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THUC HllH NGH! QUYft BAI HOI Xll CUA DANG DAO TAO VA SUf DUNG DOI N G O TRfTHUfCTINH HOA VIET NAM 30 NAMDOI MOI THANH Tiru VA NHUfNG VAN DE DAT RA GS, TS NGUYEN VAN K H A N H TS NGUYEN CAM NGQC Dgi hg[.]
THUC HllH NGH! QUYft BAI HOI Xll CUA DANG DAO TAO VA SUf DUNG DOI NGO TRfTHUfCTINH HOA VIET NAM 30 NAMDOI MOI THANH Tiru VA NHUfNG VAN DE DAT RA GS, TS NGUYEN VAN K H A N H TS NGUYEN CAM NGQC Dgi hgc Qudc gia Hd Ngi Cong cuoc doi mdi Sing Cong sin Viet Nam khdi xudng va lanh dao tirnam 1986 den fi li dang tao nen vdc dang ding td hao cua nddc Viet Nam vdl nen kinh te cang tang trUdng, xi hti ngiy cing din chii, tdt dep, ddi song tinh than ngiy cing phong phu Lam nen dien mao mdi nayli cong sde cua toin Oing, toin din, dd co vai tro die bl€t quan trpng ciJa nhiJing nhi tri thdc duU duoc xem l i tlnh hoa cua doi ngd tri thdc din toe Thanh tuu dio tao vi sA dung tri thufc tinh hoa Viet Nam thdi ky doi mdi ( t i n 986 den nay) Ve ddo tgo, tri tfiiic tinh hoa co thi dao t?o bang ca du6ng tv hoc lan dao tao a cac nha trucmg Ben canh tai nang \a s\r ren luy^n nghiem tuc cua ban than, nen giao dyc khoa hoc, chuan nurc, hi?n d^i va tien bp chinh la diju ki?n tien quyet dam bao cho sf phat trien vuqt trpi len cua mpt so it nguoi, dua hp tro nhihig tri tfiiic tinh hoa tfiyc sy Gioi tti fliiic tinh hoa nudc ta nhin chung deu la nhiing nguoi dupc hpc hanh bai ban moi truong dao tao uy tin ca vi ngoai nudc, hAu het co trinh dp dai hpc va tten d^hpc Trong tfioi ky doi moi, chmh sach cua Dang \a Nha nudc ta ttong vi?c xac dinh giao dyc va dao lao la "quoc sach hang diu" la di Ju kifn "tien quyet" cho sy phat trien cua tjng ldp tti tfiirc tinh hoa \ e u nhu vao tfioi phong Viin ni tfiiic Vi^ Nam chli yeu boat dpng ttong Bah vuc khpa hpc xS hpi-nhan van thi tu thai thupc dia den nay, tik la nhiing th^p ky gan day, tang ldpttithitc da dupc bd sung them mpt bp ph^n dong Ha tir lmh vyc khpa hpc tu nhien, ky thugt va c ^ nghf Tren nha tang chung dd, mpt ldp tti thiic tinh hoa moi da dupc hinh tfianh va khdng ngiiiig ldn manh Tren thyc te, vi?c dao tao tti thdc lini hoa ttong 30 nam doi mdi vira qua dS dupc tfa||C hi?n CO hf tfiong, bai ban ttai qua cac b?c hgc Iir thong den dai hpc va sau dgi hpc, voi nhOng phucmg each khac nhau, cy tfie nhu sau: Mgt Id, phdt hifn, tuyin chgn, bdiduangh/c sinh ndng khieu a bdc hgc phd thong B6i du&ng hpc smh nSng khi6u li budc dii tien ttong qua ttinh dao tao dpi ngO tti tfiiic tinli hoa, doi hoi phai dupc tfiyc hifn tir lit sdm, nli la ttong mpt so Bnh vyc dac thi, cin cd td chk nang khieu bam sinh vupt ttpi dupc M hifn tir nhd nhu todn hpc, vjt ly, hS hpa, tfie thao, am nhac Y tfiiic dupc diSu nij; TAPCHklCHStJfOANG 1-2017 tu giua thap nien 60 cua the ky XX, cac nha khoa hpc diing diu nganh giao di^c nufic ta da cho mfi cac tiufing chuyen cap II, 111 de kip thfii phat h i ^ dao t ^ , bfii duong hpc sinh nang khieu cac nganh khoa hpc va nghe thuat Bufic vao thai ky doi mfii, Viet Nam da xay dvng tiianh cong mang lufii dfing dao cac truong thfing chuyen tai khip cac tinh thanh, cac nha giao cfi chuyen mon cao true tiep tham gia giang day Co the diem qua ten tuoi ciia eac ngoi tiufing giau tiianh tich dao tao hpc sinh nSng khieu tren ca nufic nhu Khfii Trung hpc phfi thfing (THPT) chuyen Trufing Dai hpc Tfing hpp (nay la Trufirng THPT chuyen Khoa hpc Ti; nhien, D ^ hpc Khoa hpc Tu nhien, Dai hpc Qufic gia Ha Npi); Tnrong THPT Chuyen, D^i hpc Su pham Ha Npi; Trufing THPT Chu van An, Ha Npi; Trufing THPT chuyen Ha NpiAmsterdam, Ha Npi; Trufifng Phfi thong NSng khieu, Dai hpc Qufic gja Thanh Ho Chi Minh; Trufing THPT chuyen Le Hfing Phong, Thanh phfi Ho Chi Minh; Trufing THPT chuyen Lam Son, Thanh Hfia; Truong THPT chuyen Le Quy Don, Da Ning Trong dfi khfii THPT chuyen Toan-Tin (thufing gpi tai la Khfii AO) thupc Tmfing D^i hpc Khoa hpc Tu nhien, Dai hpc C^oc gia Ha Npi la ngfii tnrfing giau tich nhit, d^t den ding cap qufic t^, nhan dupc nhieu danh hi?u eao quy va trfi mpt dien hinh xuSt sic Clia h^ thong giao dyc phfi thfing a Viet Nam Duoi su huong din ciia cac nha su pham toan hpc hang dau ciia nufic ta, nhieu the h^ hpc tifi chuyen toan d3 dat dupc cac giai thufing cao t ^ cac ky thi fi va ngoai nufic, d ^ bi^t la cac giai tiiuong t ^ ky thi Olympic Toan Qubc tc (International Matiiematieal 01ympiad-IM0)-ky thi danh gia nhit danh cho hpc sinh toan toan the gioi Toi hon 400 hpc sinh cii cua Khoi da trfi tWinh tien si va tien si khoa hpc Nhieu ngufii da trfi giao su, nha khoa hpc noi tieng qufic ti nhu Ngfi Bao Chau, Dkm Thanh Son' Cfi tii^ nfii, cac tnrfing THPT chuyen chinh la noi uom trfing nuoi dirong va bufic diu dao tao eac tai nang tre ciing nhu nguon nhan luc chat lupng eao cho cfing cupc dfii mfii eiia Viet Nam Hai Id, ddo tgo tdi ndng n-e vd ngudn nhdn li/c chat luang cao a bgc dgi hoc vd sau dgi hoc Trong bit k\ mpt nen \ an hoa nao, cac truong dai hoc deu dupe xem la chiec nfii sinh nhung nha knoa hoc hang diu lire lupng nghien cuu cting nhu viec tao nguon nhan Iuc chit lupng eao Ve nguyen tic de tao nen nhimg tai nang khoa hpc tie xuat sic, nhung ngufii se lam chli nen khoa hpc va cong ngh^ ciia dat nufic tuong lai, viec dao tao phai dupc tiiuc h i ^ fi cac trung tam nghien cuu, dao tao lfin, noi t ^ tiung dong dao cac nha khoa hpc co n ^ g t\re nhat Clia chuyen nganh vfii cac dieu k i ^ lam vi§c tuong duong chuan muc quoc te, cfi quan h? hpp tac rpng r5i voi cac co quan n ^ i e n cuu, cac dfing nghi?p va ngoai nufic Tuy nhien, a Viet Nam mfii chi cfi mpt so it cac tiirfing dai hpc, v i ^ nghien cuu lon va mpt sfi mo hinh dao tao dac b i ^ d^q? ung dupc cac tieu chuan khit khe va trfi tiianh nhung hat nhan fi tuyen diu su nghiep dao tao nguon nhan luc chit lupng cao thupc mpt so chuyen nganh khoa hpc quan trpng nhu y hpc, toan hpc, vat ly, v.v Tai day cac tri thiic khoa hpc lam cong tac giao due a trinh dp chuyen gia da hit long tmyen dat tri thiic ky nSng kinh nghidm \ a long say me nghe nghiep sa\' me kham pha khoa hpc cho cac hpc trfi va dfing nghiep Ue ciia mmh Hp cfi vai uo dkc biet quan upng viec bfii dip nen tii^ h? nhung nha khoa hpc ke can tiong hfc lupng nghien cuu cfing nhu tao dpi ngu tri thuc tinh hoa moi vfi cung can thiit cbo dit nufic Co thi diem la ba trung tam dao tao tieu bieu nhu sau: 33 THI/C HItN NGHj QUYfTflAI H I Xll COA DANG Trong Iinh vyc y hpc, Tnrting Dai hpc Y Ha Npi dupc xem la co sd dao tao uy tin nhat mrdc ta \ e y hpc voi bd day ljch sir hon mpt the ky Ngay hi ttudc Caeh mang Thang Tam nam 1945, trudng da dao tao dupc nhieu tiiay thuoc uu tu d?t ttinh dp qudc td nhu cac giao su Hd Die Di, Ton Thit Tung, Do Xuan Hop Dang Van Ngil, Ph$m Ngpc Thach, Trin Hiru Tudc Thong qua dao t ^ d ttuong Dji hpc Y va boat dpng tfiyc hanh t^ cac bfnh vifn, dupc sy diu dit cua cac giao su hing diu, ttong may tfiap ky qua mpt dpi ngii tfiiy thupc gidi va nha y bpc uu hi da dupc t ^ dyng cbo ngartfi y td Vift Nam Trong Imh vyc khoa bpc xa hpi, Truong Dji hpc Tong hpp Ha Npi (nay Id Trudng Dai hpc Khpa hpc X3 hpi v i Nlian van, Dji hpc C^ioc gia Ha Npi) cdng dupc xem la mpt trung tam dao tjo tti tfiiic hang diu cua Iinh vyc KJii dit nudc chuyen sang thoi ky mdi, nha trudng da co nhihig budc chuyen minh ntianh chdng va sau rpng de ddng vai ttd hen phpng ttong sy nghifp dpi mdi giao dyc dji hpc tten cac linh vyc miii nhpn nhu: lich su, van hpc, diet hpc, ngon ngir hpc, quan hf qudc te, bio chi - truyen thdng Tji day, cac giao su diu nganh nhu Dmh Xuan Lam, Phan Huy Le, Ha Van Tan, Tran Qudc Vupng, Phan Cy Df Nguyen Tai Cin, Ha Minh Diic, Phan Hdu Djt da het lpng ttuydn tfiy tti tfiirc va vun trdng nhan each cho nhieu the hf hpc trd, cd cdng lao to ldn ttong vifc dio tao nen ngudn nhan lye chat lupng cao v i khoa hpc xa hpi va nhan van ca d bje dji hpc va sau dai hpc^ Hp da cong hidn khpng nhd vao v iec tjo nen mpt Idp di tfiiic mdi vira "hdng" vira "chuyen" cho dit nudc, ttong do, n h i k ngudi da ttd tfianh nhiing nha lanh djo, quan ly xuit sic, nhihig nha khoa hpc va chuyen gia gioi dupc xa hpi kinh ttpng va inn vmh Trong mpt Iinh vyc quan ttpng khac cua khoa hpc la loan hpc, Vifn Toan hpc dupc xera li co 34 sd dao tjo lai ndng toan hpc tieu bieu d b|c » dji hpc cua nirdc ta Day li mpt vipn hang diu cua Vifn Han lam khoa hpc va Cdng nghf Viji Nam, dupc Vifn Han lam khoa hpc The gidi Ihg ba cong nhjn la mpt Oong 10 ttung tim xuit sk thupc cac nudc dang phit trien Hiem cd co so nghien ciiu khoa hpc nao d nudc ta cd mpt dpi ngu himg hau cac nha khoa hpc ttinh dp cao obg Vifn Toan hpc vdi nhieu nha fciin hpc ndi ti&j ttong cd nhirng ngudi da dupc bau li Vifn j Vifn Han lim Khoa hpc The gidi tfiii ba Hojl dpng dap tap sau dai hpc cua Vifn Toan hpc di dirpc bat diu hi rat sdm vdi chucmg trmh dao tao tien sT tii nam 1980 va thjc sT tir nam 1996 Khong chi la mpt co so nghien cuu hing dau, Vifn Toan hpc la co scr dao tjo chit lupng cao ve toan, noi san smh nhieu tfie hf nhin ti eho nen khoa hpc Vift Nam, dua Vift Nam sdm hpi nhjp qudc te ve tpin hpc Ben cjnh dd, nhieu tri thiic nudc ta di dugc giri di dao tjo tji c i c qudc gia phit trien hen thd gidi nhu Anh, Phap, Dirc, My, Nh|t Bp phjn nay, s6 lupng khdng thjt ddng dao nhung Iji djc bift co chit lupng va hi$n difn tren nhieu ITnh vyc cua lao dpng, sing tjo, c6 cdng hien ldn lao cho xa hpi tt-png su6t nhihig th j p ky vira qua Nhu vay, sii mfnh dao tjo nhan tii vi nguii nhan lyc chat lupng cao cua ndn giao dyc ViJ Nam tfioi ky ddi mdi da git hai dupc nhidu tfiinh tyu nhd sy quan tam cua Dang, Nha nudc vi sv ddng gdp cua nhirng hi tiiirc hing diu cd tam vdi sy nghifp ttdng nguoi Bing nhidu hojt ddog da dang ttong dao tao, giio dyc Vift Nam tf* ky da gdp phan khong nhd vio vifC khuyil khich sy hpc , i : Nxb CTQG, H, 2006, tt IB 28 Bich Lan: "Nguyen Ph6 Thli tuiSng v a Khoan nS 12 Xem Dio van Khanh, Pham Tlii Ly.Nguy&i van ve giai phip de Ihu hiit nhan tif', hUpj'A'ov.vn/chinlrti Tuan: " D i l w nghien Cliu khoa hgc: T l i i chli >€ii "nuoi" nguyen-pho-thu-luong-vu-khoan-noi-v&^-phafHM* cin bp", hilp:/•tuanvietnamvieaiamnel.vn'ngiy 6-12-2012 hut-nhan-tai-, 20-2-2015 44 ... tri thiic tinh boa, tiiiic da> gifii tii thiic tinfa hoa thyc hien vai tro chuyen mfin \ a tracb nhi?m xa bpi cua minh Dang va N''ha nufic dft tiao cho ui thuc tinh hoa nhieu trpng traeh ''a nhfing... suphat trien eita khoa figc vd gido nhifm vy cd y nghia quyet djnh ttong vi?c due: Trong linh vyc khoa hpc, tri thiic tinh hoa cung cap mpt ngudn nhan lyc ddi dio vdi chai Vlft Nam ca ttong v i... nufic Theo vi§c sir dyng tri thiic tinh hoa thoi ky dfii danh gia cua nhieu chuyen gja, tinh trang thieu mfii nhu tren eho phep chiing ta mpt lan nua hut cac nha khoa hpc, cac tfing cfing trinh su