4 THl̂ C TRANG GlAO DUC TIEU HQC 6 CAMPUCHIA GIAI DOAN 1993 2013 VUTHIHAIHA* Sau Tong tuyln cff 1993, Campuchia bQdc sang mfit thffi Id mffi thffi Id hofi binh, In dinh va phfit trien K l tff dd de''''n[.]
4 THl^C TRANG GlAO DUC TIEU HQC CAMPUCHIA GIAI DOAN 1993-2013 VUTHIHAIHA* au Tong tuyln cff 1993, Campuchia 6.063 vfi nhanh chdng tfing len 6.910 bQdc sang mfit thffi Id mffi- thffi Id trffdng tilu hoc vfio nfim hpc 2012- 2013 hofi binh, I n dinh va phfit trien K l tff dd Nhff vgy, tff nfim hpe 1993- 1994 din nam de'n nay, CampucMa cd ffiiu kifin phuc h l i hpc 2013- 2014, s l trffdng tilu hpc d a vfi phfit trien mpi mfit dd cd giao due CampucMa da tfing t h i m 2.217 trffdng, Trong hai mUffi nfim qua (1993- 2013), gifio tUdng fftig tfii^ 47,2% Sof (fl so tnfdng tilu due p b l thfing ndi ehung vfi giao due tieu hpc trfin d nffdc Uen tuc tang giai hpc CampucMa ndi rieng dfi cd nhOtig doan 1993- 2013 lfi thffi gian nfiy, chuyln biln nh^t dinh Tnfdc nfim 1996, kinh t l CampucMa da dan dUdc phue hoi vd CampucMa fip dung hf t h i n g gifio due p h i phfit triln, thfim vfio dd, Chinh phu thdng 11 nfim vffi ndm tieu hpc, nfim CampucMa dfi dfit nMfim vu phat triln gido tmng hpc cd sd vfi nfim trung hpc p b l due Id mft nhiitig nMfim vu trpng thfing Tff ndm 1996 dfi'n nay, cung vffi tfim d a dd't nUde, nMeu chinh sfich UU tien nhflhg dli mdi gido due, he thong phfit triln gifio due da duoc dfit Trong gifio due phi thSng d a Campuchia da tang Muc tieu phfit triln tMfin mfin Id cung nhff Ifin 12 nfim vffi nfim tilu hpc Bfii vilt cac kfi' hoaeh phfit trien gifio due, cdp duffi dfiy trinh bfiy v l tbffc trgng gifio due gifio due tilu hpc cung luon lfi mpt vlh de tilu bpc Campuchia giai doan 1993- 2013 then chit Do dd, cd sd vat chit giao due xit trfin ba phUcmg ffien: trUdng, ldp; hpc tilu hpc dffdc dau tU eung lfi ffieu dl Meu Sd' tnfdng tilu hpe d Campuchia giai doan sinh vfi can bf giao vien 1993- 2013 dUdc the Men ro qua bilu 1 Trrfcfng, lofp Khong cM tfing len ve s6 lUpng, chit lUdng cfic tnfdng tilu hpc cung dan dUdc cai Vi sd tn£mg, k l tff nam 1993, so trffdng tMfn Cfic trudng hoc ngfiy cfing dffdc xfiy tieu hpc d CampucMa Uen tuc tang qua cac dutig kifin cl, hifin dai hdn Theo dd, cfic nfim Trong ndm hpc 1993-1994, s l trffdng trffdng hpc xdy bang gach, bfi tSng dan tilu hpc tren d nffdc mffi cM cd 4.693 tbay t h i cdc tnfdng bpc dope dung Ifin tff trffdng, dl'n nfim hpe 1998-1999 sS' nfiy da tfing lln 5.156, nam hpc 2003- 2004 lfi tre, gl S * Ths, VO Thi Hdi Hfi, Vi§n Nghi§n cdu Dong Nam A 53 va Thi Hdi Ha - Thuc tr^ng gido due tieu hoc d Campuchia Bi^n dS 1: S6' trtfotng t i g u h^c or Campuchia giai d o a n 1993- 2013 -S5 truong C > O O O O O H r ^ ^ r H r^ to CTl O C (71 m c T j O O O O O O O O O O (Nguon: B6 Gido due, Thanh nien va Thi thao Campuchia'") Biia dg 2: So hqc sinh t i g u hpc Campncliia giai d o a n 1993 - 2013 i p r ^ o o c ^ o H f > r J i ^ i n « > i c , c ; o a o o o o o o o C C O l C l O O O O O O O o o o o o o (NguSn: Bp Giio due, Thanh niln ua Thg thao Campuchia'") Vi s6 ldp, cung vai sd' tnibng, so l*p ft theo Tuy nhien, ke tif nSm hoc 2008- 2009 ca'p tilu hoc cung t t o g 16n nhanh chdng trft di, so ldp hoc lai cd xu hudng giam, sau giai doan 1993- 2013 Nam hoc dd lai tang nhe ttr nam hoc 2011- 2012 1993- 1994, ca nil*c chl cd 36.798 ldp tilu Ben nam hpc 2012- 2013, sd' ldp hocftta't hoc, de'n nam hoc 2001- 2002 tang len ca cac tnidng tilu hpc ft Campuchia la 60.698 Iftp va tiep tuc tang cac nam tiep 58.837 ldp Nhu vSy, so vdi nam hpc 1993- 54 Nghiin cdu Bdng Nam A sd 11/2015 1994, nam hpc trfin, cfic trUdng tilu hpc tren d nUdc da tang thfim 22.039 Idp, tffdng fftig vffi tang 59,9% Hoc s i n h 2.1 Sd luang, tl li nhgp fwc Vi s6 luang, qua cac s l Ueu thS'ng kfi d the thay s l hpc sinh tieu hpc CampucMa Ufin tuc tang mUffi nfim diu, tQ nam hpc 1993- 1994 de'n nam hpc 2003- 2004 Nfi'u nam hpc 1993- 1994, so' hpc sinh tieu bpc tren d nOdc la 1.621.685 hoc sinh tM dfi'n nam bpc 2003- 2004 s l nfiy dfi tfing Ifin 2.747.080, tffc tang 1.125.395 hoc sinh Tuy nMfin, tff nam hpc 2004- 2005 trd ffi, s l hpc sinh tilu bpc lai cd xu hUdng giam Trong nam hpc 2004- 2005, s l hpc smh tieu hoc d nffdc giam xuing cdn 2.682.129 hpc sinh, nfim hpc 2009- 2010 la 2.240.651 hpc sinh va nam hpc 20112012, s l hpc sinh tieu hpc tren d nffdc chi la 2.142.464 hpc sinh Tinh din nam 2013, so' hpc sinh tilu hpc tren d nffdc da tang them 551.699 hpe sinh sau 20 nam, dat 2.173.384 hpc sinh Thffc trang dUdc t h i Men rd qua bieu 77,8%, den nam hpc 2003- 2004 tfing len 90,1%, nfim hpc 2010- 2011 lfi 95,2% vfi nhanh chdng tfing len 97% vfio nfim hpc 2012- 2013 Cd t h i thiy, tff nfim hpc 20032004 dfi'n nay, ti le nhgp bpc dflng tuli d d p tieu hpc Ufin tuc tfing, luSn trfin 90% vfi cfing ngfiy sff chfinh lich giffi tfnh d n g hi rflt n g i n lai vfi g i n nhQ cfin bing Nfim hpc 2012- 2013, ti lfi nhfip hpc dung tuoi d a nff cflng dat 97%'^' Theo khu vUc, dffa vfio cfic sS' Ufiu thing ke, ed the thaiy tO 1993- 2013, nMn cbung ti le nhap hoc dung tuli d a cfic khu vflc diu cd nhiJttig b i l n dfng nhl^t dinh Trong dd, ti le nhap hpc dung tuli d khu vffc vflng sau vflng xa Uln tuc tfing vffi tfi'c df nhanh hdn khu vUc thfinh tbi vfi ndng thSn Tl lfi ndy d khu vUc thfinh thi lgi tfing giam thdit thUdng TQ ndm hpc 20022003 den nam hpc 2006- 2007, trung binh mfii nam ti le nhap hpc dung tuli d khu vffc thi tang 1,48%, khu vffc nfing thfin tang 0,66% vfi khu vffc vung sdu vung xa tang 2,38% Ti l l nhfip hpc dflng tuli d vflng sau vung xa tfing nhanh la nhflng nam qua, Campuchia da tap trung vfio xay dffng trffdng ldp d vflng sdu Mpt tin Meu dang kha quan la ti Ie hpc vung xa, tfing cd hfi t i l p can giao due cho sinh nQ cd xu hffdng tang, d i n can bang hpc sinh df tuli de'n trQdng d vflng vffi ti lfi hpc sinh nam Nam hpc 2011- nfiy Mfic du vdy, ti lfi nhdp hpc dung tuoi 2012, tong so' hpc sinh tieu hpc d nude la d vung sfiu vung xa van cd mft khoang 2.142.464 hpc sinh, dd, so' hpc sinh cfich ldn dd'i vdi ti lfi ndy d thfinh thi cflng nhff nfing thdn Nam hoc 2006- 2007, ti 11 nfl lfi 1.021.591 hpc sinh, cMem 47,68% nhf.p hpc dung tuoi d khu vffc thdnb ttii, hpc sinh tieu hpc ca nfldc nfing thon, vflng sau vflng xa lan Iffdt la Vi ti le nhgp hgc dung tudi (hay ti le 92,7%, 93,6% vd 88,4%.f5' Nfim hoc nhgp hoc tinh^^^), qua cac sS' Ufiu thfi'ng kfi 2009/2010, ti lfi nh^p hpc dflng tuoi cua cd till thiy, so' hpc sinh tieu hpc ffi hpc thdnb thi lfi 92,2%, khu vffe ndng thfin Id dung tuli d CampucMa cang tfing 95,3% Den nam hoc 2012- 2013, ti lfi giai doan 1993- 2013 dac bifit la tO d khu vffc thi vfi nong thdn l l n lUdt sau nam 1996 Ti le hpc sinh tieu hoc nhdp lfi 83,2% vfi 100,2%