^ KI^''''N N H A KHOfl HOC MO HINH DAI HOC NGHIAN ciru 6 VIET NAM NGUYIN TH! LE Hl/dNG, DAO HI IN CHI B^ G\Ao dye vi Gio t^o Trong qui trinh h9l nh^p qufi''''c tS*, vi$c phat trl^n cac trirttng d î hpc ngh[.]
^ KI^'N N H A KHOfl HOC Kfty dong dai hoc nghlAn cihi li' Viai Ham - Hl»n viihichthirc MO HINH DAI HOC NGHIAN ciru VIET NAM NGUYIN TH! LE Hl/dNG, DAO H I I N CHI B^ G\Ao dye vi Gio t^o Trong qui trinh h9l nh^p qufi'c tS*, vi$c phat trl^n cac trirttng d^i hpc nghiin ci?u dirgic coi la xu hudng ta't y^u vi vira gop phin nSng cao ndng Itrc, uy tin khoa hQC cua qutfc gia, viifa \i nin ting v&ng chdc cho vl$c chuln bj mft ngufin nhSn lire trinh d9 cao dim bio cho sir phat triln dl't nirdc Tuy nhiSn, diy \i mOt thich thtfc ithOng nh6 d$t cho Chung ta " KHOAHo"cS«"'^"9^''2°^2 Khdi nIdm trudng dai hpc dao tao djnh hudng nghidn cUu Idn ddu tidn chlnh thUc dupc d$t tai Quydt dinh sd 121/2007/QD-TTg ngdy 27.7.2007 cua Thij tudng Chlnh phD phe duy$t Quy hoach mang ludi cdc trudng dat hpc vd cao ddng giai doan 2006-2020 Theo bdn quy hoach, hd thdng gido dgc dai hpc Vi$t Nam phdn tdng: tdng thd nhdt la cac trudng dgi hpc dupc xdp hang nhdm 200 trudng hdng ddu thd gidi, tdng thU Id cac trudng dai hpc ddo tgo djnh hudng nghidn cUu vd tdng thU la cac trudng dai hpc va cao ddng dao tao djnh hudng nghd nghi$p - Ung dung Tuy nhien, khdi ni§m "dai hgc ddo tao djnh hudng nghidn cUu" chua duoc djnh nghTa vd cung chua cd kd hoach thuc hi^n su phdn tdng trdn m$c du da chdp thu$n t$p trung xay dung 14 (vd sau dd bd sung thdm 2) cd sd gido dgc dgi hpc "trpng dilm" Mdt sd trudng dgi hpc sd ndy tu coi minh Id trudng dgi hpc ddo tgo theo djnh hudng nghidn cUu, nhidn, trdn thuc td, chua cd mdt trudng ndo cd du ndng luc cgnh tranh d cdp dd khu vuc va t h i gidi vd ndng luc nghidn cUu bdi Id: sd giang vien cd hpc vi TS chua dO ve sd lUdng^; ty Id gidng vidn trdn sinh vidn cdn qua thdp; mdi lidn kdt giOa nghidn cUu vd gidng dgy cdn Idng Ido; qudn ly khoa hpc chua hi$u qud; chUa cd sU minh bgch trpng hogt ddng cgnh tranh tdi trp nghidn cUu; ddng IUc nghidn cUu cua gidng vidn thdp; ngan sach va cd sd v$t chdt, trang thidt bj ddnh cho nghidn cUu cdn hgn chd M$t khdc, hogt ddng nghidn cdu khoa hpc chua trd mdt bd phan khdng t h i tdch rdi ddo tgo dgi hpc va chug Id hogt ddng bdt budc ddi vdi gidng vidn (vl chua tgo cdc ddng lgc thuc ddy nd) Ndu Idy tidu chi bdi bao dang tdi trdn cdc tgp chl khoa hpc chuydn nganh qudc td de danh gid ndng luc nghidn cdu thi cac trudng dgi hpc trpng dilm Ciia Chung ta vdn cdn thua khd xa cac trudng dgi hpc khu vUc Odng Nam A (Thdi Lan, Malaysia, Philipine) cd vd sd lupng va chdt lUdng Trong giai dogn 2004-2008, sd cdng bd qudc td cCia nudc ta It hdn Thdi Lan tU 15 ddn 30 Idn vd chl tinh cho trudng dgi hpc cua Thai Lan (Chulalongkorn va Mahidol) thi sd bai bao cDa bgn cdn nhidu hdn tdng cCia cd trudng dai hpc cda ta (Dgi hpc Qudc gia Hd Ndi, Ogi hpc Qudc gia phd Hd Chl Minh, Trudng Ogi hpc Bach khoa Ha Ndi, Trudng Ogi hpc Su pham Ha Ndi) cdng Igi Sd Idn trich d i n cdc bai bao nghidn citu d »? KI6N NHfi KHOn HQC trUdng cCia Thdi Lan eung cao hdn so vdi nhdm trudng cDa chung ta^ Ben c^nh thuc tr^ng cong tde nghidn cUu khoa hQC chUa chuydn nghidp thi hogt dong thu hut vd dai ngd nhdn tdi eung Id mdt thdch thUe nOa ma eac trudng dgi hpc nghidn cUu tUdng lai phdi dd'l mdt Do v$y, vipc Chfnh phCi trao quyln tu chu cho ede dgi hpc ndy Id rd't c^n thiet cUu d Trung Qu6e da ddng gdp gia vd ndm 2009, Nghi djnh hudng vdo n l n kinh t l rdt rd r§t Budc dSn td chUe tuyln chpn cdng khai tilp theo Id triln khai DU dn 985 cdc trUdng dgi hpe dgt danh hidu ddu tu h5 trp 39 trudng dgi hqc "trudng dgi hgc nghien cUu qudc trd thdnh cdc dgi hpc nghien cUu gia" dupc ban hdnh Theo dd, mdi hdng diu cd tdm ed qud'c te (kmh "trudng dgi hqc nghidn cUu qudc phf trdn 4,86 t^ USD) trUdng gia" dupe ngdn sdch nhd nude elp dgi hpc nghiSn cUu so ndy khodng 60 tridu USD vdng dUde ky vpng trd thdnh nhOng 10 ndm liln va eung da ed quy dgi hQC nghidn cUu tdm cd qudc djnh rd tgi Nghj djnh, danh hidu t l d Thdi Lan, ndm 2009, D l dn "trudng dgi hpc nghidn cUu qudc phdt triln cdc dgi hpc nghidn eUu gia" bj thu hoi neu khdng dap Ung Hogt ddng eCia ede trudng dgi qud'c gia giai dogn ndm dupe cdc tidu chuln hQC nghidn cUu (ding ed'p qud'c (2010-2012) da dupe Chfnh phu Nhu vdy, theo hodn cdnh te) chic chin se khdng the thilu thdng qua vdi tdng ngdn sach eho vd dilu kidn dgc thu cua moi mdt ngudn IUc tdi ehinh ddi ddo, trudng dgi hpe vao khodng 300 qudc gia md khdi niem (va cdc chfnh sach qudn trj thudn Ipi D l trieu USD Cdc tidu chuln d l mdt tieu chf) dgi hpe nghidn eUu se xdy dung mot dgi hpc nghien cUu trudng dgi hqc dupe chQn tham dupc xac djnh Ve cd ban, ngodi can khodng 400-500 trieu USD vd gia du an Id: 1) Nam day cung chi Id dilu kidn td'i thilu top 500 cua Bdng xIp hgng dgi ddp Ung nhUng tieu chuan v l ban ddu nudc ta, viec tri hpc t h i gidi (theo tieu chf cua hidu qud qudn ly, chat lUdng cac mpt nguon tdi chfnh dn djnh de QS World University Rankings) chUdng trinh ddo tgo gidng vdi cung cap cho hogt dpng nghidn vdo nam 2008 Trong trudng bdt cU mpt trUdng dgi hpc thdng cUu cua trUdng dgi hpc ndi chung, hdp khdng dap Ung tieu chi thudng ndo, cdc dai hpc nghien ede dai hpc nghien cUu ndi rieng thi phdi ddp Ung tieu chuan cUu cdn phdi dgt dupc su cdng vdn edn Id thdeh thUc khdng nho sau: 1- Cd tdi thleu'500 kit qua nhdn qudc t l v l : nang Idc nghidn nghien eUu cdng bd trdn ed s5 dO cdu (the hien qua ty le giang vidn Kinh nghiem xay dung dai hoc lieu SCOPUS vdng nam cd hpc vj tien sy vd chat ludng g i n nhat; 2- Cd tham gia nghidn ket qud nghidn cUu cCia ho); nghien ciiu trmOt so nuirc cUu qu6c te ndi bat v l it nha't ndng sud't nghien edu (thi hidn TU lau, cac qud'c gia ed nen fTnh vUc nim Bang chu y l u qua sd bdi bao dang KH&CN manh chdu Au, chau My xep hgng neu trdn; 3- Cd tdi thilu trdn cac tap chi qudc te va cac (nhu My, Nga ), cdc nUde mudn 40% sd gidng vien dat hoc v| tU cdng trlnh dUdc xuat ban hang VUdn len trd cac qudc gia nam cita ede giang vien); tinh mgnh chdu A (nhu Trung Qudc, TS trd len; il) Cd khd nang xac canh tranh nghidn cdu (thi Thai Lan ) d i u da trien khai viec djnh sU ddc thu cCia mot trUdng hien chD y l u qua sU cdng xdy dung cdc dgi hpc nghien eUu dgi hpc nghien cUu quoc gia; iii) viec tim kilm eae quy tdi d Trung Qudc, k l hogch xdy dUng Trang web cua trudng hogt dgng trd nghidn cUu cd tfnh canh tranh cdc dgi hpc nghien cUu da dUdc cd hidu qud vd cap nhdt thudng d elp qudc gia vd qudc t l ) ; cac bat dau tu Quie vy vien thdng xuyen eac ndi dung khai thdc tU hoat ddng dao tao nghien cdu qua D l an 211 tap trung phat nguon dD lieu eCia Tdng vu Dgi (thi hien qua quy md dao tgo, vf then khodng 100 trUdng dai hoe hpc d Nga, sau 12 nam chuan du t^ le tuyln nghidn cUu sinh va djnh hudng nghien eUu idm dau bj (1996-2008), Tdng thd'ng Nga tdu tac ddng len toan bd h i thdng da ban hdnh mdt sac Idnh ve vide chat lUdng ehUdng trinh dao tao giao due ndi ehung, gido due dgi thuc hidn De dn thdnh lap cdc tien sy ); mdc dd qud'c td' hda hoc ndi rieng vdo ndm 1995 Cd trudng dai hpc nghien eUu qudc {thi hien qua viec thu hut gidng vidn va sinh vien nUdc ngoai) the ndi, he thong dgi hpc nghien S6 thang 10.2012 K H O A H O C ô ãi" KI^N NHA KHOfl HOC BAng 1: quy ho^ch tSng thi cho h$ Ihdng gido dye dfil hgc Vl$t Nam Dl/ An GIAo dvc d^l hqc (Ngudn: Worik Bank vi Meet thing 6.2012} B\iu DOI ngQ cAn bO gidng day 2013 2016 2020 1.1 % ode nhd nghidn cilu cao cdp (cd Ihdm nidn) 20% 40% 60% 1.2 % cdn bO gidng d^y cA trlnh dd TS hoQc tirong dtJOng 30% 46% QS: 10% PGS 20% GS 20% POS 30% GS 30% PQS: 40% Kinh nghidm nghidn ci^u (3 nhdm' hOn 20 ndm 10-20 ndm vd diidi 10 ndm kinh nghidm) Hon 20 ndm: 26% TU 10 ddn 20 ndm: 36% DUd110 ndm: 40% Hon 20 nam 35% TU 10 ddn 20 ndm45% Dudi 10 nam 20% Hon 20 ndm: 30% TO 10 ddn 20 nam' 50% DUdl10ndm,20% Bdi vidt duoc cdng bd (ydu cdu tdi thitfu) 2 Ngudn tdi trQ nghidn cUu a) Chlnh phu b) Dan VI (t^ chi/c) tii nhdn (bao g6m cd cdc hop ddng nghidn cdu) c) Cdc l