Thực trạng và một số giải pháp giải quyết việc làm cho thanh niên trong quá trình chuyển đổi mục đích sử dụng đất ở huyện phổ yên tỉnh thái nguyên

Phsim Vin Thp T9P chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGH$ 92(04): 45 - 49 THl/C TRANG VA M O T SO GIAI PHAP GIAI QUYET VIEC LAM CHO THANH NIEN TRONG QUA TRINH CHUYEN DOI MVC DICH SU* DUNG DAT & HUYfiN P H YEN - TINH THAI NGUYEN Pham V i n Thp' Vdn phdng Doan Dgi bieu Qudc hpi linh Thdi Nguy TOM TAT Cing vdi su phit triin ciia dit nudc, huy^n Pho Y6n, tinh Thii Nguyen nhihig nim gin diy qui trinh dd thi hoi vi cdng nghiep hoi diln vdi tdc dd rit nhanh Nhieu dien tich dat ndng nghi?p di bi thu hoi chuyin d6i myc dich sir dyng K6o theo dd li tinh Uang ngudi ndng dan, dd cd ddi tugng nien ndng thon bj mit vi|c lim Vin dl giii quylt vi6c lim cho nien nong thdn die bipt d nhihig nui thu h6i dit di trd thinh vin dl xi hpi ldn cin phii dupc quan tim giii quyet mpt cich thoi ding Tr6n ca sd dinh gii, phin tich thyc trang viec lim tic gii dua mpt so giii phip chu ylu khuyin nghj cic co quan quin ly dl giii quyet viec lim cho nien viing bj thu hdi dit d huy§n Ph6 Y6n, tinh Thii Nguyen Tir khda: Viic ldm; Thanh men ndng thdn; Thu hoi ddi, huy4n Phd Yin; Thdi Nguyin DAT VAN DE /iec lam cd vi tri hdt sdc quan trpng [ui trinh tdn t^i va phit trien ciia mdi ngudi, ldi gia dinh, ciing nhu phat trien kinh S - xa hdi cua mdi quoc gia Dac biet, doi vdi ic nudc dang phat trien nhu Viet Nam, noi d nguon lao ddng ddi dio v i chii ylu tap trung khu vuc ndng thdn thi vin dl giai quyet viec im cho ngudi lao dgng d diy da trd thinh mdi jan tam hang dau cua chi'nh phii hanh nien Ii rn^it lyc Iugng xa hdi to Idn dn dugc Ding, Nhi nudc, cac cip, cac ^inh dac bi?t quan tam Thanh nien chiem vi trung tam chiln luge phit triin nhan ngudi, Ii ngudn nhan luc quan trgng, ' tinh quylt dinh den tuong lai, van menh n tdc Thanh nien chiem ty Ie cao lg sd lao dgng x i hpi; la ngudn nhan luc cd nh dp va sue khde rdc ta dang qui trinh day manh cdng hiep hda va hl?n dai hda, timg budc hpi ap sau rpng vdi ndn kinh tl the gidi vdi IC tieu din nim 2020 se ca bin trd thinh dc cdng nghi?p theo hudng hi?n dai Vi , viec phat trien cic khu cdng nghiep, cum lg nghiep, cac khu che xuat va dd thj li tat I Tuy nhien, qua trinh dd thj hoa, xay lg mdi, md rpng cac khu cdng nghiep vi trinh hi^n d^i hoa ndng nghiep, ndng thdn da dan den sy thay ddi nhieu mat ddi song kinh te xa hpi ndng thdn Dac bi?t Ii tinh trang thilu viec lam cho lao ddng ndng thdn ndi chung va lao ddng nien ndng thdn ndi rieng dang cd xu hudng tang cao Vi vay, vin dl tao viec lim, tang thu nhap cho nien ndng thdn nhat la d nhiing vimg bi thu hdi dit dk chuyen sang muc dich phi ndng nghiep dang la van de buc xiic, la mdi quan tam, lo ling cua nien, gia dinh va toin xa hdi (5 nudc ta, cac dja phuong cd nhdng each lam khac cdng tac giai quyet viec lam cho lao ddng ndng thon d nhiJng viing hi thu hdi dat, nhung chd ylu tap trung vao giai phap nhu: Thyc hien chinh sach phit triin thi trudng lao ddng, phat trien day nghi gan vdi chien luge kinh te - xa hdi ciia tiing dia phucmg, Idng ghep chuang trinh day nghi vdi cic chuang trinh viec lam, chuong trinh xoi ddi giim ngheo va cac chuang trinh phat triin kinh te khac Xay dimg cic chinh sich hd trg, khuyen khich nang cao trinh dp van hoi, hpc van, tay nghe, tang cudng day nghe ngin han, phd cip nghi cho lao dgng nien d khu vuc ndng thdn viing chuyen ddi myc dich su dyng dat dl chuyin ddi co cau nganh nghe ndng nghiep sang cong nghiep vi dich vu cho phu hgp .[2] Ciing vdi su phit trien cua dit nudc, tinh Thii Nguyen ndi chung va huyen Phd Yen ndi rieng nhiing nam gin day, qua trinh thj hoi va cdng nghiep hoa dien vdi tdc dp rat I- 0912151407, Email: 45 Ph^m van Thp Tgp chi KHOA HQC & C N G N G H $ nhanh Nhieu di?n tich dat ndng nghiep di bj thu hdi, Keo theo li tinh Ir^ng ngudi ndng dan, dd cd doi tupng nien ndng thdn bj mit vifc lam Van de giii quyet vipc lim, ting thu nhgp cho nien ndng thdn die bipt d nhfrng nai thu hoi dil di trd thinh vin de xi hgi Idn can phii dugc quan tam giii quyet mpt cich thoi dang Xu;it phit tu vin dl tren, cluing tdi tien hinh phan tich thyc trgng vipc lim cua lao dpng nien ndng thdn huypn Pho Yen, tinh Thai Nguyen, cac nhan lo inh hu(img tdi vipc lam dc td dd dc xual cic giii phip chii yeu nhim ning cao hipu qui giii quylt vi^c lim cho nien ndng thdn viing bj thu hoi dat ciia huypn Trong qui trinh phat trien kinh te - xi hpi huyen Pho Yen da lien hinh chuyen doi myc dich sii dyng dat nham tao mit bing thu hiit cac dy an, khu cdng nghipp tinh den nay, Phd Yen da thu hiit dugc 65 dy in vio diu tu phit triin cdng nghipp, djch vy, dd thi, hg tang dd thj vdi tdng vdn dau tu li 55.000 ty ddng, dd da cd nhilu dy in hoin thinh cho sin phim mdi Tdc dp tang trudng kinh te GDP cua huyen dat 20,3%; thu nhgp GDP/ngudi/nim dat 26 tripu ddng; thu ngan sich dat 90 ty ddng; ca ciu kinh te dugc chuyen djch tich cyc theo hudng ting dan ty trpng cdng nghipp djch vy vi giim dan ty trpng ndng nghiep Neu nhu nim 2005, co cau kinh tl ctia huypn la ndng nghipp 64%i cdng nghipp 20% - djch vy 16% thi den nim 2011 da chuyen cdng nghipp 59% djch vy 23% - ndng nghipp 18% Vdi nhOng sd in tugng niy, Phd Yen xirng ding la tam diem thu hiit dau tu phia Nam cua tinh Viec xay dyng Pho Yen trd thinh thj xi cdng nghiep vira dip ung nhu cau nguypn vgng ciia nhan dan, vua md cic dieu kien thugn Igi dl dja phucmg phat trien kinh te - xi hgi Thyc hipn Nghj quyet Ding bp huypn nhipm ky 2010 - 2015 "Xay dung va phit trien Phd Yen thi xa cdng nghipp vao nam 2015", chi'nh quyln dia phuang dang tgp trung linh dgo, chi dao thyc hipn quy hogch xay dyng thi tran Ba Hing trd dd thj logi IV, quy hoach xay dyng thi xa Pho Yen, quy hogch 46 xay dyng Ndng thdn mdi X' ""ong 2011; hoin chinh quy hoa' ' ii tiet : cdng nghipp t§p trung, ct jug nghi( dipn tich gin nghin vi I to hgp khu nghipp, ndng nghipp, thj vi djch v^ Blnh vdi dipn tich 800 (trong dd I Pho Yen Ii 500 ha) Thyc trang vk nhii'ng nhan to anh h den vifc l i m cua nien viJng b hoi d i t Chuyen ddi myc dich sd dyng dit cua I: Pho Yen dang d^t cic vin de can dtrpi quyet mpt cich dong bg Ii: chinh sich d^ giii phdng m$t bing; ddi song, vipc lin ngudi din dac bipt li nien viing th dil; chuyen ddi nghe nghipp cho nhihig E din mat tu lipu sin xuat; van de tai djid sii dyng hpp ly dat d i thu hoi Dipn ticl hoi dat tinh den nim 2009 tren dja binH Pho Yen la 564,5 dd chii yeu I canh tic ndng nghipp; sd hpi gia dinh bj hudng bdi thu hoi dat la 4.339 hp gia dinI 16.401 khau, yong so dd 1/3 ii (5.506 ngudi) [3] Nhu vgy, van de vipc va Ihu nhgp ciia ngudi dan cd dat bi thu h van de ndng bdng tac dpng Idn den s^ trien ben vung cua huypn, d$c bipt la lupng Ihanh nien dang dp tuoi lao it Trong nhung ndm qua, huy^n da tgp H cho ddu tu- phdt trien ban hanh nhiiu c sdch, tgo ca che thugn /pi, nhdm thu hdi ngudn l\ic tir cdc phdn kinh ti da vdo phdt trien sdn xudt Cong tdc dgy ngA ddo tgo dir(rc 323 lao ddng vdi ca: iti nghe khdc nhau: Cdng tdc vay vdn gtac gidl quyit vi4c ldm dd gidi quyit cho va^ d\r dn, vdi tdng so ngudn vdn cho vay < ty ddng tgo du^fc 1.206 lao dgng co': lam mdi [5] ^ Tuy nhien, tinh trang vipc lam chua ben vi nhu cau viec lim va hgc nghe vin la \k dugc huypn d^c bipt quan tam Ben canh bp phgn lao dpng bi mit ^ iec lam bj hoi dat, dl ddi, giii toa, s6 'lanhnienl nghia vy quan sy ti ^^^ ^j^h, vien tnrdng cin tim V, .r.^^, [^.^ lupnj dpng tang h ^ g nam.,., cang • ^ j ^ ,^ lyc ve van de gia quyet vipc , ^ cua hu Phgm Vin Thp Tgp chl KHOA HQC & CONG NGH$ }na nghien cdu ta thiy, co cau nien ida cac nhdm tudi tuong ddi can bing 'uy nhidn, mac du trinh dg van hoi, chuyen ldn, tay nghi ciia lao d^ng Thanh nien ndng ^ldn d huyen Phd Yen nhdng nam gin day di ugc nang Ien nhimg nhin chung van chua ap dng dugc so vdi yeu ciu, nhit Ii lao dgng ;a qua dio tao cdn thap, s6 lao dpng chua qua !ao tgo chiem 45,88% tong so idn ciia huyen D6i vdi viing thu hoi dit, lyc trgng nien chua qua dio tgo chiim 0,79% Thanh nien d vimg thu hoi dat cd rinh van hda cdn thap chii ylu tdt nghipp ieu hpc v i trung hgc ca sd, chiem 77,20% rong tdng sd 5.506 ngudi vung thu hoi lit Diy li yeu to gay cin trd den cdng tac to hue viec lam, chuyin doi nghi nghipp, triin ;hai ip dyng cac tiln bp khoa hgc - kT thugt ien cgnh trlnh dg vin hoi, trinh dp chuyen ldn ky thuat qua nghien ciiru tai lipu vi dieu •a thyc te ve viec lim cua nien vimg lu hdi dat huyen Phd Yen cho thay, tinh ang thilu viec lim dugc xic djnh cdn "i^t sd nguyen nhan: dien tich dit canh tic 92(04): 45 - 49 bj thu hoi n8n khdng cd dat san xuat; thieu von; dg tuoi, gidi tinh Trong so cac nguyen nhan da xic djnh d tren thi thilu von diu tu cho cdng vipc va trinh dg hgc vin, chuyen mdn thip la quan trgng nhit Khd khdn gidi quyei vi^c lam clw ngudi ddn bj thu hoi dat vd dgc hi^l Id nien huy^n Pho Yen: - Ngudi dan chua kip chuin bj dl cd thi kilm dugc mpt cdng vipc mdi bj mit tu lipu sin xuit Lyc Iugng nien la lyc Iugng lao dgng chju anh hudng rat ldn td vipc gia dinh bj thu hdi dat, nang tim vipc lam mdi 6k dam bio thu nhgp rit khd khan Tinh trang thit nghipp tam thdi va that nghiep hoin toan trd ginh nang cho huypn Pho Yen - Lyc Iugng lao dgng nien viing thu hdi dit cd trinh dg vin hda thip, dd dl cd mdt nghe chic chan dap dng mgt vj tri lam viec cac doanh nghiep, phan Idn yeu cau phii cd trinh tu phd thdng trung hpc trd Ien Bang dieu tra trinh vin hoi, trlnh dO chuyen mdn ky thuat lao dong niSn ndng thdn viing thu hdi dat huyfn Phd YSn nim 2009 Dan vi Ngirdi Cbi tieu SS6 theo nhom luoi 16-20 21-25 26-30 theo Irinh vdn hod ma tot nghiep tieu h9C it nghiep ti£u hpc it nghiep THCS it nghiep THPT theo trinh dg chuyen mdn udt lira qua dao tao qua dao tao nghe ong duong ung hoc chuyen nghiep o dang, Dai hpc trd Ign Thanh nien n3ng thOn 27.546 Tile (%) Thanh ni£n vOng thu h6i dit 5.506 Tii« (%) 8.319 9.103 10.125 30,20 33,05 36,76 1800 1887 1819 32,69 34,27 33,04 67 10.442 10.088 6.949 0,24 37,91 36,62 25,23 10 2.196 2.054 1.246 0,18 39,88 37,31 22,63 12.639 45,88 898 70,79 3.586 13,02 1.084 19,69 10.946 375 39,74 1,36 506 19 9,18 0,34 Ngudn- Phong ihong ki huyen Pho Yen Pham van Thp Tgp chi KHOA HQC & C N G N G H $ - Ngudi dan cdn thy dgng, y Igi vio chinh sach hd trg ciia Nhi nudc, vio tien den bii; tam Iy chd nh&n uu dii ciia Nhi nudc van cdn ton tgi bien Hipu qui chfnh sich ho trg ngudi din lim vipc lim, hpc nghe ho{lc tham gia mgt khda dio tgo nghe dan giin khdng phit huy dugc hipu qui ndn doi tugng khd khin vipc tim dupc cdng vipc phii hgp cic khu cong nghipp, khu che Miai va cic doanh nghipp - Tinh trgng quy hogch treo ho$c chii dau tu nhgn dit nhung khdng trien khai ho?ic chgm triin khai dan den mat dat dai mi vipc lim khdng cd cho ngudi dan Day li mpt nhiJng nguyen nhan xiy nhdng phirc tgp xi hpi - ddi song ciia ngudi din kliu vyc thu hoi dat, van de niy dan den nhihig hp lyy xa hpi doi vdi lyc Iugng nien d dja phuang, nguy cd mat dn djnh xa hgi Giai phip tao vipc lam nien vung thu hoi dat tren dia ban huyen Pho Yen tinh Thai Nguyen Thd nhat, thyc hipn tot viec quy hoach vi cac ke hoach phat trien cac nganh Ndng Lam nghiep, kinh tl ndng thdn, phat trien cdng nghiep, thuang mai, djch vy theo tinh than Nghj quylt Dai hgi Dang bg huypn Phd Yen Ian thu XXVIII Xay dyng chinh sach de thu hiit dau tu, trg giiip cic doanh nghipp, cic dy in dl giai quyet vipc lim, nhit la cic doanh nghipp sd dung nhieu lao dpng [1], Thu hai, ting cudng hd trg, cho vay tiir cic ngudn vdn uu dai giiip ngudi dan, nien tien hanh sin xuat hogc chuyen djch co cau sin xuat vi phat trien cac hogt dpng phi ndng nghipp Huy dgng nguon vdn Quy quoc gia giii quyet vipc lam dl dim bao nguon cho vay chuyen ddi nganh nghe, giii quyet vipc lam cho lao dgng cic hp gia dinh thupc dipn thu hdi dat san xuat Chuyin doi nghe tu san xuit ndng nghipp sang cic nganh nghe nhu: Kinh doanh Djch vy, budn bin nhd le; Tieu thii cdng nghiep - xay dyng; Chan nudi theo md hinh kinh te hp Thu ba, xay dyng, phat trien mgng ludi cac don vj dio tao nghe va da dang hda cic logi hinh dao tgo nghi dl nien viing thu hoi dit cua huypn cd nhilu co hgi hgc tap ciing nhu nang cao trinh chuyen mdn Lap quy ho trg dio tgo nghe cho h , thyc xi hpi hda vipc huy dpng cic 4udn h cho qu5' Thyc hipn tot chinh sjcii dao tgc dudng gin vdi sd dyng, cd chinh sich I dyng nhin tii doi vdi nhat li lyc lupng t nien cd trinh dp chuyen mdn cao Thd tir, day mgnh chuyen djch ca ciu tc, CO cau nginh nghe, ting dan ty trpng < nghipp, tilu thii cdng nghipp vi djch vy H can diu tu ngu6n von thich hpp de day nl sy nghipp cong nghipp hda - hipn dgi hda Thd nam, quy hogch phit trien cic ling i li dgng lyc tryc tiep giii quyet vipc lim ngudi lao dpng viing thu hoi dit ciia hu Ben cgnh dd tgo mdi trudng thugn Igi cho hg tilu thu cdng nghipp phit trien thinh doanh nghipp tu nhan tgo the binh ding cic doanh nghipp thupc phan kin! khic Huypn can cd chinh sich tgo co khuyen khich thinh Igp cic hipp hpi i nghipp nhim hd trg san xuat kinh doai Thir sau, tich cyc trien khai de an "gidiqi vi4c ldm cho lao dgng ndng thon giai d 2010 -2020f' [4] va De an "hd trg chuyeti ngdnh nghe vd gidi quyet vi^c lam, on i ddi song ddi vdi lao dgng bj thu hdi dot xudt di d&i gidi toa tren dja bdn hu PhdYen"[5] Giai quyet vipc lam cho lao dgng r ndng thdn vimg thu hoi dat li mOt tr nhitng chinh sach quan trgng doi vdi moi phuang, la tien de ca ban de sd dyng cd I qua nguon lao dpng, gdp phan tich cyc vaoi phat trien kinh te va dim bao an sinh xa hpi TAI LI$U THAM KHAO [1] Dang bd huy^n Phd Yen (2010), Vdnki^ hgi Dgi biiu Ddng bg huy4n Phd Yen khda XX (Nhiimky 2010-2015) [2], Tgp chf Cdng sin s6 23 (143) nim 2007 [3], Phdng Thdng kfi huy^n Phd Yen (2009),? gidm thdng ki huy4n Phd Yen [4] Uy ban nhin din hu>cii Phd Ygn (2010), chi dgo gidi quyit vi4c ldm cho lao dong n thon giai dogn 2010 -202''' i.ygn Phd Yfin [5] U^ ban nhin din hi pj;^ ygn (200^ dn hd trg chuyin ddi , ,,g^ ^^ ^.^ ^ viic ldm dn dinh ddi song ^g, d'i lao dgng ^ hdi ddt sdn xudt, di ddi, j^ ''o fren dja /iwy^rt Phd Yin - giai dogn 2008 ^010 Phgm v a n Thp Tgp chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGH$ 92(04): 45 - 49 SUMMARY C U R R E N T S I T U A T I O N AIVD S O M E S O L U T I O N S T O C R E A T E J O B S FOR Y O U T H m T H E TRANSITION OF LAND USE PURPOSES IN P H O Y E N D I S T R I C T - T H A I N G U Y E N Pham Van Tho* The National Assembly Office delegation of Thai Nguyen province Along with the development of the country, Pho Yen disUict, Thai Nguyen province in recent years the process of urbanization and indusUialization took place with lightning speed Many agricultural land conversion has been revoked purposes Drag the condition that the farmers, including rural youth audience lose their jobs Employment issues for young people especially in rural areas where land acquisition has become the major social issues need to be considered satisfactorily resolved On the basis of assessment, situation analysis work the author gives some recommendations of major solutions to management agencies to address youth employment for the land recovered in Pho Yen district, Thai Nguyen province Keywords, job; young rural land recovery, Pho Yendistrict; Thai Nguyen dy rdy-dy nhdn:7/3/2012, Ngdy phdn biin: 24/4/2012 Ngdy duy4t ddng: 14/5/2012 si- Osl- el- 0912151407, Email: ... xual cic giii phip chii yeu nhim ning cao hipu qui giii quylt vi^c lim cho nien ndng thdn viing bj thu hoi dat ciia huypn Trong qui trinh phat trien kinh te - xi hpi huyen Pho Yen da lien hinh... s^ trien ben vung cua huypn, d$c bipt la lupng Ihanh nien dang dp tuoi lao it Trong nhung ndm qua, huy^n da tgp H cho ddu tu- phdt trien ban hanh nhiiu c sdch, tgo ca che thugn /pi, nhdm thu hdi... iti nghe khdc nhau: Cdng tdc vay vdn gtac gidl quyit vi4c ldm dd gidi quyit cho va^ d dn, vdi tdng so ngudn vdn cho vay < ty ddng tgo du^fc 1.206 lao dgng co': lam mdi [5] ^ Tuy nhien, tinh