Vii Thi Hdi Anh vd Dtg Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 87(11): 175- 180 VAI TRO CUA PHU NfT DAN TOC DAO TRONG XOA DOI GIAM NGHEO O HUYEN PHU LU^ONG TINH THAI NGUYEN Vu Thj Hai Anh*, Biii Dinh Hoa, Ha Viet Long, Dang Thj Thai, Tran Cuong Trudng Dgi hoc Nong Ldm - DH Thdi Nguye TOM T A T Phu nir dan toe Dao huyen Phu Luorng, tinh Thai Nguyen la ngudi chiu trach nhiem chinh cac hoat dgng san xuat nong lam nghiep, dae biet la cong viec ngi trg, nuoi day va cham soc cai, cac hg cang ngheo phu nir cang ganh vac nhieu cong viec Tuy nhien hg lai la ngudi khong c6 quyen kiem soat kinh te va quyet djnh cac cong viec gia dinh cung nhu san xuat Viec tang cudng hieu qua san xuat nong lam nghiep; kha nang tiep can vdi cac nguon luc nhu von vay, dat dai, tien bg khoa hge ky thuat, kien thirc khuyen nong khuyen lam ; tiep can vdi giao diic, y te, phap luat, dich vu cham sdc siic khde; quyen quyet djnh gia dinh; dac biet la viec xoa bo cac quan niem ve gidi, phong tue tap quan, tao ca hgi tham gia quan ly cong dong va giam ganh nang cong viee gia dinh, san xuat doi vdi phu nir dan tgc Dao huyen Phu luang, tinh Thai Nguyen la nhirng giai phap het sire quan trgng Til' khoa: Vai trd, phu nit ddn tgc Dao, xda ddi gidm ngheo, Phit Luang, Thdi Nguyen DAT VAN DE Trong nhirng nam qua, Viet nam da dat dugc nhung tyu dang ke cdng tac xda ddi giam ngheo Theo chuan qudc te, ty le hd ngheo ddi ca nude giam xudng cdn 9,45% nam 2010 [1],[3], Viet Nam da sdm dat muc tieu phat trien Thien nien ky ve xda ddi giam ngheo [2] Tuy nhien, sy tien bd tai nhieu viing dan tdc thieu sd cdn chain, ngheo ddi d Viet Nam ndi chung va d viing sau, viing xa, viing dan tdc thieu sd ndi rieng van cdn la mdt thach thiic ldn Mdt nhung nguyen nhan co' ban dan den ty le ddi ngheo cao va trd lyc ngan can phat trien la bat binh ding gidi van tdn tai phd bien mgi mat ciia cude song va tren khap the gidi Phu Luong la mdt huyen mien niii cua tinh Thai Nguyen, vdi ty le hg ngheo eao la 14,31% nam 2010 Dan tdc Dao la mdt dan tgc it ngudi, dirng thii sd 17 dan tdc thieu sd khae nhau, ehilm 2,08%o dan so toan tinh [3], nguon thu nhap chinh ciia hg la tir san xuat ndng lam nghiep Phu nu dan tde Dao cd cugc sdng rkt vkt va, khdng cd quyen quylt djnh cac cdng viee gia dinh, mac dil hg la lao ddng chinh Do vay, viec tao ca hgi tiln tdi "binh ddng nam nit''' cho phu nii- i dac biet la phu nir dan tde Dao boat ddng xda ddi giam ngheo la van de bet sire can thiet PHUONG P H A P NGHIEN CU'U Nghien cuu tap trung vao xa dai dien cd ty le ddng bao dan tdc Dao dang sinh sdng cao: Yen Ninh (1.070 ngudi Dao, 271 hd, la xa rat khd khan); Yen Dd (888 ngudi Dao, 223 hd, xa tuong ddi khd khan); Ddng Dat (411 ngudi Dao, 104 hd, xa ed kinh te phat trien hon) Dieu tra va khao sat cu the 195 hd dan tdc Dao (mdi xa 65 hd), dai dien cho nhdm hd giau-kha, trung binh va ngheo KET QUA vA T H A O L U A N Ty le ho ngheo nguoi Dao Ty le hd ngheo ciia ngudi Dao d huyen giam tir 32,43% (2006) xuong cdn 17,61% (2010), giam dugc 14,82%o (142 hd) Tuy nhien van cdn sd hd gia dinh thieu an, keo theo dd la van de cham sdc sue khde gia dinh, nudi day eon cai khdng dugc quan tam dimg mirc Nhu vay, tinh trang ngheo ciia ngudi Dao la bet sire nghiem trgng, va cung la rao can eiia phu nir dan tdc Dao boat ddng xda ddi giam ngheo Nguyen nhan dan den ngheo Kit qua dilu tra cho thay ed tdi 14 nguyen nhan khac lam cho hd ngudi Dao ngheo ' Tet: 0916 633066, Email: hcuanhtuaf@yahoo.com.vn 175 Vii Thi Hdi Anh vd Dtg 87(11): 175-180 Tap ehi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE dd nguyen nhan quan trgng dirng thir hai la ngheo phu nu cd kha nang quan ly chi tieu kem, cd tdi 71,67%o sd hd dugc hdi, hg lai la ngud'i "Tay hdm chia khda " gia dinh, thay mat gia dinh quan ly chi tieu hang nhung trinh van hda thap nen hg chua biet tinh toan hgp ly, cdn lang phi va thy ddng trudc nhung quyet djnh eiia nam gidi Vai tro cua phu nir dan toe Dao xoa doi giam ngheo 6' Phii Lu'ong Trong hogt ddng sdn xudt ndng ldm nghiep Nhdm hd trung binh va hd ngheo ty le nir dan tdc Dao phai lam tat ca cac cdng viec cao hon nhieu so vdi hd giau-kha Nhieu cdng viee nang nhgc va ddc hai chu yeu la hg ty lam de giam bdt chi tieu Dilu chiing td rSng doi vdi dan tdc Dao thi phu nir la ngudi ddng vai trd chinh d hau hit cac khau san xuat ndng lam nghiep, nhu doi vdi hg ngheo thi khau chgn loai cay trdng, vat nudi nam gidi quyet djnh tdi 88,33%, mua cdng cu san xuat la 90%) va ban san pham la 83,33% Trong boat ddng san xuat lam nghiep nhtrng cong viec mang lai thu nhap cao nhu khai thac gd, san thii thi nam gidi lam tir 65,71-100%) cdng viec, cac cdng viec cd thu nhap thap thi nO gidi lam nhieu hon nhu viec lay mang, phong lan, la dong, nhung day la nhirng san pham chii yeu dii de phyc vy nhu cau hang cho gia dinh, cdn hoat dgng ciia nam gidi mang lai thu nhap cao hon nhung lai khdng thudng xuyen va dn djnh Bang L Ddng gdp cua nam, ntr ngudi Dao san xuat ndng lam nghiep N hom hp Ca NO- , nai Time Nam NO- 62,86 8,57 60,00 14,00 22,00 68,00 15,00 8,00 3,00 53,33 38,33 22,86 13,33 78,33 37,14 14,29 40,00 25,71 22,86 11,00 68,00 21,00 13,33 78,33 11,43 28,57 20,00 19,00 60,00 21,00 16,67 73,33 - - 84,00 22,00 7,00 68,00 5,00 10,00 56,67 35,00 78,33 11,43 5,71 14,29 40,00 94,29 28,57 20,00 17,14 68,00 10,00 18,33 - 22,00 14,00 78,00 8,00 17,14 34,29 8,57 22,00 68,00 - 29,00 55,00 17,14 8,57 48,00 22,00 48,57 20,00 22,86 34,29 60,00 17,14 - I Trong Ilia Lam dat 2, Gieo 37,14 14,29 - - 54,29 Lam co 11,43 Bon phan Phun thuoc sau Gat lua 11,43 5,71 17,14 40,00 Phoi thoc Ban thoc 22,86 11,43 40,00 71,43 17,14 20,00 54,29 17,14 48,57 42,86 14,29 17,14 20,00 54,29 ChSm soc Thu hoach 22,86 IV Trong m^u, cay Jn qiua Lam dat 51,43 Cd Nam NO- 11 ChSn nuoi Lay thuc Sn ChSm soc 111 Trong yiroT]1 rau Lam dat Gieo H Q ngh^o (n==60) Thae Nam Cong vi^c Ho trung binh (n=100) H Q giJu-lkhi(n=35) hai 4,00 13,33 hai 17,14 13,33 73,33 81,67 22,86 11,43 10,00 23,33 70,00 16,00 23,33 70,00 20,00 17,14 32,00 61,00 20,00 17,00 51,67 23,33 43,33 70,00 42,86 14,29 22,00 24,00 61,00 68,00 17,00 23,33 20.00 70,00 17,14 8,00 70,00 22,86 51,43 20,00 22,86 11,43 8,57 32,00 25,00 51,67 43,33 14,29 17,14 54,29 43.00 Gieo 22,00 61,00 17,00 23,33 70,00 14,29 Cham soc 4, Thu hoach 20,00 45,71 8,57 22,00 23,33 70.00 20,00 42,86" 65,71 17,14 24,00 61,00 68,00 17,00 22,86 8,57 25,71 17,14 8,00 20,00 70,00 22,86 25,71 - 10,00 78,00 12,00 13,33 81,67 8,57 17,14 20.00 17,14 22,86 8,57 53,00 43,00 4,00 56,67 43,33 48,00 48,33 17,14 63,00 - 51,67 51,43 54,29 52,00 37,00 21,67 71,67 6,67 Ban san pham V San xuat cay lam nghiep Trong, cham soc rimg 42,86 2- Lay tre 54,29 3, Lay mang 31,43 17,14 4, Phong lan la (tong 25,71 20,00 - Khai thac g5 san thii Nam moc nhi, chuoi 65,71 22,86 - - 34,29 60,00 17,14 Re, la cay chua benh 28,57 60,00 11,43 - 176 30,00 65,00 5,00 25,00 75.00 100,00 26,00 74,00 _ _ 100,00 23,33 76,67 31,00 64,00 5,00 30,00 70,00 - va Thi Hdi Anh vd Dtg Tap ehi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE Trong tiep nhdn tien bd khoa hoc ky thudt 87(11): 175- ISO Trong tgo thu nhiSp gia dinh sy chenh lech kha Idn ve thu nhap giira cac nhdm hd: giau-kha la 1.464.900 ddng/ngudi/thang, trung binh la 792.540 ddng/ngudi/thang va hg ngheo la 337.880 ddng/ngudi/thang De thoat ngheo va vuon tdi thu nhap eao thi cac hd Dao ngheo can phat trien hon nira nganh rimg, va tiep can vdi kinh doanh djeh vy; phat trien ca nganh trdng trgt va chan nudi Cac cdng viec lai phu nir Dao quyet djnh la chinh Cd the ndi phu nir ddng gdp rat ldn viec thay ddi ca cau thu nhap de giiip gia dinh thoat ngheo Trong kiem sodt ngudn luc kinh te hd Ddi vdi hd ngheo thi ca cau thu nhap chu yeu la trdng trgt, chan nudi, rieng thuang mai va djeh vu thi hg khdng tham gia, vdn khdng dil dau tu va khdng biet each kinh doanh Cd Phu nir chiu trach nhiem chinh boat dgng san xuat ndng lam nghiep, djeh vu, ndi trg nhung kiem soat kinh te hd vai trd eua hg dugc danh gia thap hon nam gidi Nhdm hg ngheo da xac djnh dugc tam quan trgng ciia cac Idp tap huan nhung van cdn nhiing hd khdng tham gia, ty le hd cd ap dung ky thuat mdi da tang nhung d muc thap, dac biet la hd ma nam gidi tham gia (51,02%) Hd cd nir di tap huan thi ty le hd ap dyng cao hon so vdi nam gidi di Tuy nhien, ty le phy nu" dugc tham gia cdn thap Dieu cho thay han che cua cdng tac truyen thdng cua dja phuong, vi the vai trd cua phu nu' Dao khdng dugc coi trgng Bang Tinh hinh tiep nhan tien bg ky thuat cua ngudi Dao san xuat nong lam nghiep Nh6m hg Ky thuat du'Q'c tap huan vi ty If hg i p dung Hg gliu-khi (n'=35) Hgcd nam di tap hudn Hgcd nir di tap hudn Hg trung binh ( n=100) Hg ngheo (11=60) Hg khdng di tap huan Hg cd nam di lap hudn Hg cd ni'r di tap hudn Hg khdng di lap hudn Hg cd nam di tap hudn Hg cd ntr di tgp hudn Hg khdng di lgp hudn - 54 57.41 42 80.95 25.00 44 45.45 62.50 12.50 - 57 66.67 40 80.00 33.33 42 40.48 10 60.00 12.50 - 84 88.10 16 68.75 49 51.02 62.50 Ky thuat trgt 14 21 - So lirgng tham gia (hp) 85.71 - Ty If dp dung (%) 90.48 Ky thuat ch3n nuoi - So lir(;mg tham gia (hp) 12 23 91.67 95.65 -Tyl4dp dung (%) Ky thuat trong, ch3m s6c v4 bSo v? riing - So lirgng tham gia (hp) 30 100.00 -Tyle dp dung(%) 100.00 - Bang Thu nhap ciia hg g;ia dinh ngudi Dao nSm 2010 T6ngthu (l.OOOd) Nhom ho Nguon thu Hp giau-kha ' (n=35) Hp trung binh (n=100) Ho ngheo (n =60) Trdng lua 3,080.00 3,285,00 3.098.00 Chan nuoi 4.157.00 3,434,00 3.356.00 Tr6ng rau 720.00 935.00 1,868,00 Trong mau 3,052.00 3.406,00 2,887.00 Trong cay an qua cay cong nghiep cay canh 3.500.00 2.700.00 2.000,00 9.008.70 5.594,00 2.198,00 29.042,00 9,060.00 - Rijng va san pham tii riing T!VI-DV Khac Thu nhdp hinh qudn hg/ndm Thu nhap binh quan/ngir&i/lhdng 2.286.00 3.351.00 406.00 54.845,70 31.765,00 15.813.00 1.464,90 792,54 337,88 177 Vii Thi Hdi Anh vd Dtg 87(11): 175- 180 Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE Bang Khdi lugng cor tg viec gia dinh ma nam va ntr ngudi Dao dam nhan Chi tieu Ho giau- kha (n=35) Nam Nu Ho trung bi nh(n=100) Ho ngheo (n=60) Nam A'M- Nam Nir Nau com 45,71 54.29 34.00 66.00 21,67 78,33 Chg bua 37,14 62.86 34,00 66,00 18.33 81,67 Lay rau 48,57 51.43 47.00 53,00 25.00 75.00 Ve sinh giat giu 45.71 54.29 31,00 69,00 21,67 78,33 Cham soc cai 37,14 62,86 30.00 70,00 20,00 80.00 Day hoc 42.86 57,14 28,00 72,00 18,33 81.67 (Dan vi tinh: %) Trong hogt ddng chdm sdc sire khoe gia dinh vd nudi dgy cdi Mot so giai phap nham nang cao vai tro phu nir Dao xoa doi giam ngheo Nhii'ng cdng viec ndi trg, cham sdc sire khde gia dinh va nudi day cai phy nir it dugc sy chia se tir nam gidi, hg phai ty minh lo toan mgi cdng viec tir sang den tdi nao xong mdi nghi Day la mdt khdi lugng cdng viec rat Idn khdng dugc tra cdng ma tdn rat nhieu thdi gian, chinh vi the ma thdi gian cham sdc ban than ciing nhu giai tri ddi vdi hg la rat it Gidm gdnh ngng cdng viec gia dinh vd sdn xudt Trong viec binh dn ddn sd Cdng tac ke hoach hoa gia dinh nhirng nam gan day duge thuc hien kha tdt Ty le sinh giam cd tae dgng ldn den viec xda ddi giam ngheo d nhieu khia canh: nhu cAu ve luong thye giam; giam ap lyc len tai nguyen mdi trudng; kha nang lao ddng cua phu nO tang len; phu nir se cd nhieu ca hgi ban dd tham gia vao cac Idp tap huan de nang cao nang lyc eiing nhu kha nang giao ti8p; sire khoe dugc nang len hg se phat huy dugc vai trd ciia minh mgi ITnh vyc Trong cdng tdc xd hgi Cd tdi 47,22% sd hd tra ldi cac ba me di hgp phy huynh cho Dieu dd the hien rSng ngudi phu nir khdng chi lo com an ao mac cho gia dinh ma hg cdn cd vai trd quan trgng viec hge tap eua cai Phu ntr tham gia cae cugc hgp ban ve san xu4t chiem ty le tuong ddi cao 52,78% Hgi phy nir hgat dgng rat manh cd tdi 97,22%o chj em tham gia sd nhtrng hd dugc hdi 17S - Ddi vai nguai ddn: Phy nang de tim dugc sy chia se viec gia dinh va san xuat tir hien phan cdng hgp Iy, rd viec mdi hg nir can hge ky ganh nang cdng nam gidi Thye rang cac cdng - Ddi vai chinh quyen dia phuang: Tuyen truyen van ddng de nam gidi chia se cac cdng viec vdi phu ntr, khuyen khich xay dyng cac md hinh gia dinh cd nam gidi lam ndi trg, phd bien va nhan rgng khap thdn, xa Quang ba tu tudng tien bg, xoa bd quan niem phu nir chi la ngudi ngi trg Td chirc cac budi ndi chuyen ve van de gidi cho ngudi Dao, khuyen khich nam gidi tham gia Tdng cirdng khd ndng tiep can cdc ngudn lire Tiep can vdn, ky ndng qudn ly vd sir dung vdn - Ddi vai nguai ddn: Can sir dung vdn theo dung muc dich va hieu qua De dat dugc dieu thi phy ntr can phai dugc binh ding mgi quyet djnh ve tai chinh gia dinh - Ddi vdi chinh quyen dia phuang: Viec chg vay von phai ket hgp vdi tap huan d§ nang cao kha nang quan ly von va hach toan chi tieu, uu tien phy ntr dugc tham gia Tiep can khoa hoc ky thuat vdo sdn xudt - Ddi vdi ngudi ddn: Nam gidi ckn tao dieu kien cho phu ntr dugc chu dgng tham gia cac lap tap huin, gap ga can bg khuyen ndng va tham gia cac md hinh trinh diln - Ddi vai chinh quyen dia phirang: Can bo tri he thong khuyen ndng cip xa hgp ly, can bd khuyen nong xa tot nhit la ngudi Dao da tdt va Thi Hdi Anh vd Dtg Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE nghiep eac trudng dai hge, cao dang, trung hge va dac biet uu tien eho ddi tugng dugc giri di bgc cir tuyen (Dai hge Ndng Lam-Thai Nguyen, Dai hge Lam nghiep-Ha Ndi), nen cd hon 40%) la nir ngudi Dao Thudng xuyen td chiic cac budi tap huan ky thuat mdi Tiep can vd hieu qud sir dung ddt dai - Ddi vdi ngudi ddn: Md rdng dien tieh ngd, khoai tren dat rugng vy, dat rugng I vy ngoai cay vy miia can trdng them ngd, lae, dd vu xuan; can dau tu trdng cay luang thye lgi the ddi vdi ngudi Dag la cay ke, eao luong (Yen Dd, Ddng Dat); trdng them cam, quyt, nhan, na, xoai, vai va che vi dat dai va hau d day rat phii hgp vdi cay trdng (Yen Ninh) Tang dien tich trdng cay que, hdi, tram, sau, dac biet la cay san de cung cap cho cac nha may che bien nhien lieu sinh hge Ethangl (Phu Thg) - Ddi vdi chinh quyen dia phuang: Tang cudng cua he thdng khuyen ndng va hoan thien he thdng thuy lgi, dam bao 100%) dien tieh dat rugng dugc chii ddng nudc Tang cudng khd ndng tiep can vdi gido due, y te, phdp lugt vd dich vu chdm sdc sire khoe - Ddi vdt ngudi ddn: Can nhan thue rd tam quan trgng cua viec nang eao trinh bgc van chg phu nir va tre em gai, tao dieu kien eho tre em gai dugc den trudng dac biet la d cap hge eao Ngoai ra, phy nu' can dugc tham gia tich cyc vao cac Idp phd cap Trong vudn gia dinh nen trdng nhieu loai rau, eay an qua, thuc day viec chan nudi gia cam de cung cap thiic an dinh dudng cao Phu ntr phai ludn ludn tim hieu phap luat, khuyen bao va day chap hanh nghiem chinh phap luat, tranh xa cae te nan xa hdi - Ddi vdi chinh quyen dia phirang: Cd cae ehinh sach khuyen khich em cd tich cao bgc tap Cin md cac Idp tap huan ve dinh dudng, cham sdc sue khge sinh san, nudi con, cham sdc nhd cho phu nii: Trang bj kien thue phdng tranh thai an toan cho phu ntr va tre em vj nien i 87(11): 175- 180 dan ban viec ddng gdp y kien, lang nghe, chia se nhiing van de minh quan tam vdi nam gidi - Ddi vdi chinh quyen dia phuang: Tang cudng tuyen truyen, van ddng thdng qua phuong tien truyen ve binh dang gidi Khuyen khich phy nir len tieng bao ve quyen lgi cua minh Xod bd cdc quan niem ve gidi, phong tuc, tap qudn vd ndng cao vgi trd cdng ddng - Ddi vdi ngudi ddn: Can bgc hdi, nang cao kien thirc xa hdi Nhiet tinh tham gia cdng tac doan the nhu Hdi phu nu', hdi ndng dan - Ddi vdi chinh quyen dia phucmg: Tuyen truyen, van ddng, neu guong ngudi phy ntr san xuat gidi Tang cudng ty le chj em phu nir tham gia vao cdng tac chinh quyen KET LUAN VA KIEN NGH| Ket luan Phy ntr Dao ddng vai trd quan trgng boat ddng san xuat tao thu nhap, hg tham gia vao tat ea cac khau cdng viec, ke ea nhu'ng cdng viec nang nhgc nhung quyen quyet djnh lai thudc ve nam gidi La ngudi tryc tiep lam eae khau cdng viee nen neu dugc tiep thu khoa hge ky thuat hg se ap dyng tdt hon Hg cd vai trd quan trgng cham sdc sire khoe gia dinh va nudi day eon cai Ngoai ea hdi kilm soat von tin dung, quyen quyet djnh gia dinh, quan niem phong tuc tap quan anh hudng rat Idn den viee nang cao vai trd phy ntr Dao Kien nghj * Ddi vdi ngudi ddn - Phai nhan thire dung dan xda ddi giam ngheo khdng chi la trach nhiem ciia chj em phu ntr ma phai cd sy nd lyc ty giac vuon len ciia ehinh ban than cae vien gia dinh - Thye hien phan cdng hgp ly theo gidi gia dinh Tao dieu kien tdt ban de chj em phu ntr tiep can duge vdi eac ngudn lyc Tang quyen quyet dinh gia dinh * Ddi vdi chinh quyen dia phucmg - Ddi vdi ngirdi ddn: Phu nir can bgc hdi, nang cao kien thirc va ky nang sdng Manh - Tang cudng cdng tac tuyen truyen ve vai trd phu nu va cac van de ve gidi i 179 Vu Thi Hdi Anh vd Dtg Tap chf KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 87( 11): 175 - 180 - Quan ly dgi ngQ can bd la ngudi dan tdc TAI LIEU THAM KHAO thieu sd; de xuit y kien vk chinh sach dao tao, bdi dudng va su dung can bd d dja phuong [i] BO Kg hoach Diu tu (2010), "Bdo cdo muc tiiu phdt triin thien niin ky 2010" - Thuc hien quan ly, giam sat, kilm tra cac [2] Chi cue thdng ke huyen Phu Luang (2008-' - • *^ u ' J- • 20m, "Bdo cdo thudng nlin 2008, 2009, 2010", nguon von dau tu eho eac vung dan toe va , „• > • i -?, xi ; , D huyen Phu Luang tinh Thai Nguyen ™'^" " " ' ' [3] Tdng cue thdng ke (2010), "Kit qud khdo sdt - Nam tinh hinh kinh te xa hgi, tam tu, muc sdng hd gta dinh Viet Nam ndm 2010" nguyen vgng eua ddng bao dan tdc thieu sd va bao cao cap tren theo quy djnh • i, SUMMARY DAO WOMEN'S ROLE IN POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN PHU LUONG DISTRICT, THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE Vu Thi Hai Anh', Bui Dinh Hoa, Ha Viet Long, Dang Thi Thai, Tran Cuong College of Agriculture and Forestry -TNU The Dao ethnic minority in Phu Luong district Thai Nguyen province plays an important role in the activity of agriculture and forestry, housework, parenting and child care The poorer women are, the more work hard However, they not have the right of economic control and other decisions in their family Strengthening the efficiency for the production of agriculture and forestry; approaching to sources such as loans, land, scientific and technological advances, knowledge of agriculture, forestry, etc; accessing to education, health, law, health care services; the right decisions in the family; especially the erasement of opinions about gender, customs, creating the opportunity to participate in community management and reduce the burden of housework for the Dao ethnic minority in Phu Luong district Thai Nguyen province which are the critical solutions Key words: The role, Dao ethnic minority women, the poverty-alleviation movement, Phu Luong, Thai Nguyen ' Tel: 0916 633066 Email: haianhtuaf@yahoo.com.vn 180 ... djnh eiia nam gidi Vai tro cua phu nir dan toe Dao xoa doi giam ngheo 6' Phii Lu'ong Trong hogt ddng sdn xudt ndng ldm nghiep Nhdm hd trung binh va hd ngheo ty le nir dan tdc Dao phai lam tat ca... cua cdng tac truyen thdng cua dja phuong, vi the vai trd cua phu nu' Dao khdng dugc coi trgng Bang Tinh hinh tiep nhan tien bg ky thuat cua ngudi Dao san xuat nong lam nghiep Nh6m hg Ky thuat du'Q'c... 57,14 28,00 72,00 18,33 81.67 (Dan vi tinh: %) Trong hogt ddng chdm sdc sire khoe gia dinh vd nudi dgy cdi Mot so giai phap nham nang cao vai tro phu nir Dao xoa doi giam ngheo Nhii'ng cdng viec ndi