em biff (Bdi d); 4) Tim hieu v l TtiS NGUYEN THU N G A " cudc khdi nghTo gidnh chfnh quyen fhdng Tdm ndm 1945 d djo phuong em (Bdi d) Thdng ke tren eho thdy, ddy Id hgn c h l Idn cua chuong trinh Oe ndm dugc thue t l v l vife hudng ddn HS Idm BTTHNK, chung tdi dd tien hdnh khdo sdt mgt sd GV LS cdc frudng THPT tgi TP Nam Ojnh (ndm hge 2011 -2012), kit qud cho thdy: Hdu hit GV (90%) thudng bd quo cdc dgng bdi tdp ndy, vi cho Id khdng edn thilt, ehi mang tinh fhom khdo, sg mdt thdi gion (trong dd, cd 5% GV khdng h i bilt d i n dgng bdi fdp ndy); - Mdt sd it GV (10%) ed hudng ddn HS Idm BTTHNK, song chuo cd nhung tieu chf ddnh gid, kilm fro ey the, khoo hge nen chdt lugng chuo coo Vi vdy, vife HS khdng biet d i n dgng bdi tdp thuc hdnh ndy hoy ehi Idm quo loo, mong tfnh chilu If eOng Id dieu d l hieu Tren internet eo nhieu vdn d l md HS ed the hr khoi thdc, phye vy hge fdp mdn LS, nhu: ndi dung vdn bdn, vdn kifn, hif p udc; fronh dnh, bdi Viet, bdi binh ludn v l nhdn vdt, sy kifn, dja danh LS BTTHNK Id dgng bdi tgp mdi, Ig giup HS ndng coo vdn hiiu bief, bd sung kiln thirc cho bdi hgc fren Idp, tgo sy say me, thii vdi bd mdn LS; Id bifn phdp huu hifu opng coo kT ndng hr hgc, phdt huy finh ehu ddng, tieh eye ciio HS hogt ddng hgc tdp US Khoi thdc tdi lifu tren Internet, HS se phdt huy, ren luyfn dugc nhilu kT ndng, thoo tdc su dyng Internet: tim kiem tu lifu, hinh dnh, video , dov/locid vd luu trif fdi lifu Trong qud trinh hodn thifn BTTHNK LS, HS cdn phdt huy, phdt friln kT ndng phdn tich, ddnh gid, tdng hgp vd phdn logi fdi lifu; biet tuyen chgn, bien fdp vd trinh bdy fdi lifu thdnh thyc, hifu qud; Id eo hdi td't giup HS ren luyen, st/ dung vd'n ngoai ngir vdo hgc tdp Kl-ii huong ddn HS Idm BHHNK mdn LS, GV nfn luu y: * Tn(Oi{ THPT Trv HMg Bfo - Nam Djiih Tap chi Glao due so 9 (ki % la/aoiai - Ddi higng hudng tdi \d HS THPT d cdc thdnh phd, thj xd, khu ddn eu phdt frien KT ndng st/ dyng Internet cuo HS dgt frinh tuong ddi thdnh thgo Do phdn cdc frudng THPT hifn duge frong bj mdy finh, mgng Internet khd ddy dii vd h/ong dd'i hifn dgi Ody Id dieu kifn quon frgng nhd't eho khd ndng khoi thdc, st/ dyng fdi lifu fren Internet frong hogt dgng dgy - hgc cuo GV vd HS - Tdi lifu tren Internet rd't phong phii, dgng, song cung phifc tgp v l ngudn gdc xud't xif, tin cdy khoo hgc vd quon diem giai cd'p, chinh trj Vi vdy, GV cdn djnh hudng cho HS fheo quon diem Mde-Lenin, chu truong dudng ldi etJo Odng, chfnh sdch vd phdp ludt cuo Nhd nude Tir dd, HS flip cdn dung ddn ngi dung kiln thuc dgt ro, lya chgn thdng tin phii hgp, vuo sife; ddm bdo finh khoo hge, tfnh tu tudng - Sd frong Web ve LS rd't phong phu, dgng, khdng the bilt hit vd khd kilm chung dugc cdc ngudn fhdng tin md HS flip edn, khai thdc Do dd, GV edn djnh hudng edeh nhdn bilt cdc trang Web tin c^y cho HS khoi thdc, nhu: frong Web ed ten miln Id edu, gov, com, org, net, hay GV cung cd'p cdc djo ehi quen thugc vd fin cdy: htfp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki.com: h t t p : / / www.google.com.vn; h t t p : / / w w w , lichsu Vietnam.vn; http://www.bochkhoatoonthu gov.vn; hffp://www.quehuong.org.vn: http:// maps.google.com Quy trinh hudng dan HS Idm BHHNK mdn LS ; ; GV thii't ki'dS tdi BTTHNK Cdn et/ vdo ehuong frinh hge cuo tifng khd'i Idp, GV ehu ddng thilt k l BTTHNK cho phii hgp, vdi hoi dgng chinh: - Ndi dung BTTHNK gdn vdi kien thi/e ehinh cua mdt bdi hge ey f h l Vi dy, dgy Bdi «Cdc qudc gia ed dgi phuong Ddng" (LS 10), GV ed the ro d l tdi: Em hdy suu tdm it nhdt 10 tu liiu, tranh dnh vi nhifng thdnh tyu vdn had Idn cua cdc qudc gia cd dai phuong Ddng Khi hge bdi «So kit LS Viet Nam (1858-1918)" (LS 11), HS phdi ndm dugc dde dilm ndi bdt ciJa LS nude ta glai dogn ndy Id chdng thye ddn Phdp xdm luge vd di tim dudng ei/u nude, nen dd xud't hifn khdng if nhdn vdt LS, frong dd tieu bieu nhd't Id Nguyin Ai Qud'e - Hd Chi Minh Vdi d l tdi: Suu ldm tdi lieu vd Irinh bdy vi thdi niin thieu eua Ho Chi Minh, HS se fy Idm sdng fd ede vdn de: tieu Sl/, ddng Iyc, hudng di fim dudng cuu nude, nhifng ddng gdp cuo Nguyen Ai Qud'e - Hd Chi Minh vdi each mgng Vift Nam gioi dogn 19111918 Nhd dd, bieu fugng Nguyin Ai Qudc Hd Chi Minh dugc khde hga sinh dgng sdu sdc frong tdm thifc HS - Ndi dung BTTHNK «md" ndm khudn khd ehuong trinh, khdng nhd't thief phdi gdn vdi phdn kiln thifc bdt budc, nhung Igi duge HS quon tdm, yeu thfch lyo chgn Vf dy, sou dgy Bdi 20 «Xdy dung vd phdt trien vdn hod ddn tde cdc ihe'ki'X-XV" (LS 10), GV eho HS BHHf^JK dgng «md" vdi de fdi: Em hdy suu tdm it nhdt tdi lieu LS (vii't, tranh dnh ) vi mgt thdnh tyu vdn hod tiiu bleu cua nen vdn hod Thdng Long Oe thye hien bdi tdp ndy, HS phdi xde djnh dt/gc vdn hod Thdng Long - tdp hgp ede fhdnh h/u md ddn fdc to cd dugc ede the ki X-XV Sou ndm chdc phgm vi thdi gion, HS tu lyo chgn mgt thdnh tyu vdn hod tieu bleu minh thu, thudc cdc tinh vyc: tu tudng - tdn gido, gido dye, vdn hgc, nghf thudt, khoo hgc - kT thudt Hodc, frudc hgc Bdi «Nhifng thdnh tyu vdn hoa thdi can dgi" (LS 11), GV eho HS Idm BTTHNK dgng «md": Suu tdm tdi lieu, tranh dnh vi cdc nhd vdn, nhd tha, nhd sogn nhgc, hga sT ndi tie'ng thdi can dgi hodc Ddn mgt tdc phd'm vdn hge nghe hudt (ty chgn), niu doi net vi sy phdn dnh ddi sdng xd hgi duong thdi d tde phdm dd HS dugc tu lya chgn nhifng tdc gid hodc tdc phdm minh yeu thich, d'n tugng d l the hifn y tudng Hodn thdnh bdi tdp, HS se ed thdi kinh trgng, khdm phye, noi guong cdc danh nhdn mdt cdch fy nguyfn Hay dgy Bdi «Cdc nude ehdu Phi vd MT Latinh" (LS 12), GV dung ngoy edu hdi cud'i bdi Idm d l tdi BTTHNK: Suu ldm tdi lieu, tranh dnh vi mat nude d ehdu Phi hade MT Latinh (tif sau chiin tranh thi' gidi II) md em quan tdm 2) GV hudng ddn HS chgn vd phdn logi ldi lieu Khi nhgn de tdi, HS se Idm viee dgc lap theo giao udc, nghTa Id, GV giao ude vdl HS v l nhifm vy phdi thye hien, sd lugng tdi lifu cdn khoi thdc vd thdi gion hodn thdnh Tuy vdo ndi dung vd phgm vi d l tdi, GV ed the eho HS Idm vife cd nhdn hogc theo nhdm N l u Id hinh fhi/c Idm vife fheo nhdm, HS se ty phdn chio nhifm vy d l ddm bdo fhdi gian hodn fhdnh, hifu qud vd chdf lugng bdi fdp Quo dd, HS the hifn khd ndng fd chuc edng vife, ty hge vd chu ddng d mt/c coo nhd't viec linh hdi tri fhi/e; giiip tu cuo HS phdt triln tdi Tap chi Glao due s6 9 {va i • la/aoia) 3) Hudng ddn HS khai thdc vd biin tap ldi liiu theo cdc yeu cdu: Khi khai thde fren Internet, du Id tdi lifu viet hay tranh dnh, phim h/ lifu HS phdi chii y den ngudn gdc, xud't xif rd rdng, ddm bdo finh chinh xde, minh bgch vd khoa hge; - HS chgn vd phdn logi fdi lifu theo mgt hai cdch (tuy vdo ndi dung vd so lugng hifn cd): theo tiin Irinh thdi gian vd rfieo h/ng vdn de LS (vdi mdt sy kifn LS gdm: hodn cdnh LS, ndi dung ehinh, kit qud, y nghTo ; vdi mdt qudc gio hoy mdt fd chife se Id: qud frinh hinh fhdnh, edng cudc xdy dyng vd phdt trien ) Khi thuc hien khdu khoi thde vd bien fdp fdi lifu, HS dd budc ddu flip cdn vdi tien frinh nghien ct/u khoo hgc d muc don gidn Ody Id hinh thuc tuong dd'i mdi vdi HS Vift Nam, nhung dd rdt phd bien vdi HS cdc nude tien tiln 4) Hudng dan HS trinh bdy tdi liiu Trinh bdy tdi lifu Id khdu rd't quan frgng HS phdi ldm d l the hifn ndi dung BTTHNK Theo giao ude vdi HS, GV se thyc hifn kilm tra, ddnh gid d l ndm dugc hifu qud vife su dyng fdi lifu, ndng eao kT ndng h/ hge cuo HS GV ed t h i da dgng hod ede hinh tht/c kilm tro kit qud nhu: Yeu edu HS soo chep, in d'n fdi lifu thdnh vdn bdn vd nop eho GV; hode, yeu cdu HS gi/i bdi Idm vdo dja ehi Emo/7 ed nhdn cuo GV hay Email cuo Idp de td't cd HS ed f h l fhom khdo bdi thu hogch cuo cdc bgn frong Idp DO fheo hinh thuc ndo, BTTHNK deu phdi trinh bdy fheo cdc yeu cdu sau: Vdi tdi lieu viet: + Cd the chep, scon hodc ddnh mdy rdi in tren mdt mdt khd gid'y A4; + Tieu d l fdi lifu phdi vilf to, rd rdng, d l dgc vd fro ciru; + Mdi tdi lifu d l u ghi ddy du ngudn: fen tec gid, fen tee phdm, frong, nhd xud't bdn, ndm xud't bdn - Vdi tranh dnh, phim video : Cd the dinh kem tdi lifu vilf vdi chuc ndng minh hga hodc frinh bdy rieng theo cdch tht/c gidng nhu fdi lifu viet 5) Hudng dan HS Idm thu mye luu fru ede fdi liiu st/u tdm di/gc HS sdp xep fen tdi lifu theo thu h/ ABC vd ddnh sd frong suu tdm duge Cdng vife ndy fdp eho HS thdi quen trinh bdy khoo hgc lugng kien thuc tiep thu dugc frong gid fren Idp cung nhu h/ hgc d nhd; cdn, ed the fro ci/u thdng fin rd't de ddng, thudn tifn 6) Huang dan HS Idm danh myc cdc fdi liiu fhom khdo HS sdp xep tfn cdc tei lifu thorn khdo dd frich ddn de st) dyng bdi tgp theo thir h/ ABC Mdi tdi lieu duo vdo danh mye d l u kem theo; Ten tee gid, ten tdi lifu, nhd xud't bdn, ndm xud't bdn De Idm td't budc ndy, HS budc phdi xde djnh rd rdng ngudn cuo tdi lieu, finh minh bgch, ehinh xde; dde bift ngi dung h/tudng cua fdi lifu phdi phu hgp vdi quon diem ldp frudng eua Ddng vd Nhd nude Ody Id sy tgp dugt, Idm tien d l edn thilt eho nhifng cdng trinh nghien cifu khoa hge chuyen sdu se thye hifn d nhung chuong trinh ddo tgo cao hem sou ndy 7) Hudng dan HS Idm trang bia vd ddng quyen (neu bdi tdp thu hogch dugc frinh bdy dudi dgng van bdn) Trong bia phdi ed ddy du fhdng tin: frudng, fen bdi fdp, fen d l tdi vd ndi dung LS dt/gc suu tdm vd frinh bdy, hg vd ten HS, Idp, thdng - ndm thyc hifn ** • Duge GV hudng ddn Idm BTTHNK, HS chdc chdn se tiep thu kiln thue nhonh hon, ehu dgng hon; hdo hifng vdi gid hgc; chu ddng vd tich eye frong cdc hogt ddng nhdn thuc, hiiu bdi sdu hon; hgn c h l sy nhdm Idn cdc don vj kiln thue Ode biff, GV d l cdp nhifng ngi dung kien thuc ed lien quon den d l fdi BTTHNK, HS rd't fy fin fhom gio trd Idi ede edu hdi ggi md, tgo nfn khdng thi duo sdi ndi, Idnh mgnh Vi vdy, ngodi vife tdi tgo dugc cdc sy kifn LS de HS hinh dung Igi qud khi; LS rd rdng; ndm bdt dung dugc bdn chdf eua vd'n d l frong gid hge ehinh khod, giup HS thyc sy thu, yeu thich mdn LS, GV cdn td chuc, hudng ddn HS tu hge d nhd vdi cdch Idm viic dde lap theo giao t/dc, dd cd Idm BTTHNK.Q Tai lieu tham khao Nguy2n Thj COi Cac diiorng, bi$n phap ndng cao hieu qua day hoc lich siir o' truvng trung hgc phd thong NXB Dai hpe supham, H 2008 NguySn Thi C6i - Doin Van Hung "Sir dimg cOng nghe thong tin gop phdn d6i mdi phirong phap d^y hpc ljch sii d trucrng ph6 thOng" Tpp chi Gido difC S6' 159/2007 Phan Ngpc Lien (tdng chii bien) L|ch stir 10 NXB Gido due, H 2006 Phan Ngpc Lien (tdng chu bien) Ljch su-11 NXB Gido due, H 2007 Phan Ngpc Lien (tdng chi bien) L(ch sii 12 NXB Gido diie, H 2008 Dang Thanh Todn - NguySn Thu Nga Hmfng dSn (Xem tidp Irang 41) Tap ehi Glao due so 9 (ki i • la/aoiai ... triln tdi Tap chi Glao due s6 9 {va i • la/aoia) 3) Hudng ddn HS khai thdc vd biin tap ldi liiu theo cdc yeu cdu: Khi khai thde fren Internet, du Id tdi lifu viet hay tranh dnh, phim h/ lifu HS... quon frgng nhd''t eho khd ndng khoi thdc, st/ dyng fdi lifu fren Internet frong hogt dgng dgy - hgc cuo GV vd HS - Tdi lifu tren Internet rd''t phong phii, dgng, song cung phifc tgp v l ngudn gdc... xd, khu ddn eu phdt frien KT ndng st/ dyng Internet cuo HS dgt frinh tuong ddi thdnh thgo Do phdn cdc frudng THPT hifn duge frong bj mdy finh, mgng Internet khd ddy dii vd h/ong dd''i hifn dgi