THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU
Ned Xuan Hoang Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 79(03): 51 -58 THUC TRANG LAO D Q N G VA VIEC LAM TRONG CAC H Q NONG DAN HUYEN PHU LUONG TINH THAI NGUYEN Ngd Xuan Hoang Trudng Cao ddng Kinh ti; -Ky thudl DH Thdi Ngu TOM TAT Huyen Phu Luong cd 66.132 lao ddng, dd lao dong ndng thdn cd khoang hon 56.635 ngudi chiem 85,64% luc lugng lao dong huyen 95% lao ddng ndng thdn la lao ddng phd thdng, khdng cd trinh chuyen mdn ky thuat He sd su- dung thdi gian lao ddng ndng hd thap, nam 2009 la 74,7% Ty suat sii' dung lao ddng ctia cac ho ndng dan cac xa dieu tra dao ddng tu 72,51 din 82,34% Gia trj lao ddng va thu nhap thap, phan Idn khdng cd tich luy dd la nguyen nhan ca ban dan den tinh trang ddi ngheo d khu vuc ndng thdnfronghuyen Trong nhirng nam gan day, Huyen dafrienkhai nhieu chu truong, chinh sach de giai quyet viec lam cho ngudi lao ddng ndng hd va budc dau da cd chuyen bien tich cue, song chua co ban De giai quyet viec lam cho lao ddng ndng ho, thdi gian tdi huyen can tap trung giai quyet cac van de sau: chuyen dich co cau cay trdng hop ly va tang dien tich gieo trdng; phat trien chan nudi; phat trien cac nganh nghe phi ndng nghiep; ciing cd va xay dung co sd tang; dn dinh dat dai; tang cudng dau "tu vdn; tang cudng khoa hoc ky thuat; Dao tao nghe cho lao dong ndng thdn va day manh xuat khau lao ddng, dua lao ddng dia ban ngoai huyen Tir khda: Thuc trgng, lao dong, viec ldm hg nong ddn, Phii Luang DAT VAN DE Trong nhung nam qua, san xuat ndng nghiep huyen Phu Luong da dan di vao 6n djnh va phat trien voi nhjp dp cang nhanh San xuat n6ng nghiep a nhieu dja phuong huyen da bat dau chuyen sang huong s«n xuat hang hoa, mo binh kinh te VAC kinh te trang trai phat trien ban het cac xa huyen Xuat hien nhieu gia dinh co quy m6 chan iui6i lan: bang ngan ga, hang chuc Ign theo phuong phap c6ng nghiep mang lai thu nhap cao Chan nuoi ca theo phuong phap tham canh vai cac giong co nang suat cao, chat lugng t6t va chan nu6i cac loai dac san da dan dan thay the tha ca theo kieu quang canh Co- can nganh n6ng nghiep chuyen djch theo huang ty trgng chan nu6i va dich vu n6ng nghiep cang tang, ty trgng nganh tr6ng trgi giam tirong ung Tuy nhien voi t6c do thj boa va c6ng nghiep h6a cao, van de lao dgng viec lam cac n6ng h6 can dtrgc tiep tuc xem xet va giai quyet, bai viet: "Thuc trgng lao dgng vd viec Idm cdc hg ndng ddn huyen Phu Luong tinh Thdi Nguyen" chung toi muon de cap toi van de lao ' Tel; 0912.140.868 dgng viec lam cac hg n6ng dan huyen Phu Luong va de xuat mot s6 giai phap kha tbi nham dap irng nhu cau viec lam cda lao dgng n6ng hg tren dja ban nhQng nam truac mat va lau dai PHUONG P H A P NGHIEN CUU VA HE THONG CHI TIEU * Phirang phdp nghlin cim: De tien hanh nghien cuu chdng t6i dii chgn 240 h6 nong dan de dieu tra Cac pbiro-ng phap chuyen gia, chuyen khao, dieu tra nhanh n6ng th6n, phan tich djnh lugng th6ng ke kinh te da dugc su dung de thu thap, phan tich th6ng tin, so lieu qua trinh nghien cuu S6 lieu dugc kiem tra chinh ly va phan anh bang th6ng ke, d6 thj thong ke bang tinb Exel * Hi thdng chi tiiu nghiin ciiv; Trong qua trinh nghien cuu chdng t6i da su dung cac chi tieu: Co cau lao dgng theo triph van h6a trinh chuyen m6n; Co cau lao dgng theo nganh nghe; S6 lao dgng binh quan/lao dgng/nam; Thu nhap binh quan/hg/nam; Thu nhap binh quan/lao d6ng/nam; Thu nhap binh quan/lao dgng/ngay; Thu nhap binh quan/ lao d6ng phan theo nganh nghe; Ty suat su dimg thai gian lao dgng 51 79(03): 51 -58 Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE Ngd Xuan Hoang KET QUA NGHIEN CUU v A T H A O L U A N Thuc trang lao dong va viec lam cac ho nong dan a Sd luang vd chdt lugng lao dgng Sd luang lao ddng: Nhin chung s6 nhan khau duai tu6i lao dong chiem ti le cao hon s6 lupng tren dp tu6i lao dong nhu vay cho thav tiem nang ve lao dong tre c6n rat nhieu luc lupng lao dong tuong lai can phai dtigc trang bj kiln thdc ve san xuat de phuc vu cho nen n6ng nghiep Trong luc lugng lao dong c6 su can bang ve giai Voi dac diem cua san xuat n6ng nghiep lao dong nam thuang co sue kb6e va tri 6c ho-n lao dong nu vay sir can bang ve giai dp tu6i lao dgng can co su phan c6ng cho phu hpp voi sdc kh6e va trinh dp lao dong Phan c6ng c6ng viec cho lao dong nu lam c6ng viec nhe nhang va don gian hon lao dong nam Chat lugng lao ddng: Lao dong n6ng th6n cua cac xa Yen Trach, Dong Dat va V6 Tranh co nhting dac diem dugc the hien qua bang 02 S6 lao dgng a trinh dp van h6a t6t nghiep tieu hpc chiem ty le len tai 69.89% tuc la 130 nguai a xa Yen Trach, tilp theo xa Dong Dat co cau thip hon mpt chut d6 la 68,42%o thap nhat la xa V6 Tranh la 66,82% Nhu vay co rat nhieu lao dong vdng dieu tra cda ca xa diu CO trinh dp van hoa thap mdc t6t nghiep THPT va THCS la rit thip Qua so lieu tren cho thiy trinh dp van boa cda ca xa vung dilu tra co trinh dp van h6a thap chi phu hgp vai trinh dp lao dong gian don, kh6 co the tiep can khoa hpc ky thuat hien b Tinh hinh trang bi ddt dai cho ngudi lao ddng cdc hd ndng ddn Quy in6 ca ciu dit dai cac hp dieu tra cua xa dugc the hien qua dien tich cac loai cay trong vdng dieu tra dupe the hien qua bang 03 Bang so lieu cho thiy dien tich Ida vdng dieu tra xa deu c6 ty le dien tich tr6ng Ida lan nhat so voi cay tr6ng khac dien tich tr6ng cay san chiem ty- le nho nhat cay ng6 la san pham de lam thirc an chinh cho gia sdc nhung cung chi dat ty le 4,56, 4,22 va 5,69 tuong dng voi cac xa Yen Trach, Dong Dat va V6 Tranh Dien tich tr6ng che chiem mpt ti le kha cao dac biet xa Dong Dat va Vo Tranh c6 chat dat rat t6t de phat trien cay che Bang 01 Co' cau ve tudi cua lao ddng tai xa dieu tra VdTi ranh Ddng Dat VenTi rach Chi tieu Sd lugng (ngudi) Co- cau (%) Tong sd 260 100 Dudi tudi lao ddng 59 Trong tudi lao ddng Tren dd tudi lao ddng Co cau (%) So luong (ngu'di) 300 Co' cau (%) 100 309 100 22.69 63 21.00 61 19.74 180 69.23 205 68.33 221 71.52 21 8.08 10.67 27 8.74 Sd luong (ngudi) Ngii6n;Sd lieu dieu tra ndm 2009 Bang 02 Trinh van hda ciia lao ddng tai xa dieu tra Chi tieu Tdng Chua hgc het tieu hgc Tdt nghiep tieu hgc Tdt nghiep THCS Tdt nghiep THPT Ngudn; Sd lieu dieu Ira 2009 52 YenT rach Sd luong Co- cau (ngudi) (%) 186 100 14 7.53 130 69.89 18 9.68 24 12.90 Ddng Dat Sd lugng Co' cau (ngudi) (%) 209 100 17 8,13 143 68.42 19 9.09 30 14,35 V T ranh Sd luong Cc ciu (%) (ngudi) 211 100 19 9.00 141 66,82 18 8.53 33 15,64 Ngd Xuan Hoang Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 79(03): 51 -58 Bang 03 Trang bi dat trdng trot cho lao dgng tai xa dieu tra Chi tieu Yen Trach Sd luong Co'cau (%) (m-') 512.495 l.Tong dien tich 211.590 Dien tich trdng lua 23.346 Dien tich trdng cay ngd 4.440 Dien tich trdng cay san 123.687 Dien tich trdng cay che Dien tich trdng cac cay trdng 149.432 khac Dien tich BQ/hd 1.552 520,5 Dien tich BQ/L ddng Nguon; So lieu dieu tra 2009 • c Kit qua sir dung lao ddng cita cdc ngdnh hd ndng ddn Ddng Dat ^°'"?;"^ co'cau(%) s°'"?;"^ *^y'" (m-) (in-) 682.995 258.525 38.840 6.200 160.793 (%) 9.180 145.637 100 36.76 4.22 1.36 21.54 244.225 36.12 218.637 32.01 100 41.29 4.56 0.87 24,13 676.143 248.553 28.548 29.16 * Ngdnh trdng trgl: Thuc trang ve su dung lao d6ng va gia trj san xuat cda nganh tr6ng trot dugc the hien qua nhung cay tr6ng cu the nhu cay Ida, cay san, cay ng6, cay che, va mot s6 cay tr6ng khac De tinh dugc gia trj san xuat cua cac loai cay tr6ng tren c6ng lao dgng Vd Tranh 1.894 578,7 100 37.85 5.69 0.91 23.54 1.855 598,9 phai tinh toan dupe gia trj san xuat cua cay tr6ng va s6 lao dong dugc sir dung cho loai cay cua vung dieu tra cac xa dugc the hien qua bang s6 lieu 04 Qua bang s6 lieu ve ket qua nganh tr6ng trgt cua vdng dieu tra cho thay gia trj san xuat binh quan/lao dgng/nam 2009 cua cac loai cay chinh nhu sau: Bang 04 Ket qua sii di,ing lao ddng nganh trdng trot tai xa dieu tra Chi tieu Tong dien tich / Siin xudt Ilia Dien tich BQ/hd Lao ddng binh quan/hd Gia trj san xuat BQ/lao ddng Sdn xudt ngo Dien tich BQ/hd Lao ddng binh quan/hd Gia trj san xuat BQ/lao ddng Siin xudt sdn DVT m2 m2 m2 ngudi d ml ml ngudi d ml Dien tich BQ/hd Lao ddng binh quan/hd Gia tri san xuat BQ/lao ddng m2 ngudi "d Sdn xudt city khiic Dien tich BQ/hd Lao ddng binh quan/hd ml m2 ngudi Gia tri san xuat BQ'lao ddng Trdng rirng Tdng sd cdng lao ddng Tdng sd lao ddng Lao ddng binh quan/hd d cdng cdng ngudi Gia tri san xuat BQ'lao ddng d Yen Trach 512.495 211.059 3.518 1.597,58 23.346 389 1.956,78 Ddng Dat 676.143 248.553 3.551 1.607,02 28.548 408 1.762,21 Vd Tranh 682.995 258.525 3.693 1.514.80 38.840 555 1.845,35 4.440 9.180 6.100 IA 0.25 455,67 149.431 2.490.53 0,67 131 0,24 551,35 144.115 3.488,93 0,67 89 0,26 688,89 118.637 3.123.39 0,64 698,70 673,89 754,06 1.420 50 0.83 1.706 62 0.89 1.680 67 0.96 1.477.10 2.603.55 1.501.19 Ngudn; Sd lieu dieu tra 2009 53 79(03): 51 -58 Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE Nad Xuan Hoang Ca\ Ida xa D6ng Dat co gia tri cao nhat la 1.6'07.020d \ a thap n h i t la xa V6 Tranh la 1.514.800d Doi \ i ca\ ng6 xa Yen Trach lai dat gia trj binh quan tren mpt lao dong tren mpt nam cao nhat vai mdc 1.956.780d va xa Dong Dat dat gia trj thap nhat la 1.762.210d Ca\' sin xa V6 Tranh dat muc 688.890d va la muc cao nhat \ a xa Yen Trach chi dat muc 455.670d D6i \ a i cac cay tr6ng khac t6ng hgp gia tri cda cac lapi cay tr6ng khac cho tha\ gia trj dat o' mdc rat thap nhu o' xa Dong Dat cbi dat 673.890d \-a xa Vo Tranh dat gia trj cao nhat la 754.OOOd N h u vay tr6ng trpt van can phai du_\ tri viec tr6ng Ida va ket hop \ a i \ i e c xen canh g6i vu vai cac cay tr6ng khac d a c b i e t la cav ng6 vi cav' cho gia trj kinh te cao Dien tich ng6 xen canh g6i vu moi chi sir dung het khoang 12% cua dien tich tr6ng Ida nguai dan nen thav the cac ca\ khac bang cay ng6 thi se thu dtrgc nhieu gia trj kinh te hon D6i voi nganh rirng theo ket qua cua vung dieu tra nam 2009 thi xa Dgng Dat co gia trj san xuat binh quan/lao dgng/nam 2008 cao nhat la 2.603.550d va thap nhat la xa Yen Trach la 1.477.100d * Ngdnh chdn nuoi Qua k i t qua d i l u tra cua cac hp dieu tra xa cho t b l \ gia trj san xuat binh quan /lao dong /nam 2009 n h u bang - Chan nuoi trau b6 dat gia trj san xuat cao nhat nhu xa Yen Trach co vdng chan tha rpng lan nen thuan Igi cho viec phat trien chan nu6i loai dai gia sdc cu the da dat 9.1 11.1 lOd Xa V tranh la xa dat gia trj san x u i t t h i p n h i t la 7.644.440d - Chan nu6i lgn: Xa Yen trach c6 gia tri san xuit 4.711.760d va dat mdc cao nhat .xa Dong Dat cbi CO 3.763.93d va m u c thap nhat - Chan nuoi ga: Xa V Tranh chi dat 1.922.510d, n h u n g xa Yen trach dat ket qua san xuat binh quan cao len toi 2.4449.280d - Chan nu6i cac loai gia cam khac: Xa Yen Trach dat m d c cao nhat la 555.OOOd xa Vo Tranh dat mdc thap nhat la 201.360d va Vo Tranh la 358.750d - Nuoi tr6ng thuy san: Xa V Tranh la 527.500d tren lao dong tren nam 2007 xa Yen Trach la 407.3 lOd va xa D o n g Dat la 480.670d Bang 05 Ket qua su dung lao ddng nganh chan nudi tai xa dieu tra Chi tieu Chan nudi trau, bd Tdng sd Lao ddng binh quan hd Gia tri san xuat BQ lao ddng Gia tri san xuat BQ ho Chan nudi Ion Tdng sd Lao dong binh quan hd Gia tri san xuat BQ lao ddng Gia trj san xuat BQ hd Chan nudi ga Tdng sd Lao ddng binh quanhd Gia tri san xuat Gia tri san xuat BQ lao ddng Gia tri san xuat BQ hd Chan nudi gia cam khac Tdng sd Lao ddng binh quan hd Gia trj san xuat BQ lao ddng Gia trj san xuat BQ'hd Nuoi trdng thu> san Lao ddng binh quan hd Gia tri san xuat BQ lao ddng Gia tri san xuat BQ'hd Nguon; So lieu dieu tra 2009 54 DVT Yen Trach Ddng Dat Vd Tranh Ngudi 82 1.20 9.111.11 10.933.33 95 • 1.21 8.941.18 10.857.14 1.29 7.644,44 9.828,57 ngudi ^d d 180 1.70 4.711.76 8.010.00 164 1,74 3.763,93 7.653,33 185 1.83 4.046.88 7.400.00 ngudi I OOOd 1.722 I 142.058 2.449.28 2.367.63 1.843 I 152.034 2.171.91 2.171.91 1.701 I 140.343 1.922,51 2.004,90 ngudi 173 0,25 555,00 138.75 149 0.29 358,75 102.50 92 0.31 201.36 63,29 nguoi d 0.65 407.31 264,75 0.83 480.67 398.27 0.80 527,50 422,00 Nad Xuan Hoang Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE d Tmh hinh sir dung thdi gian lao ddng ciia ndng hd He so su dung thai gian lao dgng cua n6ng hg n6ng th6n moi chi dat 74,7% (nam 2009) Ca hoi viec lam dja ban huyen chua thuc sir dap dng dugc nhu cau cda lao dgng vung Ty suat su dung lao dgng vdng dieu tra cda xa dao dgng tu 72.51 den 82,34% Trong xa Dgng Dat co ty xuat su dung lao dgng cao nhat va ty suat lao dgng chua dugc su dung la 17.66% xa Yen trach c6n du thua la 27,49% va xa Vo Tranh c6n du thira la 24,68% Ket qua mot so chuong trinh giai quyet viec lam cho lao dong ciia nong ho a Chuong trinh dgy nghi ngdn hgn Dugc su chi dao cua So Lao dgng TBXH va Ban chi dao xuat khau lao dgng huyen trung tam Day nghe trung tam Gioi thieu viec lam cua huyen da trien khai dugc mot s6 chuong trinh Dac biet ve dao tao nghe nam 2007 moi chi CO 900 nguai nhung den nam 2009 da len tai 1.505 nguai, ban nua nam 2009 trung tam da ket hgp voi truang Dai hgc Nong lam Thai Nguyen ma lop dao tao ve quan ly kinh te hg gia dinh cho 194 can bg cap xa va n6ng dan Ve xuat khau lao dgng nam qua trung tam da tu van giai thieu viec lam cho 212 lao dgng di xuat khau lao dgng cac nuac: Dai loan, Inonexia, Han Quoc co mdc luong binh quan khoang trieu d6ng/thang b Vi lin dung ndng thdn + Chuang trinh cho vay d6i vai hg ngheo: Theo th6ng ke thi toan huyen co 7.943 hg ngheo chiem ty le 3,5% so bg tren toan huyen, de day nhanh chirong trinh muc tieu xoa d6i giam ngheo tren dja ban huyen, nghj quyet Dang bg Hoi d6ng nhiin dan huyen Phu Luong da de in6i nam phan dau giam ty le hg ngheo xu6ng tu 2,5 den 3% + Chuong trinh cho vay hg san xuat kinh doanh vdng kb6 khan, dugc trien khai thuc hien niim 2007 NHCSXH huyen da trien khai cho va> thi diem xa: Phu D6 Tire Tranh Dong Dat -I- Chuong trinh tin dung cho vay d6i vai hp gia dinh san xuat kinh doanh kinh doanh 79(03): 51 -58 vdng kho khan, dtrgc thuc bien voi muc lai xuat thap hon ngan hang thuong mai thu tuc do'n gian doi tugng vay v6n rpng muc vay v6n hp san xuat 30 trieu d6ng tren hg kh6ng phai lam thu tuc the chap tai san phuong thirc cho vay theo t6 lap th6n ban th6ng qua cac t6 chuc boi + Thuc hien chinh sach dan tgc va t6n giao Dang, nha nuac da co chinh sach cho vay vdn ddi vdi hd ngheo ddng bdo ddn tdc Ihliii sd chirong trinh the hien sir quan tam cua Dang, nha nuoc d6i voi d6ng bao ngheo dan tpc thieu so dupe vay v6n de djnh canh djnh cu; 6n djnh cupc s6ng tQ-ng buac phat trien kinh te gia dinh, viran len thoat khoi ngheo doi cung hoa nhap voi cong d6ng -I- Chirang trinh cho vay giai quyet viec lam: Day la chirang trinh quoc gia nham muc dich giai quyet viec lam, giam ty' le that nghiep ,xa hoi Nam 2003, NHCS nhan ban giao 2.997 trieu dong ngu6n v6n quy qu6c gia giai quyet viec lam tu kho bac huyen chuyen sang NHCS huyen quan ly, voi 23 du an Sau nam boat dong NHCS huyen Phd Luong da ph6i hgp vai ph6ng Npi vu huyen, cac nganh chdc nang, doan the xii boi tham djnh giai quyet cho 116 du an ket qua tbirc hien Doanh so cho vay nam la 9.250 trieu d6ng doanh so thu ng nam la 1.312 trieu dong, du ng din 31/12/2007 la 4.601 trieu d6ng, bao g6m 116 du an, Mot so giai phap chii yeu nham giai quyet viec lam cho lao dong ciia nong hg huyen Phu Luo'ng a Giai phdp vi chuyin dich ca cdu cdy trdng hgp ly vd Idng diin tich gieo trdng Xa V6 Tranh va xa Dgng Dat la xa c6 nhilu d6i ndi vai d6c thoai thoai, ban nua chat dat day rat thich hgp vai cay che Trong cac loai cay da dugc phan tich phin thuc trang cho thay gia trj san xuat cua cay che la kha cao va su dung khong nhieu c6ng lao dgng tr6ng die c6 the dem lai gia trj san xuat trieu d6ng/c6ng lao dgng/nam cac cay tr6ng khac kb6ng co dugc Vdng tr6ng Ida nuac xa Dong Dat va Yen Trach c6 dja hinh bang phang nen su dung phuong phap luan canh, tr6ng xen canh goi 55 Nad Xuan Hoang Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE vu Khuyen khich cac h6 tr6ng rau sach vi thj truang hien nav rat khan hiem ngu6n rau sach va cd qua co gia trj dinh dirong cao Xa Yen Trach la xa vung cao co dja hinh phuc tap c6 nhieu ndi cao thich hpp cho rirng vua cb6ng xoi m6n vira dem lai hieu qua kinh te cao cu the nhu tr6ng cav Keo Ma, Bach dan Vung tr6ng Ida ntro-c c6 quy m6 manh mdn nen ddng phuong thdc don diln dii thua de thuan lgi cho viec canh tac se giam thieu dupe c6ng lao dong chuyen lao d6ng sang c6ng viec khac Nhung vung dat doi thoai ho-n nen tr6ng che co nang suat cao nhu che canh che Bat tien b Giai phdp vi phdt triin chdn nudi Cu the ve chan nu6i theo buong san xuat bang hoa nhu nu6i ga sach dac biet la gi6ng ga lai chpi hinh thuc nu6i nhu gi6ng ga truyen th6ng vua nhanh lan lai vira c6 gia trj su dung cao Nhu cau cua thj truong su dung san pham huang nac va san pham thjt lgn qua\ bang lgn sieu nac dang dugc thj truang ua chuong vay phat trien in6 hinh nuoi lgn sieu nac vai qu\ m6 lan tiep can hgc tap kinh nghiem mpt so trang trai nii6i loai sieu nac 0- huyen Pho Yen Voi dja binh va kb6ng gian rong va co nhieu d6i nui de chan tha nhir biiyen Phd Luong nen mo' nhung trang trai nu6i tha trau bo de lay thjt ben canh ma nhQng co- so che bien thjt x6 va thjt Igc cung cap cho thj truong va ngoai huyen se thu hut dugc mot s6 lao dong dtr tbira lao dong n6ng tb6n c Glal phdp ve phut Irlen cdc ngdnh nghi phi ndng nghiep Phat trien cac nganh nghe phi nong nghiep da dang h6a nganh nghe chuyen djch co- cau kinh te n6ng th6n theo huong giam ty trpng cua nganh n6ng nghiep tang nhanh t\- trpng cda nganh tieu thd c6ng nghiep djch vu va thuong mai la bien phap co ban lau dai de giai qu\et viec lam \a tang thu nhap cho nguoi lao d6ng n6ng th6n Phat trien nganh nghe nia\ tre dan de tao dieu kien cho nlulng lao dong c6 su kheo leo va sue khoe kem dac biet la lao dong nu kh6ng du dieu kien lam nhung \iec nang nhpc nhiing lao dong thuantz kh6ns co co- hoi de tim dugc viec lam 56 79(03): 51 -58 ngoai xa hoi hoac chi lam dugc nhung cong viec CO thu nhap thap d Giai phdp ve cung cd vd xdy dimg ca sa hgtdng Cdng c6 va phat triln ca sa tang la giai phap quan trpng de phat trien kinh te va giai quvit viec lam cho nguai lao dgng huyen Phii Luang Nhung kh6 khan ve ca sa ba tang nhu hien na\ da can tra rat lan den chuyen djch eg ciu san xuat den kha nang tu tao viec lam va tim kiem viec lam cda nguai lao dong huyen Muon phat trien nghe rung can phai lam mai lam kien co nhQ-ng duong de phuong tien van tai vao dupe tan vung khai thac e Giai phdp vi ddt dai Hien nay, dit canh tac cda huyen vira it, vira manh mdn lai vira chua dupe su dung hop ly Vi va\- huyen can phai c6 chinh sach khuyen khich nguai dan khai hoang phuc hoa dua dien tich dat chua su dung vao san xuat Khuyen khich va tao dieu kien thuan Igi de nguai dan tien hanh don dien d6i thda cho de co dien tich canh tac tren manh lan hon tao dieu kien thuan lgi cho viec ap dung tien bp khoa hpc ky thuat vao san xuat va phat trien san xuat hang hoa Nhung khu dat a ven qu6c 16 ven cac duang true chinh va khu trung tam nen quy hoach chuyen vao dat tho cu de phat trien nganh nghe va djch vu Can CO nhung chinh sach ve dat dai hpp ly nhu giai ph6ng mat bang h6 trp tien thue dat de khuyen khich cac nha dau tu vao san xuat tren dja ban nham tao nhieu viec lam cho lao dong huyen / Giai phdp vi vdn Nha nuac can ma rpng ban nQa cac chuong trinh cho vay v6n den tan tay nguai dan th6ng qua cac to chdc tin dung, cac ngan hang, cac t6 chuc doan the dja phuang nhu hoi phu nQ- hoi n6ng dan doan nien viec cho vav v6n phai xac djnh ddng d6i tugng dugc vay s6 lupng von va\ phai dam bao cho nguai di vav' c6 dd kha nang tai san xuat md rpng cac pbii-ong thdc thu h6i v6n phai phii hgp vai dac diem va chu ky cua san xuat nong nghiep Ben canh viec cho vay von cin lam tot c6ng tac khuyen n6ng, huong din va tu Ngd Xuan Hoang Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE van cho nguai dan each thdc dau tu va su dung von vay de viec dau tu mang lai hieu qua cao va phai giam sat viec su dung von vay th6ng qua cac t6 chdc doan the a dja phuong Tranh tinh trang su dung v6n vay kh6ng dung muc dich va kh6ng co kha nang hoan tra Ngoai c6 the cho nguai n6ng dan vay v6n bang hien vat th6ng qua boat dgng cda hpp tac xa djch vu nhu cac tir lieu san xuat nong nghiep Nguoi lao dong truac het phai biet buy dong von tu ngu6n v6n tu c6 cua ban than, cua gia dinh va quan trpng la xac djnh dupe ke hoach su dung va phan b6 so v6n vay cho tung khau cua qua trinh san xuat cho hop ly va dem lai hieu qua dong von cao nhat g Giai phdp vi khoa hgc ky' thudl D6i vai nguoi lao dgng n6ng nghiep can tap trung nang cao ky nang san xuat cua hg, tu khau chgn gi6ng, lam dat canh tac cham s6c va thu hoach De thuc hien tot dieu can tang cuong c6ng tac khuyen nong can trg gidp cho bg khau ky thuat quy trinh san xuat thir nghiem xay dung ni6 binh dien binh de chuyen giao khoa bgc ky thuat co hieu qua Dgng vien va khuyen khich cac hg san xuat gioi tham gia viio cong tac khuyen nong dc viec chuyen giao khoa hpc ky thuat dat ket qua cao va se de thuyet phuc hon 79(03): 51 -58 tupng la lao dgng thupc dien chinh sach nguoi c6 c6ng chinh sach xa h6i va ma rpng them d6i tupng la lao dong tre em, nong dan kh6ng c6n dat san xuat Thuc bien t6t chuong trinh dao tao nghe cho nong dan cua huven nham tao lire lirgng lao dgng co trinh de dap irng nhu cau phat trien kinh te - xa hoi T6 chuc ket noi tuyen sinh day nghe giua cac CO' SO' dao tao nghe truang nghe voi cac doanh nghiep phat trien m6 binh dao tao nghe theo dja cbi theo don dat hang / Glal phdp vi ddy mgnh xudl khdu lao ddng vd dua lao ddng ngodi dia bdn ldm vice Chinh quyen dja phuo-ng can hpp tac t6t vai cac CO quan chuc nang trdng viec tu van, dao tao ho trg de nguai lao d6ng dugc tham gia xuat khau dua xuat khau lao dgng giai phap hieu qua cong tac tao viec lam cho nguai lao dgng nong th6n tren dja ban huyen Ben canh c6ng tac xuat khau lao dgng niroc ngoai thi viec hop tac vai cac c6ng ty cac t6 chuc nuac de tim va giai quyet viec lam cho nguai lao dgng dja phuong cung la mot giai phap tot va co hieu qua cao KET LUAN /; Glal phdp vi ddo tgo nghi cho lao ddng ndngthdn Huyen Phd Luong c6 66.132 lao dgng, lao dgng n6ng tb6n co hon 56.635 nguoi chiem khoang 85.64% lire lugng lao dgng huv'en Khoang 95% lao d6ng nong thon la lao dgng pb6 th6ng kh6ng co trinh dp chuyen mon ky thuat He s6 su dung thai gian lao dong n6ng hp thap nam 2009 binh quan la 74.7% Ty suat su dung lao dong n6ng hp tai cac xa dieu tra dao d6ng tu 72.51 din 82.34% Trong xa Dong Dat c6 ty xuat su dung lao dong cao nhat va ty suat lao dong chua dugc su dung la 17.66%, xa Yen trach c6n du thira la 27,49% va xa V6 Tranh c6n du thua la 24,68% Gia trj lao dgng va thu nhap thap phan Ion kh6ng c6 tich luy la nguyen nhan ca ban dan den tinb trang doi ngheo a khu vuc n6ng th6n bien na> Hoan chinh quy hoach phat trien mang lu-6i dao tao nghe den nam 2020 Tiep tuc nang cap trung tam dav nghe cua huyen, du kien den niim 2010 huyen lap truang day nghe thugc tinh quan ly Tiep tuc thuc hien chinh sach ho tro- dao tao nghe cho cac d6i Trong nhung nam qua huyen da co nhieu chu truo-ng chinh sach de giai quyet viec lam cho nguai lao dong tao viec lam cho hang nghin nguai lao dong He s6 su dung thai gian lao dong n6ng hp tang len chiit lugng ngu6n lao d6ng buac dau co tien bo Doi voi lao dgng c6 tham gia boat dgng nganh nghe tieu thu cong nghiep can khuyen khich hg mo- rpng quy m6 dau tu theo chieu sau lira chgn ap dung c6ng nghe phd hgp voi mot so khau de co dieu kien nang cao nang suat, chat lugng san pham Th6ng qua cac to chuc doan the gioi thieu nhung nganh nghe moi phd hgp voi dja phuong de nguai dan ap diing vao san xuat nham giai quyet viec lam cho nguai lao dgng va tao dieu kien thuc day chuyen djch ca can kinh te n6ng thon 57 Ngd Xuan Hoang Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE tung buac dap dugc yeu cau cua thj truang lao dgng va ngoai tinh Van de giai qu}-et viec lam dugc trien khai buoc dau da c6 chuyen bien tich cue, song chua ca ban De giai quyet viec lam cho lao dgng n6ng hp thai gian tai huyen can tap trung giai quyet cac van de sau: chuyen djch CO cau cay tr6ng hpp ly va tang dien tich gieo tr6ng; phat trien chan nu6i; phat trien cac nganh nghe phi n6ng nghiep; cdng co va xay dung CO- sa tang; 6n djnh dat dai; tang cuong dau tu v6n; tang cuang khoa hpc ky thuat; Dao tao nghe cho lao d6ng n6ng th6n va day manh xuat khau lao dong va dua lao dong dja ban ngoai huyen TAI LIEU THAM KHAO [I] Phan ST Mln "Giai quyet viec lam d ndng thdn giai doan hien nay", Tgp chi Nghien ciru kinh te so 225 - 2/1997 79(03): 51 -58 [2] Phdng Thong ke huyen Phu Luang Nien gldm thdng ke huyen Phii Luang ndm 2007 -2009 [3] Vu Van Phuc (2005) "Gidi quyit viec ldm vd sir dung hop ly nguon nhdn lire lao dgng nong thon Viet Nam hien nay" Tap chi Kinh te chau A-Thai Binh Duong [4] Trung tam gidi thieu viec lam huyen Phu Luang tinh Thai Nguyen, Bdo cdo cuoi ndm 2005, 2006^2007 [5] Nguyen Qudc Tuan, Mot so gidi phdp tgo viec ldm cho lao dong nong thon xd Thgch Xd - Thgch Thdi - Hd Tdy DHKT&QTKD [6] Ta Dinh Tu (2007 ), Time trgng vd mot s6 giai phdp nhdm glal quyet viec ldm ndng cao thu nhap cho ngudi lao dgng xd Luang Son TP Thai Nguyen [7] Ngd Xuan Hoang (2009), "Glal phdp chit yen nhdm ddp irng nhu cdu viec ldm cua lao dong nong thon huyen Phii Luang - tinh Thdi Nguyen" Bao cao ket qua de tai NCKH cap Bd [8] UBND huyen Phu Luang (2007): Bdo cdo thue hien ke hoach KT-XH ndm 2007 SUMMARY THE CURRENT STATUS ON LABORS AND WORKING IN FARMER'S HOUSEHOLD OF PHU LUONG DICSTRICT, THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE Ngo Xuan Hoang College of Economic and Technology - TNU Phu Luong district has 66.132 employees, of which the rural labor force has more than 56,635 accounts for 85.64% of the workforce in the district About 95% of rural workers are unskilled workers, with no technical expertise Score labor time used in the household low as 74.7% in 2009 Ratio of the employers surveyed areas of the three communes ranged fi'om 72.51 to 82.34% Value and low-income workers, the majority does not accumulate the basic causes that lead to poverty in rural areas in the district In recent years many districts have policies to create jobs for workers, creating jobs for thousands of workers The issue of jobs initially deployed has changed, but not fundamental To create jobs for workers in the household, the district needs time to focus on the following issues: restructuring and reasonable increase crop sown area, livestock development, developing non-agricultural sectors, consolidate and build infrastructure, land stability, boost investment and enhance scientific and technical vocational training for rural workers and boost the export of labor and sending laborers into the area outside the district Keyword: The carrent status Labors, working, farmers, Phu Luong Dlcstrlct Tel; 0912140.868 58 ... san xuat BQ /lao ddng m2 ngudi "d Sdn xudt city khiic Dien tich BQ/hd Lao ddng binh quan/hd ml m2 ngudi Gia tri san xuat BQ 'lao ddng Trdng rirng Tdng sd cdng lao ddng Tdng sd lao ddng Lao ddng binh... cau ve tudi cua lao ddng tai xa dieu tra VdTi ranh Ddng Dat VenTi rach Chi tieu Sd lugng (ngudi) Co- cau (%) Tong sd 260 100 Dudi tudi lao ddng 59 Trong tudi lao ddng Tren dd tudi lao ddng Co cau... Thuc trang lao dong va viec lam cac ho nong dan a Sd luang vd chdt lugng lao dgng Sd luang lao ddng: Nhin chung s6 nhan khau duai tu6i lao dong chiem ti le cao hon s6 lupng tren dp tu6i lao dong
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