TAP CHl KHOA HOC C O N G NGHE GIAO THONG VAN T A I , S O 16 8/2015 13 DANH GIA NANG LlTC TÛ HOC CUA SINH VIEN TRlTdNG DAI HQC GIAO THONG VAN TAI THANH PHO HO CHI MINH ASSESSMENT OF STUDENT''''S SELF STU[.]
TAP CHl KHOA HOC C O N G NGHE GIAO THONG VAN T A I , S O 16-8/2015 13 DANH GIA NANG LlTC TU^ HOC CUA SINH VIEN TRlTdNG DAI HQC GIAO THONG VAN TAI THANH PHO HO CHI MINH ASSESSMENT OF STUDENT'S SELF-STUDY CAPACITY AT HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TRANSPORT 7*5 Tnrcmg Ddc Quynh, ThS Nguyin Bang Khoa Tnrdng DHGTVT TP.HCM, Viet Nam, tdquynhht@gmail.com TrudngDHGTVTTP.HCM, ViitNam khoa cb@hcmutrans.edu Tom tdt: Phdt trien nang lire tu hgc la mgt nhiing muc lieu quan cua ddi mdi gido due Viet Nam ndi chung vd ciia Trudng Dgi hgc Giao thdng van tdi Thanh Hd Chi Minh ndi rieng Qua viic khdo sdt thue ti chung tdi tiin hdnh xdc dinh ndng luc tir hgc vd nhiing yiu td dnh hudng din ndng luc tu hoc cua sinh viin, tir dua nhiing kien nghi nhdm ndng cao hieu qua tu hgc cua sinh viin Tie khod: ky nang tu hgc, ndng luc t\f hgc, ty: hgc, yeu to dnh hudng tdi ndng luc tu hoc Abstract: Developing self-study capability is one of the important goals of education reform in Vietnam in general and the University of Transport in HCM City in particular Through servey we conducted identified self-study capability and the factors affecting self-study ability of students, and make recommendations to improve the effectiveness ofstudent's self-study Keywords: self-study skills, self-study capacity, self-study, factors affecting self- self-study capability GiiHthi^u Truong Dai hpc Giao th6ng vSn tai TP Ho Chi Minh true thuQC B6 Giao thOng van tai, la trucmg dao tao ngudn nhan lire cho cac nganh giao thong van tai nhu hang hai, duong bp, duong song, duong sat, vdi quy mo dao tao cua nha tru6ng tren 15.000 sitih vien, vai eac he dao t^o: Chinh quy, vua lam viia hpc, lien thdng, lien ket nu6c ngoai Hien trucmg dang tien hanh dao tao theo hinh thiic tin chi, dSy 1^ ca hpi ciing la thach thiic cho sinh vien qua trinh hoc tap, frong hoat dpng \\f hpc dong mgt vai tro quan trpng T\r hpc la qua trinh sinh vien thue hien giai quy6t eae nhiem vu hpc tap mpt each tu luc a tr8n ldp hay ngoai lop, co hay khong CO SV huong din true tiep cua giang vien Tu hpc phan anh tinh chu dpng, tich cue, dpc lap va tu chu nghien cuu cua sinh vi6n qua trinh hpc Ty hpc giiip sinh vien due nit phuang phap hpc tap phu hop, bi6t cdch tu sang tao, bien luan mpt v§n dk, nang dpng linh boat van dung kien thiic vao giai quyet cac tinh huong thue te Dong thai, t\i hpc giiip sinh vien bo sung, dao sau, he thdng hoa, khai quat hoa nhung dieu da hpc, co tac dung quyet dinh den ket qua hpc tap, phat trien va ciing co nang lire nhan thiic, siic manh y chi, nghi luc va nhung pham chat can thiet cua viec to chiic boat dpng hgc tap Hoat dgng tu hgc khong the tach roi nguoi day, can co nguoi giang vien de gilip ngudi hgc kiem soat duoc viec hoc cua chinh minh, giiip hp tra nen co y thiie va xac dinh duac chien luge ma hp da tung sii dung hoac eo the se su dung Nang luc tu hpc la kha nang tu minh tim toi, nhan thiic va van dung kien thiic vao tinh huong moi, hoac tuang tu vdi chat luang cao Nang luc tu hpc dupe the hien qua viec sinh vien tu xac dinh diing dan dpng ca hgc tap, CO kha nang tu quan ly viec hpc cua minh, co thai tich cue cac boat dgng de CO the tu lam viec, dieu chinh boat dgng hgc tap va danh gia ket qua hpc tap cua chinh minh de co the dgc lap lam viec va lam viec hgp tac vdi nguai khac [1] Nang luc tu hgc eua sinh vien duac phan anh tren ca ba phucmg dien cua boat dgng tu hgc la nhan thiic, thai va ki nang tu hpc, ki nang tu hgc la yen to trgng tam Cae ky nang tu hpc quan trgng cua sinh vien la: Ky nang xay dung ke hoach tu hgc, ky nang lira chgn I Journal of transportation science and technology, Vol 16 Aug 2015 tai lieu, kJ nang lua chpn hinh thiic tu hpc, ky nang xii li thdng tin, ky nang v?n dung tri thiic vao thue tiln, ky nang trao ddi va phd bien thdng tin, kJ nSng kiSm fra, danh gia Qua trinh tu hpe chju su tac ddng cua hai nhom nhan td la nhom nhSn td ben frong va nhom nhan td ben ngoai Cac nhan td ben frong bao gdm: Kha nang tu hpe, ddng ca, hiing thu hpc tap, phuang phap tu hpc Cae nhan td ben ngoai co: Phucmg phap giang day ciia giang vien, y6u cau ciia xa hpi va nha trucmg, ca sa vat chat, thai gian hoc tap Viec xac dinh diing nang luc hr hoc eua smh vien Cling nhu xac dinh duac nhung y6u td anh hudng d6n nang lire tu hpc se la ca sd quan ti-png d8 xay dung nhung giai phap nham nang cao nan^ luc ti^ hpc cua sinh vien, tii dd nang cao chat lupng dao tao cua nha trucmg Ddnh gid nang luc tu hoc ciia sinh vi§n 2.1 Thiet ke phieu khao sat va kiem dinh dp tin c^y cua thang 2.1.1 Thi^t k^ phi^u khao sdt Tren ca sd nghiSn ciiu ly li4n, thue tien day hpc va tham khao cac cdng trmh nghien Clhl ve ho^t ddng tu hpc, chting tdi tien hanh xay dung phiSu khao sat phuc vu cho viec danh gid nang lyc tu hoc cua sinh vien Tmdng DHGTVT TPHCM, theo md hinh nghien ciiu H.l Phi8u d\r thao duoc gM tdi giang vien frong Tmdng va- mdt nhom sinh vien d6 danh gia vk nOi dung, miic dd ro rang eiia cac can hdi va hudng dSn fra Idi eua phieu Hinh Mo hinh nghien cuu Ndi dung phieu khao sat chinh thiic sau da chinh sua cho phu hcrp gdm cau hdi thdng tin ca nhdn, 59 eau hdi khao sat nang luc tu hgc, 13 eau hdi khao sat cdc y6u td anh hudng d6n nang lue ttr hpc cua sinh vien Cae cau hoi khao sat dupe sir dung thang Likert miic Viec khao sat duac tiiuc hien ddi vdi sinh vi6n h^ chinh quy d hgc ky (HKi ya HK2 nam hpc 2014-2015) Sd luong phieu khao sat hop le thu ve la 924 phieu Cac edu hdi khdo sdt dupe chiing toi ma hoa tu Cl I den C126 Chiing tdi sii dimg phan mem SPSS 20.0 de tinh toan hS sd tin eay Cronbach's Alpha, phdn tich nhan td Icham pha EFA, phdn tich tucmg quan, hdi quy tuySn tinh de kiem dinh cdc gia thuylt nghien eiiu, phdn tich phuang sai ANOVA d6 danh gid su ichac biet giila cae ddi tuang sinh vi§n 2.1.2 Phan tich he so tin cay Cronbach's Alpha Ket qua cho thdy frong not dung khao sat thai dp eua sinh vien ddi vdi hoat ddng tu hgc cdc bi6n C21, C23, C25 co chi sd Corrected Item-Total Correlation nhd hon 0,3, cac bidn C73 va C87 cd chi sd Cronbach's Alpha if Item Deleted ldn han bien tdng [Phu luc - bdng 1] Chiing tdi tien hanh loai eac bien fren va ch^y l^i chuang trinh SPSS, ket qua dat yeu cau, dam bao dp tin cay cua bien khao sat [Phu luc - b a n g 2] 2.1.3 PhSn tich nhSn t6 kham pha EFA Trong phdn tich nhdn td kham pha can dap ling cdc dieu kien chi sd sau: Fator Loading > 0,5; 0,5 < KMO < 1; Ki6m djnh Bartlett cd Sig < 0,5; Phuang sai trich Total Varieanee Explained > 50%; Eigenvalue > 1[5] Ket qud kiem fra Bartlett eho thay giiia cac bien frong tdng the cd mdi tuong quan vdi (Sig = 0,000 < 0,05) He sd KMO=0,912 > 0,5 chiing td phan tich nhan td de nhdm eac bien lai vdi la thich hop va dii lieu phii hpp cho viec phdn tich nhan td K6t qud chgy phucmg sai trich ldn thir nhdt cd mpt sd bien co frpng sd Factor Loading nhd han 0,5 chiing ta can loiii di cac bidn Sau ldn chgy phdn tich lgi chiing tdi loai cac bidn sau: C14, C15, C16, C22, C53, C55, C56, C57, C64, C65, C66, C67,C86, C93 Gid tri phuang sai ttich chay phan tich ldn tini la 58,525% > 50%, 15 TAP CHl KHOA HQC C N G N G H ? GIAO THONG VAN T A I , S 16-8/2015 va gia tri Eigenvalue = 1,086 > 1, cac gia tri fren la dgt yen cdu[5] [phu luc - bang 9] Cdc bidn quan sat dupe gom tiianh nhdm de xac dinh bien nang luc tir hpc ciia sinh vien Chiing tdi su: dung bdng cau hdi sau da loai bd cac bidn khdng phu hap dd tidn hanh danh gia ndng luc tu hpc ciia smh vien trudng dai hpe GTVT TPHCM Thang danh gia duac chiing tdi chia Idm miic la: Tdt, khd, trung binh khd, tmng binh va ydu 2.2 Ndng lyc t u hpc cua sinh viSn 2.2.1 Nh^n thue cila sinh vien v^ vai trd quan cua vi$c t y hoc Da sd sinh vidn dd nhgn thiic diing dan ve vai frd quan frpng cua hoat dpng tu hpc, cy thd ed 72,94% sinh vien dupe khao sdt cd nhgn thiic tdt, 20,24% sinh vidn cd nhdn thiic kha va chi cd 6,82%i sinh vidn nhdn thiic tii tmng binh khd frd xudng Didm sd tmng binh vd nhan thiic ciia sinh vidn ndm d miic tdt nam miic ddnh gid 2.2.2 Thdi d$ cia sinh vidn d6i vol hosit d^ng t y hpc Kdt qud ddnh gid vd thdi dp tu hpc ciia sinh vidn dgt d miic kha Cd 44,16% sinh vidn dupe ddnh gid d miic kha va tdt Ch! cd 12,33% sinh vidn dupe khdo sat dupe ddnh gid d miic tmng binh trd xudng Nhu vgy phdn ldn sinh vidn cd thai dp tich e\ic frong hogt ddng tu hpc, nhung chi dgt d miic kha, chi cd 6,28% sinh vien dupe ddnh gid d miic tdt 2.2.3 KI nSng t y hpc cda sinh vi@n Trdn co sd phan tich ndi dung ciia tung ki nang va ddc didm eua ddi tupng nghien ciiu la sinh vidn ngdnh ky thuat, chiing tdi lua chgn ky nang ttong hoat dpng tir hpe dd phdn tich nham ddnh gia nang lye tu hpe eua sinh vidn: ky ndng xdy dung ke hogch tu hgc; ky ndng tim dpc tdi lieu; ky nang hgc bdi; ky nang ldm vide nhdm; kJ nang gidi quydt van dd; ky ndng tu danh gid Cd ttong ky nang dupe ddnh gid d miic khd, cd ba ky ndng dupe ddnh gia d miic tmng binh kha la ky ndng xdy dung kd hoach, k^ ndng lam vide nhdm vd kJ ndng ty danh gid Ddnh gid chung kJ ndng tu hpc ciia sinh vien dgt d miic khd Tuy nhidn ti le sinh vien cd ky nang tdt cdn thdp chidm 8,2%, sd sinh vien dupe danh gia d mirc khd chiem 48,3%), miic trung binh kha la 36,3%), ti le tmng binh la 7%, hdu nhu khdng cd miic ydu chiem 0,2% 2.2.4 Ndng lyc t y hgc ciia sinh vi@n Nang luc tu hpc eiia sinh vidn bao gdm ydu td cdu la nhdn thiic, thai dd vd kl ndng tu hgc Kdt qud phan tich vdi dp lech chuan bang 0,147, Skewness = -0,294 va bieu dd phan phdi mdu [bieu dd 15] cho thay phan phdi nang luc tu hpc cua sinh vidn la phan phdi chuan Nang lyc ty hpc ciia sinh vien dat d miic kha, da sd sinh vien ed ndng luc tu hpc nhung chua thyc su tdt, cu the chi cd 4,8%) duoc ddnh gid d miic tdt, miic Icha chiem 55%, miic trung binh khd chiem 35,9%, ti le trung binh 4,3%o va khdng cd miic yen (bieu dd2) J.75 3.7 3.6 3^5 MS hd 1 1 34 335 13 325 3.2 Biiu So sdnh ndng luc iu hoc cita sinh vien giiia cdc khoa khdc (CK, KTTT, CTGT HH CNTT D-DTVT, KTXD MT Id ten viit tat cua cdc khoa chuyen ngdnh) Biea Nang luc tu hoc cua sinh viin Chiing tdi tidn hanh so sanh ndng lyc ty hgc gifta sinh vien cac khoa khac nhau, d cac khda khdc De thue hien vide so sanh ndy, chiing tdi su dung phuang phap phdn tich phuang sai ANOVA, ket qua so sanh I Journal of transportation science and technology Vol 16, Aug 2015 tai li^u, ky nang lya chpn hinh thiic tu hpe, kJ nang xii li thdng tin, ky ndng v^n d\mg tti thiic vao thue tidn, ky nang frao ddi va phd bidn thdng tin, ky nang kiem fra, danh gia Qua ttinh tu hpc chiu su tac ddng cua hai nhdm nhan td Id nhdm nhdn td bdn ttong va nhdm nhdn td bdn ngoai Cdc nhan td ben ttong bao gdm: Kha ndng ty hpc, ddng ca, thii hpc tap, phuang phap ty hgc Cac nhdn td ben ngoai cd: Phuang phdp giang day ciia giang vien, yeu cdu cua xa hpi va nha trudng, ca sd vdt chdt, thdi gian hoc tap Viec xac dinh diing ndng lye tu hgc ciia smh vien ciing nhu xdc dinh dupe nhftng ydu td dnh hudng den ndng luc ty hpc se la eo sd quan frpng dd xdy dung nhirng giai phap tihim ndng cao ndng lue tu hpc ciia sinh vien, tu dd nang eao ehdt luang ddo tao cua nha trudng Ddnh gid ndng lyc ty hpc cua sinh vidn 2.1 Thiet ke phieu khao sdt va kiem dinh dO tin cdy cua thang 2.1.1 Thiet ke phieu Ichao sdt Trdn co sd nghien ciiu ly ludn, thyc tidn day hpc va tham khao cac cdng trinh nghidn eiiu ve hoat ddng tu hgc, chiing tdi tidn hanh xdy dung phieu khdo sat phuc vu cho vide danh gia nang lyc ty hgc cua sinh vien Tmdng DHGTVT TPHCM, theo md hinh nghidn ciiu H Phidu dy thdo duac giii tdi gidng vidn ttong Trudng va mgt nhdm sinh vien dd ddnh gia vd ndi dung, miic dd ro rang cua cac cdu hdi vd hudng ddn tta Idi cua phidu Hinh I Mo hinh nghien cuu Ndi dung phidu khdo sat chinh thiic sau da chinh siia cho phu hgp gdm cdu hdi thdng tin ca nhdn, 59 can hdi khao sat nang luc tu hpc, 13 cdu hdi khao sat cdc ydu td anh hudng ddn nang luc tu hpe ciia sinh vidn Cdc cdu hdi khao sat duac sir dung thang Likert miic dp Viec khdo sdt duac thyc hidn ddi vdi sinh vidn he chinh quy d hoc ky' (HKI yd HK2 nam hoc 2014-2015) Sd lupng phidu khdo sat hpp 1§ tiiu vd la 924 phidu Cae cau hdi khao sat dupe chiing tdi ma hod tir Cl den C126 Chiing tdi sir dung phdn mem SPSS 20.0 de tinh todn he sd tin cay Cronbach's Alpha, phdn tich nhan td kham pha EFA, phan tich tuong quan, hdi quy tuydn tinh dd kidm dinh cdc gia thuydt nghien ciiu, phan tich phuang sai ANOVA dd ddnh gia sy khdc bidt gifta cac ddi tuang sinh vidn 2.1.2 Phan tich hd so tin cdy Cronbach's Alpha Kdt qua cho thdy frong npi dung khao sdt thdi eiia sinh vien ddi vdi hogt dpng ttr hpc cdc bien C21, C23, C25 cd chi s6 Corrected Item-Total Correlation nhd ban 0,3, cac bien C73 va C87 cd chi s6 Cronbach's Alpha if Item Deleted ldn hon bien tdng [Phu luc I - bdng 1] Chiing tdi tien hanh loai cdc bidn ttdn va chay Igi chuang trinh SPSS, kdt qud ndy dgt ydu cdu, dam bao dp tin cdy cua bidn khao sdt [Phu luc - b a n g 2] 2.1.3 Phan tich nhdn t6 khdm phd EFA Trong phdn tich nhan td khdm phd cdn dap ling cac didu kidn ehi sd sau: Fator Loading > 0,5; , < k M O < l ; Kidm dinh Bartlett cd Sig < 0,5; Phuang sai trich Total Varieanee Explained > 50%; Eigenvalue > 1[5] Kdt qud kidm tra Bartlett cho thdy gifta eac bien frong tdng thd cd mdi tuang quan vdi (Sig - 0,000 < 0,05) He sd KMO=0,9I2 > 0,5 chiing td phdn tich nhan td de nhdm cdc bidn Igi vdi la thich hop va lieu phii hpp cho viec phan tich nhan td Ket qud chgy phuang sai trich ldn thii nhat cd mpt sd bien cd frpng sd Factor Loading nhd ban 0,5 chiing ta can Iogi di cdc bidn ndy Sau ldn chgy phdn tich lai chiing tdi loai cac bidn sau: C14, C15, Cld, C22, C53, C55, C56, C57, C64, C65, C66, C67,C86, C93 Gia tti phuang sai ttich chay phdn tich ldn tini la 58,525%o > 50%, 15 TAP CHl KHOA HOC C O N G NGHg GIAO T H O N G VAN T A I , S O 16-8/2015 va gia tii Eigenvalue = 1,086 > 1, cac gid tti fren la dgt yeu cdu[5] [phy luc - bang 9] Cdc bien quan sat duac gom nhdm dd xdc dinh bidn ndng lyc tu hpc ciia sinh vien Chiing tdi sii dung bang can hdi sau da Iogi bd cac bien khdng phu hap dd tidn hanh ddnh gia ndng lyc ty hpc cua sinh vien tmdng dai hpc GTVT TPHCM Thang danh gia dupe chimg tdi chia lam miic id: Tdt, khd, trung binh kha, ttiing binh va ydu 2.2 NSng lyc ty hpc cua sinh vidn 2.2.1 Nhan thux cua sinh vidn v^ vai tr6 quan trQng cua viec ty hpc Da sd sinh vidn dd nhgn thiic diing ddn vd vai frd quan frpng ciia boat ddng ty hgc, cy the cd 72,94% sinh vien duac khdo sat cd nhan thiic tdt, 20,24% sinh vidn cd nhgn thiic khd va chi cd 6,82%) sinh vidn nhdn thiic tir tmng binh kha ttd xudng Didm sd tmng binh vd nhgn thire eiia sinh vidn nam d miic tdt ttong ndm mirc ddnh gid 2.2.2 Thdi d$ cda sinh vidn doi vdi ho^t dpng ty hpc Kdt qua ddnh gid vd thdi dO tu hpc cua sinh vidn dat d miic khd Cd 44,16%i sinh vien dupe danh gid d mirc Idid vd tdt Chi ed 12,33%) sinh vien dupe Ichao sdt dupe ddnh gia d mirc tmng binh frd xudng Nhu vdy phan ldn sinh vien ed thai dp tich cyc frong boat dpng tu hpc, nhung ehi dat d miic kha, chi cd 6,28%) sinh vien dupe ddnh gia d miic tdt _ 2.2.3 Ki ndng ty hpc ciia sinh vidn Tren ca sd phdn tich ndi dung ciia timg kT ndng va dgc didm ciia ddi tupng nghidn ciiu la sinh vidn ngdnh ky thudt, chiing tdi lya chpn ky ndng frong boat dpng ty hpc de phan tich nhdm ddnh gid ndng lyc tu hpc cua sinh vidn: ky ndng xdy dung ke hoach ty hpc; ky ndng tim dpc tdi li#u; ky nang hpc bai; ky ndng lam vide nhdm; ky ndng gidi quyet van dd; ky ndng ty danh gid Cd frong ky ndng dupe ddnh gia d miic kha, cd ba ky nang dupe danh gia d miic tmng binh khd Id ky ndng xdy dyng kd hogch, ky nang lam vide nhdm va ky ndng ty ddnh gia Ddnh gia chung ky ndng ty hpc ciia sinh vien dgt d miie kha Tuy nhien ti Id sinh vidn cd ky ndng tdt cdn thdp chidm 8,2%, sd sinh vien duac ddnh gid d miic kha chidm 48,3%, miic trun^ binh khd la 36,3%, ti Id tmng binh la 7%, hau nhu khdng cd miie ydu chidm 0,2% 2.2.4 Nang lyc ty hpc cua sinh vien Ndng lyc ty hpe cua sinh vidn bao gdm ydu td edu la nhdn thiie, thai dp va ki nang ty hpc Kdt qua phan tich vdi dp Idch chuan bang 0,147, Skewness ^ -0,294 va bieu dd phan phdi mdu [hidu 15] cho thdy phdn phdi ndng lye tu hgc ciia sinh vidn la phdn phdi chuan Ndng luc tu hgc eiia sinh vidn dgt d muc khd, da sd sinh vidn cd nang lyc tu hoc nhung chua thyc sy tdt, cu thd ehi cd 4,8% dupe ddnh gia d muc tdt, muc khd chidm 55%), miic trung binh kha chiem 35,9%, ti Id trung binh 4,3% vd khdng cd mire ydu (bidu dd2) MM Biiu So sdnh ndng luc tu hoc cua sinh vien giiia cdc khoa khdc (CK KTTT CTGT HH CNTT D-DTVT KTXD, MT: Id tin viit tat cua cdc khoa chuyen ngdnh) Bieu Nang luc tu hoc cua smh viin Chung tdi tidn hanh so sdnh ndng lye ty hgc gifta sinh vien cdc khoa khac nhau, d cdc khda khdc De thyc hien vide so sanh nay, chiing tdi su dung phucmg phdp phan tich phucmg sai ANOVA, kdt qua so sanh lb I Journal of transportation science and technology Vol 16 Aug 2015 ndng lyc ty hpc gifta sinh vien cae khoa chuyen ngdnh cho thdy ndng luc ty hpe ciia sinh vien khoa Mdy Tdu tdt nhdt, cdn sinh vien khoa Ca Khi cd ndng lyc ty hpc tiidp nhdt (bidu dd 1) Khi so sanh ndng lyc ty hpc giua sinh vien cae khod cho thdy sinh vidn ndm thir nhdt cd ndng luc ty hgc tiidp nhat, smh vidn ndm hai vd nam ba ndng lyc tucmg duong [phu luc - bdng 13, 14] Dd xdc dinh mirc dd tac ddng cua cac nhdn td hinh nen ndng lyc tu hpc ddi vdi ndng lyc ty hgc, chiiiig tdi xdy dyng phuang trinh hdi quy da bidn bieu didn mdi quan he gifta bidn ddc lap va bien phu thudc (ndng lyc ty hoc) Tidn hanh phan tich tuang quan gifta bidn phu thugc va mot bidn dpc lap, kdt qud phdn tich cho thay cdc bidn dpc lap cd tuang quan chat chd vdi bien phu thudc He sd tuang quan ddu ldn ban 0,01, cac he sd tuong quan dao dpng tii 0,224 ddn 0,805 [phu luc - bang 15] Chiing tdi dua bidn vao phan tich hdi quy da bien, kdt qua cho thay cac he sd hdi quy ridng phan ddu ddm bao cd y nghia thdng ke vdi miic y nghia sig < 0,01 He sd VIE ddu nhd hem nen khdng ed hidn tugng da cdng tuyen Su dung ket qud udc lupng he sd hdi quy rieng phdn cua cdc bidn ddc lap [phu luc - bang 16], chiing ta cd phuang frinh hdi quy tuyen tinh bdi nhu sau: Y = 0,101*XI + 0,210*X2 + 0,135*X3 + 0,281*X4 + 0,131*X5 + 0,111*X6 + 0,250*X7 + 0,176*X8 + 0,204*X9 Cdc nhdn td frong dd la: XI: nhan thiic cua sinh vidn vd tdm quan ttpng eua ty hpc; X2: myc dich ciia hoat ddng ty hgc; X3: su ehu ddng ttong hoat dpng ty hpc; X4: ky nang ldp kd hogch; X5; ky ndng dgc tdi lieu; X6: ky ndng hpc bai; X7: IQ? ndng ldm vide nhdm; X8: ky nang giai quydt vdn dd; X9: ky ndng ty danh gia Cac he sd deu ducmg cho thay cdc nhdn td deu tac ddng cimg chidu Idn nang lyc tu hgc eila sinh vidn Cae nhan td cd tac ddng ldn tdi nang lyc ty hpc gdm: Ky ndng ldp kd hogch; muc dich cua hoat ddng ty hgc; ky ndng lam vi?c nhdm va ky nang ty ddnh gia Nhdn td "nhgn thiie cua sinh vien vd tdm quan trpng ciia tu hgc" cd tac ddng be nhdt tdi ndng lye ty hpc eua sinh vidn 2.3 Cdc yeu t6 anh hvdng d^n nang lyc ty hoc cua sinh Wen Tren ca sd phan tich ly thuyet vd gia thuyet nghidn ciiu chung tdi dd xdc dinh cd hai nhdm nhan td dnh hudng den ndng lyc t\j hpc cua sinh vien dd la nhdm nhdn td ben ttong va ben ngoai Dd xac dinh duac cdc yen td nao ttong cac ydu td thudc hai nhdm nhdn td bdn frong vd ben ngodi cd tdc dpng thyc sy den ndng lye ty hpc ciia sinh vien vd xdc dinh miic dp dnh hudng cua timg nhdn td tdi nang lyc ty hpe cua sinh vien, chiing tdi xdy dyng md hinh hdi quy tiiydn tinh bdi de nham dy dodn khd nang dnh hudng eua edc bidn sd dpc lap thuOc nhdn td bdn frong vd nhdn td ben ngodi Sii dung phdn mdm SPSS dB xdy dyng md hinh hdi quy tuydn tinh b^i vdi phuang phdp Enter Kdt qua thu duac chi sd R binh phucmg hidu chinh bang 0,659, didu cd nghia Id md hinh hdi quy tuydn tinh bdi da xdy dyng phii hpp vdi tap dft li?u d miic 65,9%, ttic Id 65,9% sy bien thidn cua bidn phy thudc ed thd dupe gidi thich bdi su bidn thidn cua edc bidn ddc lap [Bang 2.14], Kidm djnh gid thuydt vd phu hpp cua md hinh hdi quy tuyen tinh tdng thd cho thay kidm djnh F ed gid fri sig = 0,00 < 0,01, chiing td md hinh hdi quy tuydn tinh bdi phu hap vdi tap dft lieu frong nghidn ciiu [bang 2.15] Cac hd sd hdi quy ridng phdn ddu dam bdo cd '^ nghia thdng kd vdi sig < 0,01 [bang 2.16], Phuang trinh hdi quy tuydn tinh bdi nhu sau: Y = 3,492 + 0,340*X1 + 0,223*X2 + 0,I03*X4 + 0,056*X5 0,102*X5 0,II6*X6 Trong dd: XI: ndn tdng kien thtic cua eua smh vidn; X2: thdi gian danh cho hogt ddng ty hpc cua sinh vidn; X3: phuang phdp giang dgy cua giang vien; X4: sy dap img eua giao ttinh va trang thiet bi; X5: noi cu tni tmdc vdo dai hpc; X6: thdi gian lam thdm va hogt ddng gidi tri Bdn nhdn td: XI, X2, X3, X4 cd anh hudng cimg chidu den nang luc ty hgc cua sinh vidn Khi eai thidn bdt ky mdt nhdn td ndo frong ba nhdn td trdn ddu ldm tdng nang TAP CHi KHOA Hpc CONG NGHf GIAO THONG VAN TAI, S 16-8/2015 lyc tu hpc ciia sinh vidn Trong dd nhan td "Nen tdng kien thiic ciia cua sinh vien" cd anh hudng Idn nhat den nang luc ty hpc cua sinh vidn, nhan td "sy ddp ung ciia gido trinh va trang thidt hi" cd dnh hudng thdp nhdt Kdt qua ciing cho thdy smh vidn cu tni d ndng thdn cd ndng lyc ty hpc tdt ban sinh vien d thi Thdi gian sinh vidn lam them vd eac hoat ddng gidi tri cang nhidu thi nang lyc ty hpc cua sinh vien cdng gidm Y kien de xu^t Kdt qud nghidn ciiu ndng lyc tu hpc cua sinh vien la co sd de chimg tdi di ddn cdc dd xuat ddi vdi boat ddng ty hpc cua sinh vidn Trudng Dgi hgc Giao thdng vgn tai Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh nhu sau: 3.1 Nang cao thai dp t y hpc cho sinh vien Mpt sinh vidn cd mdt thdi dp ty hgc tdt thi se cd mdt muc tidu hpc tap diing ddn Muc dich dd khdng chi dd ddi phd hay phuc vu cho nhiing muc tidu tmdc mdt nhu phyc vu cho thi giiia ky, thi hdt mdn, hay dat dupe diem cao ma cdn phdi hudng ddn myc tidu ldn ban dd la chidm ITnh tri thue Vi vdy cdn cd nhung giai phdp dd ndng cao thai dp cua sinh vien ddi vdi boat ddng ty hpc Thdng qua cd vdn hpc tap, gidng vien giang dgy cdc hpe phan dd hinh thai dp tich cye frong hpc tap cho sinh vien va cdn cd hinh thue phii hop dd ddnh gia thai ty hgc dd 3.2 Phdt trien cdc ky ndng ty hpc cho sinh vien Phat trien ky nang tu hgc, ty nghien eiiu, chiiih Id vide phat tridn ndng luc ty hpe, tu nghien cuu cho sinh vidn Giang vidn thdng qua boat ddng giang day dd hudng dan, hd trp Uong viec phat tridn cac ky ndng ty hpc eiia sinh vien Hudng ddn sinh vidn tham gia cae hogt ddng hd trp hpc tap: Hogt dgng NCKH, cdc can Igc bg hgc tap, cac eugc thi tir hinh nhftng ky ndng cdn thidt ciia siiih vidn 3.3 Tang cirdng ddi mod phuong phdp gidng day cua gidng vien Phat tridn ndng lyc ty hgc eua sinh vien khdng thd tdch rdi vai frd cua giang vien Ngudi giang vien can khdng ngimg ndng cao, ddi mdi phuang phdp gidng dgy, tdng cudng 17 sii dyng cdc phuang tien day hpc, frong dd chii frpng phuang phdp hudng ddn sinh vidn ty hpc Su ddi mdi phuang phap day hpc can theo hudng trang bi each hgc, phat huy tinh chu ddng cua ngudi hpc, sii dyng cdng nghd thdng tin vd truyen thdng frong hogt dgng dgy hgc 3.4 Gay ap lyc ty hpc, t y nghidn cuu Idn sinh vien Dd boat ddng ty hpc hidu qua thi giang vidn can giao nhiem vy tu hpc, ty nghidn ciiu cho sinh vidn va sinh vidn nhat thidt phdi thyc hien cdc nhiem vu Mdi giang vidn cdn cd cdc hinh thiic phu hop de sinh vidn bao cdo kdt qud ty hpc, ty nghidn cim cua minh Tuy theo eac nhiem vu ty hpc, tu nghien ciiu ma sinh vidn cd cdc hinh thiic bdo cdo thich hpp nhu: Trd ldi cac cdu hdi ciia gidng vien tmdc hodc frong cac gid hpc; bdo cdo cac sd lieu tii mdt bai tap didu tra; thyc hdnh mdt ndi dung da hpc; trinh didn mdt ky ndng da duac hinh thdnh • Tai lidu tham khao [1] Trinh Qudc Lap (2008), Phdt ti-iin ndng luc tu hoc hodn cdnh Viet Nam, Tgp chi Trudng Dai hpc Cdn Tho, sd 10 [2] Ld Dinh (2004), Ca sd khoa hoc cua viec bdi duang ndng liec tu hgc, tu nghien ciru cho sinh vien su phgm ngdnh Vgt ly, De tai khoa hpc cdng nghe cap Bd, Ma sd B2004.09.07, Tmdng Dai hgc Su phgm Hud [3] Ld Cdng Tridm (2001), Bdi duang ndng luc tu hgc, tu nghien cim cho sinh vien dgi hgc Tap chi gido due, sd [4] Trdn Vdn Hieu (2002), Xdy dung vd ren luyen he thdng hy ndng tu hoc cho sinh vien, Dd tai khoa hgc cdng nghd cap Bd, Ma sd B2000-09-46, Tmdng Dai hpc Su phgm Hud [5] Hoang Trgng, Chu Nguyen Mdng Ngpc (2008), Phdn tich dd lieu nghien cim vai SPSS, tap I, II, NXB Hdng Dire, Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh Ngay nhan bai: 5/8/2015 Ngdy chap nhdn ddng: 20/8/2015 Phan bidn: TS Le Van Tr^ng TS Nguyen Van Khodng ... xuat ddi vdi boat ddng ty hpc cua sinh vidn Trudng Dgi hgc Giao thdng vgn tai Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh nhu sau: 3.1 Nang cao thai dp t y hpc cho sinh vien Mpt sinh vidn cd mdt thdi dp ty hgc tdt... Thdi d$ cia sinh vidn d6i vol hosit d^ng t y hpc Kdt qud ddnh gid vd thdi dp tu hpc ciia sinh vidn dgt d miic kha Cd 44,16% sinh vidn dupe ddnh gid d miic kha va tdt Ch! cd 12,33% sinh vidn dupe... hpc cua sinh vidn 2.2.1 Nhan thux cua sinh vidn v^ vai tr6 quan trQng cua viec ty hpc Da sd sinh vidn dd nhgn thiic diing ddn vd vai frd quan frpng ciia boat ddng ty hgc, cy the cd 72,94% sinh vien