NGHIEN CUU & UNG DUNG III SUDUNG HE THONG BAI TAP TRAC NGHIEM KHACH QUAN TRONG PHAN MON CHINH TA LdP 3 Hodng Thl Thity Htfimg Trudng BHSPHd Npi 2 SUMMARRY Spelling has an important position in the pro[.]
NGHIEN CUU & UNG DUNG III SUDUNG HE THONG BAI TAP TRAC NGHIEM KHACH QUAN TRONG PHAN MON CHINH TA LdP Hodng Thl Thity Htfimg Trudng BHSPHd Npi SUMMARRY Spelling has an important position in the program structure of Vietnamese subject in primary schools Teaching spelled correctly must be respected even for primary students and understood as training, implementing the standards of written language, creating a bagagefor them In spelling subject, besides the tradition excercises, there also appeared several objective multiple choice tests Objective tests helps students to develop the ability of thinking and responsiveness, test more contents ar^ evaluate students In this topic, we will learn andresearch both theorical and practical to build a system of multiples choice tests in spelling subject class "hinge " Grade 3, Primary level Tu" khda: Bai tgp trdc nghiem, khdch quan, phdn mon chinh td Ngdy nb$n bdi: 21/4/2014, ngdy duygt ddng 25/4/2014 Dat nude ta dang thyc hifn chiln luge d6i mdi can ban, toan dien giao due va dao tao, dap imgyeucducdngnghifphda, hien dai hda dilu kien kinh te thj trudng djnh hudng xa hdi chu nghTa va hpi nhap quoc tl Trong vifc doi mdi, ngudi la khau dot pha, cd tinh quyet djnh DT nhien khdng djnh vai trd cua giao due la rat quan trpng cho sy phat trien cua tuong lai nhSn loai Dgc biet la giao due Tieu hpc- cap hgc nln tang- noi uom mam va nuoi dudng nhihig tai nang, chu nhan tucmg lai ctta Hgc van Tap vilt, Chinh ta Tap dgc, Luyfn tir va cau, Tap lam van, Kl chuyf n.Trong do, phan mdn Chinh ta la mgt phan mdn giup hgc sinh hinh nang lyc thdi quen viet chfnh ta, noi rgng han la nang lye thdi quen viet dung tieng viet.Vi vay phan mon Chinh ta cd vi tri rat quan trgng co cdu chuang trinh mon Tieng vift d nha trudng thdng, nhat la nha trudng Tieu hpe Vifc day vilt dung chinh ta phai dugc eoi trgng doi vdi hpc sinh Tieu hgc d cac lap va dugc hilu nhu ren luyfn viec thyc hifn chuan myc cua ngon ngu vilt, tao hanh trang ngon ngtt cho cac em Phan mon chinh ta giup cac em nam duge eac quy tde chinh ta va hinh kT nang kT xao ehinh ta Phan mon Chinh ta cd nhiem vu chu yeu la ren eho hgc sinh ndm cac quy tdc va lyc c6 nhan each toan dien de dap ttng dugc nhu thdi quen viet dung chi'nh ta Vi thg tir dau Tilu hpc tre da can phai hpc phan mdn Chinh ta cau ciia xa hpi cdp Tieu hpc cung vdi cac mdn hgc khae, mgt each khoa hgc dl ed the stt dyng cong cu ni6n Tilng Viet la mdn hgc quan trgng chiem suot cugc ddi Qh hpc tot hon phan mdn Chfnh ta, giao nhieu thdi lugng va nd co tinh tich hgp cao Mon Tieng Viet d Tieu hgc cd nhifm vu hinh vien phai hudng din hgc sinh hgc tap dl cac em n3ng lyc ngdn ngtt cho hpc sinh the hifn d bdn hieu va tiep thu bai tot han Dong thdi cung phai kT nSng: nghe, ndi, dgc, viet Mon Tieng Viet eo nhihig cau hdi, bai tap de giup cae em cung c6n la CO sd de eac em hgc nhung mdn hgc khae c6 va nang cao kien thttc hon Gid hpc chinh ta Mon n l n g Vift dTieu hgc gdm bay phan mon la phdn Idn dugc xay dyng tir cac bai tap ddt nude D6 se la diem dat dau tign cho qua trinh phat trien va kit ndi nhihig cap hpe khae cap Tilu hgc, cac em cd hieu biet cd nln kiln thttc vttng chac thi sau cac em mdi cd da phfit triln Ttt dd nhdm dao tao ngudn nhan TAP CHi THifTBIGlAO DMC-S6 105-5/2014 • 13 NGHIEN CUU & [TNG DUNG Trong phan mdn Chinh ta ben canh nhiing vilt, nhd lai bai da thudc vg viet chfnh ta (nhd bai tap mang tinh truyln thdng thi xudt hien viet) Cac dgng bai tap chfnh ta Am - van: Diln nhieu dang bai tap trae nghif m.Trac nghiem giup vao cho trdng; Tim tiir cd dge diem chfnh ta va co hgc sinh phat huy kha nang tu duy, tfnh nhay ben y nghTa nhdt dinh (hoac tun tu cd dgc digm chinh ddng thdi kiem tra dugc nhieu ngi dung, danh ta thugc kilu ttt loai/ kieu cau tao tu nhat dinh); Phan bift each viet chinh ta cac chfl"; Giai cau gia dugc hgc sinh O lop 3, cac em thugc giai doan dau ciia cdp dl tim ttt chtta hien tugng chinh ta can hgc; Riit Tieu hpc, vay cdn phai chuan bi day du kign quy tdc chfnh ta ttt bai tap chinh ta da lam; thttc CO sd de hgc sinh hpc tdt giai doan cuoi Tap phat hien va chua loi chfnh ta Thue trang nh$n thirc cua giao vien ve cua cap Tieu hgc va lam nen tang cho cac cap hpc sau Tren thyc tl da cd rat nhilu ngudi trac nghiem khach quan danh thdi gian dl xay dyng he thdng bai tap trac Ket qua dieu tra 60 giao vign tieu hgc nhan nghiem cho nhieu mdn hgc khae, nhung chua thttc vl trdc nghifm khach quan dugc chiing toi cd di sau vao nghien cuu bai tap trac nghiem trinh bay bang thdng ke dudi day (Bang I) phan mdn Chinh ta Ti le giao vien hilu dung ve trdc nghifm khach quan rat eao (78,33%) nhien van cdn Trac nghiem khach quan Theo ttt dien Tieng Viet: "trac" cd nghTa la 21,67% GV lung tung hilu chua dung hoac ludng, "nghiem" cd nghTa la suy xet, chung chua day du the nao la TNKQ Mudn van dung thue Trdc nghifm theo Tilng Anh la "thtt", TNKQ vao day hgc thi ngoai vifc hieu the nao "phep thtt", "sat hach".Theo A Petropxi (1970) la TNKQ, GV cdn ndm rd dac diem cua logi cau cho rang: "Trac nghiem la bai tap lam thdi hdi nay, tir d6 ma lua chgn, van dung vao gian ngan ma vifc thyc hifn bai tap nhd cd day hgc su danh gia ve s6 lugng, chdt lugng cd thg eoi Thue tr^ng su dung cac cdng cu kiem la dau hifu cua su hoan thien mgt sd chuc nang tra, danh gia day hgc phan mdn Chinh ta tam li" Vdi myc dich tham dd thyc trang stt dyng Theo tac gia Phd Dtte Hda va mdt sd nha cac cong cu, hinh thurc kilm tra danh gia nghien cihi khoa hgc khae thi trac nghiem dupe dgy hgc phan mdn Chfnh ta, chung tdi da tien chia hai loai: trac nghiem khach quan va hanh digu tra va thu dugc ket qua nhu sau (Bilu trae nghiem tu luan Trong bai chung toi d5 1) dimg lai d viec nghien cun ve trac nghiem khach TCr bieu dd ta thay rdng hien cac hinh quan thttc kigm tra danh gia dupe GV van dung kha Trae nghiem khach quan (TNKQ) la phuang phong phu Hinh thttc chiem uu the nhdt va dugc phap ma ngudi ta dung nhung bai tap ngdn cd giao vien su dyng thudng xuyen vin la van dap kem theo cau hdi de thyc hien cac muc dich xae dinh Bdng Thifc trgng nhgn thirc cua gido vien vi Trac nghiem khach quan co nhung loai sau: trdc nghigm khdch quan Trdc nghiem dung- sai; trac nghiem nhieu lua Kit qui chgn; trdc nghiem dien khuylt; trdc nghiem TT Mirc d$ nh^n thirc Ti 1$ % SS pliieu ghep ddi Chuong trinh Chinh ta lop Chuong trinh Chfnh ta lop 3: Mgt tuan c6 tiet chfnh ta Hinh thirc chfnh ta: tap chep, nghe14 • TAP CHi THIETBIGIAO Dgc-sd 105-5/2014 Dung 47 78.33 Chira ding 13 21,67 T6ng 60 100 NGHIEN CUU & UNG DUNG Bieu dd I Muc dp sir dyng cdc hinh thirc kiem tra ddnh gid dgy hgc phdn mdn Chinh td (85%) va trac nghifm tu lugn (75%), cd 65% thinh thoang mdi stt dung hinh thttc TNKQ Qua dilu tra kit hgp trao doi vdi GV chung tdi duge biet phan Idn cac GV deu khdng phu nhan hifu qua ma cae bai tap TNKQ dem igi song GV lai ngai stt dyng cac bai tap vi vifc chuan bi, chgn lya bai tgp mdt nhieu thdi gian Sau dieu tra thye trang vife su dung hf thong bai tap trdc nghifm khach quan phan mdn Chinh ta, ehttng tdi xin dua mgt so kit lu|in sau: 1/ Ve nhgn thttc, giao vign Tilu hgc bude dau e6 nhan thue dung vl ban chat cua TNKQ 2/ Vl vifc stt dyng, hinh thttc kiem tra danh gia bdng trdc nghifm khach quan phan mdn Chfnh ta chua dugc stt dung thudng xuygn nhu cac hinh thirc kilm tra khae vi vife xay dyng, ehuan hi, lua chgn bai tap mdt nhilu thdi gian Quy trinh xay dyng cau hdi trdc nghifm khach quan De cd dugc nhihig cau trdc nghiem dam bao ludng tot eac myc tigu da xae dinh Qua trinh xay dyng he thdng bai tap TNKQ dugc tiln hanh theo cac bude eo ban sau: Bude 1: Xac dinh myc tieu, ngi dung day hgc Bude 2: xac djnh myc tieu can ludng va danh gia Bude 3: Xay dyng ke hogch trdc nghifm Bude 4; Xay dyng ngi dung cau hdi trac nghifm Bude 5: Xay dyng dap an Bude 6: Kilm tra lai eau trdc nghifm Bude 7: Hoan cau trdc nghifm Ket lu^n Trong day hgc hifn nay, cac bai tap trdc nghiem khach quan dang dugc su dyng cang rgng rai; tu" dd ta cd thl thdy dugc uu vift cua hinh thitc Tuy nhign vifc lya chgn va ap dung cac bai tap TNKQ vao day hgc van khdng tranh khdi nhung hgn chg Qua qua trinh tim hieu va nghien eiju chung tdi cd mgt so -y kien sau: + Can boi dudng va nang cao nang luc cho giao vien ve doi mdi phucmg phap dgy hge, dac biet la vifc stt dyng hinh thttc TNKQ vao day hgc cac mdn d Tieu hpc + Nha trudng can tang cudng eac bifn phap khuyen khieh vifc tim tdi, phat hifn sang tao cua giao vien thdng qua vifc bien soan cac bai tgp TNKQ phyc vy cho vifc day hge Chung tdi mong rdng de tai se dem lai cho dgc gia ndi chung, cung nhu cac thay cd giao ndi rieng mpt cai nhin toan difn hon ve TNKQ Qua dd thay dugc tac dgng tfch eye eua nd tdi qua trinh day hgc de ttt dd nang cao hifu qua cua vifc stt dung bai tap TNKQ vao day hge khdng ehi phan mdn Chinh ta Idp ma cdn d phan mdn khae Tai lifu tham khao Vu Thi Phucmg Anh Hoang Thj Tuylt (2006), Ddnh gid kit qud hgc tap a Tieu hpc, NXB Giao due Le Phuang Nga - Dang Kim Nga (2002), Phirong phdp dgy hpc Tieng viet a Tieu hpc, NXB Dai hgc Su pham Tran Thi Tuyet Oanh (2007), Ddnh gid vd ludng kit qud hpc tap d Tieu hpc, NXB Dgi hgc Su pham Ha Ngi Nguyen Minh Thuyet (chu bign), Tilng Vift (SGK), NXB Giao dye TAP CHi THI^BIGlAOOgC-5(5 105-5/2014 • 15 ... I) phan mdn Chinh ta Ti le giao vien hilu dung ve trdc nghifm khach quan rat eao (78 ,33 %) nhien van cdn Trac nghiem khach quan Theo ttt dien Tieng Viet: "trac" cd nghTa la 21,67% GV lung tung... lop Chuong trinh Chfnh ta lop 3: Mgt tuan c6 tiet chfnh ta Hinh thirc chfnh ta: tap chep, nghe14 • TAP CHi THIETBIGIAO Dgc-sd 105-5/2014 Dung 47 78 .33 Chira ding 13 21,67 T6ng 60 100 NGHIEN CUU... khach quan va hanh digu tra va thu dugc ket qua nhu sau (Bilu trae nghiem tu luan Trong bai chung toi d5 1) dimg lai d viec nghien cun ve trac nghiem khach TCr bieu dd ta thay rdng hien cac hinh quan