các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến thái độ của nhân viên và xu hướng rời bỏ khi tổ chức có sự thay đỏi

Huvnh Thj Thu Tiianh & C o Hao Thi | 13 Cac yeu to anh huong den thai ciia nhan vien va xu hu'ong roi bo to chuc co su* thay doi Huynh Thj Thu Thanh Truong Dai hoc Bach khoa TP HCM httlhanh'«hcmuiedu thanhhuynh3()6(('gmail com Ngaynhjn Ngaynhanlai Ngay duyel dang Ma so 11/06/2013 12/08/2013 25/11/2013 06-I3-BA-07 Cao Hao Thi Trurnig Dai hoc Bach khoa TP HCM chihK/hcmiil edu Torn tat Thay doi Id yiu to tdt yen neu to chuc muon ton tgi vd phdt irien mot inrdng kinh doanh ndng dong ngdy Du&i dp luc ciia moi iruang ben vd hen ngodi nhir muc lieu cong n: mua hdn vd sdp nhdp hdnh vi doi thu chinh sdch kinh le v v to chirc dimg tnroc thdch thin: phai iho}ddi Tuy nhien, sir thay doi thuong khong gal hdi diroc ihdnh cdng nhir mong dai Mdi nliimg li Id to dure gap phdi sir chong doi cua nhdn vien \ghien ciru ndy nhdm muc dich ddnh gid cdc yeu Id anh hudng den thai chdp nhdn, thdi dd chdng ddi vd xu hudng rdi ho id cliirc ma nhdn vien co su Ihay doi xdy to chirc Kel qud nghien ciru cho thdy cam ket vdi id chirc vd niem lin cua nhdn vien cd tdc ddng tich cue len ihdi dd chdp nhdn sir thay ddi irong dd nlidn thirc sir thay ddi mdt dja vi Igi cd tdc ddng lieu cue Cam kel vdi td chirc niem lin cua nlidn vien vd cdng thdng Irong cong viec cd anh huang den thdi chdng ddi suthay ddt Ngodt nhdn vien cd thdi dp chdng ddt su ihay ddi thudng cd xu hu&ng rdi bd to chiic Md hinh idng the phdn lich theo PA TH cd dd phii liap Id 64.6% Tie khda: Cac yeu td tac ddng, tlia\' ddi td chirc, thai cua nhan \ i e n xu hudng rdi bo to chirc Abstract Today, organizational change is an inevitable factor as an organization wants lo survive and thrive m the world's dynamic business environment Under the pressure oj external and internal environments such as economic policies, behaviors of competitors, virions of companies, mergers acquisitions, etc every organization is forced lo change However, organizational change does not always bring expected results Jor all organizations The most common reason for the Jailure of organizational change is the employees' resistance lo change This study aims al evaluating factors thai affect acceptance, resistance and resignation among employees when organizatiimal change lakes place The results showed that employees' commitment lo and trust in organization have positive effects whereas perception of status Zfj.s.^ has negative effects on accei)Umce of organizational change On the other hand, commiiment and trust oJ employees with organization have negative effects whereas workplace stress has positive unpads on the resistance to organizalumal iltange Addilionally, employees with resistance to changes lend to quit their jobs Goodness of fit oj lite general model ba.\ed on path analys is is 64.6% Keywords: Influential factors, organizational change, attitudes toward organizational changes resignation tendency uki;hh-2'^V.{\2 20131 n - 14 I Huynh Thi Thu Thanh & Cao Hao Thi Gidi thieu X a hgi ludn van dgng \ a khdng ngung thach thiic su thay d d i Su phat trien va canh tranh toan c i u lam tang ap lyc Ien td chirc, ddi hdi td chuc phai thay ddi nhanh chdng de thich ung vdi mdi Irudng va n i m b i t eo hdi phat trien (Fay & cgng sir, 2004) T u y nhien ket qua tir nhiing no lyc thay ddi t h u d n g khdng dugc n h u mong d g i Theo khao sat cua Beer & Nohria (2000) ed den 70% nhifng sang k i l n thay ddi bj t h i t bai D i l u cho t h i y viec tien hanh nhirng thay ddi d l dai duge hieu qua n h u mye tieu de khdng phai la dieu de dang Trong cac v i n dk quan trgng Id chiie t i l n hanh thay d d i k h d n g phai la chien lugc cdng ty c i u triie Id chuc hay van hda phai thay ddi n h u the nao ma van de la lam de nhan vien c h i p nhan sy ihay ddi dd (Kotler & edng sy 2002) V i the, nha quan li c i n nhan thu'c dugc nhiing ldc ddng ciia thay ddi len suy nghT cua nhan vien cam xuc va hanh v i ciia hg Qua nha qudn li mdi cd bien phdp eu thd de ddi phd v d i cac tinh hudng nham nang cao su img hd ciia nhan vien va Iam lang su cdng cho lien trinh thay ddi Nghien cuu n i m muc dich t i m hieu cac yeu i6 anh hudng den thdi ciia nhan vien td chuc ed nhung Ihay ddi, x u hudng rdi bd td chiie va de xuat nhung gidi phap nang cao kha nang c h i p nhan sy thay ddi, han che thai chong doi su ihay ddi ciia nhan vien vd qua dd, dua cdc ham y quan li Co" SO' h' t h u y e t v a cac gia t h u y e t Td chiie la mgt nhdm gdm nhieu vien, lam viee vdi mdt muc dich cu the de dat muc tieu Id chirc va muc lieu ca nhan (George & Jones, 2002) Thay ddi td chuc la sy cai td m g i each chu dgng nham mue dieh lao sire canh tranh Idn hon cho doanh nghiep ( Y u 2009), Thay ddi cd the la viec dp dung cdng nghe m d i , cdc budc djch chuyen ed tinh chat chien lugc, td chuc lai day chuyen sdn xudt lien ket hoac hop nhat vdi doanh nghiep khac, tai co cau ede bd phan kinh doanh hay no lyc tdi uu hda phong cdch van hda ciia tap doan D a n gian, thay ddi cung cd the ehi la thay ddi dieu kien lam viee thay ddi thit trudng v.v ( N g u y i n T h j Bfch Dao, 2009) Appelbaum & cgng su (1998) cho rang td chirc can phdi thay ddi vi hai Ii do: ( I ) A p lye ctia mdi trudng ben ngoat bao gdm ca hdnh vi ciia ddi i h i i canh tranh cac quy djnh eiia chinh phii, cdc chinh sach dieu kien kinh te hoae nhifng tien bd edng nghe; va (2) N h u eau ndi bg de thay ddi bao gdm nhiem vu va tdm nhin cua cdng t ) mua edng nghe m d i , hoae mua bdn va sap nhap V.V Da cd nhieu nghien ciru irirde day \ e su thay ddi td chue d nhieu khia canh khdc Khi nghien eiru \ e lac dgng ciia thay ddi lat nai lam viec L e \ ) (1986) quan tam den tac ddng cua sir thay ddi len ban than nhan \ i e n edng \ i e c cung n h u quan he vdi ddng nghiep cua ho Nghien eiru chi rang thay ddi ed tdc ddng manh me len ed nhan nhan vien lien quan den nhan thire ciia ca nhan \ e td chirc anh hudng den cugc sdng va tac ddng den su hai Idng edng \iec eiia hg Nghien ciru eua Annenakis & cgng sy (1993) eho t h i y eae k l hoach di kem \ d i nhifng nd lyc thay ddi la mdi quan tam ldn ciia nhan vien Tac gia ghi nhan rang len kc hoach cu the \ a cd nhirng nd lyc thay ddi Id chuc nhan vien cam ihay bai Idng ban T i n h hudng Idm cho nhan vien cam thay e ngai hoac chdng d d i , la bg khdng biet trudc lia\ khdng biet ro mirc ma su thay ddi tac dgng den hg (Vakola & cdng su, 2005) Alannah (2006) danh gia thai Lip chl Pilar men kmli le 21& {\2mn3) 13-25 Mu>nh T h j Thu Thanh & C J > Mao I h i j ciia nhan vien chiu tac ddng ciia ba yeu t d : Tan suat thay d d i , tac ddng cua su thay ddi \ a ke hoach tham gia vao viec thay d d i N h i n chung- nhifng nghien cifu trudc day Ihudng tap trung vao bien phap giup thay ddi thdnh cdng n h u cd ke hoach thay ddi cu the, cung cap day dii thdng tin (Ncrina & cgng sy 2004) va vai trd chii dao ciia nha quan l i (Nguyen T h j Bich Dao, 2009) T u y nhien cdc nghien ciiu na\ chua tap trung vao mgt khia canh quan trgng khac, dd la thai eiia nhan vien trudc sy thay ddi dau la nhiing nguyen nhan dan den thai dd tieu cue hay tich cue trudc su tha) ddi dang d i l n t d chiic cua hg D i e u quan trgng, vi thai dd tich cue iing hd sy thay ddi ciia nhan vien ddng gdp phan Idn cho sy thay ddi cdng, nguge lai neu nhan \ ien ed thdi phan ddi sy thay ddi cd the lam that bai ca mdt lien trinh thay d d i Vakola & cdng su (2005) nghien eiru m d i quan he giifa cang thang edng \ iec cam kcl vdi td chirc va thai ciia nhan vien td chiic cd nhiing thay ddi Tde gia ghi nhan cang thang se lam giam cam ket vdi td chirc gia lang su chdng ddi vdi ihay ddi va ed xu hudng rdi bd id chue Nguge lai, earn k c l cd lac dgng tich cyc vdi thdi chap nhan eua nhan vien va gia iang su hai Idng Ben canh dd, nghien ciru cua Y u (2009) de cap den nhan thuc ciia nhdn vien l i m hieu sdu han vai ird cua cang ihang va quan If cang thang cd anh hu'dng nhuthe nao ddi \ d i hdnh vi cua nhan vien trudc sy thay d d i Thai chap nhan sy thay ddi la cam xiic phan khich va hanh phiic de hd trg sy thay ddi (Vakola & cdng sy, 2005) K h i nhan vien dugc danh gia cao tham gia vao cdng viec hg de chdp nhan cho tat ca cdc nhiem vu lien ket vdi ede sdng kien thay ddi Trong trucmg hgp ndy nhan vien cd nhieu kha nang nhan thirc dugc rang td chuc ciia hg dugc ehuan bi day du de thuc hien nhQng thay ddi can thiet nham ddp img muc tieu ciia id chuc Nguge lai chdng ddi sy thay ddi the hien d t h a i tire gidn hoac sg hai lien quan den sy khdng chac ehan va khd nang ihlch iing vdi cdc thay ddi (Vakola & cdng sy 2005) Ngay ca mgi ngirdi khdng hai ldng vdi hien trang cua cdng viec hg van sg rang bdt cir sy thay ddi nao cung chi lam cho m u i vice tdi te han, Sy sg hai cd thd x u i t phat tir n i l m tin iha\ ddi ed tdc ddng tieu cue hay chi don gian la sy sg hai chung chung Dicu dd tao trang thai khdng s^n sang de chfip nhiin thay ddi vii nhdn vien ed the phdn ung kha lieu cyc, Khi nhan vien ddi mat vdi su khdng chac c h i n , hg ihudng sg \ i i r i khdi lutrng cdng vice, tham chi cd dja vj hien lai se bi anh hudng Hg nghi ngd kT nang ciia hg cd the da Idi thdi de xu li nhiem vu m d i Them vdo d d nhan vien cdm nhan su ihay ddi la mdi de dga cho dirdng su nghiep vd idi chfnh ciia ho Nhdn vien cd the mat nhieu tfnh nang vd hinh Hen kel \ d i mdi trudng lam viec hien l a i chang han nhu quyen lyc \ a uy lin (Callan, 1993) va do nhan \ i e n cd thdi d d l i e u cue, chong ddi s u t h a y d d i V i v a \ gia thuyei H I dirge d e n g h i : Gia t h u y l l 11 Ui: Xhdn thirc ve su khdng chdc chdn td chirc thay ddi cd idc ddng nghich hicm din llmi chdp nhdn sir thay ddi ciia nhdn vien Gia t h u y i t H l b : Slum ihirc ve sir khdng chdc chdn id chirc thay ddi cd ldc ddng ddny •'ien din thai dd chdng ddi sir thay ddt cua nhdn vien Tiep tbu ha\ hoai nghi, cang thang \ d mgt sd phan irng cd nhiin khdc co lien quan den su thay ddi la nhifng dieu c i n nen \ c i pham \ i ke hoach tha> ddi (,\rmenakis & cdng su 1993) Thay ddi rd rang ga) su hoai nghi va ciing thang, dd can trd su cdng Cung t h i n g Idm giam hicu qua cdng \ i c c \ a g i a m su hai long td chirc Cang ih.ing gfi\ i;t r;ip chi I'liiil trien kinh ii 16 I Huynh Thi Thu Thanh & Cao Hao Thi bdi sir thay ddi td chtic cd thd tao thai tieu cyc va vi the, cang thang trd tac nhan chdng lai su thay ddi (Vakola & cdng su, 2005) Do dd, gia thuyet H2 dugc de nghi: Gia thuyet H2a: Cdng thdng irong cong viec to chiec thay doi co tdc dong nghich hien den thai chdp nhgn su thay doi ciia nhdn vien Gia thuyet H2b: Cdng ihdng cong viec lo chirc thay doi co tdc dong dong bien den thdi chong doi sy thay doi ciia nhdn vien Tin tudng td chuc thd hien sy lien kit tich cyc giifa cac vien vao td chiic va thtic diy sy hgp ldc, chia se sang tao ciing nhu su ddi mdi Dya vao nghien ciru cua Deluga (1994), niem tin phan ehia ba loai: Niem lin eiia nhan vien, tin vao ngudi lanh dao, vatin vao nhan vien ciing cap vdi minh Khi nhan vien cd niem tin, hg se gia tang hiing thu lam viec, nhin nhan van de theo chieu hudng tich euc hon va chap nhan su thay ddi de dang hon Nhan vien se ty nguyen nd lyc hon nua de hoan nhiem vu Vi vay, gia thuyet H3 dugc de nghj: Gia thuyet H3a: Tin lirang vdo id chirc cd ldc dong dong bien den ihdi chdp nhdn su thay doi to chirc Gid thuyet H3b: Tin tudng vdo td chirc cd tdc ddng nghich bien di^n thdi chong doi su thay doi Irong Id chivc Cam ket vdi td chirc ddng vai trd quan trgng viec chap nhan su thay ddi ciia nhan vien Khi nhan vien cam ket vdi td chuc thi hg san sang chap nhan su thay ddi irong td chirc neu su thay ddi dd dugc xem la ed lgi (Lau & cdng su, 1995) Nhung mdi sd nghien cuu khac lai cho rang neu nhan vien cd cam ket manh me vdi td chirc hg ed the ehdng lai sy thay ddi neu hg nhan Ihirc rang la mgt mdi de dga cho lgi fch ciia hg (Vakola & cdng sy, 2005) Nhiing nghien ciin cho thay ed dnh hudng giira cam ket vdi td chirc va thai ciia hg ddi vdi su thay ddi Nhan vien ed su cam ket eao vdi Id chirc, hg se san sang hd trg va nd lyc thye hien ihay ddi va dd dan den thai dd tieh eye ddi vdi su thay ddi Vi vay, gia thuyet H4 duge de nghi: Gia thuyet H4a: Cam kel vdi td chirc cd tdc dong ddng bien den thai dp chdp nhdn su thay ddi ciia nhdn vien Gia thuyei H4b: Cam kel vin to chirc cd tdc ddng nghich bten den thdi chdng ddi su thay ddi cua nhdn vien Xu hudng rdi bd td chirc de cap den khuynh hudng nhan vien cd y djnh rdi bd cdng viec hien tai va tim kiem cac co hdi viec lam thay the (Lin & cgng su, 2005) Tat ca nhifng suy doan va nhung dieu mo hd ed the se tao hieu ii'ng bat Igi ve mdi quan he lin cay giti'a nhan vien vdi td chue vdi quan If va vdi cac ddng nghiep ciia hg, do lam gidm sy hai Idng cdng viec dan din thai khdng ehdp nhan sy thay ddi Vdi muc chdng doi manh me hon hg cd xu hudng mudn rdi bd td chiic Nguge lai nhan vien tin tudng vao td chirc hg nhan thirc ring viec thay ddi Id can thiet \ a ehap nhan su thay ddi nhan vien se khdng ed y djnh rdi bd to chirc (Vakola & cgng sy 2005) Do dd gia thuyll H5 va H6 dugc de nghj: Gia thuyet H5: Thai chdp nhdn sic thay ddi cd ldc ddng nghich biin din y dmh rai hd to chirc cua nhdn vien cd su thay ddi xdy Gia thuyei H6: Thdi chdng doi sir thay doi cd tdc dong dong bien deny dinh rai hd td chirc cua nhdn vten co sir thay ddi xay Tap chi Phdi men kmh te 278 (12/2013) 13-25 Hu>nh Thi Thu Thanh & CJQ Hao Thj | 17 Mo hinh nghien cuii Md hinh nghien ciiu dugc xay dung tu md hinh danh gia thai cua nhan vien to ehuc thay ddi ctia Vakola & cgng su (2005) Gidi han nghien ciru cua Vakola & cgng su (2005) la chua danh gia tac ddng cua nhdm ylu to nhan thirc trude su thay ddi len thai nhan vien va yeu td niem tin; ddng thori chua phan tich moi quan he giifa thai chap nhan hay chong ddi su Ihay ddi tac ddng nhu thi nao din xu hudng rdi bd id ehirc Tir gidi han nghien cim ciia Vakola & cdng sy (2005), kit hgp vdi nghien cim ciia Yu (2009) da xae djnh cdc ylu td anh hudng din thai nhan vien de hinh md hinh li thuyei cho nghien ciiu Md hinh nghien cim dugc trinh bay Hinh Cac yeu td anh hudng bao gdm: (1) Nhan thirc su thay ddi; (2) Cang thing edng viec; (3) Cam kit vdi td chiic; va (4) Nilm tin ciia nhan vien Hinh Mo hinh nghien ctru thai ciia nhan vien td chirc thay ddi Phu'O'ng p h a p nghien ctiu Nghien ciiu duge thye hien thdng qua hai giai doan: Nghien cuu so bd va nghien cifu chinh Ihirc Nghien ciiu sa bd djnh linh dugc thyc hien thdng qua trao ddi chuyen gia nham danh gia bd sung vd hieu chinh thang cho phii hgp vdi eae td ehirc d VN Bay ddi tugng duoc tiep can trao ddi Id nhCfng chuyen vien dang ldm \iec cac td chirc cd ticn hanh thay ddi tai dja ban TP.HCM Nghien ciru so bd djnh Iirgng thuc hien de danh gia sa bd \e tin cd) cac ihang da thiet ke va dieu chinh cho phii hgp vdi ddi tugng nghien cifu Mau khao sdt thu thap biing phuang phap phdng van tryc tuyen (google docs) vdi tdng sd mau hgp Ic Id 6! Nghien cuu chinh thirc sir dung bang khao sat da dugc dieu chinh tir nghien cun sa bg Bang cau hdi dugc gtfi den ddi tugng la nhifng nhan vien dang lam \ iec tai cdc Id chirc ma cd tien hanh mdt sd thay ddi nhal djnh nhu: thay ddi co cau van hda, thay ddi quy trinh chfnh sach thay ddi thii trudng thay ddi vj tri cdng tac v.v pham vi TP.HCM, tir nam 2011 trd lai day Ddi tugng khao sat dugc mdi phdng van bang bang in va true tuyen va vdi tdng so phan hdi la 206 mau Dif lieu sau kiem tra, tdng mau hgp le la 200 I'ypchi Phdt tru;, Unh I 18 Huynh Thi TTiu Thanh & Cao Hao Thi Cdc khai niem nghien cun ludng bang nhijng thang cd san va da dugc kiem nghiem qua cac nghien cim cua Vakola & cdng sy (2005) va Yu (2009) Cd khai niem nghien ciiu vdi ldng 34 biln quan sat dugc su dung (Bang 1) Thang Liker nam cap dd tir (hoan loan khdng ddng y) din (hoan loan dong y) dimg de ludng cac bien Bang Nguon goc cac thang Khai niem S5 biln Cang thang cdng viec Ngu6n Vakola & cong sir (2005) Nhan thirc cua nhan vien tnroc sir thay doi Yu (2009) Nilm tin Clia nhan vien Yu (2009) Cam kit voi to cliiic Vakola & cpng sir (2005) Thai chip nhan su thay d6i Vakola & cpng su (2005) Thai chfing dfii su thay d6i Vakola & cpng su (2005) Xu hircmg rai bo to chirc Lin & cpng su (2005) Sau phan tich so bd djnh lugng ba bien quan sat irong cac thang cang thang cdng viec, nhdn thuc ciia nhan vien va cam ket vdi Id chue bj loai bd, tuong quan bien - tdng khdng dat yeu cau ( dung va dien tu \ ien thdng han 15%o moi loai; ede nganh tai chinh ke loan, y ll giao due chirng khodn v.v, chilm dudi 10%o 5.2 Phdn (ich nhdn td EFA vd phan tich tin cay Tdng 22 bien ddc lap cdn lai sau nghien cuu so bd dugc dua vao phan tich nhan td EFA Chi sd KMO dat 0,777 va Sig - 0.000 chting td phan tieh nhan td la thich hgp vdi dCf lieu hien tai Phuang phap phan tieh nhan to dya vao thdng sd Eigenvalue, ehi cd nhung nhan td nao cd Eigenvalue Idn hon I mdi dugc giir lai md hinh phan lich vi sau chuan hda mdi bien Tap chi Plidl men kmh le 278 (12/2013) 13-25 Hujnh Thi Thu Thanh & Cao Hau Thi | 19 gdc CO phuong sai la Nghien ctm chgn phep quay Varimax n h i m cyc l i l u so b i l n cd gia trj he sd tai cao d cung mdt nhan to K i t qua phan tich nhdn to dugc trinh bay d Bang Tir m d hinh li thuyet v d i bdn yeu td tac ddng den thai nhan vien phan lich nit nam nhan td gdm: Cam k i t v d i td chiic (Commit), cang t h i n g cdng viec (Stress), niem tin cua nhan vien (Trust), nhan thifc thay ddi mat dja vj (Percep I ) va nhan thifc qua tai edng viec (Percep2) Trong dd, chii y d i n thang nhan thirc trudc su thay ddi (Percep) tdch hai nhan td neng biet khac v d i m d hinh ban d i u Theo Y u (2009), ihang nhan thirc trudc su thay ddi la thang da hudng, dd la nhan thirc trudc su thay ddi se m i l dja vj khdng an toan hoae qua tai cdng viec Do dd hai nhan Id mdi duoe dat ten lai nhu sau: nhdn td ed he so Eigenvalue = 2,961 v d i nam b i l n quan sat se dugc dat ten lai la nhan ihirc sy thay ddi m i t dja vj; nhan td cd he sd Eigenvalue = 1.241 vdi ba b i l n quan sat dugc dat ten lai la nhan thirc su ihay doi qua tdi cdng viec Cac nhan i d irich dugc tren day gidi Ihich 59.80% cdc b i l n quan sal Cac he sd ldi cd gid trj lir 0.575 den 0.833 va nhin cbung deu chap nhdn duac Phan tich nhan td dugc tien hdnh cho ba bien phu thudc gdm thai chap nhan sy ihay ddi (Accept), thai chdng ddi sy thay doi (Resist), va xu hudng rdi bd i d chuc (Turnov), K i t qua cho thay cdc khai niem nghien cim deu la thang dem hudng cd Eigenvalue Idn hon I va tdng phuang sai irich ldn ban 50%) Cac trgng sd nhdn to deu liTn hon 0.5 B a n g K e t qua phan tich nhan td v d i cac yeu td anh h u d n g Nhan to Bien quan sat Commil20 Toi ra! hanh phiic neu dupc gan bo vai lo chuc lau dai, 0.735 Commil22 Toi thich la vien dai gia dinh to chirc 0.693 Toi tiep tuc lam viec a dav vi no mann lai nhieu loi ich hon „ Commil24 ' " 0.669 nhirng nai khac, Coininil25 Toi cho rang nhan vien phai trung voi to chirc cua ho 0,575 PcrcepOS PercepO? Khi Ihay doi, toi so r^ng cong viec cua toi se khong diroc J ^ = = COI trpng Dir doan t6 chirc thay doi, toi so dia vi cua ioi se bi giam dl Percep 15 Dudoan t6 chirc thay doi phuc loi cua loi se bi giam di PerceplO Slress02 Du doan to chirc ihay doi trien vpng nrang lai cua toi se khonsian loan 0^33 0,791 0,711 "-oOl Thav dot kliiln ldi kh6n^ ihe kiem soat duoc khoi lirong ' ^ cong vice hien lai I jp chi Phdi incn kmh te 278 (12 2013) 13- I Huynh Thj Thu Thanh & Cao Hao Thi Sn-ess03 StressOl Thay dot khien cong viec gay tra ngai cho cuoc song ca nhan 0,767 va gia dinh toi Thay doi khiln tdi thudng xuyen lam viec nhieu gid hon so , vol quy dmh 0,72/ Stress04 Khi thay ddi, dilu kien lam viec cua toi khong dupc tdt 0,661 Trust 19 Toi tin ring dong nghiep ciia toi san sang giup lan 0,767 I o ^ ° ' ^'" ""^"S ddng nghiep ciia toi co du nang lire de dap ung vol thay doi to chirc, ^ , Toi tin rang to chiic thay doi se doi xir binh dang vcri tat Trust 16 ca cac nhan vien .p „ _., 0,701 _ Toi tin rang to chiic thay doi se quan tam den nhixng gi anh huong doi vdi toi Percepll , Du doan to chirc klii thav doi toi so rang se khong thich ung / ^ = = = dirpc vol moi truong moi „„ Q_gj2 Du doan to chirc thay doi, toi so rang k^ nane ciia toi se Percepl3 , , ' , ^ ' ^ kiiong dap ung du cho cong viec 0,745 ,„ Du doan to chirc thav ddi euoe song ciia toi cd thi bi Percep 12 , " ' = • Qg42 thay doi Eigenvalue 4,705 2,961 Dp biln thien duoc giai thich (%) 13,394 26,202 38,475 50,166 59,801 Cronbach's Alpha 0,761 0,794 1,687 0,764 !,366 0,739 1,241 0.676 Ket qua phan tich dd lin cdy C r o n b a c h ' s A l p h a c h o t h i y cac t h a n g d o d i u dat tin cay, gia trj eiia cac t h a n g n i m Irong k h o a n g 0.676 (thang n h a n t h u c qud tai t r o n g e d n g viec) den 0,911 (Ihang xu hirdng rdi bd id chirc) 5.3 Phdn tich hdi quy tuyin tinh da hiin P h u a n g p h a p s u d u n g de p h a n tich m o hinh nghien e u u va c a c gia t h u y e t la m d hinh PATH ( P e d h a z u r 1982) Md hinh nghien ctiu d u g e x e m n h u l u a n g d u a n g v d t ba p h u a n g trinh hdi quy Kel qua phan tfch d u g c Irinh bay d B a n g Tap chi Phdi men kmh fe'278 (12/2013) 13-25 Huj-nh Thi Thu Thanh & Cao Hao Thi j Bang Ket qua phan tich hdi quy tuyen tinh da bi8n He so hoi quy Cac he so hoi quy chu-a chuan hoa Cac he so hoi quy chuSn hoa Phu-OTig trinh ! „ HesoB Sal lich : chuan Da cong tuyen Trj thSng Mtrc J ke T nghta P chuan hoa f)g chap nhan ciia bien He so phong dai phu-ong sai {Hang so) 1,619 0,343 4.720 0.000 Trust 0,384 0,080 0,333 4.812 0.000 0723 1.384 , ,, Commit (Accept) 0,281 0,075 0.251 3.7 IS 0,000 0756 1.323 Percep -0,153 0,063 -0151 -2.453 0.015 0912 1,097 (Hang so) 2,314 0.390 5.937 0.000 1.126 Stress 0,302 0,066 0,289 4.550 0,000 0888 ,n , Trust (Resist) -0,322 0,080 -0.254 -4.041 0.000 0.905 1,105 0.245 0.073 0,219 3372 0.001 0.846 1,182 4.419 0.000 8.791 oooo 1.000 1,000 Percept (Hangs6) (Turnov) Resis, 1,049 0,237 0,737 0,084 0530 - Phuang trinh danh gia cac yeu id tac ddng den thdi dd chap nhan su tha\ ddi cua nhan vien (Accept), phan tich hdi quy da bien de nghi md hinh lot nhdt bao gdm ba nhan id la cam kel vdi td chii'c (Commit), niem lin ciia nhan vien (Trust), va nhdn thuc thayddi mat dia vi (PereepI) Md hinh hdi quy ba nhan td giai thich 31.3% tdng cac yeu td ldc dgng Icn thai dd chdp nhdn sy thay ddi cua nhan vien - Phuong trinh ddnh gid cdc yeu td tac ddng den thdi dd chdng ddi su thay ddi ciia nhan vien (Resist) Phan tfch hdi quy da bien de nghj md hinh tdt nhat bao gdm ba yeu td la cang thang cdng viec (Stress), nhan thiic thay ddi mat dja vj (Percepl), va niem tin cua nhan vien (Trust) Md hinh hdi quy ba nhan id giai ihfeh 28.7%) tdng cac )eu td tac dong len thai dd chdng ddi sy thay ddi ciia nhan vien - Phuong trinh ddnh gid thai chdng ddi suihay ddi (Resist) cd ldc ddng ddng ke den \u hudng rdi bd td chuc (Turnov) vdi R- bang 27.7%o Rieng ihdi chap nhdn sy thay ddi khdng cd y nghTa ve mat thdng ke den sy rdi bd td chirc Nhu vay, kiem djnh 12 gia thuyei ciia md hinh nghien ciin ddt thi ed gid thuyet (Hla 111 b H2, H3b 114a, H4b H5a vd H7) dugc ung hg va gid thuyit (I-I2;i 112b, H3a 115b va H6) bj bac bd Md hinh nghien euu dugc the hten nhu Hinh Do phil hgp tdng the ciia md hinh nghien ciiu, R", theo md hinh PA Tl I la: R-^= [ _ ( ] -R-,)*(l -R-;)*(l - R l O (Pedhazur 1982) 22 I Huynh Thj Thu Thanh & Cao Hao Thi Trong dd R-| R": R^3 la he sd xae djnh ciia cac md hinh hdi quy phan Do phii hgp tdng the ciia md hinh R^ = 64,6%) k lem djnh sy khac biet giifa cac nhdm mlu bing T-test \ a phan tich ANOVA cho thay chua cd sy khdc biet cd y nghTa giua cac nhdm mlu ddi vdi thai cua nhan vien va xu hudng rdi bd td chirc **p