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7 7 DAM DAO CHAT LOONG GIAO DOC ThS, PHAM LE CLTONG* Trong he thd''''ng giao due qud''''e dan, cac trudng/ khoa dai hpc su pham (OHSP) gii/ mpt vj tri die biet quan trpng Chuang trinh (CT) phat trie''''n nganh[.]
7 DAM DAO CHAT LOONG GIAO DOC ThS, PHAM LE CLTONG* T rong he thd'ng giao due qud'e dan, cac trudng/ giai doan khac ciia hoat ddng DT Vi the, giang vien khoa dai hpc su pham (OHSP) gii/ mpt vj tri ludn ludn phai tim kiem cae thdng tin phan hditijf ta'tca die biet quan trpng Chuang trinh (CT) phat cac khau cua qua trinh phat trie'n CTOT deed the kjp trie'n nganh su pham (SP) va cac trudng SP tif nam thdi dieu ehinh tirng khau etja quatrinh nay, de khdng 2011-2020 da xac djnh: "Phat trie'n nganh SP Viet ngifng ning eao chait lupng DT, dap ifng nhu cau Nam tien tien, hien dai, dii NL dap ifng nhu cau phat nhan It/c cua xa hdi trie'n dpi ngu giao vien (GV), can bd quan Ii giao due Phat trien CTDT GV trung hoc thong cua hethd'ng giao due mam non, giao due phd'thdng, (THPT)dam bao CLGD giao due thudng xuyen va tmng cap ehuyen nghiep 1)Binh hudng phattrien CTBTGV THPT dam giai doan 2011-2020" (1) bao CLGD: De thuc hien muc tieu tren, nganh SP ndi chung, - Phai dap ling suthay doi ve vai trd cua ngudi G V cac ta/dng DHSP ndi rieng phai die biet quan tam boi canh cua xa hdi hien dai Trong bdi canh cua den van de dam bao chait lupng giao due (CLGD) xa hdi hien dai, vai trd cua GV se cd nhung bien doi nha tmdng matrudetien la dam bao chat lupng quan trpng: -i-GVia huaniuyen vien Trong nhatardng (DBCL) chuong trinh dao tao (CTOT) truyen thd'ng, G V la ngudi cung cap thdng tin cd sin, Khai niem CTOT va phattrien CTST theo each rdt tri thifc vao dau hpc sinh (HS) Cdn 1) Chuang trinh dao tao Thuat ngif "CTOT" da nhatrutjng mdi,GV la ngudi giup dd huan luyen xuaif hien ttjf nam 1820, nhien viec sif dung thuat HS, CLing cac em tim dudng rieng cua minti de ngif mpt each ehuyen nghiep phai den cud'i nhifng di den hpe van va su hieu biet; + GVia ngudicovan nim 50 eua the ki XX TtJr cae nguon tai lieu Vdi vai trd eua ngudi co van, GV phai ludn ludn theo nudc va nudc ngoai, cd the tim thay tren 30 djnh nghTa sat hoat ddng nhan thife cua HS de cae em gap khac ve CTOT Tuy nhien, theo ehung tdi, djnh khd khan thi kjp thdi hd trpf, giup dd bing nhifng djnh nghTa sau diytdra phii hpfp han:CTDTthehien mijc hudng, goi y eu the; i-GVia ngudi quan iiqua trinh hoc tieu DT; quy djnh chua'n kien thifc, kT ning, pham vi tap Trong nha trudng hien dai, cung mpt luc, HS co va eau tnic ndi dung DT, phuong phap va hinh thife td' the tham gia vao nhieu hoat ddng khac Vi the, chifc hoat dpng DT, each thifc danh gia ket qua OT GV phai dieu phdi cdng viec, ket nd'i ngudi, diing hpc tap va HS vao mpt si/ ket hop ed hieu qua dd'i vdi mdi mdn hpc, nganh hpe, trinh ddOT Xet ve mat quy md, CTOT ed the dupfc xay dung theo cac cap kliac nhu CTOT d quy md cap qud'c gia, CTOT cua mdt trudng OH, hoic dm ifc hep hon nifa la CTOT eua mpt nganh hpe, mdt mdn hpc 2) Phattrien CTBT.Jhua\ngii"phatirienCTDr dupe de cap d day tuong duong vdi thuat ngif tieng Anh "curriculum development' Khi diing thuat ngif nay, ngudi ta mud'n nha'n manh den viec xay dung hoic thiet keCTOT la mot qua trinh lien tiJC phat trie'n, hoan thien va trd mdt bd phan eiia hoat ddng OT cac tmdng OH Viec dua khai n\em"phattrien CTDT cd uu the Of chd nd xem xay dung CTIamdtqua trinh chif khdng phai la mot trang thai, mdt giai doan tach biet vdi cac 14 Tap chi Gido due so 325 - Hudng vao viec hinh nhung NL coban cua GV Theo Hpi Lien hiep (3V Hoa Ki (INTASC), GV phai cd cac NL sau: -i- Hieu cac khai niem trpng tam, cac cdng cu tim kiem, cac cau true mdn hoc minh day va ed kha ning lam cho nhifng ye'u to cd y nghTa dd'i vdi HS; + Hieu HS hpc tap, phat trien nhuthenaovaedkhaningtaoracaccohdidehdtrp cho su phat trie'n tri tue, xa hdi, nhan each cua cac em; + Hieu HS khac biet nhu the nao ve cacii hpc va tao cac co hdi day hpe thieh ifng vdi eac doi tupng khac nhau; -i- Hieu va sudung cac phuong phap day hpe da dang de khuyen khieh st/phat trien tu 'Tnroing Oai lioc Vinh (kil 1/2014) phe phan, kha ning giai quyet van de va cae kT nang ddng cila SV (seminar, hdi thao, thao luan nhdm, dd'i hoat ddng cGa HS; + Van dung suhieu bie'tve hanh vi, thoai, thi/c hanh, thue tap ); Khdi lutyng kien thife dua dpng CO cua ca nhan va nhdm ijetao mdi trudng vao CT phai phii hop vdi thdi gian DT, tranh qua tai, hpc tap cd Ipi cho si/tuang tic xa hdi, tham gia tich hoic ngupc lai qua nhan rdi; Phai bao gdm cac hpc ct/c qua trinh hpc tap va tu It/e canh sinh; -i- Van phan CO ban, co sd, ehuyen nganh cua mpt nganh dung tri thife ve cac kT thuat giao tiep bing Idi, khdng hpe de cd the de dang nang dan trinh dp va NL cua Idi va cac phuong tien thdng tin cd hieu qua khac de SV qua trinh DT sau tao sutim tdi tich cue, si/tuong trpva hop tac 2) Quy trinh phat trien CTBTGV THPT dam Idp hpc; + Lap ke hoach day hpe tren CP sd hieu biet baoCLGD ve mdn hpc, HS, cpng dong va mue tieu eua CT; Budc 1: Khao sat thuc trang dap ung chuan + Hieu biet va su dung cac pht/ang phap danh gia nghe nghiep cua G V THPT M ijc dieh eua viec lam chinh thuc va phi chinh thifc nhim xac dinh va dam la nhim tim hieu tht/c trang dap ifng chua'n nghe bao SI/ phat trie'n lien tue ve tri tue, xa hdi va the It/c nghiep cua GV THPT.fiTdd, lam rd mife dddap U'ng cua HS; -i- Ludn danh gia hieu qua eua cac hanh chua'n nghe nghiep cua GV THPT (nhait la GV tre, ddng va cac lua chpn cua minh dd'i vdi HS, phu huynh mdi trudng), dat co sd cho viee phat trie'n CTDT va cac nha ehuyen nghiep khac cdng dong Budc 2: Xay dung ho sa nghe nghiep GV giao due va la ngudi tich ci/c tim kiem cac co hpi phat THPT Hd so nghe nghiep dupe hieu la nhifng cdng trien nghe nghiep (2) viec die trung ma GV THPT can lam Oe md ta day - Phai dam bao chaiiutmg, hieu qua, hieu sua'tDTdii cae cdng viec die trung eiia GV THPT, can phai va tinh SP cua CT:+Dam bao chat luong £J f; M dt CTlam rd cac mdi tmdng hoat ddng eua hp Theo chiing DBCLOT phai hdi tu duoe cac tieu chi sau day: Dam tdi, GV THPT thudng hoatddng cac mdi tmdng baoOT dupe dbac cao ve cae NL nhan th ifc, NLthue sau day: - Neu xet theo khdng gian, mdi trudng hoat hanh, NL tu va pham chat nhan vin cho ngudi dpng cua GV THPT bao gom: mdi trudng Idp hpc; Dam bao tinh khoa hpe, tinh cap nhat va tinh hpc va mdi tmdng ngoai Idp hpc (lien quan ta/c tiep thuc tiin eua CTDT; Phu hop vdi yeu eau cua ngudi den viec td' chifc cae hoat dpng ngoai gid len Idp cho hpc va dap ifng thj trudng nhan luc, yeu cau eua st/ HS); - Neu xet theo cae mdi quan he, mdi trudng hoat phattrien kinh texa hpi nudc va hdi nhap qud'e ddng eua GV THPT diin cac moi quan he: te; + Bam bio hieu quaDT: Mdt CT dam bao hieu vdi HS, vdi ddng nghiep, vtii phu huynh, vdi cdng dong qua OT phai thoa man cac yeu cau sau diy: Phai bao Tuy nhien, mdi quan he vdi HS chi phd'i phan Idn hoat gom mdt sd' hpc phan cd tinh ke thifa cao, tranh su ddng cila GV trung lip; Nhifng hpc phan detao kien thifc rpng can Di/a vao cac mdi trudng hoat dpng cua GV THPT duoe bien soan cd dp nen eao, mang tinh tich hop va ehuan nghe nghiep GV THPT, ed the md ta cac manh 6e"hqcmdt, bietmucf; Cac hpc phan, SV cd cdng viec die tmng eiia GV THPT nhu sau: - Tim the tuhpc nhdcac kien thifc coban, cosdf da trang bi hieu dd'i tuong va moi trudng giao c/t/cThu thap va xi} thi giam thdi lupfng len Idp; Phai bao gom cac hpc Ii thdng tin thudng xuyen venhu cau va die diem cija phan bat budc, tt/ chpn cd hudng din va y Cae HS,sudung eac thdng tin thu dupe vao day hpc.giao hpc phan nhu vay se lam mem hoa qua trinh DT va due; Thu thap va xu Ii thdng tin ve dieu kien giao due lam ting hieu quaDT; Cd si/lien thdng giifa cac CT, nha trudng va tinh hinh chinh trj, kinh te, vin cac bate hpc; -i- Dam bio hieu suatDT:Mot CT dam hoa, xa hdi ciia dja phuong, su'dung cac thdng tin thu bao hieu suaitOT phai dap ifng eac tieu chisau:Ouoe dupe vao day hpc, giao due; - Day/ipcXay dt/ng ke module hoa triet (Je cac hpc phan deed the lip hoach day hpc; Dam bao kien tiiifc mdn hpe; Dam ghep xay dt/ng cae CTOT khac nhau; Cd nhieu bao CT mdn hpe; Van dung cae phuong phap day hpephan diing chung dupe cho cac CTOTkhae nhau; hpc; Sudung cac phuong tien day hoc; Xay di/ng mdi CT dUtJc ehia cac l