T A M Li HOC S INH Li HOC LUA TUOI BifU HIEN XDG CAM GAY CAN TRJI HOAT D O N G HOG TAP CUA HOC SINH TIEU HOC) O ThS LE MY DUNG* Bdi vdi phdn Idn tre em khi bdt ddu tdi trudng, khdc biet v l khd ndng n[.]
T A M Li HOC - S I N H Li HOC LUA T U O I BifU HIEN XDG CAM GAY CAN TRJI HOAT DONG HOG TAP CUA HOC SINH TIEU HOC) O B ThS LE MY DUNG* di vdi phdn Idn tre em bdt ddu tdi trudng, nlu hogt ddng hoc tdp khdng hop dan (tre d l khdc biet v l khd ndng nhdn thuc Id quan chuyen sang trgng thdi «chdn ndn" Sdng / Bieu hi$n xue edm gay can trd hogt dgng trpng, nhiSn, chd't, thdi dp vd ede hgc tap a HS Idp y l u td xue cam cung dnh hudng tdi sy thich ung trudng hpc vd khd ndng chuySn tdm hgc GV Phg huynh TT NhOng bi^u hi$n tdp cuo cdc em Bdi v i i t tdp trung de cgp bleu Bi l$ch ThOf 0$l$ch ThlJ J chu^n bac J' chu^n bac hien xue edm tieu eye, nguyen nhdn vd mdt so 1.47 0.62 1,58 0,60 H(ind6i, iLfSi bien phdp khdc khye nhirng khd khdn v l mdt 1,58 0,66 2 ChSn nan 1,29 0,47 xue edm cua hgc sinh (HS) tieu hgc hogt D i xue dfing ddng hpc tdp 1,81 0,71 1,65 0,49 d6 ch^y nude mat Thyc trgng bleu hien xue cam gdy cdn 1,44 0,68 1,65 0,49 Nhut nhat trd hogt dpng hgc tdp ciia HS tieu hpc 1,56 0,64 Lo sa cang thang 1,24 0,56 Kit qud nghien cuu (1) v l nhirng khd khdn (3Thudng xuy§n; 2Thinh thodng; -Khong bao gid) tdm If hogt ddng hgc tdp tren 1.010 HS cdc khdi Idp 1, vd d trudng t i l u hgc 2) Bieu hien xue cam gdy cdn trd hogt Quan Hoa, Me Linh (Hd Ndi); Dodn Thi Dilm, ddng hgc tdp d HS Idp Ket qud nghien ciru Au Co (Dd Ndng) bdng cdc phuong phdp: dilu dugc tdng hpp d bang cho thdy: «Cdm thdy tra bdng thong vd bdng hdi, quan sdt, phdng budn vi mpi ngudi xa Idnh minh" Id bieu hien vdn sdu vd ddm thogi cho thdy: Khd khdn v l mdt tdm li cdn trd Idn nhd't d HS Idp (diem trung xiic edm Id y l u td tdm li x i p thu Idm cdn trd binh: l,d9) hogt ddng hpc tap cua HS Bilu hien xue edm Qua phdng vd'n sdu, HS (52,3%) cho bilt cam gdy cdn trd hogt ddng hpc tdp d HS tilu hgc thdy budn vi cd ft bgn Cdc em cung cd khd khdn dupe trinh bdy cy the dudi ddy: viec kiem che edm xue, thilu tfnh ty chu, I) Biiu hiSn xue edm gdy cdn trd hogt thudng de «tuc gidn", cdi Igi, ddnh Ipi bgn bi d^ng hgc tap d HS Idp I HS tilu hpc chuo bgn c h l gieu (39,9%); hdn gidn hodc ty di bj kiem c h l dupe sy bilu Id xue edm cua minh, tinh GV phe binh khdng chfnh xde (25,9%) Bilu hien edm chuo b i n virng, ehua sdu sdc Theo y kiln khdc nua Id lo Idng thudng xuyen ve hgc tgp eua GV vd phy huynh HS, d i n trudng ehua (39,5%) Ndi dung ehuong tnnh Todn vd tieng thich nghi vdi cdc mdi quan he mdi d Idp, d Viet Idp vdi ede yeu edu ve kien tht/c vd kT ndng trudng, cdc em thudng ed bilu hien «de khdc", khd hon so vdi cdc ndm hgc trude vd trdi «hay hdn doi, ty d i " , «nhut nhdt, ryt re, khdng nghiem thdt bgi hoc tdp ciing vdi sy ddnh mudn choi vdi ai" (bang 1) gid tieu cue cOa GV, phy huynh, sy tdc dgng cua Da so HS dugc phdng vdn d l u thich di hpc bgn be tgo nen nhirng edng thdng, Idm tdng sy h) (chilm 96,7%), nhien, li thich di hpc vd di chd'i hpc tdp, tt> ehdi GV vd trudng hgc, hinh thdnh hpc sdm Id vi den frudng dupe choi vdi cdc bgn thdi dd tieu cue, chdn ndn, thdt vgng (39,3%) vd (chilm d l ,7%) Hung thii hpc tdp cuo phdn Idn khdng'thiehhpc(9,l%)dHS HS k?p ehua xud't phdt tir dgng ca hgc ldp, khdng b i n vung, ed the nhanh chdng thay dd'i * W i ighiin cilfu sir pham • Tnroiiig Bai koc sir pluai Na Npi Tap chi Glao due s6 0 (hi a la/aoiai Bdng Bieu hien xue edm gay can trd hogt dgng hgc tap d HS Idp vd Idp khd khdn tdm if gay cdn trd hpc tdp vd quan he vdi bgn be, thdy cd HSIdpS ^ Mpt so bien phdp khdc phye khd khdn HSk»p3 TT Cdc bi4u hi^n BOiach ThiJ ve mgt xue cam d HS t i l u hpc hgc tdp a i f c h ThOf H ochuan chu^n bac bac J 1) Cdch thuc GV tiiu hgc gidi quyit nhCrng Chan nan thit vgng khd khdn tdm li hgc tdp cua HS hiSn 1,35 0,56 0.64 1.47 gap that b^ vd hieu qud cua nd Kit qud nghien cuu hoc tap thuc tien thdng quo tim hiiu y kiln trd ldi philu 10 0.32 0.40 10 1,09 Chan hoc 1.12 dieu tra viit, phdng vdn sdu cho thdy: cdch thi>c 3 Budn vi mpi ngoOi 0,84 1,45 1.69 0,73 GV gidi quyet nhirng khd khdn tdm li cua HS noi xa lanh minh chung vd khd khdn ve xiic com ndi rieng 0,65 1,46 1.47 0,83 Lo lang hpc tdp cuo HS hien khd dgng Theo thir Lo SC mdi GV 0,57 1,42 0.5S 1.31 gpi Idn pang ty quan trpng, ede cdeh thirc thuting dupe GV su 0,47 1,26 0.50 1.28 Tl/ inijn dAi dyng gom: a) Thudng xuyen ddng vien kip thdi 7 cam thSy minh nhirng tiln bd cua HS; b) l a la/aoiai nghiep ed kinh nghiem de giup HS vupt qua nhirng khd khdn vd tiln bd hon hgc ldp c) GV hudng dan vd rin luyen kT ndng diiu chinh xOc edm cho HS nhdm phdt triln khd ndng nhgn thirc, hiiu bilt xiic edm (ciJo bdn thdn, cua ngudi khdc) vd d i l u chinh xue com Trang bj cho HS cdc chiln luge vd kT thudt ciudn If, dilu chinh xiic edm ciJo bdn thdn, bao gom: - Chia se xue edm vdi nhirng ngudi khdc HS nen dugc khuyin khich chia se nhung xiic edm dang trdi quo vdi ngudi khdc, cd t h i vdi GV hodc bgn De Bdng edeh ndy, tre edm thdy dugc ehd'p nhdn vd vupt quo khd khdn ve mdt xue edm Ty ndi chuyen tich cue: Khuyin khich HS si/ dyng dde thogi, phdt triln bdn thdn d l vugt qua xue edm tieu eye vd kilm sodt hdnh vi eiia minh Tr6 cd t h i ty ndi mdt edu tich eye d l Idm gidm bdt xue edm tieu eye, vf dy nhu: «Minh ed t h i Idm dilu ndy!" - Neo edm xue Cdc nghi§n o>u sinh li hpc cho thdy, bd't cir ndo chung to d mdt trgng thdi edm xue cao vd ed sy hien dien lien tyc cua mdt tdc nhdn kich thich Id neo edm xue thi trgng thdi edm xiic eiia chung ta se tgo ro mdi lien kit thdn kinh vdi neo edm xue dd Dilu ndy cd nghTa Id chi cdn thyc hien dung neo edm xiic dd thi tue khdc, trgng thdi edm xue gdn liln vdi nd se quay trd Igi vdi chung to Kf thudt ndy boo gdm: Budc / NghTvl mdt xue edm tieh eye dd trdi nghiSm Vi dy, de qudn li edm gide lo long, khuyin khich tr6 nhd Igi khodnh khdc edm thdy thodi mdi (nhu xem phim hogt hinh); Budc Nhdc Igi nhimg xue edm mong mudn bdng cdch su dyng mdt hdnh ddng nhu bung ngdn toy Hdnh ddng ndy sou dd kich hogt cdc xue edm tich eye trude ddy vd gidm thilu xue edm tieu eye «Minh khdng bilt", «Bdi tdp khd qud" hodc «Cd gido ghet minh" Dilu ndy khiln HS edm thdy tue gidn vd ed nhirng hdnh vi tieu eye GV cd t h i hudng ddn ede em suy nghT mdt edeh tich cue hon trudng hpp ndy nhu: «Bdi ndy khdng khd n l u minh dpc Igi ddu bdi cdn thdn vd suy nghT kl", «Chi cdn Idm nhdp mpt luc Id se tim ro edeh gidi", «Minh se nhd cd gido gpi y", • (1) Le My Dung Nghiin ciiu k.hd kfidn Idm li hoat dpng lipc tdp ciia hpc sinh tieu hpc Di tai cip BO, 2010, ma s6': 82009-17-180 Tai lieu tliam khdo William N.Bender Learning disabilities Characteristics, Identification, and Teaching Strategies Pearson, USA, 2008 Gayle L Maclclcm Practitioner's Guide to Emotion Regulation in School-Aged Children Spinger, 2008 .1 Sue Cornwell, Jill Bundy The emotional curriculum: a journey towards emotional literacy SAGE London, 2009 SUMMARY The article raised the status emotiorKil expression impede learning activities of primary school students, elementary school teachers how to solve problems In the study of psychology students and its effectiveness Since then, the author proposes some measures for teachers to help children overcome the emotional difficulties in learning /T - Ki mudt thu gidn: + Hit thd: Tdp hit thd sdu kit hpp mdt so tin hieu trye quan de giup tre tdp trung vd thu gidn Vf dy, nhin vdo chuyen ddng^ Idc ddng hd vd thd nhjp nhdng; + Top thi due: cd t h i giup trS qudn li xiic edm eua minh Vi dy, tdp bdi the dye Idp hgc vdi cdc ddng tdc vdn ddng ddu, vol, dau gd'i vd ngdn chdn - HS thd'ng bgn bd BiSn phdp ndy cd t h i dupe su dyng d l hd trg tre phdt trien kT ndng qudn li xue edm GV too d i l u (ciSn cho nhung HS cd khd ndng qudn li xiic edm thdnh edng giup dd nhung tri cd khd khdn vl§c qudn li mdt xuej:dm - Nhdn thuc Igi: Kr thudt dugic su dyng d l glup HS nghT v l nhung tinh hudng khd khdn mdt cdcn tfch eye hon Vf dy: Trong tinh hudng «Ldm bdi tdp todn khd', HS thudng cd suy nghTban ddu Id '^ Tap ehi Glao due so 0 (ki a • la/aoia) I ^ THONG BAO Tap chi Giao d u e thang ki, dat mua thuan tien tai cac buu cue dja phurong (Ma s o C192) tioac dat mua true tiep tai Toa soan (sd luong Idn) t t i ^ dja chl: TAP CHI GlAO DUC, Trinh HoAi Due, quAn Ddng Da, Ha Nql Kinh mdi ban dgc, cac don vj glao due, trudng hgc tiep tuc dat mua Tap chi Glao due n a m IVloi lien he xin gui ve dja chi tren hoac lien lac qua sd dien thoai: 04.37345363; Fax: 04.37345363 Xin tran cam on : = TAP CHi GIAO DUC = = / ... qud thdi gian ddi vd ehi jdm cho sinh hogt, hgc tgp phu hpp d nhd dd''i vdi vd''n d l tdi te them Oe gidm thilu lo Idng, GV Ngodi ro, nhung biln dd''i v l mdt tdm - sinh li thudng xuyen khen thudng... gidm bdt xue edm tieu eye, vf dy nhu: «Minh ed t h i Idm dilu ndy!" - Neo edm xue Cdc nghi§n o>u sinh li hpc cho thdy, bd''t cir ndo chung to d mdt trgng thdi edm xue cao vd ed sy hien dien lien... nhd cd gido gpi y", • (1) Le My Dung Nghiin ciiu k.hd kfidn Idm li hoat dpng lipc tdp ciia hpc sinh tieu hpc Di tai cip BO, 2010, ma s6'': 82009-17-180 Tai lieu tliam khdo William N.Bender Learning