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VAN DUNG PHl/CfNG P H A P DAY HOC H0P T A C VAO GIANG DAY TAI TRl/OlNG DAI HOC KINH TE CONG NGHIEP LONG AN • ThS Nguyin Van Toan (*) • CN Nguyin Thj HuyIn Trang (**) T 6 M TAT Phdt huy tinh tich cue,[.]
VAN DUNG PHl/CfNG P H A P DAY HOC H0P T A C VAO GIANG DAY TAI TRl/OlNG DAI HOC KINH TE CONG NGHIEP LONG AN • ThS Nguyin Van Toan (*) • CN Nguyin Thj HuyIn Trang (**) T6M TAT Phdt huy tinh tich cue, tinh thdn tu gide chu dpng, sdng tgo hpc tap Id mPt yiu cdu cdp thiit cua ede trudng hi?n Tuy nhien, tinh hinh dgy hpe a nude ta hiin vdn chua tgo dupe su thu hpc tap eho ngudi hpc Phuang phdp hpc hpp tdc la mpt phuang phdp hpc mdi, kich thieh thu hpc tap, tgo mdi trudng hpc tap thodi mdi, vd ngudi hpc se tu tin phdt biiu y kien, ren luyen duac ky ndng ldm viec dpc lap Phuang phdp ndy cdng giup eho ngudi hpc cd thdi dp tich cue hpe tap vd hgn che khodng cdch giiia nhiing ngudi gidi vd cdc bgn yiu han Trudng Dgi hpc Kinh te Cdng nghiip Long An cdn mgnh dgn dp dung phdi hap cdc phuang phdp gidng dgy khdc nhau, vua ddi mdi nhung khdng qud khd khdn cho hpe sinh, sinh viin tiep can; edn giu gin vd phdt huy cdc phuang phdp truyen thdng dd cd di ldm eho qud trinh hpc tap sdi dpng han gdp phdn ndng cao chdt luang ddo tgo cua trudng Tie khda: Phuang phdp hpc hpp tdc Ddi mdi phuang phdp dgy hpe SUMMARY Developing activeness, self-awareness, creativeness in study are an essential requirement for schools nowadays However, the teaching situation in VN has not made more interests in learners' study Cooperative study method is a new one stimulating study interest, which creates comfortable study environment And learners will be more confident to give ideas and train independent work skill This method also helps those whose attitude is positive in study and limit distance between good and bad learners It is strongly applied to coordinate various teaching methods at Long An University, which is innovative but not hard for students to approach Available traditional methods should be conserved and proved to make study process more exciting, which helps enhancing the university's training quality Keywords: cooperative study method, teaching method • ^^" ^ Trong nhiing nam gdn ddy, ddi mdi phuang phap day hpc Id mdt nhung nhidm vy quan trpng cua cai each gido dye ndi chung va cdi each bgc trung cdp chuyen nghiep, cao ddng, dgi hgc ndi ridng Cd rdt nhidu giai phdp ddi (*), (**) Phing QLDT va CT HSSV TrviTig OH KTCN LA innovation mdi giao dye, nang cao hieu qua cdng tdc gidng day nhu: ddi mdi chuang trinh, ndi dung, phuang phap day - hgc, tang cudng ca sd vat chdt, xa hdi hda cdng tdc giao due Trong do, gidi phdp ddi mdi phuang phdp day - hge cd tdm quan trgng ddc bidt KHOA HOC - UNG DUNG Thyc trgng vd tinh hinh hpc tap cua hgc sinh, sinh vidn (HSSV) d cac trudng trung cdp chuyen nghidp, cao dang va dai hge ca nudc ndi chung, Dgi hgc Kinh td Cdng nghiep Long An ndi rieng; eae phuang phdp giang dgy truyen thdng chua tao dugc sy thu hgc tap ciia cac em Theo xu tbd phdt trien chung, mdi giao vien cdn phdi van dyng phuong phap giang day phd hgp, vda ddi mdi nhung khdng qud khd khan cho HSSV tidp can Mpt sd giang vien tre ehua cd kinh nghiem thuc te, nen gidng day van dyng cae phuang phdp mdt each thieu linh boat, chua phu hgp vdi sy tidp thu cua cdc em Cde giang vidn cd kinh nghiem thi ngai ddi mdi, van dya vdo phuang phap truyen thdng, ddt bidt Id cdch day thuyet trinh vdn chiem chu dao cac phuang phdp dgy hpc, hgn chd vide phat huy tinh tich cyc va sdng tgo, tim tdi hpc hdi cua HS SV Vd hinh trung tao cho cac em ldi tu hgc tap theo kieu thay truyen kien thdc eho trd, trd hge tap, tidp thu va thi kdt thuc mdn Kidn thuc khoa hpc la vd bd ben va vdi cdng nghp hien dgi nhu mgng internet, sach didn tu cung vdi cac giao trinh, bai giang thu vipn, day Id kho kien thiic rat quy gia ma nhieu HS SV bd qua hogc chua quan tam dung mue Vi the, theo chung tdi de nang cao hieu qua giang day, phu hgp xu thd mdi, chung ta can mgnh dan dp dyng phdi hgp cdc phuang phdp gidng dgy, giu gin vd phat huy cac phuang phap gidng dgy truydn thdng da cd Cac phuang phdp gidng day hien da hgn chd dugc phan ndo cdc nhugc diem ciia phuang phap gidng dgy truydn thdng ldm cho qud trinh hpc tap tren ldp sdi ddng han, tao hdu khdng hpc tap tdt han, gidm dugc sy thy ddng cua ngudi hge, kich thich tinh thdn ty gidc hgc tgp, chu dgng, sang tgo tu duy, bdi duang nang lyc ty hgc, ty ren luyen va ngudi hpc se chu dgng tiep thu bai, ghi nhd kien thdc Idu hon Hgc hgp tac la mpt nhung phuang phap giang dgy dang dugc dp dyng nhieu tgi cdc trudng hidn Vi vay viec dp dung phteang phdp dgy hpc hap tdc vdo gidng dgy tgi Trudng Dal hgc Kinh te Cong nghiep Long An giup ndng cao chat lugng ddo tao giang day, ddi mdi each tidp can gidng day, ddp dng nhu cdu ngudn nhan luc cd chat lugng cao cho xa hdi Phu-tfng p h a p day hoc hgp tdc tai t r u d n g Dai hgc Kinh te Cdng nghifp Long An 2.1 Khai niem dgy hgc hgp tdc Hgc hgp tac la mgt hinh thuc td chdc day hpc ma cac nhdm HSSV cung gidi quydt cac nhiem vy hpc tap giang vidn ndu ra, tu rut kien thuc dudi sy hudng ddn cua giang vien Hinh thuc hgc tap ddi hdi sy tham gia ddng gdp tryc tiep vd tich cyc cua moi HSSV vao qua trinh hgc tap, se tao ndn mdi trudng giao tiep, hgp tdc giua trd vd trd, thdy vd trd, do, vai trd eua mdi HSSV gdn nhu ngang 2.2 Y nghTa va tdc dyng ciia phuang phap dgy hgc hgp tac Day Id phuang phap giup cho HSSV chu ddng vd sdng tao, nang cao dugc thdnh tich hpc tap cua hg Mpi ngudi cdn phai ndi dd lam ro nhung gi minh da nghe, dpc, quan sat, trai nghiem vd ldm ro nhiing suy nghT cua minh, tu ndng cao cdch lya chgn tu ngir va sap xdp y tudng cho ngudi hgc Phuang phap ddi hdi ngudi hpc phai vdn dyng cac kidn thdc da bidt dd gidi quydt van dd qua dd hgc hdi dugc kidn thdc va hinh kinh nghiem mdi Bdn cgnh do, hpc hgp tac cung tgo mdi quan hp gdn gui giua cac HSSV, tgo dieu kien cho hg hidu ban vd giup dd ldn Cac thdnh vien nhdm cd sy phy thugc tich cyc Idn nhau, chinh sy phu thugc bdt budc mgi ngudi phdi cung hoan cdng vide ma mpt ngudi khdng thd lam dugc Mdi vien nhdm phdi nam ro kidn thdc, ddng thdi phdi bao ddm tdt cd thdnh vidn deu nam vung kien thdc va sy nd lyc eua mpi ngudi la su cdn thidt cho sy thdnh cdng eua nhdm, moi vidn deu cd nhung ddng gdp nhdt dinh vao cdng vide chung cua nhdm Hgc hgp tac cdn tao sy lanh mgnh, thoai mai vd mat tdm ly cho ngudi hgc, giup ngudi hpc cam thdy thodi mdi, ty tin phat bieu y kidn, td do, phdt trien dugc kha nang giao tidp, tang cudng sy ty tin, ren luydn khd ndng duong ddu vdi khd khan, trd nggi vd ky nang giai quydt cdc tinh hudng cd vdn de Qua qua trinh hgc tap hgp tde, hgc sinh dugc ren luydn cac ky ndng lam viec dgc lap tren tinh thdn hgp tdc, dd ty hoan thidn cac kidn thuc vd ky ndng cua minh Vide thao ludn nhdm, trinh bdy ede giai phap trudc tap the - nhdm - ldp Id CO hdi ren luyen each dien dat, each giao tidp, dng xu va the hidn ban ITnh cd nhdn Tuy nhien hpc tap hgp tdc, neu khdng cd sy kiem soat cua gidng vien cd the din tdi mpt sd hgc sinh y lgi, ludi bieng, ddn vide cho mgt sd ca nhdn cd ndng lyc Hgc tap hgp tdc cung hi hgn che bdi khdng gian va thdi gian cua tidt hpc De vgn dyng cd hieu qua phuong phdp hpc tap hgp tac, giang vien cdn kheo leo vide chia nhdm, tinh |-^**^ td giao nhiem vy va kidm soat chat che cdc hoat dgng cua mdi nhdm Tuy nhien, de ap dung dugc phuang phap ndy ddi hdi ngudi gidng vien phai ty trang bi cho minh cdc ky nang xd hdi va phai cd thdi gian dd thich nghi vdi vai trd la mpt ngudi hudng ddn, ngudi dieu khidn Ngudi hgc cung can phai cd sy thich nghi Idn vdi phuang phap hpc mdi nay, neu ngudi hgc khdng dugc trang bi cac ky nang xa hgi thi tinh hinh cd the se trd ndn xau di Dd phuang phap dgy hpc dgt hieu qua, ngudi gidng vien khdng nen thu nghiem tdt cd mpi thu cung mdt luc, md phai dp dung cdc phuang phdp can thiep ddn dan Trudc tidn, gidng vien can gidi thieu va giai thich cho HSSV the ndo la phuang phap hoc tap hgp tdc, quan tdm den khdng cua ldp hpc; cham soc, tdn trgng, khuyen khich, thuc day mdt each tich eye dieu quan trpng la khdng ndn can thiep qud sdu vdo cdng viec cua cac nhdm HSSV cdn cd thdi gian de hgc each ty tim hieu vd gidi quydt vdn dd cua chinh hg 2.3 Nhung khd khdn van dyng phuang phap dgy hpc hgp tac tai Trudng Dai hgc Kinh td Cdng nghiep Long An Mac du phuong phap dgy hpc hgp tdc cd nhidu uu diem, phu hgp vdi xu hudng hien va cung dugc khuyen khich su dyng rdng rdi Trudng Dgi hpc Kinh td Cdng nghipp Long An nhung viec dp dung vao thyc td gidng day cdn gap mgt sd khd khan: Sinh vien chua thich ung kip vdi phuang phap hpc tap mdi, mdt sd cdn cho rdng phuang phdp hgc truyen thdng de tiep thu han, ddc diem cua sinh vien Viet Nam thudng nggi phat bidu y kien trudc tap the ldp hpc mac cd, sg ESaiiii:iiMigi;in; mamm KHOA HOC - U'NG DUNG sai, sg hi gidng vidn phe binh Trong cdc gid hgc bidu hidn chu ydu cua sinh gidng day mdi, vide sd dyng phuang phdp giang dgy truydn thong la phu hgp Gid hpc thue hdnh cua sinh vien Trudng DH KTCN LA vien van la su thy ddng tiep thu tri thdc Sinh vien it tim tdi, it tu phdt hien tri thdc, vi vdy viec trudng vd tu va niem vui kham pha hgn che Ban than sinh vien chua hieu het vai trd Idm chu cua minh gid hgc, chua cd phuang phap hpc va tu hpc cung nhu chua the hidn tinh tu giac, tich cyc, chu dgng sang tao hpc tap - Ke den Id ky nang giao tiep cua sinh vien cdn hgn chd Ndu dugc phat trien ve ky nang giao tidp, sinh vien se dgt dugc cac hieu qua tich cyc vide hpc cung nhu khd nang xin viec sau trudng - Vide chudn bi cho cac tiet dgy cua giang vien ddi hdi sy cdng phu, tdn kem vd phu thudc vao nhieu ydu td: trang thiet hi, phuang tien hd trg, ket cdu hg tdng - Mdt sd giang vien chua thay dugc sy can thiet phai su dyng phuang phdp han vdi vdi each thiic giang dgy cua hp Viec nang cao chdt lugng dao tgo cua nha trudng thdi gian ngdn khd cd the lam dugc, vi vdy nha trudng dang dan dan hodn thien he thdng co sd vat chat de phyc vy tdt nhat cho vide dgy va hgc Ben cgnh cung can sy nd lyc het minh cua ddi ngu giang vien ciing nhu sinh vidn toan trudng Thdng qua vide dp dung phuang phdp day hpc mdi, nha trudng thudng xuydn tdng hgp y kidn ddng gdp cua gidng vidn vd sinh vien, dd tu dd lya chpn nhung phuong phdp thich hgp dem lgi hieu qud cao nhat, phu hgp vdi muc tieu, npi dung dgy hpc va didu kien, phuang tien hien cd Dong thdi tren ca sd cd sy h5 trg cua nhd trudng, giang vien nen mgnh dan su dyng eac phuang phdp, phuang rien mdi dd ndng cao chdt lugng va hieu qua dgy hgc Vide danh gia kdt qud hgc tap phdi dya tren qud trinh hpe tap cua sinh vidn |f^Ji|!ll.aiJI!tJJJ.lJIAH.I!IIJJ KHOA HOC - UNG DUNG vd khdng chi dimg lai d vi?c thi va kidm tra Ndu ap dyng each thuc danh gid hpc tap theo qua trinh, sinh vien se tich cyc Ket tham gia vdo quy trinh dgy hpc va dd cung la didu thugn lgi cho viec ap dyng cdc phuang phap day hpc mdi ludn Dgy hgc hgp tde khdng ngoai mye dich dinh hudng, kich thich hge tap tich cyc, tang cudng thu, thoai mai, dao sdu kidn thuc, hidu qud vung ben cho sinh vien Didu chinh dugc boat ddng dgy, ngudi Thdy se tgo nen dugc mdi quan he tuang tac giua thdy va trd, tgo didu ki$n tdt nhat de cdc em gdp sdc minh vao bai gidng Cd nhidu phuang phap gidng dgy cdi tidn giup sinh vien hgc tap mgt each chu ddng vd trdi nghidm, mdi phuang phap deu cd nhung mat thudn lgi va khd khan rieng Tuy vao tung muc tidu vd didu kipn cu the, gidng vien se phdi hgp Iinh hoat cdc phuang phap khac giang dgy, chu khdng chi rieng phuang phdp dgy hgc hgp tdc, giang vien cung cdn nghien cdu, tim hieu cdc phuang phap day hgc tich cyc khac, de dua hidu qua dgy va hgc tgi Trudng Dgi hgc Kinh te Cdng nghiep Long An ldn cao hon nua Tdi li^u tham khdo [1] Ngd Thi Nggc Dung (2001), Md hinh td chiec hpc theo nhdm gid hpc tren ldp, Tgp chi Giao dye so 3, qui II, nam 2001 [2] Ngd Thi Thu Dung (2002), Mpt sd vdn de ve ky ndng hpc theo nhom cua hpc sinh, sinh viin Tap chi Giao dye sd 46, qui IV ndm 2002 [3] Nguydn Nggc Bdo (1995), Phdt triin tinh tich cue, tinh tu lgc cua hpc sinh qud trinh dgy hpc, NXB Hd Ngi [4] Nguydn Thdnh Kinh (2009), Doi mdi phuang phdp dgy hpc theo hudng tich cue hda ngudi hpc Tap chi Giao Dye, sd 223 qui II, nam 2009 [5] Nguydn Thi Hdng Nam (2012), Phuang phdp dgy hpc hpp tdc, Sd tay gidng vidn, NXB Dgi hgc Cdn Tha [6] Phan Trpng Ngp (2005), Dgy hpe vd phuang phdp dgy hpc nhd NXB Dai hgc Su Pham trudng, Ngay nhdn: 21/10/2013 Ngay duyet dang: 26/12/2013 losnoiDi^saBi] ... cdn phdi van dyng phuong phap giang day phd hgp, vda ddi mdi nhung khdng qud khd khan cho HSSV tidp can Mpt sd giang vien tre ehua cd kinh nghiem thuc te, nen gidng day van dyng cae phuang phdp... ydu td: trang thiet hi, phuang tien hd trg, ket cdu hg tdng - Mdt sd giang vien chua thay dugc sy can thiet phai su dyng phuang phdp han vdi vdi each thiic giang dgy cua hp Viec nang cao chdt... phteang phdp dgy hpc hap tdc vdo gidng dgy tgi Trudng Dal hgc Kinh te Cong nghiep Long An giup ndng cao chat lugng ddo tao giang day, ddi mdi each tidp can gidng day, ddp dng nhu cdu ngudn nhan