sit DUNG CDNG NGHE THONG TIN THONG HAY HDC MDN GIAO DUC CHINH THj NHAM PHAT HUY llNH TICHCUC HOC TAP CHO HOC SINH CAC TRUONG TRUNG C lP CHUYEN NGHIEP ThS PHAM VAN HOANG dn (3/aorfucc/;//7/?f/ /(GDCT)d[.]
sit DUNG CDNG NGHE THONG TIN THONG HAY HDC MDN GIAO DUC CHINH THj NHAM PHAT HUY llNH TICHCUC HOC TAP CHO HOC SINH CAC TRUONG TRUNG ClP CHUYEN NGHIEP ThS dn (3/aorfucc/;//7/?f/:/(GDCT)dfrudngtrung ei'p ehuyen nghiep (TCCN) bao gdm nhifng kien fhijfc ve chu nghia Mac-Lenin, dudng ldi cich mang eua Dang Cdng san Viet Nam, tu tudng Hd Chi Minh Nhin ehung, nhifng kien thifc tren deu ed the sd dung qua eua edng nghe thdng tin (CNTT) vao giang day v i hpe tip de gdp phan dd'i mdi phuong phip v i tao hieu qua day hpe (DH) Tuy vay, yeu eau v i die frung rieng nen viec ung dgng CNTT can thieh hgp, khdng the'tuy tien Thuc tehien nhieu giio vien (GV) lam dgng viec su dgng CNTT, dan den viee lam mat di die thii eua mdn hgc v i phi vd mach ndi dung cua bii hpc; ngupc lai, khdng it GV vin chua tha'y dupe hieu qua eua CNTT nen chisddgng mdf cich hinh thue frong cic fief hpe ed ngudi du CNTT day - hpc mon GDCT Viee su dgng CNTT vao DH mdn GDCTcan kef hgp dugc mot cich hai hoa giua y tudng thie't ke ndi dung va ki thuat vi finh Mdf mat phai bao dam die frung bd mdn, ehuye'n tai dugc cic don vj kien thuc co ban can thief; mat khac can bao dam finh thi'm mi, khoa hgc v i thuan tien frong viee sudgng Dd'i vdi mdn GDCT, viec dng dgng CNTT can nghien edu mdf each ki ludng ban Can dif nhieu c i u hdi detra Idi trudc van dgng: dng dun^ nhung gi? dng dung vao bai nio? nao? vi bang each nao? Ciing khdng nen cung nhie frong viee de yeu cau hoic tieu chide'danhgiampfgidday mdn GDCr td't nhi't thief phai ed may vi tinh va ung dgng CNTT Trong tinh hinh cua nhatrudng Viet Nam hien nay, neu G V nao, dia phuang nao van dgng va ktiai thie dugc thi nen ung hd va bieu duong klien ngpi Nhung GV va nhung trudng ehua lam dugc chua ed dieu kien cof sdvat chait tuang dng thi khdng nen coi dd la khuyet die'm Tdm lai, ra't can mdf su nghien cdu td'ng the'cho viec dng dgng CNTT vao DH ndi chung v i DH mdn GDCTndiriengdtrudng TCCN 60 Tap chi Gido due so 325 PHAM V A N H O A N G Rieng ddi vdi viec tjfng dgng CNTT debdi dudng tiem lue, nang eao trinh dp eho G V thi cang van dung dupe bao nhieu cang td't bay nhieu; cic trudng, sd va dia phuong cang tao dieu kien cho GV nhieu cang tdt Trude mit, nen cd nhifng ndi dung gidi thieu viee ifng dgng CNTT eac cudc tap hui'n cho GV nhim gidi thieu v i giup hp thay dd'i nhan thifc Yeu cau G V thay dd'i phuong phap DH va dng dgng cic tuu C NTT, frudc het Bd G D-DT can di dau frong viee d cac ki tip hui'n eho GV Cae trudng hpc vai nim tdi, nen edging dexiy dung dupe mdf vil phdng hpc bd mdn ed su dgng CNTT de GV v i hpc sinh (HS) lam quen va thue hien nhifng gid hpc mau can thief Nhung trudng eddieu kien hon can nhanh chdng nd'i mang de eac to bp mdn cd the' truy cap va khai thie tu lieu theo hudng ehung tdi da neu tren Nhifng G V cd ning lue, nha't la cic G V tre can nhanh chdng hpe tieng Anh va ki thuat su dgng miy vi tinh de su dgng dupe mdf each hifu ieh vio edng viec ehuyen mdn cua minh Cac nguyen tic su dung CNTT DH monGDCT 1) Nguyen tic chung a) Phu hep vdi chuong trinh, ndidung DH C NTT va truyen thdng la phuong tien hd trp cho viec thuc hien ehuang trinh vaquatrinhDH mdn GDCrdtmdng TCCN, vay, viec ung dung CNTT phai giup cho ndi dung hpe tap dugc khie s i u , phuong phip DH dugc dd'i mdi, giup eho viee dinh gia kef qua mang tinh chinh xic, khieh quan, khoa hpc Cac tranh anh, bing hinh, phan mem DH dupe thie't ke, trinh chieu gid hpe phai sif hpp vdi yeu cau eua bai hpe, phai cd tic dgng nha'n manh, khie siu nhifng ndi dung hpe tip CO ban, giiip eho viee tiep thu kien thdc mdn hpc eua HS thuan IpidI dang hon Khdng trinh chieu nhung tu lieu khdng hoic it lien quan den ndi dung cua bai hpc ' Tnrting Tning cap Kinh te - Ki thuat • Diroc Ha Npi (kil 1/2014) b) Gdp phan tich cue hoa hoat dong hqc tap cua 2) Nguyen tic dac trung Viec hpc tap mdn HS Viee sudgng da phuang tien va giio an dien td, GDCT nha trudng TCCN cd nhifng die trung phan mem DH phai tao nhifng tinh hud'ng cd vi'n ra't rieng Vi the, viec irng dung CNTT gid day dedekich thieh va ggi lien tudng, tudng tugng hpc tap mdn hpe cung cd nhifng dac thiirieng,can dugc suy cho HS viec tim hie'u mdn hpc, cdtae dgng giao xet lua chpn ki cang Cac tinh hud'ng DH ung dgng dgc tinh than tu lap, giiip HS biet cich tu hpe va tu CNTT tao nen phai cd tie dung giup cho viec tang danh gii nang lue tiep nhin nhifng vi'n dethue tiin v i eudng kha ning tiep nhan nhifng khai niem, pham kha ning giao tiep eua ban thin trd quy luat va ki nang van dung nhifng kien thifc vao Nhifng finh hud'ng ed vi'n de dng dgng CNTT thuc tiin Oe dat dugc dieu dd, ifng dgng CNTT tao nen phai ed tie dung thuc hien e i the hoa trong DH mdn GDCT can dam bao nhifng nguyen DH; chii trpng den ning lue, thii va trie'n vpng tic rieng cua bd mdn Cu the la: khdng lam dung trinh ciia mdi HS; tao co hdi phattrien ning lue eua tung dd'i chieu qua nhieu bien gid day mdn GDCT vdn la gid tupng HS; gdp phan phat trie'n ning luc tu day tim hieu khai niem, pham trd dudng ldi chinh c) Phu hqp tam - sinh iiida tudiHS Khidngdgng sach cua Oang va phap luat ciia Nha nudc gid CNTT frong gidday mdn hpe GDCT, can chii y 6en xem -nhin nhifng die die'm co ban eua tim li lifa tud'i HS Viee Cac dieu kien su dung CNTT cd hieu qua sudung CNTT de eung ei'p them nhifng tu lieu, kien DH mdn GDCT dtrudng TCCN thdc thuc te l i viee ri't can thief vi nd giiip cho viec 1)GVva HS Oe viec Ung dgng CNTT va truyen hpe tap cua cic em d l dang, thuin Ipi hon Song thong DH mdn GDCT cd hieu qua, trudc het cac tranh anh, bing hinh, tu lieu; phan mem DH, mdi GV day mdn hpc can thay dd'i nhan thdc, die giao an dien tudupe lua chpn, thie't ke gid day biet la thdi quen DH theo phuang phap truyen thdng mdn GDCTcan dat nhiing yeu eau sau: - Ndi dung Neu GV chua'n bj cac slide trinh chieu rat dep, rat hap hinh anh tu lieu dupe trinh chieu khdng qua phifc din nhung vin trien khai DH theo ldi truyen thu cu, tap va cung khdng qui don gian va don dieu Neu cac hinh anh trinh chieu chi cd tinh chat minh hoa khdng, se khdng kich thieh dugc suy nghi, khdng cho bai giang cua GV thi CNTT chi cd y nghia nhu taoduge nhifng rung cam eho HS; - Khi su dung mpt thif "trang sife" cho bai hoc, chu khdng phat huy phan mem de'trinh biy, tdm tit kien thifc hoac tao dugc dung vai trd, y nghia cua nd, dac biet la tinh so dd graph khdng dung mau sic, phdng nen, kieu tuong tac GV phai thuc sucoi CNTT la cdng eg hifu chif qui eau ki ric rdi lim phan tan sutap frung chu ieh nhim phat huy tinh sang tao, chii dpng cua HS, y cua HS vao ndi dung kien thdc bai hpc; - Sd lugng lay hoat dpng hpc tap cua HS lam trung tam va manh va tdc dp trinh chieu eic slide phai ed mdc dd, phu dan thay ddi each DH, dd CNTT mdi dat ket qua hgp vdi kha ning cam nhan nim bit eua tdng Idp Vdi edng cu CNTT, viee hpc tap cua H S phai thue hpc, tung khd'i hpc; khdng g u i nhanh, khdng qua su la qua trinh "hpc each hpe" HS phai chii ddng xac nhieu deHS kjp theo ddi, nim bit djnh mue tieu hpc tap ciia minh, tddd chu ddng trang d) Bao dim tinh tham mi, tinh giio due: • Hinh bi cho ban than nhifng tri thifc dugc khaifhie tirngudn anh, phim tu lieu phai rd rang sic net va cd tac dung hpc lieu vd ciing phong phu, da dang Viee ifng dgng khoi gpi, bdi dudng tinh cam, earn xue tha'm ml cho CNTT va truyen thdng setao cho HS nhifng ca hpi HS; - Cac slide phai dupe thief ke dep, sang rd, hap ngang bang va cdng bang, rut ngin khoang each din thu hut su ehu y eiia HS vao npi dung hpc tap; - giifa eac viing mien Npi dung cic tranh anh bang hinh tu lieu dugc trinh 2) Co sd vat chat (phdng hgc bd mdn, nd'i chieu phai cd fie dgng khoi day nhifng tinh cam, cam mang).Qe(sngdung CNTT edket qua, nhatrudng xue nhin vin, nhan eho HS Mdn GDCfhudng tdi can trang bj mdt nen tang ca sdvat cha't tuong dng td boi dudng cho HS Idng yeu nude va tuhao dan tdc, eac ngudn, cac cap Mdt he thd'ng may tinh dupe ndi tinh than nhan vin, li tudng xa hdi chu nghia, dao due mang, eac phan mem dugc ket nd'i, phdng hpc sd eaofhugng, thj hie'u tha'm mitd't, da dang, hudng dan hda, mdi ed the giup cho viec hpc mang tinh tuang HS quan tam tu dudng pha'm chat dao due ca nhan, tie (tuong tac giifa GV va HS, tuong tac giifa HS va hinh cafinh lanh manh, gdp phan hinh ngudn tri thdc, tuong tie giifa cac ddi tugng HS) nhan cich ngudi lao ddng mdi xa hdi mdi va thdi 3) Quan li, chidao Su dung CNTT chi ed the dai mdi Viee dng dung CNTT DH mdn GDCT" cdng neu cd dugc suquan li, ehi dao chat che, can hudng tdi muc tieu giao dgc tren thdng nhat Can bo quan li giao dgc cic cap can nhan (kil-1/2014) Tap ehi Gido due so 325 61 thifc dung ve vai trd ciia CNTT viec quan li nha phan cam eho HS Trinh dung nhifng tranh anh cd trudng va dd'i mdi cich day va hpe, viec ung dung dudng net, mau sic md nhat va ndi dung khdng dam CNTT va truyen thdng chinh la dau tu eho phat trien, bao tinh tha'm mi tddd cd ke'hoach de tdehdc dng dgng eac mat Viee sudgng CNTT DH mdn GDCT khdng boat ddng cua nha trudng mdt cich cd hieu qua Die biet, viee ting dgng CNTT v i truyen thdng rat can den chi l i phuang tien don thuan m i phai li'y phuong qua trinh xa hdi hda, dd nha quan li giao dge can phap DH lim nen tang; khdng nhi't thief phai tien biet huy ddng cie ngudn luc va ngoii nha tmdng hanh toin bd chuong trinh cua mdn hpe qua fait ea eic chuang, bii cg the v i khdng chi tien hanh dedautu phii hop 4.Nguyenticthietke'bai giang cdsudung CNTT bai ndi khoi Cic ndi dung cd lien quan den ifng 1) Quy trinh thiet ke Cin cif vio ndi dung dgng CNTT can dupe nghien cuu ki, chpn Ipe can chuong trinh, ndi dung mgc dieh yeu cau cua bai hpc than va gia cdng ve each thdc sudgng, dam bao eho die frung eua bd mdn de' thief ke mdt sd bii giang HS vifa nim vifng kien thife eua mdn hpe vda ting dien tu hoic bii giang ed sd dgng CNTT nhim dd'i them ki ning thuc hinh Khdng lim ting ndi dung hpe tap dan den qui tai, can bim sif chui'n kien thdc mdi phuong phap DH Khi xie djnh mge tieu bai hpc theo quan diem DH ki ning v i hudng thai dp • mdi, can chii y den ke't qua HS dat dupe sau bii hpc vdi nhiing phuang dien mge tieu dugc neu ri't cg Tai lieu tham khao the (kien thdc, ki nanq, thii dp) Chu y den mge tieu Bp GD-DT Chi thj cua B6 truung B6 GD-DT \i DH mang finh quan die'm, phuong phap DH tich cue, viec tang cudng giang day, dao tao va ung dung cPng dupe diin dat bing nhifng tif ngif the hien dugc cae nghe thOng tin nganh giao due giai doan 2001mdc dp nang lue eua ngudi hpe de cd the ludng, 2005,H 2001 Quyet dinh so 698/QD-TTg 1/6/2009 cua Thii dinh gii dupe Bii giang dien fuchi dugc hoin thien da ed su tuong Chinh phu vS viSc ph6 duySt "Ke' hoach tdng the hien thuc tiin, hieu theo each khie, neu giio the phat tri^n ngudn nhan lire cOng nghf thOng tin i n dien tuliban thief ke ke'hoach bai hpc cd sudgng d6'n nSm 2015 va djnh huong de'n nam 2020" cacphan mem DH thi baigiang dien fuliquitrinh "thi Ch! thi sd 55/2008/CT-BGDDT 30/9/2008 ciia Bp trudng Bp GD-DT ve tang cudng giang day, cdng", the hien tren tinh hud'ng thue hien dao tao va irng dung cOng nghe thOng tin nganh 2) Nguyen tic supham thiet ke'.Hh\JX\g ldi giao due giai doan 2008-2012 can trinh thief ke bai giang dien td: - Sd dgng kieu Luu Lam "C6ng nghe thOng tin vdi viec day va chif, mau sic, phdng nen tien khdng dam bao hpc nha trudng Viet Nam" Tap chi Gido due, sd tinh supham Sudgng tu4 den kieu chif v i mau sic 19/2002 khie frong mdf slide; ed GV chpn miu chif va D6 Ngoc Thdng "Ung dung c6ng nghe thOng lin phdng nen qui td'i khien HS khd theo ddi; ed GV su day hpc NgS van" Tap chi Gido due, sd 116 dung nhi/ng kieu chif, phdng chif va mau sic ra't rue thang 6/2005 rd, rat nd'i, ri't i'n tugng khdng i n nhap gi vdi ndi dung Viec diing nhifng miu sic, kieu ding phdng nen va SUMMARY chif tiiy tien nhufren edthegay dupe sutd md, ehu At school, there are it applications assisting very y eua HS nhung khdng ed tie dung tich cue tdi viec hpc tap cua eac em Trai lai, nd cdn phan tie dung; - actively to the issue of innovation in the teaching methods in subjects, including political education Sddung qua nhieu slide mdt gid hpe Trpng gid subjects at school However, to make Information day (45 phut) sudgng td30 slide trd len khien eac em teclmology really effective In getting Innovative teachHS khdng the kjp theo ddi, suy nghinim bit ndidung ing methods, avoiding the rampant way It applicakien thdc; - Sudung cie tranh anh, bing hinh trinh tions, machines, form, it should consider the issue from the right approach On the one hand to ensure chieu vdi sd lugng va thdi lugng Idn gid khien the features Dept convey the basic knowledge gid hpc trd thinh gid xem phim anh Neu GV trinh needed; on the other hand need to ensure scientific, chieu qui nhieu (mdi lan fu3 phut trd len) HS se bi thu aesthetic and easy to use As for the political educahut, i m anh bdi nhifng hinh anh dupe xem, dd tion subjects, application of information technology phan tan sutap trung ehu y; - Sudgng eac tranh anh need to research more thoroughly Need to put out a lot of questions to answer before you apply: Applicabing hinh khdng dam bao yeu cau tha'm mi gay tion? Application on the main article? When and how? 62 Tap chi Gido due so 325 (kil-1/2014) ... suy cho HS viec tim hie''u mdn hpc, cdtae dgng giao xet lua chpn ki cang Cac tinh hud''ng DH ung dgng dgc tinh than tu lap, giiip HS biet cich tu hpe va tu CNTT tao nen phai cd tie dung giup cho. .. tap cua 2) Nguyen tic dac trung Viec hpc tap mdn HS Viee sudgng da phuang tien va giio an dien td, GDCT nha trudng TCCN cd nhifng die trung phan mem DH phai tao nhifng tinh hud''ng cd vi''n ra''t... cd tinh chat minh hoa khdng, se khdng kich thieh dugc suy nghi, khdng cho bai giang cua GV thi CNTT chi cd y nghia nhu taoduge nhifng rung cam eho HS; - Khi su dung mpt thif "trang sife" cho