Cong tac xoa doi giam ngheo d huyen Vj Xuyen, tinh IHa Giang giai doan 2000 2010 ^'^^6^ LE HONG sets* Y i Xuydn Id mdt huydn vung thap nhiing ndm qua, song nMn ehung cua tinh Hd Giang vdi didn tich tU tinh trang nghdo vdn va bilu Mdn kha nMdn la 1.500 km^, ndm bao quanh da dang, dd Mdn tUdng thie'u dn phd' Hd Giang Todn huydn cd 24 don vi hdng ndm tfl mdt de'n ba thdng vdn dien hdnh chinh, dd cd thi tran va 22 doi vdi dong bdo dan tgc tMlu sd' d cac xd (c6 xa bien gidi gidp Trung Quoc, tong vimg sdu, vflng xa cMeu dai dUdng Men gidi la 36 km; 12 xa Ndm 2000, ty Id hd ngheo d huydn Vi dde Met khd khan); 17 ddn tde anh em Xuydn chid'm 14,4%, nMen sU phdn b l eung sinh sing Trong nhOng nam qua, rat khdng ding diu Do dia bdn khd ddc cdng tde xda ddi giam ngheo d huyen mien bidt nen ede xd d khu vUc trung tam, gdn nui ndy dat dUdc nhOttig thdnh tifii ddng dudng qud'c Id, nhiing noi ed dia Mnh thu- gM nhdn, gdp phdn quan trpng vide an lgi tM ty le hd ngheo thdp Trong kM on dinh va nang eao dOi sd'ng dong bdo ddn dd, hd ngheo cd xu hudng tap trung d vflng tdc tMeu sd' d m i l n nui, nhat Id khu vUc sau, vung xa, vflng dong bao ddn tdc tMlu bidn gidi Bdi viet ndy phde hpa vai net v l sd', vimg eae xd dde biet khd khan, cdc xa thdnh tuu ehinh edng tac xda ddi thudc ehuong trinh 135 Nam 2008, Ngpc giam ngheo, cung nhU vai trb cua nhflng Minh Id xa cd ty Id hd nghdo cao nhdt nhan to ehu ylu tao nen thdnh tiiu dd d 56,05%; Mmh Tan: 38,69%; Lao Chai: huydn Vi Xuyen (Hd Giang), giai doan 37,67%; Thudn Hba: 36,58%; Xin Chai: 2000 - 2010 33,13% Trong kM dd, tai hai thi trdn vd cde xd vung thap, ty Id hd nghfeo rdt thdp: Thiic tr^ng doi, n g h e o b huypn Vi Xuy§n Mae du tang tnidng Mnh td' da lam cho ty Id nghfeo ddi huydn giam dang k l thi trdn Vi Xuyen: 2,97%, xa Vidt Ldm: 5,79%, thi trdn Viet Ldm: 7,25%, xa Phu Lmh: 11,64% Cd nMeu nguydn nhan ddn d i n nghdo d ^ Ld Hing Son, NCS Hpc vien Khoa hoc xa h0i - Vi$n Hdn ldm KHXH Vi$t Nam 76 huyen Yi Xuydn, dd Id nguon lUe ddu tU han che, tMd'u hoac khdng dong bd v l chinh sdch dau tu xdy dung ed sd tdng eho cdc khu vUc khd khdn, chinh sdch khuyin Much san xudt, vd'n tin dung, hudng dan edeh ldm dn, chinh sach giao due, y t l , dinh eanh dinh cU Bdn eanh dd, nghfeo cbn ngUdi ddn cbn tMlu kinh ngMdm san xudt, tMd'u lao dpng, tMlu ddt canh tae, ddng eon, y lai trdng chd vdo su giup dd cua nhd nUdc Nghien ciht Ddng Nam A, sd 3/2016^ n d i ^ thdn miln nui, nhdt Id doi vdi khu vUc ding bdo dan tde tdc tMlu so Trong dilu Mdn dd, huy$n Vi Xuydn ih)h Ha Giang da duge h i txg nMlu nguIn vd'n tfl CMnh phu nhdm ddy manh ^ a ddi gidm nghfeo vd da dat dUdc nMlu k i t qua tich ciic Do dilu M$n Id mdt huydn m i l n niii eii vi tri cMd'n luge khdng eW doi vdi tinh Hd Giang, md cbn doi vdi khu vUc Ddng B^c, huyen Vi Xuydn dUdc sU quan tam dia Trung uong eung nhfl eua tinh Troi^ nMlu ndm qua, huydn Vi Xirydn dUpc huofng lgi hdu het cac ehuong trinh, du dn phat triln khu viie m i l n nui, vimg doi^ bdo ddn tdc tMlu so' da vd dang trien Miai d khu vUc m i l n nui pMa Bdc Kit qud thuc Mdn cdc chinh sach cua Tnmg uong da tao ndn sU thuc ddy manh me, lam thay doi ddi song cua nhdn dan khu viic miln nui, ddc bidt Id sU chuyin b i l n tich cue eua cdng tde xda ddi gidm nghfeo, dd ed huydn Da sd ngUdi ddn d Vi Xuydn dd chu yeu Id ngUdi ngheo sinh sing & nhflng vCmg c6 dilu Men tU nMdn khac ngMet, eO sd tdng ch$m phdt triln, cdc r ^ u l n lUc ddnh cho tdng tnidng han ehd', dilu Mdn kinh t l - x a hdi rat kho khdn Dd Id ede vimg thudng tdch bidt vdi cdc vung khdc, cd ty Id hd n ^ d o cao, nguy co tdi nghfeo ldn, hp thudng song d nhflng noi ed dilu Men vd sinh vd eo sd tang ylii kdm, thudi^ bi roi vdo vdng ludn qudn cua su V i XLQfdn nghfeo ddi vd tham hpa mdi trUdi^ nhfl Vdi vide triln khai cde chUdng trinh, dU chdt phd riing biia bai, chdn tha gia sflc dn ldn ciia CMnh phii nhdm nang eao dW khdng dung ndi quy dinh, du canh du cU sd'ng ding bdo ddn tdc tMlu s i d vimg Nhong ngudi nghfeo d ddy chUa cd nMeu cd bidn, day manh xda ddi gidm nghfeo, hgi tiep c^n vdi cdc dieh vu khi^en ndng, nhfli^ khd khdn cua huy$n \ ^ 2&Q^en da khuyen ldm, bao ve ddng - thUc vdt; cdc dugc gidi quylt tUOng doi cdn ban Ndm dich vu vd sinh, nUdc sach, di$n 2000, t i n g nguIn v i n tfl cdc chUdng trinh, du dn ddu tu trdn dia bdn huy^n \ ^ 5&rydn C a c cht^cfng t r i n h , dvt a n ciia C h i n h ldn den trdn 13,2 ty ding Rieng ChUOng p h u d^i vcfi c o n g t a c x o a d o i giiim trinh 135, ndm 2000 da edp phdt vdi tong n ^ e o it h u y p n Vi XuySn von 4.742 t^ ding (dat 99% k l hoach^" Trong 10 ndm 2000 - 2010, Chinh phii K i t qud thue M$n cac chuong trinh du dn da trien khai thuc M$n nMlu Chuong diu hodn thdnh eM tidu d l ra, nMlu cdng trinh, du dn nhdm ndng cao mdc song ciia trinh giao t h d i ^ , tnidng hpc, thuy lgi, nUdc nguiri ddn, eai tMen co sd tdng khu viie sach da dua vdo sfl dung phuc vu cho ding Le Hdng San - Cdng tdc xda doi gidm ngheo d huyen Vi Xuyen bdo dan tde thilu s i Nhd dd, san xuat Mnh te duge thuan lgi, dan tri tang len, ddi sd'ng vdt chdt vd tinh than cua ngUdi ddn duge cai tMen dang k l Tfl kM budc vao giai doan II eua Chuong trinh 135 (2006 - 2010), nguIn vdn ddu tU cho huydn Vi Xuydn ngdy edng tang Trong ndm 2006 - 2007, so v i n ddu tu Id gdn 10,3 ty dong, dd Mnh pM eho ddo tao can bd 540 tridu vd ho trg hpe sinh hdn 700 tridu Ndm 2008, i ^ u l n vdh ndy tdng len gan 15,5 ty doi^, nam 2009 la hdn 22,3 t^ dong vd ndm 2010 trdn 25 ty dong*^l Ciing tfl nam 2005, huydn Vi Xuyen tiep tue duge ddu tii cua Chinh phii theo Chuong trinh 134, Clhuong trinh duge thdnh ldp theo Quye't dinh 134/2004/QDTTg ngdy 20 thang ndm 2004 ciia Thu tudng CMnh phu Day la Chuong trinh h i tig ddt san xuat, dat d, nhd d vd nUde sinh hoat cho hd dong bao dan tdc tMlu s i nghfeo, ddi song kho khdn Trong so ede nhdm chinh sach hd trg, ehinh sdch phan bl ddt cho gia ddoih dong bao ddn tdc tMlu sd Id bd phgm quan trpng nhdt va dupe ky vpng Id h i trg phat trien kinh td' cho cgng dong ddn toe thieu so'^' Bdn canh dd, Chuong trinh du dn quic phbng 313 trien khai trdn dia bdn huydn cung da gdp phdn ciing eo edng tdc quoe phbng an ninh bien gidi va phat triln kinh td' - xa hdi tai eac xa vung bien eua huy$n Dodn Mnh t l qud'c phbng 313 dugc thdnh l$p tfl ndm 2002, c6 ehflc ndng, nM^m vu t l ehfle thUe Mdn dU an kinh t l quoe phbng tren dia bdn pMa bdc huy$n gIm xa bidn gidi Id Thanh Thuy, Thanh Dflc, Lao Chdi, 77 Xin Chai, vdi 18 thdn ban, dd eo thon ban gidp vdi bidn gidi Vidt - Tnmg cd cMlu ddi bidn gidi gan 30 Mn Ddy la xd ddc bidt khd khan, xa Men gidi, ed dia Mnh phde tap, giao thdng kho khdn, thdi tid't khdc ngMet, trinh dan tri cbn han chl, CO sd vdt ehdt tMd'u thin, t;^ 1§ hd nghfeo diu cao trdn 35 % Tfl kM cd Dodn Mnh t l qud'c phdng 313, khdng nhflng tinh Mnh an ninh ehinh tri, trdt tfl an toan xa hdi trdn dia bdn dflgc gifl vung, md nMlu hg da thoat nghfeo Nhuiig k i t qua Much Ig md Dodn kinh td' qud'c phong mang lai dd Id sU bd tri I n dinh vung dU an, ddi sd'ng ede dan tde tMlu so dUdc eai tMen, san xud't phat triln, dilu Men dn, of, sinh hoat tdt hon tnidc day H u y p n Vi X u y § n p h a t h u y n p i liic, t ^ n d u n g t o t n g u o n liic h d t r g tii b e n ngoai t r o n g cong tac xoa doi giam ngheo Ngodi yd'u td' nguIn vd'n hd trg tfl CMnh phu thdng qua eae ChUOng trinh, dU an phdt trien, tM vai trb cua dia phuong md quan trpng nhdt chinh Id vai tro cua he thong to ehflc Dang, ehinh quyln cdp huypn, xd ddng vai trd then chot eho vide dam bao cdng txong vide thUc Men cac ehu trUdng, cMnh sach cua Dang, Nhd nUde v l xda ddi giam nghfeo Cd t h i ndi, vai trb lanh dao cua Dang bd dia phUOng Id mOt nhdn t l h i t sde quan trpng, de vi$c triln khai thUe Mdn cae ehinh sdeh vl xda ddi gidm nghfeo tren dia bdn huy^n Vi Xuydn cd diipc nhflng thdnh edng D l phdt huy Mdu qua chinh sdch h i trg 78 Nghien cvtu Ddng Nam A, sd 3/201% vd'n, Dang bd da eM dao ede ngdnh, eae cap thUe Mdn edng tac ho trg ddt san xudt, dat d, nhd d, nude sinh hoat eho dong bdo theo Chuong trinh 134 vd de'n cd ban hodn thdnh Cdc hd dong bao dan tde tMlu so' nghfeo da cd dd't san xuat, cd nhd d vd nUdc sinh hoat, I n dinh eudc song, ydn tdm lam an ChUOng trinh da gdp phan quan trpng vdo eong tac giam nghfeo cho ede hg d i n g bdo dan tdc thilu s i trdn dia bdn huydn Giai doan tii ndm 2000 den nam 2010, Dang bd Miydn Vi Xuydn da cM dao thue Men kha dong bd cdc bidn phdp nham tri tdc tdng tnidng kinh te eao vd on [fTy le ho n^ihco fir j gooi] goog goo^ Eoo^ gdd^ g^^ Nguon: So liiu xd ly tit Bdo cao tinh hinh kinh ti - xd h6i hdng n&m cua UBND huyen Vi Xuyin NguSn: SS Mu xd ly tU Bdo cdo tinh kinh kinh te • hang ndm cda UBND kuy§n Vj JtaySn \ y l^ Hdng San - Cdng tdc xda ddi gidm ngheo d huy0n Vj Xuyen 79 huydn Vi Xuydn Trong nhiJng ndm tdi, edng tdc xda ddi giam nghfeo van tie'p tuc dUa vdo tinh Meu qua ciia ede ehuong trinh, du dn da va dang dien I dinh Day eiing duge xem ldm mdt nhan td' quan trgng lam n i n tang cho viec thap ti le hd ddi nghfeo tren dia bdn hiiyen qua hdng ndm duge nhanh chdng vd tuong doi b i n vCCng Tfl ndm 2000 den ndm 2005 dat toe dd tdng tnidng kinh td' cua Vi Xuydn I tang binh qudn 11,65%, tfl ndm 2006 dd'n Cd the thay giai doan 2000 2010, cdng tde xda doi giam nghfeo d huyen Vi Xuyen (Hd Giang) dd dat duge nhOtng thdnh tuu dn tugng NhOfng so thd'ng kd k i t qua eho thdy rd dieu dd Ke't qua cua cdng tdc xda ddi giam ngheo cd dugc chil yd'u dua vdo hai nhan to quan trpng Dd Id nguIn vd'n ddu tu eua CMnh phii dd'i vdi khu vUc miln nui, vung Men dd cd Vi Xuyen; dong thdi dd Id sU tieh cUc, chu ddng ciia cdc cap chinh quyln dia phuong, ddc bidt vai trb ldnh dao eua to ehflc Dang ddng vai trb then chdt vide to ehflc thfle Mdn, quan ly nguon vd'n dau tU cung nhu phdt huy mpi lpi the sdn c6 dl thdp ty le hd doi nghfeo trdn dia bdn t ndm 2010 binh quan Id 16%