TAP CHi KHOA HOC BAI HQC BONG NAI, SO 05 2017 ISSN 2354 1482 DOI MCfl PHT/ONG PHAP GIANG DAY LY LUAN CHINH TRI 6 CAC TRlTonVG DAI HOC CUA VIET NAM HIEN NAY Hd Tki Thiiy Dwang^ TOM TAT Bdi viit se ldm[.]
TAP CHi KHOA HOC - BAI HQC BONG NAI, SO 05 - 2017 ISSN 2354-1482 DOI MCfl PHT/ONG PHAP GIANG DAY LY LUAN CHINH TRI CAC TRlTonVG DAI HOC CUA VIET N A M HIEN NAY Hd Tki Thiiy Dwang^ TOM TAT Bdi viit se ldm ro nhirng ngi dung eua ly lugn chinh tri, su cdn thiii phdi gido due ly ludn chinh tii cho sinh viin tiong edc tiircmg dgi hgc Bdi viet ciing ldm id nhirng dgc trung cda cdc mon ly lugn chlnh iri vd nhirng vdn de cd tinh nguyin tdc tiong gidng dgy ly ludn chinh tii Dieu ndy chi phoi viec lya chgn phuang phdp gidng dgy phit hgp Trin ca s& do, bdi viet dua mot sd luu y, dinh hu&ng sic dyng mgt sd phuangphdp chinh tiong gidng dgy cdc mdn ly ludn chinh tii & tru&ng dgi hgc dd la phuang phdp thuyit tiinh kit hgp v&i chtrng minh bdng thyc tien, phuangphdp trao doi, thdo ludn nhdm vd phuang phdp dgy hgc tinh hudng Tu khoa: Phuangphdp gidng dgy, ly ludn chinh tii, tru&ng dgi hgc vyc ciia ddi sdng xa hdi, Hch sii Dang Cdng sdn Viet Nara, xay dyng Dang, nhiing kinh nghiem cdng ciing nhu that bai cua cac nude frong qua trinh xay dyng va phat tridn dat nudc Ci nudc ta Dang ta khang dinh chii nghTa Mac - Ld nin, tu tudng Hd Chi Minh la kim chi nam hdnh dgng cua Dang, la nen tdng tu tudng ly Iuan cita Dang ta Bdt ky mdt giai cdp nao nam quydn deu phdi lam cho he tix tudng cua giai cap dd thdng hi frong xa hdi Viec lam cho chit nghTa Mac Lenin, tu tudng Hd Chi Minh gift vai frd chu dao frong ddi sdng tinh thdn cua xa hdi la ydu cau va quy ludt tat ydu ciia viec xay dyng chu nghTa xa hgi d nudc ta Qua trinh ddi hdi vai frd quan frgng cua cdng tac giao due ly luan chinh tri Trong do, viec giang day cdc mdn ly luan chinh tri cac tmdng dai hgc ludn dugc coi frgng bdi le sinh vien, tdng ldp nien tinh tiiy nhdt eiia xa hdi, nhiing chu the tich eye cua qua trinh xay dyng chii nghia xa hdi d Mddau Yeu td tinh thdn khdng cd sue manh vat chat true tiep nhirag thara nhdp sdu vao quan chiing va frd y thuc cua quan chimg thi nd lai cd tdc ddng vat chdt raanh me cd thd cai tao xa hdi, cai tao thd gidi Vi vdy viec giao due ly ludn chmh tri cho cdn bg, ddng vidn va nhdn ddn ludn la radt nhidm vy frgng tara frong qua trinh xay dung chu nghia xa hdi, bdi le nhu Hd Chi Minh timg khdng djnh: "Mudn xdy dung chu nghTa xa hdi thi trude het phdi cd nhftng ngudi xa hdi chii nghTa" Con ngudi xa hdi chu nghTa Id ngudi tham nhudn sau sac tu tudng xa hdi chu nghTa, tmdc hdt la chil nghTa Mdc - Lenin, tu tudng Hd Chi Minh Ngi dung Ly luan chinh tri d nuoc ta hien thyc chdt cd ndi dung rat rpng dd la he thdng quan diem cua chu nghTa Mac Lenin, tu tiidng Hd Chi Minh, dudng ldi, chinh sach ciia Ddng fren cac ITnh 'Hoc vien Chinh tri Khu vyc tV Email: haduonghcma@gmail com , TAPCHi KHOA HOC - BAI HOC B N G NAI, SO 05 - 2017 nudc ta la ddi tugng ddu tidn cdn phai thdm sau nhftng vdn dl Iy luan chinh tri Cac mdn ly ludn chinh fri dugc giang day d cae tmdng dai hgc hien bao gdm: Nhiing nguydn Iy co ban cua Chu nghia Mac - Lenin, Tu tiidng Hd Chi Minh, Dudng loi each raang cua Ddng Cgng san Viet Nam De xae dinh ro nhitng phuang phdp cd thd va ndn van dyng frong qua trinh giang day ly ludn chinh fri, chiing ta cdn nam dugc nhiing dac tnmg cua cdc mon Iy ludn chinh tri va nhiing vdn dd cd tinh nguyen tac frong gidng day ly ludn chinh fri Dieu ndy chi phdi ddn viec lua chgn phuang phap gidng day phu hgp Ly ludn Id he thdng nhiing tti thuc da dugc khai quat, tao mdt quan nidm hoan chinh vd cdc quy ludt vd ve mdi Hdn he co ban ciia hien thyc Ly ludn la sy phan anh va tai hien hien thyc khdch quan Chinh tri la toan bg nhung hoat dpng cd lien quan ddn mdi quan he gifta cac giai cap, gifta cdc ddn tpc, cdc tdng Idp xa hdi, ma cdt ldi ciia no Id vdn de gidnh chinh quyen, tti va su dung quydn lyc nha nudc, sy tham gia vdo cdng viec cita nha nudc, sy xac dinh hinh thuc td chiic, nhidm vu, ndi dung boat dgng cita nhd nudc Ly ludn chinh trj la he thdng nhung tri thuc vd cac quy luat CO ban nit tii thuc tidn ddi sdng chinh tri Cd thd ndi, ly ludn tiiudng cd tinh khai quat hoa, tivu tirgng hoa rdt cao, ddi vdi Iy ludn chinh tii thi Iai cang nhu vdy vi ddi sdng chinh tti, thyc tidn chinh fri rdt rgng vd phuc tap Hoat dgng chinh tri la thi hien trinh cao ISSN 2354-1482 ttong su phat frien ciia ngudi, khdng phdi tft thud ban ddu thoat thai khdi gidi ddng vat, ngudi da biet lam chinh fri, tham gia vao cac hoat ddng chinh tri - xa hdi Ngugc lai, phdi den mdt trinh dp nhat djnh frong sy phat trien cua lodi ngudi radi xuat hien ddi sdng chinh fri va hoat ddng chinh tri Vi vay dac tnmg chung cua cdc mdn ly luan chinh trj la rat trim tugng, khd hieu Dd sinh vien cd thd hieu sdu sdc nhttng npi dung Iy Iuan ehinh tri thi ddi hdi ragt van de co tinh nguyen tac la frong qua trinh gidng day Iy luan chinh tti ludn phai gan vdi thuc tien Giao due chinh tri ma chi cd ly ludn sudng, khdng gan vdi thuc tien khac gi tim hidu ve mdt cdi cdy ma chi cho ngudi ta biet phdn ngpn thdi Han nfta, Iy luan dugc khdi quat hoa tir thyc tidn cho nen neu khdng dem nhung tti thuc chinh tri ttd ve vdi thyc tien thi no se mdt di tinh de hieu, tinh thuydt phuc ddi vdi ngudi hgc Mat khac, quan chiing ludn cd nhu cau van dung nhitng tti thftc chinh tri da hgc vao thuc tidn hoat ddng cita hg de nang cao hieu qua cdng viec Vi vdy, gido due ly ludn chinh tri phai gan vdi thyc tien Va each thdng minh nhdt la de cho qudn chiing hpc tir frong thue tien thdng qua nhitng boat ddng cu thd ciia ban than bdi "chi co ddu franh mdi gido due dugc giai cdp bi boc lot, chi cd ddu ttanh mdi lam cho hp danh gid dugc Iyc lugng cua hg, md rdng tdm mat Clia hp, nang cao nang lyc ciia hg, soi sang tri tud cua hg vd tdi luyen y chi ciia hg" [I, tt 396] Do mdi la each TAP CHI KHOA HQC - BAI HQC BONG NAI, SO 05 - 2017 gido dye toan dien nhdt, giao dye ly ludn chinh tri thdng qua thyc tidn chinh tti khdng nhiing ndng cao dugc fri thuc chinh tri ma cdn bdi dudng ky nang thyc hanh chinh tri, ren luyen y ehi vd bdn ITnh ehinh fri ciia ngudi hgc Do theo V.L Lenin, viee hge thudc long nhiing khdu hidu, nhiing ket Iuan khoa hgc raa khdng biet ap dung vdo cdng viec cita rainh la vide lam vd nghTa Khdng danh gia cao ldi hgc vet, V.L Lenin ydu cau ngudi hgc phdi biet "bien ehu nghia cgng sdn tii nhftng cdng thirc, nhung ldi day, nhiing phuang phap, nhiing chi thi, nhftng cuong ITnh ed san va hgc thudc ldng thdnh cdi thye te sinh dpng Id cai kdt hgp vdi edng tac true tidp cua cac ddng ehi" [2, fr 365] V.I Ldnin da dua tieu chi de danh gia chdt lugng hpc tap ehinh tri khdng phai d ehd nam dugc nhung tri thuc gi ma quan frgng la anh da van dyng dugc nhftng tri thuc gi vao cdng viec cy thd hang cua minh Vdn dd dat Id lam dd tri thuc chinh tri vao ddu qudn chimg khdng phdi la radt rad hd ldn ma cd su gan kdt vdi vd dfic biet la co the dem tri thuc dy vdo ly gidi nhitng sy kidn thyc tl, cy the raa hg dang gap phdi? Dieu sau Ho Chi Minh ciing nhdn manh hgc chit nghTa Mdc - Lenin khdng phdi Id hgc thuge long C.Mac ndi gi, V.I Lenin ndi gi raa la nam duge tinh thdn, cdt ldi cua hgc thuyet vd cd thd van dung vao hoan canh cy the cita Viet Nam Dd lara dugc dieu thi doi hoi ngudi hgc khdng dugc tidp thu fri thuc ragt cdch ISSN 2354-1482 don gidn, raa phdi cd tu phe phdn tidp thu tri thftc, phdi nghien ngdm rat ky nhiing dilu da hgc ttong y thftc cua Chi cd nhu thd thi ngudi hgc mdi khdng bi ddng, le thudc vao tri thirc nfta rad ttai lai cd the "ldm chii" tri thftc, bien bien nd thdnh cai cua minh, Nhu vay, V.L Lenin dac bidt de cao tu ddc lap, sang tao, cd sy phe phdn, biet Idt ngugc van de frong hgc tap ly luan chinh tri Ong khdng thich d ngudi hgc su chdp nhdn xudi chieu, khdng thich lap lai mdt cdch tin tudng nhiing luan diem cd sfin Nhu vdy vdn de cd tinh nguydn tdc frong gidng day ly luan ehinh tri la phdi ludn gfin vdi thyc tien dd giup ngudi hgc hidu nhitng van de ly luan dd cung nhu bidt each van dyng Iy luan vao thyc tidn Dieu ndy ddi hdi frong phuang phap gidng day cac mdn ly luan chinh trj cdn phai ehii y sir dung mdt sd phuong phdp sau day: Thie nhdt, phuangphdp thuyit tiinh cd kit hgp v&i chieng minh, minh hga bdng thyc tiin Theo cac phdn chia ve muc tieu gidng day mdt bdi hpc bdt ky cua Bloom thi cac cac cap nhu biet, nhd, hieu, phdn tich, danh gia, van dyng, sdng tao Vi vdy dd giiip cho sinh vien biet, nhd va hieu duge nhftng vdn de ly ludn chinh tri thi khdng the khdng su dung phuang phdp thuydt frinh Giang day bdt ky radn hgc nao cung khdng the khdng sft dyng phuong phap thuyet trinh, ddi vdi cac mdn ly luan chinh tri thi lai cang phai su dung thuylt trinh Bdi le de sinh vien bidt va hidu duge TAP CHi KHOA HOC - BAI HQC BONG NAI, SO 05 - 2017 nhiing van de ly Iuan thi giang vien phai phdn tich, giai tiiich, diln giai cho sinh vien thdng qua tiiuylt trinh Tuy nhien, dd phuong phap thuylt ttinh hieu qua thi gidng vien sau gidi thich mdt ngi dung ly luan chlnh trj nao cung phai dua nhiing vi dy, ddn chirng thuc tidn chinh tri de rainh hga, chftng minh Thyc tidn chinh tti dd cd thd la nhiing van dd lich su da qua tu ldu nhung cung cd the la thyc tidn chinh tri ndng hdi, mang tinh thdi dai hien Thyc tiln chinh tri dd de cd tinh hieu qud cao phai la nhftng van de phd bien md sinh vidn da bidt Vi du nhu giang day vd quy ludt quan he san xudt phil hgp vdi trinh dp ciia lyc lugng san xuat, Idra rd cac khai niem lyc lugng san xudt, quan he sdn xuat, giang vien ed the dua boat ddng raay quan do, chi nhung ydu td cua lyc lugng sdn xudt, quan he sdn xudt ttong hoat ddng may qudn Id gi, cd the dua nhiing hinh dnh true quan sinh ddng vd boat dpng may quan dd qua do, giiip sinh vidn nfim dugc nhiing vdn de Iy luan rdt trim tugng mdt each de dang Hoac lam ro tdc ddng ciia quan he sdn xudt doi vdi lyc lugng san xuat theo hai chilu hudng tich eye hoac tieu cue nd phii hgp hoac khdng phii hgp, gidng vien cd thd ldy vi du vd quan he san xudt tiidi ky tmdc ddi mdi cua Viet Nam eung nhu quan he sdn xudt dac tiimg hien cua thdi ky ddi mdi, tham chi cd thi su dung cdc thudc phim vl sdn xudt cua thdi ky tiiidc ddi radi va ddi mdi de sinh vien cd thd thay dugc ISSN 2354-1482 tac ddng hai chidu cua quan he san xudt den luc Iugng sdn xudt ndy Hoac gidng day vl trinh cua luc lugng san xuat quyet dinh quan he sdn xudt gidng vidn cd thd dua vdn dl vd tap tmng, tich tu mdng ddt hien nhu la radt ddi hdi tat yen ciia sy phdt tridn lyc lugng sdn xudt Thdng qua thuydt trinh cd ket hgp vdi vide phdn tich thyc tidn de rainh chung, lara rd nhitng van de Iy ludn da neu, sinh vien se biet va hieu rdt sdu sac nhung vdn de ly ludn dd Thie hai, phuang phdp thdo lugn, trao ddi nhdm DQ giitp sinh vien cd ky nfing phdn tich, danh gia thi giang vien sau giup sinh vien nara dugc nhung van de ly luan dd, bidt van dung nhftng van de ly lu£in dd dd xem xet, danh gia, phdn tieh nhftng sy kien, thuc tien cy the Mudn vdy, ben canh phuong phdp thuydt trinh, gidng vien phai tao dieu kien, co hdi cho sinh vidn dugc ndi, dugc bdy td va the hidn quan diem, chinh kien eua minh bang nhidu hinh thuc khac nhau, frong dd cd su dung phuong phap thdo ludn, trao ddi nhom Bdi Id thdo ludn nhdm, tdt cd cdc sinh vien frong nhdm se cd dip de bdy td quan diem cita hg ve mdt vdn dd nao Vi vay van dung nhftng vdn de 1^ luan vdo ddnh gid thyc tidn, gidng vien nen sft dyng phuang phap thdo luan nhdm Vi du sau gidng day xong vd ndi dung ciia lien minh cdng ndng - fri thuc frong Iiiih vuc kinh te, chinh fri, van hda theo quan diem ciia chit nghTa Mac - Lenin, gidng day 103 TAP CHI KHOA HQC - BAI HQC BONG NAI, SO 05 - 2017 vd van dd Hen minh d Viet Nam hien nay, giang vien ed the su dung phuong phdp thdo luan nhdm de su dung nhftng vdn de ly luan da hge vao ddnh gia vd viec thyc hidn lidn minh d Viet Nara hidn Khi do, mgi sinh vien frong nhdm deu cd co hdi dua nhiing phan tich, ddnh gid thyc tidn ciia hg, tu di den dugc nhftng ddnh gia day du nhat, diing dan nhdt Thii- ba, phucmg phdp gidng dgy tinh huong Trong giang day ly ludn chinh tri, rayc tidu quan frgng nhat hudng tdi la ngudi hgc cd khd nang van dyng radt each sang tao nhftng van de ly ludn dd vdo gidi quydt nhiing van de thyc tidn eu the frong cudc sdng va cdng vide Dd dat myc tidu nay, giang vien nen sft dung phuong phap day hgc tinh hudng, dua nhitng tinh hudng thyc tidn cy the dd sinh vien van dyng cac kien thftc da hgc vao gidi quyet van de dang dat Trong qua trinh tim phuong an gidi quylt cac tinh hudng dd, sinh vien vfta cimg cd kien thuc iy ludn da hgc, vua ndng cao ky nfing van dyng ly ludn vao thuc tien cua hg Vi du sau gidng day xong bdi gidng ve quan diem phdt trien, gidng vien ed the dua mgt tinh hudng cy thd frong ddi sdng hang ngdy nhu mpt ngudl ban nhieu nam khdng gap, tmdc day la mpt ngudi rdt tdt, gap Iai hdi vay tien thi ban cd cho vay tien hay khdng? Sinh vien cd the van dung quan diem phat trien de lua chpn phuang an cho vay hoac khdng cho vay Hoac giang vien ed the dua van de ve ISSN 2354-1482 cd nen gift an tugng ban dau ve mdt ngudi nao frong danh gia ve hg hay khdng, de sinh vidn van dyng quan diera phat tiidn vao tra Idi cac tinh hudng Ngoai de phat huy tinh chu ddng, sang tao, bgc Id quan didra, suy nghT Clia sinh vien, nhat la d nhftng ngi dung lien quan den nhitng vdn de thyc tien, vide van dung nhung nguyen ly, quy ludt, quan diem ly ludn ciia Mac, Angghen, V.L Lenin, Hd Chi Minh vdo thuc tidn Viet Nam, gidng vidn cd the su dung phuang phap chuyen gia NghTa la frong qud trinh giang, cd mdt phdn ngi dung nao dd, gidng vien se radi sinh vien cd kien thftc, nang luc len trinh bay vd van de dd cho cd Idp Sau dd, gidng vien ed thd bd sung nhung vdn de lien quan den ndi dung nham lam phong phii, day du ban vdn de De cd thd trinh bay dugc nhiing ngi dung dd, sinh vien phai cd sy chudn bi chu ddo, khdng chi nam vung rad cdn hieu sau sac, cd khd nang phdn tich, danh gia Nhu vdy muc tidu cua vide day hgc se dat dugc Hon nua, dieu ndy lam thay ddi khdng ldp hgc Khi nghe chinh ngudi ban cua minh trinh bay, nhttng sinh vidn khac co thd ciing se hao hling, tap tnmg nghe vi to md khdng bilt ban minh nam van de den dau, nhu the ndo Kdt luan Dd nang cao hieu qud gidng day cdc mdn ly ludn chinh tri, doi hdi chiing ta phai doi mdi phuong phdp, su dyng kdt TAP CHi KHOA HQC - BAI HOC BONG NAI, SO 05 - 2017 hgp nhieu phuong phdp khac nham thuc hien myc tieu day hge theo nhidu cap khdc Hon nfta, giao due Viet Nara hien dang chuydn tft tidp cdn kidn thuc sang tilp cdn nang luc, vd ban chat yeu cdu Clia viec hgc tap ly luan chinh tri la bidt vdn dyng nhftng vdn de ly ludn dd vdo thyc tidn cudc sdng vd cdng vide thi vide sft dyng nhieu phuong phdp day ISSN 2354-1482 hgc ben canh phuong phap thuyet trinh la mdt ddi hdi tdt yen Ngudi gidng vien phai nara ro rauc tidu, ndi dung cua timg phdn gidng cung nhu ddi tugng sinh vien de cd the lya chgn nhiing phuong phdp phii hgp va hidu qud nhdt Ci day, bai viet chi dua mdt sd phuong phdp co bdn, edt ydu nen sft dung nham dat nhirng mue tidu day hgc eu the TAX LIEU THAM KHAO V.I Ldnm (1995), V.I Lenin todn tap, tap 30, Nhd xudt ban Chinh tii qudc gia, Ha Ndi V.L Lenin (1995), V.I Lenin todn tap, tap 41, Nha xudt bdn Chinh tri qudc gia, Ha Ndi INNOVATION IN TEACHING POLITICAL THEORY TO STUDENTS AT VIETNAMESE UNIVERSITIES ABSTRACT The article will clarify the content of political theory, the need for political theory education for students in the universities The article also clarifies the characteristics of political theory subjects and issues of principles in teaching political theory This governs the choice of teaching methods On this basis, the article gives some note, direction in using several methods in the subjects of political theory at the university which is the method of presentation combined with proven by real practices, methods of exchange, discussions in group and teaching method in case Keywords: Teaching method, political theory, university (Received: 10/01/2017, Revised: 18/05/2017, Accepted for pubhcation: 24/07/2017) ... loi each raang cua Ddng Cgng san Viet Nam De xae dinh ro nhitng phuang phdp cd thd va ndn van dyng frong qua trinh giang day ly ludn chinh fri, chiing ta cdn nam dugc nhiing dac tnmg cua cdc mon... thuge long C.Mac ndi gi, V.I Lenin ndi gi raa la nam duge tinh thdn, cdt ldi cua hgc thuyet vd cd thd van dung vao hoan canh cy the cita Viet Nam Dd lara dugc dieu thi doi hoi ngudi hgc khdng... Lenin, gidng day 103 TAP CHI KHOA HQC - BAI HQC BONG NAI, SO 05 - 2017 vd van dd Hen minh d Viet Nam hien nay, giang vien ed the su dung phuong phdp thdo luan nhdm de su dung nhftng vdn de ly luan