G 3 NGHllNCtini D A N H GIA GIO DAY CUA S I N H V I E N THUC TAP SU PHAM THEO TIEP CAN CHUAN NGHE NGHIEP GlAO VIEN TRUNG HOC I O I t v l n d l Mdt trong nhdng ndi dung quan trpng trong boat ddng thye[.]
G NGHllNCtini THUC TAP SU PHAM THEO TIEP CAN CHUAN NGHE NGHIEP GlAO VIEN TRUNG HOC D A N H GIA GIO DAY CUA S I N H V I E N ThS MT GIANG SITN Titftng Bgi iigc SII Gin I.OItvlndl Mdt nhdng ndi dung quan trpng boat ddng thye t i p su pham (TTSP) cda sinh vien (SV) l i thye t i p day hpc Trong thye t i p day hpc, cd t h i noi ndi dung chlnh ylu nhlt l i xiy dung k l hoach gidday v i thyc hiln k l hoach Ndi cich khic, cdng vile chuln bj v i thyc hiln d e gid day l i mdt ndi dung ed bin, quan trpng TTSP eda SV, ed y nghia Idn vl§e hinh thinh ele nang lye boat ddng nghi nghiip eda SV su pham sau trudng Tuy viy, hiln tai vile dinh gii gid day eda SV thye t i p dang ed nhilu b i t elp Cic quy djnh v l dinh gii gid day edn dinh tfnh, vin bin quy djnh v l dinh gii gid day dupe ban hinh td llu, chua elp nhlt vdl thyc tiin ddi mdi eleh tilp cin hudng vio ngudi hpc cdng nhu sy ddi mdi cda phuong phip (PP) v i kl thuit dinh gii Chuln nghi nghiip giio vlln trung hpc l i h i thdng cic ylu clu cP bin ddi vdl gllo vlln trung hpc v l phlm chit chfnh tri, dao dde Idl sdng; ning lye ehuyin mdn, nghiip vy Vile xiy dyng v i thyc hiln k l hoach d e gid day cda SVTTSP tilm cin vdl cic yiu elu tucfng dng eda Chuln, hUdng tdi vile thye hiln dupc Chuln, dat Chuln l i cich tilp cin ddng phd hpp vdl xu hudng chuln hda cic boat ddng giio dye hiln d nude ta VI nhdng If trin, d i tiin vile dinh gii ning lye xiy dyng v i thue hiln k l hoach ele gid day eda SVTTSP theo t i l p cin Chuln nghi nghiip giio vlln trung hpc l i quan trpng v i eIn thilt 2, Thuc trang ve danh g i i xIp loai gid day 2,1 Odnh gid xip logi giir day gido viin bdc trung hgc Cich diy hem 10 nim, Bd Giio due v i Bio tao d i ed edng vin sd 10227/rHPf ngiy 11 thing nam 2001 hudng din dinh gii xIp loai gid day bic trung hpe (dudi diy gpi l i Quy djnh cda Bd v l dinh gii xIp loai gid day) Theo dd, d e t l l u chuln, ylu d u , thang dupe xie djnh qua bing dUdi dly (xem bing) Cdeh xep logi: • Loai gidi: Oilm tdng cdng dat td 17 - 20; Cic ylu clu 1,4,6,9 phli dat dilm - Loai khi: Biem tdng edng dat td 13 - 16,5; Cic ylu clu 1,4,9 phli dat dilm - Loai TB: Biem tdng cdng dat td 10 - 12,5; Cic ylu d u 1,4 phli dat dilm - Loai ylu: Bilm tdng cdng dat td trd xudng Hiln nay, cic trudng trung hpc c i nude vin thye hiln vile dinh gii xIp loai gid day giio viin theo hudng dan d cdng vin trin Tdy theo tdng dia phuong, tdng trudng, vile vin dung dupe dilu chlnh ddi ehdt nhung v l co bin van dinh gii gid day qua mat (ndi dung, phuong phip, phuang tlln, td chdc kit qui) vdi 10 ylu clu (dupe coi nhu 10 tllu chO nhU Quy djnh cda Bd v l dinh gii xIp loai gid day Cicm^t NOI OUNG PHUONG PHAP PHUONG T1$N Diem Chinh x i e khpa hpc; (khoa hpc bd mdn v i quan dilm td tudng, l i p trudng chlnh ti-i) Bio d i m tfnh h | thdng, dd ndi dung, lim rd trpng t i m LUn h i thdc t l (nlu cd), cd tinh giio due Sd dung phddng phip phu hop vdi die trdng bd mdn, vdi ndi dung eda kilu b i i l i n kSrp Kit hdp tdt cic phUdng phip hoat ddng day v i hpc Sd dgng v i k i t hdp tdt cic phddng tlln, thilt bj day hpc phd hop vdi ndi dung cda kilu b i i lln Idp Trinh t>iy bing hdp If, chd v i l t tilnh ve, Idi ndi rd ring, chuln mdc, giio i n hopIL TdCHtfC KfTQUA 10 Thyc hi|n linh hoat cic khiu l l n Idp, phin phdi thdi gian hpp If d d c phin, cic khiu Td chdc v i dilu khiln HS hpc t i p tfch eye ehu ddng phu hop vdi n^i dung cOa kilu tiii, vdi cic ddi tUpng HS; HS hdng thd hoe t i p Oa sd HS hilu bii, nim vdnq tronq t i m b i l t vin dung kiln thdc B i l m tdng cdng IO.niui9GcUgifc '2° NGHI£N ciiu Q ed chi bio md t i ehi t i l t eu t h i cic mdc dp dat dupe 2J Odnh gid xip logi gid dgy cua SV TTSP Dya theo Quy dinh eda Bd v i dinh g i i xIp kiai d mdi tllu ehi, tdc ehua hinh thinh mpt thang cu gid day giio vlln trung hpe d n cU vio die thd eda t h i nin vile dinh gii thieu tinh djnh lugng, phu thude boat ddng TTSP eda SV, cic trudng/khoa dai hpc (BH) nhilu vio d m tfnh eda ngudi dinh gii Oly edng la su pham d i dua d e hudng din/philu dinh gll gid li vl kit qui TTSP cda SV eao, thudng trin day cda SV thye tip Phin tich cic hudng dan/philu 90 % SV thyc tap dat loai xult sle v i gidi, khdng phin niy cd t h i nhin thly: Tuy eleh phin chia, sip xIp, inh ddng nang lyc thuc sy eda SV - HI thdng tiiu ehl/yiu cdu ddnh gid ed diim chua trinh biy, diln dat khie nhung v l ea bin d c trudng diu thdng nhlt mat dinh gii theo Quy djnh hgp IL Thyc ra, chi d n ylu elu thd 10 "Oa sd HS hilu cda Bd: ndi dung, phuang phdp, phuang tiin, to chdcbii, vdnim vdng trpng tam, bilt vin dung kiln thdc"dat kit qud; d e tllu chl/ylu d u dinh gii eda cic trudng dupe thi gid day d i l i xult sle hoac gidi, khdng d n cung bao him dly du cic ylu clu dinh gii Quy phii xem xit nhilu d i n ele ylu clu khie - Oinh gii, xip loai diu quy v l thang dilm 10 djnh cda Bd Mdt sd trudng bd sung thim hole nhin manh mdt sd t i i u chi/ylu clu: Hudng din HS deh Hiln tai cic trudng dai hpe cao ding dang din tilp thdc hpc t i p d nhi, PP giao tilp vdi HS, PP dinh g l l eIn v i chuyin sang phuang thdc dio tao theo h i HS lln Idp, tao khdng Idp hpc thin thiln, thdng tin chf VI viy, tUang lai khdng xa, dinh phong d c h supham, Ble b i l t nhilu trudng nhin gii v i xip loai theo thang dilm l i dilu m i cic trudng d n quan tim manh ylu elu vl edng tic chudn bi cho gid dgy: gido Xiy dung cong cu danh gll gid day cua SV dn, dd dimg dgy hgc (BHSP Thii hjguyln, OHSP Hi Ndi, OH Gilo Dye OHSP Hul, OHSP TP Hd Chi Minh, TTSP theo tiip cin Chuin nghi nghiep gllo vien OH Sii Gdn, OH Cin Tho) VI thang dilm v i xIp loai, trung hoc Cin cd vio h i thdng cic tiiu chuln, tllu ehi dinh cd nhilu thang dilm dupe sd dung: thang dilm 10, thang dilm 20, thang dilm 100, nhUng sau dd diu gii ning lye day hpe cda Chuln nghi nghiip gllo vlln quy v l thang dilm 10 Vifc dinh gii xIp loai thudng trung hpe dya vio sy phit triln cda khoa hpe dinh cin cd vio tdng dilm cda gid day, khdng dlt vin d l gii, die trUng lao ddng nghi nghiip cda SVTTSP v i d l gdp phin khie phuc d e ban ehl hiln vile mdt sd tllu ehi/ylu clu nio dd phii dat dilm tdi da 2.3 Hgn chi cda cdeh ddnh gid xip logi gid dgydinh gii xip loai gid day eda SV TTSP, d n xiy dyng bd tllu chl dinh gii gid day eda SVTTSP khich quaa cua SVTTSP hlin - Cich dinh gii hiln tai ehua todn diin ddy dd,klioa hpc ban theo hudng dinh gii xip loai gid day bao gdm dinh gii hai nang lye quan trpng: nang itfc tdp trung nhiiu vdo viic ddnh gid qud trinh lin Idp, chua xdy dtfng ke hogch gid lin ldp vd ndng Itfc len ldp d m quan tdm thich ddng din ndng itfc xdy dtfng ki hogch gid dgy (cdng tdc ehudn bj cho gid dgy) - mdt ylutllu td chi cin xiy dyng d c chl bio vdi cic md t l cu thi, quan trpng t h i hiln ning lyc day hpe Gdi vdi SV, boat djnh lupng dng vdi d e mde dd khie d l hinh ddng TTSP vdl die thd l i hpe nghi, do ylu clu v l thinh mdt thang do.Trin co sd dd, ehdng tdi xiy dyng xiy dyng k l hoach gid day (xiy dyng giio in) l i hit bd tllu chf dinh gii gidday cda SVTTSP gdm hai nhdm sdc quan trpng VI viy, dinh gll xip loai gid day ddi tiiu chf: nhdm tllu ehi Bdnh gid nang Itfc xdy dtfng ki vdi SV thye tip, khdng phli chi dinh g i i q u i trinh lln hogch gid dgy (07 tieu chQ v i nhdm tiiu chi Bdnh gid Idp m i cdn phii dinh g i i ning lye xiy dyng k l hoach nang Itfc lin ldp cda SV (09 tiiu chQ gid d^y (xiy dyng giio in) vdi trpng sd thfch hpp 3.1 Odnh gid nang li/c xdy diing ki hogch - Cich dinh gii hiln edn dinh tinh Do khdng gidday Bdng 1: Odnh gid ndng Itfc xdy dtfng ki hogch gid dgy cda SV (Trong thang dudi ddy, mdi tiiu chl ddnh gid cdSmdtdvi chl bdotfngvdi cdc diem ttf den 4; ngU gid khoanh trdn vdo diem dng vdi md td ddng nhdt vi SV) STT TiiucM Clio i n : Hinh thiirc ciu tnic phCi hrt> Diem Chl bio Trinh biy clu till, rddm ri; d u true ldn xdn, khdng ddng quy djnh Trinh biy chua dupc ro ring, ehda hoin toin dung quy djnh, chua trinh ty logic cd khd khin tronq vile kit hop cic phin cua bii hpc Trinh biy rd ring, ddng quy * n h , theo trinh td logic Trinh biy cin th|n, rd ring, dung quy djnh, theo trinh ty logic phd hpp vdi ndi dung bii hoc Trinh l>iy cin thin, rd ring, sach, dep, dung quy djnh, theo trinh ty logic hpp 11, phu hpp vdi ndi dung bii hpc sin-nUNGi/autll C NGMflll^ Giio i n : Xie djnh muc tieu bii hoc, muc tieu tCrng phan cu the phu hop vdi noi dung l>ii day Giio i n : Xie djnh ro Iden thdc ki ning CO bin cin day trin Idp v i noi dung hudng dSnHStU hoc d nhi Giio i n : The hien sU Ida chon cic phuong phip day hoc phu hop vdi ndi dung bii hpc v i ning ciaHS Giio i n : Thi hien viec sOfdung cic phuong tien day hpc giOp doi mdi phuong phip d^y hpc Giio i n : Thi hien khaithic duoc tiem ning giio due qua nol dung bii hoc v i phuong phipdfy hoc IZ^OMNfCCrtllVe Khdng xie djnh hoic xie djnh sai muetieueua bai hoc Chl xie djnh muc tiSu chung cua bii, khdng xie * n h mucti^u tdng phin eda bii The hidn dupe muc tiiu eda bai hpc muc tiiu cua tdng phin dam bio chuln kiln thdc ki ning eda bii hpc Thi hiln dly dd muc tiiu cda bii hpc (vl kiln thdc ki ning), muc tiiu cda tdng phin phd hpp vdi ndi dung bii hpc dim bio chuln kiln thdc ki ning cda bii hpe Thi hiln rd, dly du, chi tilt mue tiiu eda bai hpc (vl kiln thdc kl ning), myc tiiu eua tdng phin phu hpp vdi ndi dung bai hpc dim bio chuan kiln thdc, ki ning cua bai hpc Thi hiln ehda day du kiln thdc, kl ning co bin eda bai hoc kiln thdc thilu chlnh xie, sai sdt The hien chua dly dd kiln thdc, kl ning co bin cda bii hpc kiln thdc cdn thilu chfnh xie The hien chUa rd kiln thdc ki ning cd bin, trpng tim cda bii hpc Nhdng kiln thdc phii bilt, d n bilt vi nin biet ehda dddc phin djnh rd ring Thi hi|n ddpc kiln thdc ki ning cd bin, trpng tim cua bii hpc; chfnh xie h§ thdng, bim sit chuln kiln thdc kl ning cda chddng trinh mdn hpc; thi hiln ndi dung d n bilt vi nin bilt; hUdng din HS td hpc d nhi Thi hi§n rd kiln thdc ki ning co bin, trpng tim eua bii hpc rlt chinh xie, h | thdng, bim sit ehuin kiln thdc ki ning cua chddng trinh mdn hpc; the hiln rd ndi dung cin bilt vi nin bilt; hddng dan HS td hpc d nhi Chi nlu ten phuong phip day hpc se sd dyng, khdng md t i ddpc ho?t ddng eda thly, trd Phuong phip day hpe sl sd dung khdng phu hpp vdi ndi dung bii hpc Md t i duoc cic phuong phip d^y hpc se sd dyng phd hop vdi npi dung tdng phan; dy kiln ddpc hoat d$ng tuong dng cda HS Md t i dupc cic phuong phip day hpc se sd dung phd hop vdi n$i dung tdng phin, cd ehu y din ddi tdpng ngddi hpc dy kiln dupe hoat ddng tuong dng cda HS Md t i dupc d e phuong phip day hpc se sd dyng phu hop vdi ndi dung tdng phin, rlt chu y din ddi tupng ngudi hoc; dy kiln ddpc hoat ddng tdong dng cOa HS; phit huy duoc tfnh tfeh eUe nhin thdc cda HS Khdng nlu dupe phuang tiin day hpc (trong danh myc thilt bj day hpe) quy djnh cho bii hpc Lya chpn d e phddng tlln day hpe khdng phu hpp, lam dung Lya chpn d e phuong tiin day hoc ddng quy dinh (khdng lam dung, phd hop vdi bii hpc, ) Lya chpn d e phddng ti^n day hpc: ddng quy djnh (khdng lam dung, phd hpp vdi bii hpc), gidp ddi mdi phdong phip day hpc, tang hilu qui day hpc Lya chpn cic phuong tlln day hpc sing tao, gidp ddi mdi phddng phip day hoc ting hilu qui day hpc Khdng md t i dddc liin h i gida ndi dung bii hpe vdi thyc t l cudc sdng, hoac khdng khai thic ndi dung bii hpc d l giio dye HS Md t i dupe llln h i gida ndi dung bii hpe vdi thyc t l cudc sdng, hole khai thic ndi dung bii hpc d l giio dye td tudng, tinh d m , thii dd cho HS, nhdng ehda dly dd Khai thic ddpc tilm ning giio dye eda bii hpc vi liin h i gida ndi dung bii hpc vdl thyc t l cude sdng d l giio due tu tudng, tinh cim, thii dd cho HS Khai thic dly dd tilm ning giio due eda bii hpc vi liin h i gida n^i dung bii hpc vdl thue t l cudc sdng d l giio due tu tudng,tinhd m , thii dd cho HS Khai thic dly dd tilm ning giio dye qua bii hpc ddng thdf khai tiiic d tilm nang giio dye eda cic phuong phip day hoc (hpc hpp t i e j d l giio dye tu tudng, tinh d m , ttiii dd cho HS NGHIEN Giio i n : Phin btf thdi gian cho cic hoat dtfng day hoc h^lf cauQ Nhin chung thdi gian dinh cho tdng hoat ddng ehUa phu hpp Cdn vii chd thdi gian cho tdng hoat ddng ehda phd hpp Cdn din trii thdi gian dinh cho kiln thdc d n bilt vi ndn bilt Thdi gian dinh eho tdng hoat ddng tuong ddi phd hop Thdi gian dinh eho tdng hoat ddng phu hpp, danh thdi gian thda ding hon cho kiln thdc ki ning phii bilt Od kiln thdi gian hpp If dinh cho tdng hoat ddng cda thly, cua trd Thdi gian dinh eho tdng hoat ddng rlt phu hpp tip trung vio nhdng kiln thdc, ki ning d n phii bilt Oy kiln mdt cich hpp If, khoa hpc thdi gian dinh eho tdng hoat ddng cda thly, cda trd Cd dinh thdi gian hudng dan HS ty hpe vi tim hilu nhdng kiln thdc ki ning nin bilt - Oilm tdng edng (tdng d e dilm d l khoanh trdn): - Oilm gllo I n = Oilm tdng edng: = D (Lim trdn din mdt chd sd thip phin) 3J Odnh gid ndng Itfc lin ldp ciia SV (dilm a) Bdng 2: Odnh gid ndng Itfc lin ldp cda SV (Trong thang dudi ddy, mdi tiiu chl ddnh gid ed md td vi chl bdo itng vdi cdc diim tit Odin 4; ngudi ddnh gid khoanh trdn vdo diim itng vdi md td dimg nhat vi SV) STT Tiiu chi Duyit giio in,tijp giing Lin ldp: Oim bio nfidungco Itin, chinh xich$ thtfng, c i hudng d i n tyh9c Lin Idp: Bim sit chuln kiln thdckl ning; cd tinh din yiu ciu phin htfa Lin Mrp: Thyc hifn chiirc ning giio dye qua n^i dung b i l hfcvi phuong phip giing Oiem Chi bio Ndp giio in trl so vdl thdi gian quy djnh, khdng tip giing Ndp giio in trl so vdi thdi gian quy djnh, tip giing qua loa, so sii Ndp giio in dung thdi gian quy djnh.TIp giing ddng kl hoach Ndp giio in ddng thdi gian quy djnh.TIp gilng nghiim tdc ddng kl hoach N$p giio in ddng thdi gian quy djnh; Tilp thu vi sOa ehda kjp thdi, hpp if Tip giing nghiim tdc, ddng k l hoach Khdng dim bio ddpc kiln thdc, ki ning co bin cda bii hpc; nhilu sai sdt thilu chfnh xie, khdng h | thdng Khdng dim bio ddpc kiln thdc ki ning ed bin eda bii hpe; ed vii sai sdt thilu chfnh xie, khdng h i thtfng Bim bip kiln thdc kl ning co bin cda bii hpc chfnh xie ddi ehda h i thdng, cd thyc hi|n hudng din HS ty hpc nhi Cd so xult nhd Bim iAo kiln thdc, ki ning eo bin cda bii hoc chfnh xie h i thdng; cd thdc hi|n vile hudng din HS tu hpe d nhi Cd so xult khdng ding kl Bim bio kiln thdc kl ning co bin cda bii hpe; chlnh xie, h i thdng; thyc hiln tdt vile hudng din HS ty hpc d nhi Khdng quan tim din chuln kiln thdc ki ning cda chuong trinh mdn hpc Nhilu ldc day vUOt hole khdng sit chuln kiln thdc, kl ning cda chuong trinh mdn hoe Odi khdng sit chuln kiln thdc kJ ning cda chuong trinh mdn hpc Bim sit chuln kiln thdc ki ning cua ehdong trinh mdn hpc, nhung ehua phu hpp vdi d e ddi tupng gidi Bim sit chuln kiln thdc ki ning cda chuang trinh mdn hpc v i dat nhdng ylu d u phu hop vdi ci HS gidi Khdng thuc hi|n dUde vi|c giio dye qua ndi dung bii hpc Thuc hiln vi|c giio dye qua ndi dung bii hpc khiln cudng, khdng hpp IL B i phin nio khai thic dupc ndi dung bii hpc llln h$ vdi thyc t l cudc sdng d l giio dye tu tudng,tinhcim, thii dtf cho HS VI CO l}in da khai thic dUpc ntfi dung bii hpc liin h$ vdi thyc t l cu$c sdng d l giio due tu tudng, tinh d m , thii dd cho HS Khai thic dupc nt>\ dung bii hpc, liin h | vdi thuc t l eude sdng sinh dOng vi el phuang phip d ^ hpe d l giio dye tu tudng, tinh cim, thii Si), hinh vl eho HS siy cin thin, rd ring, sach, dep, dung quy djnh, theo trinh