DIEN O A N II HJ^ M ^̂ SI? DUNG MO P H 6 N G TRONG DAY HOC BIEN PHAP DAP 0NG PHBN6 GACH HOC TAP GOA HOC SINH « • • • ThS Nguyin Thj H6ng Chuyen Tru&ng Dgi hgc Suphgm DH Thdi Nguyen SUMMARY This articl[.]
DIEN O A N HJ^ M ^^ II SI? DUNG MO P H N G TRONG DAY HOC - BIEN PHAP DAP 0NG PHBN6 GACH HOC TAP GOA HOC SINH ô ã ã ã ThS Nguyin Thj H6ng Chuyen Tru&ng Dgi hgc Suphgm - DH Thdi Nguyen SUMMARY This article introduces some things about simulation, the role of simulation in teaching and learning Using simulation in teaching to respond the learning styles of students, stimulate interest and maximize learning ability of students to effectively contribute to improving teaching and learning Keywords: Simulation, teaching, student, learning style Ngdy nhfn bdi: 20/6/2014; Ngdy duyft ddng: 28/7/2014 fh de -* Dft van ll ky XIX, qudn dpi Phd - Id t l churc diu Vdo thi t tien tren thi gidi dd sii dyng md phdng (MP) nhu mft phuong phdp hftu hifu vin dl tuyin quan Ban dau ngudi Phi khdng hdi ldng vdi cdch thirc tuyin quan nhdn thdng qua Mnh thurc phdng vin vd lam cdc bdi kilm tra vilt tren giiy, hp dd nghi phuong thiic md phdng - tiie Id hp dd xay dvmg cdc tinh hulng gid dinh vd dft ngudi dy tuyin vdo tinh hulng dd dl kilm tra, xem xet cdch phdn iing, hdnh vi eua mii ngudi dy tuyin frong tinh hulng gid dinh dd nhu thi ndo; tir dd lya chpn dupe nhftng qudn nhdn uu tii nhdt phyc vy qudn dpi (trich theo 13]) Hpe hdi kinh nghifm dd, cdc nude Anh, Hoa Ky, dd vgn dvmg phuong phdp MP frong tuyin chpn vd ddo tgo d ITnh vye qudn sy Din din MP dupe sii dvmg phi biln edng cufc ddo tgo rit nhilu ngdnh nghi vd linh vyc: hdng khdng, thuong mgi, kinh tl, qudn ly giao thdng, xdy dyng, y khoa, qudn dpi, tdm ly chinh tri, • Bfc bift sur dyng MP dgy hpc dd vd dang dupe xdy dvmg vd sii dvmg ngdy cdng phi biln Khdi nifm md phdng Theo tir diln Tilng Vift, md phdng Id bdt chudc ldm theo mft cdi mau Theo tir diln Oxford American (1980) II] dinh ngMa: "md phdng Id cdch thiic dl tdi tgo lgi cdc hogt dfng, cdc tinh hulng thdng qua md Mnh" Trong dd md Mnh Id Mnh ldm mau Id cdc vgt cd cimg Mnh dgng, cd kich thudc dupe thu nhd hofc phdng to hon so vdi vgt thft, nd ed nhihig tmh chit, nhihig d^ dilm dde trung quanfrpngehii ylu giing vdi vgt thgt Theo ScMiber (1987) [ ], MP Id tgo cdc md hinh dupe xur ly hofc cdc hf thing thyc tl theo kilu bdt chudc dl thi Mfn hogt dpng eiia hf thing Vi dy nhu tgp ldi d td, ngudi ta hpc dupe tiiyc tfp fren ca bui difn tur, ngudi ta MP buong ldi thye tl vd nhftng thay ddi eiia dudng xd, eiia ehudng nggi vgt, hf thing den hifu giao thdng thdng qua hf thing may tinh vd man Mnh Tdm lgi, MP Id vifc tgo mpt vgt, mpt hf thing hay mft thdnh phin cua vgt, ciia hf thing khde dd tin tgi hofc chua tin tgi thye t l ed vl tinh chit vft ly hay logic Vdi hf thong dd tin tgi tM nhdm myc dich hpc cdch sii dyng, kilm nghifm tinh diing ddn hay nghien cuu vl hf thing; Vdi hf thing chua tin tgi thi nhdm ehl tgo thiir, ngMen curu hf thong, thye ngMfm cdc vin dl khdng khd tM frong dilu kifn thyc tl hay kilm ngMfm tinh diing ddn ciia mpt vin dl nao dd Vifc ngMen curu, thao tdc tren thilt bi MP giup cho ngudi ngMen ciiu de tilp nhfn thdng tin vd hiiu sdu ddi tupng Do vfy, sii dyng MPfrongdgy hpc dd vd dang ngdy cdng dupe iing dyng rfng rdi nhung chua thyc sy mang tinh phi biln vd hifu qud cao Bdi vilt ndy nhdm gidi thifu nhftng lpi thi co bdn eua vifc sur dyng MP dgy hpc dk tii dd iing dyng cy thi cd Mfu qud cao, gdp phin ndng cao Mf u qud dgy hpc Cdc lpi the cua vifc sir dyng mo phdng dgy hpc - Gdp phin kich thich hiing thii hpc tfp ciia hpc sinh: Hung tiiu nhgn thurc dupe coi Id dpng lye quan trpng eho vife hpe tgp Hogt dpng hpc tgp cd thii sefrdnen tich cyc vd sdng tgo, giup hpc smh vupt qua mpi frd nggi dl cl gdng hpe tfp William A.Ward - nhd giao dye vT dgi cua nude My dd timg vilt: "CA/ ndi thdi Id thdy gido xodng Gidng gidi Id thdy gido TAP CHf THI^BIGlAO DUC-sd 108-8/2014 • 59 II DIEN D A N tdt Minh hga biiu diin la thdy gido gidi Gdy himg thii hgc tgp la thdy gido vTdgi" Nhu vgy, ed thi thiy rdng hiing thii nhgn thirc ed vai trd rit quan trpng hogt dpng hpe tfp vd ngudi gido vien phdi lya ehpn cdc bifn phdp dgy hpc eho kich tMch dupe humg thii ciia ngudi hpe nhdm tdng hifu qud dgy hpc MP vdi nhiing uu thi mang tinh tryc quan, cy thi, hip dan nhilu mdu sdc, dm sinh dfng Idm eho hpc sinh cdm thdy hirng thii vd y thiic dupe y nghia, gid fri ciia npi dung bdi hpc, hogt dpng tich eye dl ehilm ITnh tri thiic khoa hpe MP cho phep ta ngMen ciiu khdng nhiing vl dfc diem ben ngodi eiia sy vgt, Mfn tupng ma edn cd khd ndng ngMen ciiu ed elu tnic, dde dilm, sy vfn dpng, sy thay dii ben ciia sy vgt hifn tupng, nhftng dnh hudng tdc dpng din sy vgt Mfn tupng dd - nhftng ylu to md binh thudng ngudi hpe khdng thi quan sdt dupe thi gidi thyc Vifc sii dvmg MP sS giiip ngudi hpc cd thdi gian nghien ciiu dii tupng mpt each thugn lpi (MP ed thi lam cho qua frinh vfn dpng ciia dii tupng nhanh, chfm hofc dftng lgi thyc tl thi khdng thi) MP logi bd dupe cdc ylu t l nguy Mim thyc tl md van cung elp eho hpe sinh nhftng kinh nghifm cy thi vl dii tupng thdng qua trdi nghifm gidn tilp Siir dyng mo phdng - ddp iing phong cdch hpc tgp ciia hpe sinh Phong cdch hpc tgp (PCHT) eua hpe sinh ed thi Mlu Id cdch thiic md hpc sinh hpc tgp, Id nhftng ehiln lupc hpc thich hpp, Mfu qud nhit eiia moi HS qua dd dl ed thi tilp thu, ITnh hpi vd sft dyng kiln thftc cdc tinh hulng cy thi [1] Cd nMlu cdch phdn logi vl PCHT dd edeh phdn logi dya vdo gide quan VAK (Visual, Auditory, Kinesthetic) eiia Charles Smith Id dupe sft dvmg rpng rdi, phi bien nhit hifn Theo phong cdch hpc tgp VAK, ngudi hpc sft dyng ba bf phgn cam nhfn cMnh: thi giac, tMnh gidc vd cam gidc dl tilp nhgn thdng tin, nMen mpthofc nhilu phong edeh tilp nhfn ndy thudng Id chu ylu Cd ba logi phong cdch hpc tfp: ngudi hpc kilu nhin, ngudi hpe kilu nghe vd ngudi hpc kilu vfn dfng Phong cdch hgc tgp thien vi thi gidc: Phong cdch hpe tgp lien quan din thi giac hofe quan sdt sy vifc bao gim hinh dnh, so dl minh hpa, trung bdy 60 • TAP CHl THI^BIGlAO DMC-sd 108-8/2014 bdn ve, phim, thifp nhanh Ngudi hpc kilu nhin hpc tit nhit qua vife quan sdt Bilu dien so dd hod nhu bilu dd, so dl, minh hpa, td roi, vd dogn phim diu Id nhftng cdng ey hOru ich dii vdi ngudi hpc kilu nhin Nhftng ngudi thich kilu hpc ndy se thdy thich thii vdi nhftng thdng tin dupe trinh bay dudi dgng hinh dnh hon la dgng chft vilt Phong cdch hgc tgp theo thinh gidc: Phong cdch hpc tgp thinh gide lien quan din truyin tdi thdng tin thdng qua thinh gidc: bao gdm vdn ndi, am vd tieng dpng Ngudi hpe kilu nghe hpc tit nhit bdng vife nghe thdng tin Hp cd xu hudng ndm bdt thdng tin tot tu bdi thuylt trinh vd cd khd ndng ghi nhd rit tdt cdc thdng tin ma hpe dupe nghe Phong cdch hgc tgp vgn dgng: Phong cdch hpc tgp vgn dpng lien quan din cdc hogt dfng vgt li nhu va chgm, edm gidc, ndm gift, Idm vifc, vd ede hogt dfng thye tl Ngudi hpe kilu vfn dpng hpe tot nhit bdng vifc chgm vdo vd thyc hdnh, dupe trdi nghifm thye hdnh Id dilu quan trpng vdi ngudi hpc kilu vfn dpng Sftc mgnh su phgm ciia MP thi hifn d chS nd huy dpng tit cd ede gide quan cua hpe sinh tham gia qud trinh xft ly vd tilp nhgn thdng tin Cy thi la cdc eo quan cdm gidc cua ngudi (thinh gidc, thi giac, xiie gide) ciing vdi bp ndo hpp mft hf thing ed khd ndng vd cimg to ldn dl tri gide dii tupng, tilp nhfn thdng tin mpt cdch todn difn, diy dii nhat Nhu vgy, sft dvmg MP se dap ling dupe cdc phong cdch hgc tgp khde ciia hpc sinh, thiic diy hifu qud cua qud trinh hpc tgp Kit lufn Hifn nay, vifc sft dyng MPfrongdgy hpc khdng edn Id mdi, nd Id mpt bifn phdp dgy hpc dang dupe sft dyng biln Tuy nhien vifc sft dvmg MP nhu thi ndo dl cd hifu qud cao dong thdi phdt huy vai trd chu dpng tich cyc ciia hpe sinh Id mft vin dl cln tiep tyc dupe ngMen eiiru Tdi lifu tham khao Nguyen Thi Hdng Chuyfn Ddi net vi phong cdch hgc tgp Tgp cM Gido dye, 12/2013 Bernard RZeigler (1979) Methodology in systems modelling and simulation Oxford, New York Ken Jones (1995) Simulations -A handbook for teachers and trainers Kogan page Ltd, London Nichols publishing company New Jersey ... elp eho hpe sinh nhftng kinh nghifm cy thi vl dii tupng thdng qua trdi nghifm gidn tilp Siir dyng mo phdng - ddp iing phong cdch hpc tgp ciia hpe sinh Phong cdch hpc tgp (PCHT) eua hpe sinh ed thi... ndy thudng Id chu ylu Cd ba logi phong cdch hpc tfp: ngudi hpc kilu nhin, ngudi hpe kilu nghe vd ngudi hpc kilu vfn dfng Phong cdch hgc tgp thien vi thi gidc: Phong cdch hpe tgp lien quan din... phi bien nhit hifn Theo phong cdch hpc tgp VAK, ngudi hpc sft dyng ba bf phgn cam nhfn cMnh: thi giac, tMnh gidc vd cam gidc dl tilp nhgn thdng tin, nMen mpthofc nhilu phong edeh tilp nhfn ndy