Thực trạng và định hướng phát triển ngành nghề nông thôn tỉnh nam định

NGHIEN CL/U - TRAO DOI - NGHIEN CLfU - TRAO D(5l mhifi Ttfow vm Nm &fA/w Vu Hong Sam Chi CIIC tntdng Chi cjic phdt triln ndng thdn - Sd NN&PTNT T d xa xUa, Nam Ojnh ndl tidng i i fla phUdng cd nginh nghd ndng thdn (NNNT) phit trien dd cd nhidu iing nghi btiyin thdng die sdc Nhiiu sin pham ling nghi thd cdng cuaflaphUPng gin liin vdi minh dat, cnn ngUdi Sp phit triin NNNT tgi Nam Djnh d i gdp phdn khdng nhd vid qui ttinh thdc day phit triin nen kinh td - x i hOi ndng thdn Nam Djnh Trong nhdng nim qua nhat i i giai doan 20062011, cdng nghiip, tiiu thu cdng nghiip, nginh nghi ndng thdn (NNNT) tinh Nam Dinh phit Win da dang, phong phd Cic loai hinh NNNT d Nam Djnh gdm: Kim khi, miy tre dan, cdi, sdn mil - nda ghep, ehd bien IUdng thpc - thde pham, che bidn gd, dau tam td, det may, theu ren, sfl - lufl cUdc, sin xuat vit iiiu xiy dung, gay trdng ciy cinh, trgm khac da, chd biin nam, xiy dung, van tai ndi bp Nhieu nghe dupc khdi phuc nhu nghd det may, diu tam td Cac nghi phat tridn mgnh nhu may mac, mdc sdi, i i dan, nghi trdng v i c h i bien nam, giy trdng cay cinh Theo sd ligu bio cio td cac phdng Ndng nghiip va PTNT cic huyin: gii trj sin xudt cd tdc dO ting kbi eao dgttd 20-30% tdy tdng nganh nghi v i nim 2010 chidm 50,4% gia trj sin xuat cdng nghigp toin tlnh Toin tlnh hiin cd; 89 ling nghi, hdn 52.000 hp vdi 305 cd sd sin xudt NNNT thu hdt hdn 13.000 lao dOng, sin xuat NNNT, iing nghe d ndng thdn da cd ddng gdp quan trpng vio sp phit triin kinh td - xa hdl Tlnh NNNT Nam Djnh nhdng nam qua d i dat ddpc mdt sd kdt qui ding khich Ip Song, nhdng tdn tai ydu kim cdn nhiiu v i nhat l i ehUa dip dng so yeu cdu va tidm ning phit tridn NNNT Nam Djnh chd ydu phit tridn tg phit, chUa cd flnh hudng chidn iupc Cic chich sach hd trp td Tmng ddng tridn khai cdn chim, hiiu qui edn hgn chd Cic chlnh sich eda fla phUdng mdi ehl mang tdm sich lUpc, ehl ed tic dgng ngin hgn Sg quan t i m cda cic cdp dy Ding, Chlnh quyen, cic Nginh ddi vdi sp phit tridn cua NNNT chUa thUdng xuyin, liin tge vl viy NNNT tai Nam Olnh chua phit huy hit dim ning vdn cd Sd cich biit thu nhip, sg phin hoi giiu nghio gida hai khu vgc ndng thdn v i thinh thj ngiy cing rd rit, giy nin tlnh trgng fl din tg td ndng thdn thinh thj Hoat dOng cda NNNT thdi gian qua chUa tan dgng dupc tdi da eic ipi thd cda chlnh sich du dil td Trung UPng den Dja phUPng dinh cho Do viy de NNNT cd nhdng bUdc phit tridn mfl v i hgn che tdi da nhdng ydu kem can ed sp hd trp kip thdi cda cac cap, bd, nginh va nhdng djnh hddng dung dan sau; - Phat trien NNNT nham thdc day qui trinh chuyen djch cd cau kinh td, cd cau lao dpng, ning cao chat Idpng, trinh dp Iao dOng tao dpng ipc xoa dfl giim ngheo - Phit triin NNNT gin liin vdi die diem dieu kign nhiin, trlnh dp kinh te-xi hdi v i cP sd hg tang, day mgnh phat tridn iing nghe truyen thdng ddng thdi khuydn khich cac dja phUdng chu dOng Bm kiem du nhip nghi mdi Phit triin cic lang nghd phii dpa tren quan flem tgn dgng lao dOng ndng thdn v i thpc hiin phUdng c h i m " iy ndng bat iy hUdng", kit hdp ydu td truyin thdng vdi hiin dgl, kit hpp phit trien bdn hoi tuin vfl phat triin nit ngan nhay vpt v i sp kdt hpp cic loai trinh dO cdng nghg qui trinh CNH, HOH - Phit tridn phii theo hudng da dgng hoa hinh thde sd hdu vfl cic qui md sin xuat thich hdp, hinh thinh cic ddanh nghiip hat nhin d cic fla phUdng nham khai thic, sd dung higu qui t i i nguyin thien Thflng tin Khoa hgc Cong nghe Nam Dinh TS3/2012 - 15 NGHIEN Cl/U nhiin, ngudn nguyin Iiiu sin cd - Phit tridn NNNT phii duije dit trang mdi lidn kdt chit chi gida cic cgm edng nghiip ndng thdn vdl cic khu vgc edng nghiip tip trang cda tlnh, cdng nghiip dd thj vdi th| trUdng trang tlnh, vdng, trang nddc vi hudng tdi thi trddng nddc ngdii, kdt hpp hii hdi nhiiu md hinh, nhiiu iogi hinh td chdc vi sd hdu - Phit tridn NNNT cin ed dudi sd hd trp, quin ly eua Nhi nUdc Trong dd vai trd quin 1;^ cda eie nginh chdc ning, cic huyin, thinh phd hdt sdc quan trpng - Phit triin NNNT cin phii quan tim ddn vin dd xd ly d nhiim mdi tn/dng, cdi dd l i fliu klin tdt ydu liin quan ddn qui trlnh tdn tgi v i phit tridn bin vdng NNNT - Phit triin ling nghi phii gin vdi du ijch Di thpc hiin mdt cich ed hiig qga kd hogch cung nhu flnh hudng phit tridn NNNT ein phii ed eic giai phip phit trien ddng bd - Quy hdgch: Quy hogch phat triin NNNT i i het sdc can thiet va cap bich TnJde hdt l i phit tridn nginh nghi chd bidn ndng lim sin, thuj' hii sin, cdng nghiip dja phUdng, bdu thd cdng nghiip, ddng thdi phat triin cic hogt dOng djch vg, nhim tgn nhieu viic iim, ting thu nhip, thu hgp, nit ngin khoing cich gidu nghio, ning cao ddl sdng cua ngudi din d khu vpc ndng thdn, glim dan ty Upng ndng nghiip, ting dan ty trpng edng nghigp v i djch vg, chuydn djch cd cau lad dpng tgl fla phUdng, hgn chd viic fl din dd tim kidm viic iim, xiy dUng ndng thdn phit trien bin vdng, gdp phin thde hiin Cdng nghiip hoi- hiin dgi hoi nong nghiip ndng thdn, bid vi mdi trudng sinh thii, cinh quan ndng thdn vin minh hign dgl Ngoii ra, NNNT cdn thidt phii tri, phit triin vi ly vin hoi tmydn thdng, dd l i cic nginh nghd tgd cic sin pham gin liin vdi sp phit tridn cua din tOc - Giii phip vi ting cudng sp iinh dgo cda Oing vi quin iy Nhi nUdc; Tip trang sp chi dgc cda Oing, Chlnh quyin td Tlnh den ed sd nhim thde ddy sg phat tridn cua NNNT, xic flnh diy l i mdt nhdng 16 - TS3/2012 nhiim vp quan trpng gdp phin thpc hiin thinh cdng cic Nghj quydt vi phit triin ndng nghldp, ndng thdn cda Oing - Phit tridn ipc Iddng sin xudt v i xiy dpng, cdng cd quan hi sin xudt phd hpp vdi trinh dd cda lpc lupng sin xuit; Hi thdng cic trudng dgy nghi nim trcng fla bin bim sit nhu ciu cda eic Ling nghi dd cd k i hogch die tgo ngudn nhin lpc phpc vg vigc phit triin NNNT Kdt hpp gida dio tgo chlnh quy vi dio tgo tmyin nghd tgl cd sd, ling nghi, nhit i i nhdng nginh nghd vi fla phddng vdi ddi ngu Nghi nhin cd tay nghi cac Phit tridn kinh td hO vi ci thd, ling nghi: Khuydn khich cic hd ci tlid sin xuit ndng nghiip kdt hpp vdl tham gia sin xudt NNNT vda tin dgng lad ddng ddi dU, thdi vg ndng nhin dd ting thim thu nhip, cil thiin dfl sdng Ddl vfl cic Doanh nghiip nhd v i vda d ndng tlidn: Thpc biin chinh sich khgydn khich, tgo fliu klin ho trp eie bg, ed sd, td hpp thinh lip Doanh nghiip tU nhin, Cdng ty TNHH vi cic iogi hinh doanii nghiip hogt dpng theo Luit Doanh nghiip Khuyen khich cic hinh thdc liin doanh liin kit gida eic hp iim nghi vfl cic cd sd sin xuit nginh nghi, gida doanh nghiip td nhin vdl doanh nghiip nhi nude Ting cUdng lien kdt kiu gpi diu tu nudc ngdii vio Unh vpc NNNT - Thj dudng: Xuc ben thinh Igp cic Hlip hOi sin xudt NNNT, ed thd l i cho tdng nginh hoic nhdm nginh Hiip hOi cd vai trd ehd ydu viic giilp cic cd sd NNNT xdc tidn tliddng mgi, Hiip lidi giP phdn cdng cic cd quan chdc ning gidi quydt cic tranh chdp phit sinh klnh ddanh, binh ddpc hiin tupng canh tranh khdng linh mgnh gida cic cd sd cd cung nhdm sin phdm Hd trp cho eie hp, cd sd NNNT dupc tham gia cic hogt dOng: Tham quan hpc tip kinh nghiim quin ly NNNT i trang nddc, nddc ngoii; cung edp thdng bn vd thj tnfdng, hd trd bdng cich glim chi phi quing cio tidp thj cic sin phdm NNNT tgo ra; hd trp chi phi dfl vfl nhOng sin phdm tham gia Hpi chp d nddc ngoii Nghiin cdu v i tgd fliu kign md rOng thj tmdng lac ddng, tgd fldu klin binh ding vd did tgn, sd dgng lao dpng gida cic doanh nghigp Nhi nddc v i cic ed sd NNNT Thflng tin Khoa hgc C6ng ngh^ Nam Djnh NGHIEN CL/U - TRAO DOI * NGHIEN CL/U - TRAO DOI - V i vdn v i t i l chlnh; Nhu c i u ve vdn cho NNNT ky thugt, thp trang c i c cd sd, ling nghi Cd kd hogch den n i m 2020 rdt ldn O i cd du vdn cho phit triin dio tgo, bdi dUdng ning cao trinh dO chuyin mdn, NNNT cdn phit huy triit d i c i c ngudn: Vdn Chlnh nghiip vg chd lad dOng NNNT Bin cgnh viic bep sich cda d|a phudng, vdn ODA dd x i y ddng cd sd c i n edng nghi mdi c i n gid gin bin s i c d i n tOe, tang phgc vu phat trien ndng thdn Khuydn khich cdng nghg truyin thdng cua mpt sd s i n phdm dpc tu nhan va ngoai tlnh dau tU vdn phit trien san dio R i soit Igi dpi ngu c i n bd Quan 1^ Nhi nUdc, xuat Vdn dau tU nUdc ngoii: Cd the Liin doanh hoic c i c chd doanh nghiip, hpp t i c x i ; chpn ipc, dio tgo, 100% vdn nudc ngoii Sd dgng ngudn vdn vay Ngin bdi dudng ddi ngu ke c i n ed dd ning IUc dip Ung hing, c i c td chdc Qudc td Thanh lip Quy Hd tn) y i u c i u mdi Md ring eic logi hinh dio tao: tgi chd, phit triin NNNT v i Quy b i o lanh tin dgng nhim chia gdi theo cac Idp d i o tgo chung, dio tgo theo dja chi se rui ro vdi Ngan hing va cd the huy dpng tdi da Kinh phi dio tao kdt hpp gida Nhi nddc, cd sd, iing ngudn vdn nhin rdi d i n Tld|^ tge ddi mdi v i nghi cung ddng gdp day manh chlnh sach ve bn dgng - Giai phip v i Khoa hpc - cdng nghg v i vg sinh - Chat IUdng lao ddng: Td chdc thdc hign tot Chi mdi tn/dng: Ung dpng bdn bd khoa hpc ky thugt va thi so 16-CT/TU 24 thing n i m 2010 cua Tinh cdng nghe mdi vio s i n xuit nginh nghe, tao sin dy va De i n D i o tao nghi cho lao ddng ndng thdn phdm ed g i i tri cd chat IUdng eao phii hdp vdi thj tlnh Nam Dinh den nam 2020 UBND tinh giao eho hieu ngudi tieu dung v i ngoii nUdc Cdng t i c Sd Lao dong ThUdng binh va x i hOi ThUdng xuyen (Xem tiep trang 20) n i m vdng sd IUdng va chat iupng ddi ngu Khoa hpc Ling nghd Nam Djnh (Anh suu Idm Id Inhrnell Thflng tin Khoa hgc Cong ngh^ Nam D|nh TS3/2012 - 17 NGHlfeN COU - TRAO o6\ * NGHIEN CLfU - TRAO DOI nhgc phUdng Bic thd hiin ndi nhd qui hddng ndi sa mge xa xim DUdng thdi, vua Trin Og Tdng di eho phip v i khuydn khich cic vUdng hdu didn cic vd hit, chlnh vua duyit lai, ngUdi nio hit hay, pha trd khid diu dupc hiu thudng Cic hdgt ddng niy coi nhU hdl diin tdng kdt phong trio vin nghi vUdng triiu ddng td chdc dd phit triin van hoi.Diy edng li Idn ddu tiin cd td chdc hdi diin vin nghi cung flnh quy md tdin qudc Vi vin hpc, vua Trin Dg Tdng i i mOt tic gid vin hpc thdi Trdn Cic tic phdm cda Trin Dp Tdng nhd Hoing triiu dgi diin Hinh thu vi cic sing tic vin thd khic cda dng hiin ddu d i thdt Igc Trong Tdin Viit thi ipc cd mOt bii thd cda Trin Dg Tdng ii: "Dddng Thii Tdng dd bin tridu Thii Tdng' (cd sich chip l i Thd hdii); Bii thd td rd chi khi, idng kiiu hinh td hid cda Trdn Dg Tdng vd cic vUdng triiu cda nhi Trin Nhd viy, cd thi giai doan cufl ddi Trdn Dg TOng bd bi triig chlnh, in chfl tn,iy igc nhdng vdn khdng thd phd nhin nhdng cdng iao to Idn cda dng viic binh din trj qudc dudi triiu dgi di ddpc nhin din ta ghi nhd vi ITnh vpc vin hda, vin hpc nghi thuit thfl Trdn Nhdng ddng gdp cda dng gdp phin lim giiu cd thim nin vin hda, vin hpc nghi thuit Viit NamX THUC TRANG VA flINH HaONG PHAT TRIEN.-.OJ^P theo trang 17) khoa hpc ky thuit can tip trang nghiin edu, fliu tra khai thic eie tii nguyin khoing sin sdn cd d fla phddng, quy hogch vdng nguyin iiiu mdt cich khoa hpc cho sin xuat NNNT Uu tiin sd dung nguyin iiiu san cd cua fla phUPng Cii tge cae miy mdc ttiidt bj dang cd fl ddl vfl ning cap dang thidt bi mdi nhim sd dpng cd hiiu qui nhdt ngudn vdn ddu tU Cd chd dO dii ngd xdng ding vdi dOi ngd cin bd Khoa hpc ky thuit v i thp linh nghi di tgo mOI trddng thuin Ipi cho nhdng lao dOng hiin cd yin tim sin xudt gdn bd vdi ed sd NNNT vi cd tic dgng thu hdt chdt xim td ndi khie tdi - Ddu tu hg tdng cd sd: Phit bidn hi thdng glad thdng thu)), bp vi hg thdng cing, bdn bii, tgd fliu kign thugn ipi cho giao IUu hing hoi Phit triin gigo thdng ndng thdn nhdt i i tai khu vpc cd 20 - TS3/2012 NNNT phit tridn Cii tgo ning edp hi thdng flgn sdn sing phpc vp tdt nhdt yeu cdu sin xudt cda ling nghd, cd sd v i cic hO sin xudt NNNT Xiy dpng hi thdng cung cdp nddc sgch dip dng yiu cdu sd dgng nddc sdn xudt v i sinh hogt cda nhin din lim nghi Xiy dpng cic hi thdng xd ly nhiim tgi iing nghd nhd xd ly nhidm: khOng khi, tidng dn, ddt nude Td thpc Ugng v i nhdng giii phip ndi trin, di phit diin NNNT, BO NOng nghiip v i PTNT can hd trp dio tgo nghd hddng chuyin siu v i sp ting cddng chi dgo, gidp dd cda Tlnh dy, HDND, UBNO, ddng thdi tgo fldu kiin hd trp, ddu td kinh phi, thu hdt ddu td nddc ngoii, lim ddng lpc thuc dly NNNT phit tridn gdp phdn thdc day kinh tdxa hOi ndng thdn Nam Bjnh lin tdm eao mffiy Thflng tin Khoa hgc Cong ngh^ Nam Dinh ... tao nghi cho lao ddng ndng thdn phdm ed g i i tri cd chat IUdng eao phii hdp vdi thj tlnh Nam Dinh den nam 2020 UBND tinh giao eho hieu ngudi tieu dung v i ngoii nUdc Cdng t i c Sd Lao dong ThUdng... 20) n i m vdng sd IUdng va chat iupng ddi ngu Khoa hpc Ling nghd Nam Djnh (Anh suu Idm Id Inhrnell Thflng tin Khoa hgc Cong ngh^ Nam D|nh TS3/2012 - 17 NGHlfeN COU - TRAO o6 * NGHIEN CLfU - TRAO... thuc dly NNNT phit tridn gdp phdn thdc day kinh tdxa hOi ndng thdn Nam Bjnh lin tdm eao mffiy Thflng tin Khoa hgc Cong ngh^ Nam Dinh