Thực trạng và giải pháp phát triển kinh tế cho các hộ nông dân bị thu hồi đất để phát triển khu công nghiệp của xã điềm thụy, huyện phú bình, tỉnh thái nguyên

Hd Luang Xinh vd Dtg Tap chf KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE 138(08): 107- 115 T H l / C TRANG VA GIAI PHAP PHAT TRIEN KINH TE C H O CAC H Q NONG DAN BI THU H O I DAT B E PHAT TRIEN KHU CONG N G H I E P CUA XA B I E M THUY, HUYl^N PHU BINH, TINH THAI NGUYEN nh Luong Xinh', Lun Thj Thiiy Linh, Biii Thj Thanh Tdm, Nguyin Manh Thing, Pham Thi Tuylt Trudng Dai hoc Nong Ldm - DH Thai Nguyen TOM T A T Qud trinh thu hdi ddt dfi xdy dyng vd phdt frien cdc khu cdng nghiep la mpt qud trinh tdt ylu ddi vdi cac dia phuong vdi muc dich cflng nghifp hda va dd thj hda Thu hfli dit dl xdy dyng cdc khu cdng nghifp dd Idm thay ddi dien mgo ciia cdc vimg ndng thfln ve vific Idm, thu nhdp, an ninh xd hpi Difiu ndy dd ldm anh hudng rit ldn din su phdt triln kinh tfi cac hd sau bj thu hdi dit ndng nghifp vi hp dd mit tu lieu sdn xuat Djnh hudng phdt triln kinh tl ddi vdi hp sau bj thu hdi dit dl xdy dyn^ cdc khu cdng nghifp tren dja ban xd Dilm Thuy huyfin Phu Binh tinh Thdi Nguyfin Id vin dl cin thilt va cdp bdch hien nhim giup cho kinh tfi hd sau thu hdi ddt ndng nghifp phatftninben vQng TiJ' khda: Thu hdi ddt, Nong nghiip, Khu cdng nghiep Diim Thuy Phu Binh,- Thdi Nguyin DAT VAN DE Nudc ta dang budc vao giai dogn diy manh cdng nghiep hda - hien dgi hda ddt nudc theo dudng ldi phdt trien kinh te - xa hdi ciia Dang ta, sy hinh cac khu cdng nghiep (KCN) mdi va md rpng cac khu cdng nghifp hifn cd Id mdt xu hudng tat yfu Tinh Thai Nguyfn cung khdng ndm ngoai quy luat chung, nhung nam gdn day tinh hinh phat trien kinh te xa hdi cua tinh Thdi Nguyen da vd dang cd nhieu chuyen bien tieh cue, thu nhap eiia ngudi ddn duge ndng cao, nhu cdu vl ddi sdng vat chat cung nhu tinh than va cdc dich vy khac cung ngdy eang eao, qua frinh cdng nghifp hda tinh dang dien kha manh me Khu edng nghifp Dilm Thyy thugc Huyfn Phii Binh tinh Thai Nguyen dugc chpn Id mdt nhdng KCN trgng diem de phdt frien ciia tinh Chinh vi vdy qua trinh thu hdi dat diln khd mgnh me, qua trinh da lam thay ddi kha mgnh me din kinh tl hp ndng ddn Vdi mong mudn ddnh gid thye frang va dua mgt sd giai phap phdt trien kinh te hd ndng ddn sau thu hdi dit gdp phdn thiic day phat triln kinh tl hd tren dja ban xa Diem Thyy huyfn Phu Binh tinh Thai Nguyen, chung tdi dd chgn nghien cuu dl tai "Thirc trang vd gidi phdp phdt triin kinh ie cho cdc hp ndng ddn bi thu hdi dat di phdt triin khu cong nghiep cda xd Biem Thuy - huyen Phu Binh -tinh Thdi Nguyin" PHUONG P H A P NGHIEN CUU VA THCil GIAN NGHIEN CUtJ Phuong phap nghien cdu Ngoai nguon sd lieu thu cap duge thu thap qua cdc cdc tdi lieu, bdo cdo eiia dia phuong td cdc phdng, ban cd lien quan ciia xa Dilm Thyy, Ban quan ly dy an khu cdng nghifp huyen Phii Binh tinb Thai Nguyfn, chung tdi cdn tien hanh dieu fra 60 hd ndng dan thudc cac thdn tren dia ban xa da bj thu hdi dat de xdy dyng cdc khu cdng nghipp De tdi cdn sd dung cac phucmg pbap phan tich CO bdn nhu phuong phdp thdng ke kinh te, phuong phdp chuyen gia, chuyen khdo, phuang phap so sanh vd mpt sd phuang phap khac ciing dugc su dung nghien ciru ndy Thdi gian nghien cdu De tai duge tien hdnh ngbien cdu tu thang nam 2014 din thang 12 nam 2014 KET QUA v A T H A O L U A N Tinh den 31 thang 10 nam 2013 tren dja bdn xa Diem Thuy huyen Phu Binh cd KCN dien ticb 250ha dd KCN Dilm Thyy I cd difn tich 170ha dang qua frinh kiem Tel: 0986 962349 Email, luongxinh84@gmail.com 107 Hd Luong Xinh vd Dtg Tgp chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE ke vd tbu hdi dat eho eac hd ndng dan, cd 35 hg bi thu hdi ddt KCN Diem Thuy ed dien tich 180ha frong dd ed 427 hg bj thu hdi ddt Xa Diem Thyy cd xdm cd xdm thudc du an thu bdi dat la xdm Diem Thuy, xdm Binh vd xdm Trung Vi vdy chung tdi sd dyng phuang phap.dieu tra theo bdng hdi dieu tra 60 hd bj thu hdi ddt fren xdm bi anh hudng thu hdi dat Mpt so dac diem ciia bg bi thu hoi dat Dong nghiep Tren dja bdn xa Dien Thuy cd tdng sd hd la 2022 (theo thdng ke cua uy ban nban ddn xa) sd hd bj anh hudng eua qua trinh thu hdi ddt de xdy dyng cae khu edng nghiep la 462 hd chiem_ 22,84%i tdng sd hp tap trung d xdm: xdm Diem Thyy, Binh va Trung Theo tong hpp sd lieu dieu fra thi dien tich ddt bj thu hoi frung binh la 408,76 m^/hg; hg bj thu hdi nhieu nhit Id 400 m^ va hd bj thu hdi it nhdt la 080 m^; sd chenh Ifch kha Idn gida cac hd Dien tfch dat bi thu hdi cd anh hudng rdt Idn den kinh te hp Cd nhieu hp da bi thu hdi 100%o dien tich ddt ndng nghifp dieu bupc hg phdi chuyen doi toan bd qud trinh sinh ke sau thu hdi dat 138(08): 107-115 Do tudi eua cae cbii hd tnmg binh la 51,98 tuoi, tre nhit la 27 tuoi vd cao tudi nhat la 76 tuoi Nhan khdu ngudi eung cd dd chenh Ifch kha eao td thdp nhdt la ngudi den eao nhit la 11 ngudi; trung binh mdi hg cd khoang 4,9 ngudi Nhu vay trung binh sd khau tren hp la khd cao Day eung la co hpi vd cung la thdch thuc eho eae hp bj thu hdi dat Co hpi dl tdng thu nhdp cho gia dinh gia dinh chuyin tu lam ndng sang lam nganh nghi khac, nhung cung Id thach thdc vi Iao dgng can phdi cd frinh Vdi nhirng ngudi Idn tudi thi vipc kbd Id khd khan, vol nhifng ngudi ddn thuin ndng bg da qua quen vdi vifc Iam rugng nen kbi chuyin sang lam nghe khde thdi quen hg chua thich dng dugc Trinh dp vdn hda eung la yeu td het sue quan trgng, tdng 60 hd dieu tra thi so ndm di hpc cua chu ndng hp trung binh la 7/10 Co nhttng chii hd khdng di hgc, nhifn so lugng kha it, cd nhiing hp hpc hit Idp 12 day la nhiing ehd hd fre Bien ddng thu nh^p cua cac h$ dan trud'c va sau thuhoi dat Bang 3.1: Ddc diem cua hd vd diin tich ddt bi thu hdi Di^n tfch thu hdi (m^) Di|n tich c6n lai (m^) Tufii cOa chu h5(tuSi) Nhan khau (nguxii) Trinh dg via h6a (ldn) Trung binh 408,76 854,39 Gid trj nho nhit Gid trj 16'n nhit 400 3252,2 4,9 7/10 (Ngudn: Tdng hap tir sd li?u dieu tra) Bdng 3.2: Bien ddng ve ngudn thu nhgp cda cdc hd ndng ddn hi thu hdi ddt sdn xudt Dan vi tinh: tri^u ddng Tru-d-c thu hdi dii Thu nhap binh quan/hg/nam Trong d6: Tir liim rugng Tir chin nuoi Tir lam cong nhan Tit thu khac Thu nhiip binh uan/khau/nam 35.934 Sau thu h6i dit 65.745 Chfnh Ifch 29.811 4.297 9.255 4,900 17.500 7.333 1.580 8.223 20.800 35.142 13.41 -2,717 -1,032 15,900 17.642 6.08 (Ngudn: Tdng hap tie sd li4u diiu tra) Ho Luang Xinh vd Dtg Tgp chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 138(08): 107-115 Bang so lieu 3.2 thi bifn ro dugc tinh binh thu nhap eua eac hp ndng trudc va sau bj thu hdi dit Ta ed tbi thdy duge thu nhgp binh qudn mpt nam ciia hg ndng dan tang Ien sau bi thu hdi dit, trudc bj thu hdi dit bg ndng thu nhap binh quan mpt ndm ban 35 trieu ddng/ hg; sau bj thu hdi ddt hd ndng thu nhdp binh qudn mpt nam hon 65 frieu dong/ bp (tang Ifn hon 29 frieu ddng) Thu nhap cua hd,tang thi thu nhgp cua timg ngudi cung tang Trudc bj thu bdi dat thu nhgp binh quan cua m^t ngudi Id 7,33 trieu dong/ ndm; sau bi thu hdi ddt tbu nhap binh quan ciia mgt ngudi la 13,41 frifu ddng/ nam; tdng 6,08 trieu ddng cd the thdy so cho ta thay vipc thu bdi dat anh hudng tich cyc den thu nhgp ciia ngudi dan, Sau bi thu hdt dat ngudi ddn mit tu lifu san xuat nen nghi chinh eua hp khgng phai la lam ndng nghipp ma hp chuyin d6i eac nghfjihu lam dich vy, thg xdy, lam tai cae KCN, Cd hai ngudn thu thay ddi nhieu nhat doTa" thu tu lam cdng nhdn vd edc khodn thu khac Ngudn thu nbap sau bj tbu !idi dat tu lam edng nhan tang ten gdp ldn so >'di frudc bi thu hdi ddt (td 4,9 trifu ddng/hg/ndm tdng ten 20,8 frieu dong/hg/nam) Cae khoan thu khae sau bj thu hdi ddt cung tdng len dd ta cd the thdy dat rugng mat di ngudi dan can tim cdng viec nao dd de kiem them thu nhdp hg dung tien den bd de dau tu vao kinh doanh budn ban (nhu ban dien thoai, lam ddu, xay sdt ggo, cat tdc, van tdi, sda xe, phu cho dam eudi, nau rugu ); ngodi cdc khu cdng nghiep dang dugc hinh thdnh va xay dyng nen sd ngudi di lam phu hd, xdy dyng cho cae cdng trinh cung khdng nhd; cd ngudi chuyen sang Idi xe, di lam thg mde, xe dm ; cdn ed nhirng hd ed ngudi di xuat khdu lao ddng Ta thdy ring trude bj thu hdi ddt thu nhgp td lam rugng khoang 4,297 trifu ddng/hg/ndm; nhung sau bj thu hdi ddt sd ndy gidm xudng edn 1,58 trieu ddng/hp/ndm dit bi thu hdi hdu hit Id ddt rupng nen cac hp ddn ldm rupng it di Viec thu hdrd§tT:d-4rilijTudmgJdn^en_dc^ sdng cQng nhu cdng viee cua ngudi dan dja phuang, vi ngudi dan d day chii yeu la lam ndng nghifp, hifu ddt sdn xudt giam vi vay hp phai tim mdt cdng vipc mdi giup nudi sdng ban than va gia dinh SuLthay doi^iec lam cua ngirdi dan Bdng 3.3 : 5(f thay ddi viic hn cua ngudi ndng ddn bi thu hdi ddt Vi^c l^m Nghe nghi£p m6i ciia cdc thfinh vien hg MiicdO nhanh chdng cd vi£c liim Su' thav doi vi^c lim C6 thay d6i Khong thay ddi I Chin nu6i Budn bin kinh doanh nhd Cdng nhan bao v^ Lam thg thdi vu: xSy mdc bdc v a c Tliu gom phe lieu Dich vu (nia xe xay sat g^ci.clttoc.) Nghe khic Tim dugc vi?c lam Sau thing Tir dan thing Tir thing den nim Sau nim S6 h5 N - 60 47 13 21 12 15 17 17 Tjier/c) 78,33 21,67 10,73 13.37 37.25 19.60 3.92 10.60 4,53 25,00 12.50 4.20 29.20 29,10 (Ngudn: Tdng hap lirsd 11^ dieu tra) Hd Luang Xinh vd Dtg 138(08): 107-115 Tap chf KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE Ket qud phdng vdn ndng hd bj thu hoi dat cho thay, cd den 78,33%) / tdng sd hd dieu fra cd sy thay ddi viec lam sau bj thu hdi ddt Nghe nghiep mdi ma eac vien hd chii yeu chuyen ddi sau bj thu hdi dat la djch vy Trong cae nghe mdi, nghe dugc lya chpn nhieu nhat la cdng nhdn, xu hudng cdng nghiep hda hipn dai hda cac khu cdng nghiep bat dau mpc len, ngudi dan dang cdn tim vifc lam, cd den 37,25%i chuyin sang lam tai cac nhd may xi nghipp, khu cdng nghifp Tuy nhien theo ket qua dieu fra hau het lao ddng tgi ddy khdng lam tai eac KCN d dja phuong Thdi gian ma lao ddng ciia hg tim dugc cdng viec khoang tu thang din hon nam (chiem 58,3%o) Nguyen nhdn la mdt so cac cdng viec ddi hdi trinh nhu cdng nhan, lam cdc nhd mdy thi can phai cd trinh dp thip nhit la ldp 12 hodc phai cd chdng chi nghe Vi vdy hpe phai qua cac Idp dao tao nghe ma chinh quyen xa hodc cac cdng ty md de ddo tao cho ngudi dan, nen phai mgt thdi gian sau hg mdi cd the di tim dugc viec lam chiem 16,7%) Cdch sir dung tien den bii cua cdc hp dieu tra Sau cac hd ndng ddn nhan dugc tien din bu thi hgc da ed nhiing kl hoach cho cac khoan ehi tieu Sd lieu bang 3.4 thi hifn cac hd ndng dan hdu hit sd diing tiln den bu vao cac viec nhu xay nha, sda nha, chua bfnh, cho di hgc, tii ng, mua xe Ngodi hg cdn dimg tiln ddu tu vao viec khac de kiem them Igi nhudn nhu; gui tiln vdo ngan hang, dau tu vao kinh doanh, ddu tu vao ehan nudi, Hdu hit cac gia dinh deu cd nhd hoac dang di hgc, nen viee dau tu cho di hpc cung la vin de quan trpng ciia cac hp ndng (cd 24 sd hd dilu fra diing tiln dB nudi di hge) Sau eac hp bi thu hdi dit, vin de ehuyin sang vife lam khac la dieu can thiet va cap bach phdi tim liic nay; nhung vdi cdng viec mdi hg ddi hdi phai cd trinh ma cac hp dan d xd chu ylu deu la thudn ndng vi vdy cd mpt bd phdn ngudi dan {26,7% sd hp difu fra) dung tien de dau tu vao viec hpc nghe Hdu hit cac hg ndng dan diu vay tiln dl Iam an khdng cd vdn, nen cd tien den bii hp da cd the fra dugc het ng, khdng phai lo cac khoan ng chdng chat hay cac khoan lai cao di vay ngoai Bang 3.4: Phdn bo cdc muc dich chi tieu cua cdc hd bi thu hdi ddt Muc dich sir dung tifin den bii So ho N = 60 56 Xay nha, sua nhd 46 Mua xe 52 Gui ngan hang 24 Nudi di hpc 14 Dau tu hoc nghfi Trdng Khac (Nguon: Tong hap til so lieu dieu tra) Bang 3.5: TTiirc trang ho trp gidi quyet on dinh dai song tit cdc cdp chinh quyen vd doanh nghiip doi vol cdc ho nong ddn bi thu hoi ddi Chi tieu Tdng sd ho dieu tra - Sd hg dugc iru tien giai quyet lao ddng vao doanh nghigp tai chd tren dia ban xa - S6 hd dU0C hd tra bing tien dn dinh san xuat va ddi sdng - Sd hd duac vay vdn uu dai Tdng sd lao ddng cua cac hd dieu tra - Sd lao ddng duac lam tai KCN - Sd lao ddng duac tu vln vide lam - Sd lao ddng duac ho tra dao tao nghe Don vi Hd SL 60 Tyle(%) 100 Hd Hd Hd Ngudi Ngudi Ngudi Ngudi 60 45 207 150 128 3.33 100 75,00 100 2,34 72,46 61.84 , iJ (Ngudn: Tong hap tir sd lieu diiu tra) Hd Luang Xinh vd Dtg Tgp chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 138(08): 107- Vai tro cua chinh quyen, doanh nghiep va cac to chirc xa h$i tac dpng den hg bi thu hoi dat nd gdp pban nang cao nhdn thuc, hipu qua kinh tl sdn xuit ndng nghiep ciia hd ndng dan Anh hudng tieu eye De chudn bi cho cdng tae thu hdi va giai phdng mat bdng, cae doanh nghifp va ehinh quyen dja pbucmg da ban bae vd di din thong nhdt cac phuong an din bii, hd trg, Vdi cae chfnh saeh cua chfnh quyin dja phuong eiing vdi sy hd frg eiia eae doanh nghifp, sd h$ duge hd trg bang tien on djnh san xuat va ddi sdng la 60 hg (100%o) Tuy nhien sd hg dugc uu tifn giai quyet lao ddng vao doanh nghipp tren dia ban rdt hilm, chi cd hg dugc giai quylt lao ddng vao cac doanh nghifp tren dja ban (chiem 3,33%) Do cae doanh nghipp tren dia ban deu tuyen edng nhdn cd bang tdt nghiep tmng hpc pbd thdng trd Ifn vd tiiy timg vj fri cdn ddi hdi trinh dg cao hon (nhu bdng nghe, chiing ehi dao tgo nghe ) Sd Iao dpng duge lam tgi khu edng nghiep chi chilm 1,45% tdng sd hg dilu tra Do khdng dap ung du cac yeu cdu eua eac doanh nghiep, nhd may, cdc khu edng nghiep Sau bi thu hdi dat, mdt ddt sdn xuat nen nhu cdu tim vifc la rdt ldn, ngudi ddn lgi chua hieu bilt nen so lao dpng dugc tu vdn viec lam la rit nhilu 150 ngudi (ehiem 12,46% tong sd lao dpng ciia cae hd dilu tra) Do frinh dp cdn thdp, cung khdng cd tay nghi nen sd lao dpng dugc ho trg ddo tgo nghi eung chilm 61,84%i tdng sd lao dpng ciia cac hp dieu fra (128 ngudi) Anh hirdng cua khu cdng nghiep den ddi $6ng nong hg Anh hir&ng tieh circ Ngodi Ngodi nhdng dnh hudng tfch cyc nhu pban tich d tren thi sy phdt frien cae KCN cdn cd tac dpng xiu din ddj song kinh te - xa h^i ciia hg ndng dan dja phuong - QuJ dat ndng nghifp bj thu hep din lam quy md sdn xudt nhd lgi, qua frinh KCN dien cdc khu thi, khu cdng nghifp , cac tuyln dudng lien tinh ten tilp dugc xdy dyng fren dja ban xa Dilm Thyy, hdu nhu liy dit ndng nghiep - Phdn ldn lao dpng ndng nghipp ehuyen sang lam phi ndng nghifp qud trinh xdy dyng cac khu edng nghifp Nhieu ndng dan nhat Id ting ldp nien da di chuyin sang khu vyc khde lam giam Iao dgng ndng nghifp Nhu vay, nlu xet rieng d ITnh vyc sdn xuat ndng nghiep, sy giam bdt lao dpng ndng nghifp se gdy khd khan cho sdn xudt, dae bift la vdo thdi gian chinh vu Xay dyng vd phdt triln cac KCN Id mpt xu hudng tdt yeu cbo sy phat frien eua mdi dja phuang, nhung nhdng mdt tich cyc eua nd chi thyc sy phat huy mgt each hieu qud chiing ta ddng bg thyc hien d cac giai doan ciia qua trinh dya tren sy bo fri vd quy hogeh tdng thi phii hgp, ban chl dugc nhdng tac d^ng tieu cyc tu viec xdy dyng cac KCN GlAl P H A P CHO TiNH HINH P H A T TRIEN KINH TE H O NONG DAN Bi THU HOI D A T TAI XA DIEM THUY HUY$N PHU BINH TINH T H A I NGUYEN Bk timg budc phat triln kinh tl hd ndng dan bj thu hoi ddt qua trinh phat triln khu edng nghiep tren dia ban xa Diem Thyy, chiing ta cdn dira mdt so giai phdp sau: Giai phap chung Vi chinh sdch - Cdc KCN di vao hogt dgng se gdp phdn tgo nhieu vife lam cho ngudi dan, gdp phan ndng cao ddi sdng ca ve vgt chat vd tinh than, thlic ddy cdng nghiep ndng thdn eang phdt friln Ddy la co hdi tot md ehinh quyen va ngudi dan dja phuong cdn phai tan dyng - Md rgng quy md, chdt lugng cua he thdng CO sd hg tang, nang cao trinh dp vdn hda cho ngudi ddn Nhu vgy, dnh hudng tich cyc ciia KCN din ddi song kinh tl xa hgi hg ndng ddn Id rdt ton, Qua cac phdn tich tren eho thiy, mpt nhihig vin 6B ndi len sau thu hdi dat ciia ndng hd dd la tinh frgng cd nhilu ngudi lao ddng mit vife lam va khdng dn djnh cupc sdng, nhu khdng cd viec dl lam, vifc lam III Ho Luong Xinh vd Dig Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE khdng phil hgp (cd vifc Idm nhung trinh do, sue khde, tudi tae, tfnh ky ludt ciia ngudi lao ddng chua dap iing dugc dugc yeu edu ciia cdng viec), cd vifc lam nhung ngudi lao dgng khdng chap nhan lam lao ddng vdt va, thu nhdp thdp Song, nguyen nhan chii yeu deu chita cd sy ehuan bi tdt ve kha ndng tim kiem vife ldm frudc Nha nudc thu hdi dat Chiing ta deu biet rang, thu hdi dat de chuyen ddi myc dich sd dung nhu fren la rdt can thiet, nhung Nha nudc phdi dam bdo cupc sdng Idu dai ciia ngudi dan cd ddt bi thu hdi Phdi gidi quyet tdt Igi fch ciia ng^di ddn va coi dd la gde re cho sy edng eiia chu truang thu hoi dat chuyen ddi muc dich, thiic day phat frien Cac cdp chinh quyen dia phuong can thyc hien tdt vifc quy hogch sd dyng ddt, cac chinh sdch ve den bii vd gidi phdng mat bang cua nhd nudc, nhat qudn td vipc giai tda va bdi thudng cung nhu cac phuang an tai san xudt cho ndng hg bdi vi ndng hd la ddi tugng de bi tdn thuong ca ve mat vgt chdt vd mgt tinh than Td chdc didng tin, tuyen tmyen ve chu fruang thu hdi dat de ngudi dan chii ddng hgc nghe, chuyen nghe vd ty tao vifc Iam cho minh Ra sodt lai quy hoach sd dyng dat ndng nghifp, dieu chinh quy hogch dat ndng nghiep gdn vdi kl hoach day nghi, tgo vifc lam; gdn ke hogeh phdt frien doanh nghiep cdng nghipp va djch vy vdi ke hoach tuyen lao dpng tgi chd, trudc het cho nien de cd kl hoach dao tgo hg phii hgp vdi nganh nghe vd co cdu lao ddng ciia doanh nghiep Khac phuc tinh frang "quy hoach treo", dat da bi thu hdi nhung khdng frien khai dy an theo dung tien dd, hodc ehii dau tu nhan ddt nhung khdng triln khai xdy dyng dan den dan mdt ddt khdng cd viec lam, frong dd ddt canh tae thi bd trdng Kien quyet loai bd tinh frang mpt sd ngudi lgi dyng quy hogch de liy ddt ciia ndng dan de dau eo bat ddng san hoac bd tri cdc dy an khdng kha thi Dja phuang phai coi trgng giai quyet viec lam va dn djnh cho cdc ndng hd mat ddt mdt each 112 138(08): 107-115 cy thi va ddc biet phai tao dieu kien khdi nghiep cho eac ndng hd vay vdn im dai dac bift thdng qua ngan hang chinh sdch; kem theo tu vdn va sd dyng vdn mdt cdch phii hgp Phai cd quy djnh bdng ludt phap va chinh saeh ve frach nhiem dao tao, chuyin ddi nghi, tao vipc lam mdi ddi vdi ngudi cd dat bi thu hdi Coi dd la van de kinb te, chinh trj va xa hdi hang ddu ma chinh quyin cin giai quyet chu khdng phdi dl ngudi dan ty lo Tang cudng cdng tae thdng' tin tuyen fruyln, giao dye, cdng tac can bg va tang eudng vai frd ciia chinh quyen eac cap frong viec tao viec lam va dn djnb ddi song eho ngudi ddn bi thu hdi ddt Cdn lam cho ngudi dan hilu ro sy can thiet va y nghia quan trgng ciia viec thu hdi dat ddi vdi sy phat frien kinh te - xd hgi de hp hudng ung tich cyc chu truang ciia Dang va Nhd nudc Chinh quyen dia phuong nen tgo dieu kien thuan Igi de nong hp ty chuyen ddi nganh nghe trudc chuyen ddi sd dyng dat ndng nghifp nham dn djnh cugc sdng ndng hd Nen lap cac quy dgy nghi cho ngudi Iao ddng, cac nhdm tuong frg kinh doanh, cac nhdm tai ehinh vi md giup ndng hg sd dyng tien ciia minh hgp ly hon Cac CO quan chinh quyen doan the d dja phuang can td chue cdc Idp dao tgo ndng dan vl ky nang Idm vifc, ky nang iing phd vdi riii ro vd tim viec lam tai dia phuong Qua phan tich ta thdy sd ndng hd tiep can va dugc vay vdn td cdc ngudn uu dai la kha thap, do chinh quyin cdn tao dieu kien de hp tiep can vdi cae ngudn vdn nay, dong thdi hudng hp vao each ldm cd hifu qua vd ddng vdn thyc sy sinh Idi Doi v&i ndng ho nhdn duac tiin din bii - Dung mdt phin nhd dB diu tu, sda sang, mua sdm vat dung, tien nghi toi thilu cho cudc sdng, khdng nen dung hit tiln vao nhiing vipc nay, nen diu tu lau dai se tdt han - Tang tbem mdt phdn ddu tu cho hgc hanh cua cai va phai thudng xuyen kilm tra Hfl Lucmg Xinh vd Dig Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE gidm satvifc hgc hanh eiia cdi minh - Toan bg sd tien cdn lai gdi ngan hang (neu kbdng cd khd nang kinh doanh chdc chan ebo lgi nhugn), khdng nen dimg vao ddu tu bit dgng san Cd the diing phan lai de nang eao muc sdng Tim vifc Idm dn djnh (chip nhan muc thu nhap khdng cao) de franh trudng hpp "nhan eu vi bdt thien" Khi cai trudng ciing tim viec hoac hudng ddn tim viec ngay, trdnh de d nha qua lau Tranh tinh trgng thda lao dpng - Mdt nguy ca ma cdc cdp chinh quyen cin quan tam keo de bj dy dd vdo cac frd Ida dao nhu cae trd chai dau tu tai ehinh ma thai gian vua qua ndi len rat nhieu vy eiing vdi ngudi tham gia la ndng dan nguyen nhan Id trinh dg hieu bilt hgn chl Cdn phai phat hipn dB phap lugt trdng trj va cd nhdng bifn phdp tdt nhdt, de ngudi dan khdng phai vj mac Ida xong rdi hp phai chju nhdng hau qua khdng hay Giai phap cho tdng nhom ho Nhiing h^ cdn difn tfch ddt thi nen tilp tye dau tu cho hogt dpng san xuit ndng nghiep ben cgnh cde hoat dgng kinh doanh djch vy, d|c dilm ciia khu vyc bj thu hdi dit la bfn canh difn tfch ddt canh tac hai vy thi cd cd difn tich trdng cdy cae loai rau qua rdt tdt, hd cd the trdng rau cung cap cho khu cdng nghiep hogc trdng cac logi hoa vd eay canh Mpt djeh vy khdng thi thilu tgi cac khu cdng nghiep tap trung dd la cho thue nha frg, cac hg can tinh toan va can nhdc de xay dyng nhd cho thue thu lgi tranh lang phf, ddng thdi giu gin an ninh frat ty d khu vyc Cac hd cd sd vien gia dinh it hem, dp tudi frung blnh tre han, ed khoan tien den bii va hd trg ta Idn hon vay quan tam den cdc hd cac hogt ddng ddu tu dl hudng dan va khuyen khich hg tham gia vdo cac hoat dgng diu tu lanh manh va sinh idi chdc chdn Vi la nhdng gia dinh tre nen hg chua ed nhilu kinh nghiem frong cudc sdng, nhat la mdi bdt ddu phdi lo nght khdng chi cho rieng ban thdn minh md cdn phai nghT cho ca gia dinh tuong lai cua cac con, viec 138(08): 107-115 cd the gdy dp lyc khien hg khdng biet phdi lam kinh te nhu the nao Can ehinh quyen dja phuang quan tam hg trg tu van nhieu ban Cd dugc khoan tien hd frg, neu dau tu lam kinb te tai dja phuong khdng mang tfnh kha thi cao thi cac lao ddng du thua cd the diing sd tien tim den cae edng ty xudt khdu lao ddng tin egy df tim each lam viec tai nudc ngoai theo dudng xudt khdu lao dpng, nhu vdy gid fri kinh tl mang lgi se cao han vd lao ddng cung hpc hdi dugc tac phong lam vife tdt ban tu nudc ngoai Cac hd cd nhieu dat san xuat ndng nghiep hon so nhung hd khac ben canh viec tiep tuc san xudt ndng nghiep thi can tham gia cde hoat dgng diu tu sinh ldi chdc chan thf dy md cda hang an, xay nha trg, phat trien djch vy, franh bd dat de di lam cdc cdng viec khac gay ldng phi tdi nguyen cho ban thdn vd nhd nudc Dia phuong can cd chinh sach hd frg san xudt ndng nghiep vdi eac hd nay, ben cgnh dd thi tu van nen phdt trien ngdnh nghe phii hgp, trdng cdy gi, nudi gi cho hieu qua va ddp dng nhu ciu tai dia phuong cung nhu cac dig phuong lan can Hd trg hgc phi cho cae lao ddng thudc ddi tupng hi thu hoi trfn 30%o dien tich dit ndng nghiep theo nghj djnh sd 64CP ciia Chinh Phii dl thu hut hg tham gia ddng dao vao cac khod ddo tao nghi + Ngoai cdn cd giai phdp hd trg vdn cho cac hp de hp chuyen sang kinh doanh, san xuit nganh nghe khde thay the nghe cu, tgo dilu kien thuan lgi cho bg ddng ky kinh doanh nganh nghi mdi KET LUAN Viec xay dyng va phat triln khu cdng nghifp tai xa Dilm Thyy - huypn Phu Binh - tinh Thai Nguyen la mdt ehu truong diing dan eiia Dang, Nhd nudc va cac cap chi'nh quyen dja phuong Vipc thu hdi ddt da tae dpng manh me din chuyin djch co cdu kinh te eua xa theo hudng tich cyc Qua trinh phat friln khu cdng nghifp fren dja ban xa Diem Thuy mdi 113 Ho Luong Xinh vd Dtg Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE ehi la budc ddu xd>' dyng khu cdng nghiep de thu hut dau tu san xudt cac san pham cdng nghifp cua cae nba mdy, cbu chua thuc sy la qua trinh phat trien khu cdng nghiep dien tren toan dien tren cac ITnh vyc va eae khu vyc kinh te, xa hgi Qua frinh trinh can ed thdi gian de ed the boan mgt each tdt nhdt, can phai td hoan tbien nd, day la budc di tbay ddi bd mat kinh te cua xa va phat trifn kinh te hd ben virng KIEN NGHI De giai bai todn kinh te xa hgi qua trinh phdt trien khu cdng nghiep can phdi cd ke hogch, chfnh sach tao mdi quan he tdt giua Nha nudc, doanh nghiep va cdc hd gia dinh, dya fren ket qua nghien edu tdi xin dua mdt sd kien nghi sau: Doi vdi cac cap chinh quyen d dia phuong - Cdn cd chien luge cdng nghiep hda cu the, phil hgp, franh lay dat san xudt tgi cdc khu vyc dang cho ndng sudt tdt - Khi cd ke hoach ldy ddt tgi khu vyc ndo cho xdy dyng khu cdng nghiep can ban bac thao luan vdi nhan ddn de tim cac phuang an giai quyet phii hgp - Khuyen khich thdnh lap cac td nhdm giup lam giau, cdc hogt dgng tuong trg kinh doanh nhd Dae biet can quan tam tu vdn each su dung tien den bii vd tiep can cac ngudn vdn - Hd trg thda dang ehuyen ddi nghe nghipp cho ngudi ddn tbeo ndng Iuc vd dac diem cua dja phuong Md rdng cac chuong trinh khuyen ndng, khuyen cdng, khuyen ngu giiip nhan dan ed tu mdi dp dung vdo cudc sdng - Md rdng cac chuong trinh khuyen ndng, khuyen cdng nhdm ndng cao kien tbue khoa hgc ky thuat cho ngudi dan ndi chung va ngudi ndng dan mat ddt ndi rieng, tiing budc dp dung tien bg khoa hge ky thuat vao san xuat Doi vdi cac doanh nghiep tren dia ban Cac doanh nghiep tren dia ban cdn thyc hipn ldi hda vdi dan trudc thu hdi dat va uu tien cac ddi tugng bj mdt dit, ddng thdi cung cdp thdng tin minb bach ve nhu eau vd yeu cau tuyen dung lao ddng cua minh Cdn dua cdc mdc luong tdt nhat cbo cdng 114 138(08): 107-115 nhan, sd tien ma hg nhgn duge phai phii hpp vdi nhiing gi hg lam Tranh tinh trgng cdng nhan bd vifc giii' chimg luong qua thap cdng viec Iai vdt va Cd luong thudng cho nhung cdng nhan lam viee tdt, vife cung ddng vien tinh thin rit nhieu, giiip edng nhan cd thil lam vifc han Cac nha may dd xdy dyng xong cdn di vao hoat ddng ngay, trdnh tinh trang dl khdng, khdng hoat dgng Doi vdi ndng hg Can chudn bj tdm ly sdn sdng dng vdi cae nii ro ve cde ngudn lyc ciia minh va chu ddng chuyen ddi nghe nghifp; on djnh gia dinh, chii tdm vdo cae hogt dpng phat trien kinh tl vil tao dieu kien hge hdnh cho chdu - Nang cao y thuc trdch nhiem cpng ding viec xay dyng, phdt trien kinh te, van hda d noi minh sinh sdng, ddc bift quan tam den d nhilm mdi trudng, cdn tgp trung sir dung cae ngudn lyc hifu qua TAI LI$U THAM KHAO Ddo Thi Tuin (1997), Gido tr'inh kinh te Ap ndng ddn, Nxb Chlnh trj Quflc gia Dfl Quang Qu^ (2019), Gido trinh Kinh le Ndng nghiep, Trudng DHNL Thdi Nguyen ' Hodng Vdn Djnh, VQ Vdn Thdng (2002) Gido trinh kinh ti phdt trien nong thon Nxb Thflng kfi, HdNdi Chinh phii, Nghj djnh sd 197/2004/ND-CP 03/12/2014 cua Chinh phii vfi bfli thudng, ho trg va tai djnh cu Nha nudc thu hli dat vi mgc dich an ninh, quflc phdng, lgi fch qudc gia, lpi ich cdng cflng (2004) Chinh phii, Nghi djnh sfl 69/2009/ND-CP ngdy 13/08/2009 vl quy hogch su dyng ddt, gia ddt, thu hdi ddt, bdi thudng hd trp tdi dinh cu, 2009 Tap chi cdng sdn 9/2009 Thu tudng chinh phu (2007), Quylt dinh phe duyet quy hoach tflng thi phdt triln kinh te xd hfli Iinh Thdi Nguyen din ndm 2020, Thii tirdng Chinh phu UBND Tinh Thdi Nguyen (2008), Quyfit djnh vfi viec thu hdi, gjao dit cho UBND huyfn Phii Binh dJ sd dung vdo muc dich xay dyng KCN tren dja b^ huyfin Phli Binii, Phdng ndi vu TP Thdi Nguyen UBND xd Dilm Thuy (2014) Thdng kf tinh hinh sd dung dat cua xd 10.hitp //www.ncseifgov vn/sites/en/pages/tinhhin hthuhoidatcua-nd-7986 html Hfl Luong Xinh vd Dtg Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE 138(08): 107 - 115 SUMMARY REALITY AND SOLUTIONS FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT FARMERS ACQUIRED LAND FOR DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT DIEM THUY, PHU BINH DISTRICT, THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE Ho Luong Xinh", Luu Thi Thuy Linh, Bui Thi Thanh Tam, Nguyen Manh Thang, Pham Thi Tuyet College ofAgriculture and Forestry - TNU The process of land acquisition for the construction and development of industrial parks is an inevitable process for local authorities for the purpose of industrialization and urbanization This has greatly influenced the economic development of the household after recovery of agricultural land because they have lost the means of production To come up with the situation and a number of solutions to the economic development of household after land acquisition for the construction of industrial parks in the commune, Phu Binh Diem Thuy district Thai Nguyen province is a matter for current and urgent to help the household economy after recovery of agricultural land for sustainable development Keywords: Land Acquisition Agriculture, Industrial Park Diem Thuy Phu Bmh, Thai Nguyen Ngdy nhgn bdi:20/3/2015: Ngdy phdn bi4n:02/4/2015; Ngdy duyet ddng: 30/7/2015 Pban biin khoa hoc: PGS TS Duang Vdn San ~ Trudng Dgi hgc Ndng Ldm - DHTN Tel: 0986 962349 Emad: luongxinh84@gmail.com ... trinh khuyen ndng, khuyen cdng, khuyen ngu giiip nhan dan ed tu mdi dp dung vdo cudc sdng - Md rdng cac chuong trinh khuyen ndng, khuyen cdng nhdm ndng cao kien tbue khoa hgc ky thuat cho ngudi... tinh binh thu nhap eua eac hp ndng trudc va sau bj thu hdi dit Ta ed tbi thdy duge thu nhgp binh qudn mpt nam ciia hg ndng dan tang Ien sau bi thu hdi dit, trudc bj thu hdi dit bg ndng thu nhap... sau bj thu hdi ddt hd ndng thu nhdp binh qudn mpt nam hon 65 frieu dong/ bp (tang Ifn hon 29 frieu ddng) Thu nhap cua hd,tang thi thu nhgp cua timg ngudi cung tang Trudc bj thu bdi dat thu nhgp