NGHIEN CUU - TRAO DOI >l^ A ^ GIAO DUC NGHE NGHIEP TRIIIlC THEM CONGflONOAOEAN TS.VuXuanHiing fm trudng Vien Nghien cilu Khoa hoc dgy nghe, fong cue Dgy nghe Tom tat Bai viet trinh bay nhQng nghien cQu ve ca hpi va thach thac dang dat ddi vdi giao due nghe nghiep qua trinh hdi nhap ASEAN Nhieu ca hdi cho giao due nghe nghiep phat trien, nhang cung tiem an nhieu thach thac Nhang khd khan, thach thdc cua giao due nghe nghiep xuat phat ta chinh ban than nhang ban che yeu kem cua nhan life lao ddng Viet Nam Tren ca sd phan tich, nhang ca hpi va thach thac, bai viet da neu nen nhOng giai phap de tan dung ca hdi, vaat qua thach thac daa giao due nghe nghiep Viet Nam hdi nhap sau rdng vdi giao due nghe nghiep cua cac nadc khu vac gay 22/11/2015, khudn khd Hdi nghj cap cao ASEAN lan tha 27 cac nha lanh dao ASEAN da ky Tuyen bd Kuala Lumpur 2015 ve"Thanh lap Cpng ddng ASEAN"vao 31/12/2015 Sli kien chinh thac cdng bd vdi the gidi ve sii hinh Cpng ddng ASEAN 2015, tiiu to ldn ciia qua trinh lien ket va hpi nhap ASEAN sudt gan naa the ky qua N Vdi viec hinh Cpng ddng ASEAN, giao due nghe nghiep cung nha nhieu ITnh viic khac d Viet Nam se cd nhieu ca hdi thuan lpi hon de phat trien nhang ddng thdi cung phai duang dau vdi nhieu khd khan thach thac qua trinh hdi nhap vdi cac nadc khu vac mang lai Do vay, de phat trien can phai cd nhOng giai phap de tan dung ca hpi, vUOt qua thach thac, daa giao due nghe nghiep Viet Nam hdi nhap dapc vdi cac nadc khu viic Cpng dong ASEAN - Cof hoi de phat trien giao due nghe nghiep Muc tieu tdng quat ciia Cpng ddng ASEAN la xay diing Hiep hdi cac qudc gia Ddng Nam A mpt td chac hpp tac lien Chinh phii lien ket sau rpng hon va rang budc han tren ca sd phap ly la Hien chaang ASEAN Cong ddng ASEAN se dapc hinh diia tren tru cdt la Cdng ddng Chinh trj - An ninh (APSC), Cdng ddng Kinh te (AEC) va Cpng ddng Van hda - Xa hdi (ASCC) Cdng ddng AEC bao gdm 10 qudc gia vdi dan sd hon 620 trieu ngUdi, 300 trieu ngadi tham gia life lapng lao ddng Ba qudc gia cd sd lao ddng chiem ty trpng han 70% la Indonesia (40%), Philippines (16%) va Viet Nam (15%) Theo dii bao ciia Td chac Lao dpng qudc te (ILO), tham gia Cpng ddng ASEAN, sd viec lam cua Viet Nam se tang len 14,5% vao nam 2025 Cpng ddng AEC nham muc tieu tao mdt thj tradng chung nhat va ca sd san xua't thdng nhat, cd sii lUu chuyen t i i cua hang hda, dich vu, dau ta, vdn va lao dpng qua dao tao, ta nang cao tinh canh tranh va thuc day Sli thjnh vapng chung cho ca khu viic; tao sii hap dan vdi dau ta, kinh doanh ta ben ngoai Viec lao dpng qua dao tao dapc di chuyen t i i se thdng qua cac thda thuan cdng nhan lan (Mutual Recognition Arrangements - MRAs) Den nay, ASEAN da cd thda thuan linh viic nganh nghe (tac la cd nganh nghe dUdc tii di chuye'n) gdm: Djch vu ky thuat, dieu dadng, kien true, khao sat, y khoa, nha khoa, ke toan va du ljch Cung theo cac thda thuan, nhan liic chat lapng cao (cac chuyen gia, thp lanh nghe), cd nhan liic dapc dao tao chuyen mdn hoac cd trinh dp ta dai hpc trd len, thdng thao ngoai ngQ, dac biet la tieng Anh, dapc di chuyen tii han[1] Nha vay, vdi viec hinh Cpng ddng ASEAN se cd rat nhieu ca hpi de giao due nghe nghiep Viet Nam phat trien Ngadi hpc cd nhieu co hdi han han hpc tap, tiep can vdi cac chaang trinh dao tao tien tie'n cua nadc ngoai va de dang hon viec tim kie'm So 28+29 thang +2/2016 KHoA HOC D A Y NGHE [5] NGHIEN CUU - TRAO DOI viec lam sau qua trinh hpc tap, bdi thj tradng lao ddng khdng chi la thj tradng nadc ma cdn ca thi tradng cua rdng Idn khu viic ASEAN Kem theo dd, van bang, chang chi sau qua trinh dao tao ciia ngadi hpc cung dapc cdng nhan d cac nadc khu viic, tao dieu kien de' de dang dapc cdng nhan bdi cac nadc khac tren the gidl Ngoai ra, Cdng ddng ASEAN se tao nhieu ca hdi viec hop tac lan glQa cac ca sd giao due nghe nghiep; ca hdi hpc tap, bdi dadng, trao ddi nang cao trinh dp cho dpi ngu nha giao vh can bd quan ly giao due nghe nghiep; se cd them nhieu ngudn liic dau ta nadc ngoai vao ITnh viic giao due nghe nghiep v.v Tuy nhien, co hdi se chi la ly thuyet neu khdng biet tan dung, nam bat ca hdi, bie'n cP hdi thiic tien Co hdi la van de mang tinh khach quan, khdng phu thudc vao y mudn chii quan ciia ngadi Vi vay, viec bien co hdi thiic tien khdng phai mudn la dapc Bleu quan trpng de nam bat ca hpi la phai biet dapc thach thac, vapt qua dapc thach thac NhCrng han che cua nhan JiTc lao dong Viet Nam -Thach thufc doi vdi giao due nghe nghiep La nadc dang tha ba Cdng ddng ASEAN ve ty le liic lUpng lao dpng, mdt ye'u td quan trpng qua trinh canh tranh, nhang liic lapng lao ddng Viet Nam cdn rat nhieu han che Theo sd lieu cua Bp Lao ddng -Thuang binh va Xa hdi vaTdng cucThdng ke[4], quy md liic lapng lao ddng Quy II nam 2015 dat 53,71 trieu ngadi, dd lac lapng lao dpng da qua dao tao cd van bang, chang chi chi chiem 20,6% Neu tinh theo each tinh ciia Bd Lao ddng- ThUPng binh va Xa hpi, lao ddng qua dao tao nghe gdm ca day nghe chinh quy day nghe thadng xuyen, dapc td ehdc tai cac ca sd day nghe, co sd giao due cd tham gia day nghe, tai cac doanh nghiep, lang nghe va day nghe ciia cac td chile, cii nhan khac dat 38,5% Theo danh gia ciia Ngan hang The gidi (WB), Viet nam dang rat thieu lao ddng cd trinh dp tay nghe, cdng nhan ky thuat bac cao Phan Idn ngadi Sli dung lao ddng ndi rang tuyen dung lao dpng la cdng viec khd khan vi cac ang vien khdng cd ky nang phu hpp, hoac vi sii khan hie'm ngudi lao ddng mdt sd nganh nghe cu the)[6] Ve chat lapng ngudn nhan liic, neu lay thang die'm 10 thi Viet Nam chi dat 3,79 diem; xep tha 11/12 nadc chau A tham gia xep hang cua WB Trong do, Han Qudc dat 6,91; An Dp, Malaysia vaThai Lan lan laot dat 5,76; 5,59 va 4,94 Ket qua khao sat cac chii sQ dung lao ddng tai 10 qudc gia ASEAN doTd chQc Lao ddng qudcte (ILO) thiic hien cung cho tha'y[3], doanh nghiep khdi ASEAN hien dang rat lo ngai ve tinh hinh thieu hut liic lapng lao ddng cd tay nghe va ky nang trade sii ddi ciia Cdng ddng Kinh te ASEAN vao nam 2015; gan 50% chu sd dung lao ddng khdi ASEAN cudc khao sat cho biet, ngadi lao ddng td't nghiep phd thdng khdng cd ddpc ky nang hp can; cd nhan tdt nghiep dai hpc cd dapc nhffng ky nang cd ieh nhang cung chaa dap Qng dapc nhu cau cua doanh nghiep (ca ve sd lapng va ehat lapng) Cung theo dii bao cua ILO, trinh dp phat trien khdng ddng deu, nen hien nay, lao ddng cd tay nghe va ky nang cao khdi ASEAN ehu yeu di chuyen vao thi tradng Singapore, Malaysia va Thai Lan Cdn lai, hau het cac lao ddng di chuyen pham vi ASEAN la lao ddng trtnh dp ky nang thap hoac khdng cd ky nang Ben canh chat lapng lao ddng, ca cau nhan life lao ddng cua Viet Nam cung nhieu bat cap Idn va cd nguy co cang gia tang bat cap Tinh den Quy 11/2015, CO cau trinh dp cua nhan life lao dong Viet Nam la: 01 dai hpc trd len - 0,35 cao dang 0,65 Trung cap - 0,4 so ca'p[4] (Hinh 1) Trong dd, theo quy luat nhQng ngadi lao ddng tnic tiep (trinh dp TC, SC) phai nhieu han rat nhieu lan so vdi lao ddng gian tiep (DH) Hinh Col cau trinh nhan liTc lao dong-2015 (Nguon: Bp LB-TB&XH va Tong cue Thong ke) Vl ty le lao ddng qua dao tao thap nen la mdt nhdng ly dan den nang suat lao [6] KHoA HOC D A Y NGHE So 28+29 thang +2/2016 NGHIEN CUU - TRAO DOI ddng thap Theo danh gia cua ILO cdng bd nam 2014, nang suat cua lao ddng Viet Nam thudc nhdm thap d Chau A - Thai Binh Dapng va d ASEAN: Chi bang 1/15 so vdi Singapore; bang 1/5 Malaysia va 2/5 Thai Lan[3], chaa ke so sanh vdi nang xuat lao ddng cua Nhat Ban, Han Qudc, Australia, An Dp, Newzealand la nhQng ddi tac da cd cac hiep dinh quan trpng vdi ASEAN Ngoai ra, sii chuan bj kien thac, ky nang va thai dp cung nha trang thai tam ly de sSn sang di chuyen sang lam viec tai cac nadc ASEAN chaa cao.Theo cac chuyen gia Ngan hangThe gidi (WB), Sli chuan bj kien thac, ky nang; thai dp va tam ly de sin sang di chuyen sang lam viec tai cac nadc ASEAN cua lao ddng Viet Nam la chaa cao Chi xet ve dao tao ngoai ngad Viet Nam, ke cac phd ldn, rat it lao ddng Viet Nam hpc ngdn nga cua cac nadc ASEAN nha Thai Lan, Lao, Campuchia Ve kha nang sQ dung tieng Anh, thi sinh Viet Nam cd diem trung binh 5,78 (theo thang diem td - 9), thupc nhdm trung binh thap; dang sau Malaysia (6,64), Philippines (6,53), Indonesia (5,97) NhQng han che, nhQng yeu kem ciia ngudn nhan liic la mdt nhQng nhan td chu yeu anh hadng den nang liic canh tranh cua nen kinh te Theo Dien dan kinh te the gidi (WEF), nam 2015 Viet Nam xep thQ 56/144 qudc gia va vung lanh thd tham gia xep hang, so vdi nam 2014 da tang 12 bac nhang van thap sau Thai Lan, Philipine, Indonexia, Malaixia)[6] Theo danh gia, dao tao va giao due dai hpc van la nhQng yeu td yeu kem nhieu nam ciia Viet Nam (hTinh 2) IHinh Bieu cac yeu td xep hang nang life canh tranh cua Viet Nam so vdfi cac nirdc ASEAN tfnMatm irtrastrucU'e BtBoess soptis&csnn ^ < ^ W^ Uartcosee Msowcwmc BMronmert l>i^ readness X ^ ^ ^ r HeaWiand educahon ^ ^ ^ ardharmg Goods rralel Cd the ndi, nhQng han che cua nhan liic lao ddng Viet Nam neu tren dang trd ganh nang, nhQng thach thQc ddi vdi giao due nghe nghiep, bdi chQc nang, nhiem vu ciia giao due nghe nghiep chinh la dao tao nhan life lao ddng cho qudc gia Cung chinh vi the, ddi hdi giao due nghe nghiep phai no life, cd nhQng giai phap, hadng di phu hop cho giai doan tdi de hdi nhap sau rpng vao Cdng ddng ASEAN Giai phap hoi nhap giao due nghe nghiep De giai quyet nhang han che ve nhan liic lao ddng dap ang yeu cau hpi nhap, thiic hien Quyet djnh sd 2448/QD-TTg 16 thang 12 nam 2013 ciia Thii tadng Chinh phii ve phe duyet De an Hdi nhap qudc te ve giao due va day nghe den nam 2020, Bd Lao ddng - ThUPng binh va Xa hdi dang chua'n bi xay diing Ke hoach thiic hien De an vdi mdt sd nhiem vu, giai phap nha sau: ThQ nhdt, Xay dung the che, ca che, chinh sdch phdt trien gido due nghe nghiep phu hop vdi xu the hdi nhap - Ky ket cac hiep djnh cdng nhan van bang, chuyen ddi tin chl va ky nang nghe giQa Viet Nam vdi cac qudc gia khu viic ASEAN; - Xay diing co che, chfnh sach nham khuyen khich thu hiit dau tU; md rdng quyen t i i chu ciia cac cP sd day nghe; ay diing ca che, chinh sach nham day manh xa hpi hda cac boat dpng day nghe dap Qng yeu cau hdi nhap qudc te; khuyen khich cac doanh nghiep, cac td chac va ngoai nadc tham gia dao tao, bdi dadng nhan life dat tieu chuan qudc te; - Day manh cai each thu tuc hanh chinh ITnh viic day nghe, tao mdi tradng thuan Ipi de cac nha dau ta nadc, nUdc ngoai tham gia dao tao nghe ThQ hai, hoan thien quy hoach mang lUdi ca sd gido due nghe nghiep dehdi nhpp qudc te Tai cau tnic lai mang ladi ca sd day nghe; soat, danh gia lai tien dp hdi nhap cua 45 tradng da dapc djnh hadng tap trung dau tathanh tradng chat lapng cao va cac tradng dapc quy hoach cac nghe trpng diem cap dp ASEAN, qudc te; seat cac nghe cap dp ASEAN va qudc te da dapc quy hoach cac tradng trung cap va cao dang devetapmeff ijtxxnayet - O - Vtenam ThQ ba, trien khai dp dung Khung trinh dp qudc gia Trien khai ap dung khung trinh dp qudc gia theo Khung tham chieu ASEAN da dapc phe effioency - O - EmergngandOeveiapngAsa j cX So 28+29 thang +2/2016 K H O A HOC D A Y NGHE [7] NGHIEN CUU - TRAO DOI thiic hien ITnh viic Du Ijch, sau dd tiep den cac nghe Cdng nghe d td, Han, Cdng nghe thdng tin, Xay diing v.v ); duyet; xay diing cac chuan dau theo Khung trinh dp qudc gia cd tham chieu cac tieu chua'n nang liic ciia cac nadc khu viic va qudc te Thiic day sii hinh va phat tnen cua he thdng chuyen ddi tin chi, thiic hien cdng nhan van bang va chuyen ddi tin chi giQa cac nadc khu viic ASEAN va the gidi; - Tich Clic tham gia cac hoat ddng thi tay nghe ASEAN va the gidi; Thi diem va nhan rdng cac chaong trinh chuyen giao theo chuan qudc te; - Xay diing tieu chuan ky nang nghe qudc gia va dapc cac qudc gia khu viic cdng nhan; thiic hien danh gia ky nang va cdng nhan ky nang nghe giQa Viet Nam vdi cac nadc khu viic ASEAN + Kiem djnh, cdng nhan cac dieu kien dam bao chat lapng dao tao theo chua'n ciia cac nudc chuyen giao (chua'n chaang trtnh, chuan giao vien, chua'n co sd vat chat, thiet bi; chuan tieng Anh ciia ca giao vien va hpc sinh); ThQ tQ, nang cao chdt iQpng day nghe, tiep can cdc chudn khu vUc va the gidi - Odi mdi chaang trinh dao tao tiep can trinh dp tien tien ciia cac nadc phat trten khu viic va tren the gidi; nang cao nang life dpi ngu nha giao, nhat la nang liic chuyen mdn, sU pham va ngoai ngQ theo chua'n qudcte; - Tang cUdng dao tao tieng Anh cac cP sd day nghe bao dam cho ngadi hpc nghe cd kha nang giao tiep qua trtnh lam viec; sinh vien tdt nghiep chaang trtnh chat lapng cao cd kha nang lam viec tai cac nadc khu viic ASEAN va the gidi; xay diing cac chaong trinh dao tao tieng Anh chuyen nganh va mdt sd ngoai ngO ciia cac dan tpc khac khu viic ASEAN; ang dung cdng nghe thdng tin quan ly va hoat ddng dao tao nghe; Tang cadng kiem dinh chat lapng day nghe theo chuan khu viic va qudc te, khuyen khich cac cO sdday nghe thiic hien kiem djnh tradng va chaang trinh bdi td chQc kiem dinh qudc te cd uy tin; - Xay diing ke hoach td chac thiic hien dao tao cac ITnh viic ITnh viic nghe nghiep da dapc ASEAN thda thuan cdng nhan (Nha khoa, Dieu dadng, Ky thuat, Xay diing, Ke toan va Du ljch); - Trie'n khai va ky ket cac chaang trinh hpp tac vdi cac doanh nghiep cd vdn dau ta nadc ngoai (FDD dang hoat ddng tai Viet Nam viec hd trp cac CO sd day nghe va hpc sinh, sinh vien nang cao ky nang nghe nghiep; td chac cac hpi nghj tham van vdi doanh nghiep FDI ve nhu cau sQ dung lao ddng cd ky nang nghe cao; - Liia chpn mdt sd nghe va mdt sd ddi tac de dam phan, trien khai cac hoat ddng danh gia va cdng nhan chang chi ky nang nghe (trade mat + Chuyen giao cdng nghe dao tao; td chQc dao tao thi diem theo chaang trtnh chuyen giao; + Danh gia va cap van bang chQng chi ciia nadc chuye'n giao (sinh vien dapc cap van bang: Van bang Viet Nam va ciia nadc chuyen giao); + Thiic hien nhan rdng cac bd chaong trinh chuyen giao ta sau 2018 cac tradng chat lapng cao ThQ nam, tang cUdng ngudn luc ddu tU va ngoai nudc cho day nghe Huy ddng ngudn life tai chinh de bao dam dap ang yeu cau hdi nhap qudc te ve day nghe Ngan sach nha nadc ket hpp vdi huy ddng cac ngudn vdn khac de xay diing va cung cap trang thie't bj cho cac tradng nghe dat cap dp quoc te; bao dam kinh phi de thiic hien chuye'n giao cac chaong trtnh theo cap dp khu viic, qudc te; dao tao, bdi dadng giao vien, can bp quan ly d nUdc ngoai thdng qua De an 371 da dapc Thii tUdng Chinh phli phe duyet (Quyet djnh sd 371/QB-TTg 28 thang 02 nam 2013 va Quyet djnh sd 1820/QD-TTg) - Huy dpng ngudn life tai chinh ta cac nUdc va cac td chde qudc te nham gdp phan thiic hien nhiem vu dao tao, bdi dadng, nang cao trinh dp ngudn nhan liic, bd sung trang thiet bi cho cac co sd day nghe, thiic hien trao ddi giao vien va hoc sinh, sinh vien Viet Nam vdi cac nadc; huy dpng tif cac td chac, ca nhan va ngoai nUdc cho cac hoat ddng dao tao lao ddng trinh dp cao Ngudn life tai ehinh de thiic hien Ke hoach bao gdm t d chaang trinh muc tieu, cac ngudn von ODA va cac ngudn life khac [8] K H o A HOC D A Y N G H E SO 28+29 thang 1+2/2016 (Xem tiip tmng 17) NGHIEN CUU - TRAO DOI 3.3 The hien cac kT nang cam t h u van hda, hpc thudc IQa tudi nao v.v Trong m d hinh mpi tieu chi va minh chdng ciia nang life nghe day nghe thuat dung dan 3.4.The hien hanh vi van hda, trang phuc, ngdn hpc da dapc m o ta dadi dang nang life Chang han ve dao dac nghe nghiep va van hda nghe nghiep ngQ te chinh 3.5.The hien nhan thQc dung ve cac gia trj van khdng ndi chung chung ma chi ro nang life thiic thi dao dQc nghe nghiep, nang life thiic t h i van hda dan tdc hda nghe nghiep • 4) Kf nang xa hpi Tai lieu tham khdo 4.1 KT nang nhan thdc cac quan he xa hdi 4.2 Kl nang nhan thQc va danh gia cac sii kien, hien t a p n g xa hdi Bang Thanh Hung (2012), "Nang lUc va gido due theo tiep can nang lUc", Tap chi Quan If giao due, so 43 thang 12/2012 4.3 KT nang giao tiep xa hpi nhQng hoan canh can thiet [5] Bang Thanh Hung, Tran Thj To Oanh (2014), "Ban chdt va dae diem eua ky nang xa hp/" ki 1, thang 01, Khoa 4.4 KT nang giai quyet van de xa hdi sinh cong viec hoc giao due So 100 tr 17 - 19 Bang Thanh Hung, Iran Th] To Oanh (2014), "Ban 4.5 KT nang thich Qng xa hdi thiic chdt va dge diem cua ky nang xa hoi", ki 2, thang 02, Khoa hoc giao due So 101 tr 10 - 13 hien nhiem vu [2] [3] Ket luan Tren day la m d hinh chung ciia nang liic nghe day hpc, ed the ap dung ddi vdi mpi nha giao Khi xet cac tradng hpp cu the can phai co sii m o ta chuyen biet cho thich hpp vdi mdi tradng hop Vi du vdi giao vien day Toan t h i nang life tri tue nghe nghiep va kT nang nghe nghiep phai dapc chi ro la nang life sa pham Toan va nang life toan hpc d c a p h p c n a o , nhan thac li luan va ang x d vdi ngadi Bang Thanh Hung (2013), "Kfnang day hoc va tieu chl ddnh gid"lap ehi Khoa hoc giao due, sd 88 thang 01, trang 5-9 Bang Thanh HUng (2015), "Bdn chdt eua giao tiep va ki ndng giao tiep", Tap chf Quan If giao due, so 78 thang 11/2015, trang 45-49 Bang Thanh Hung (Chu bien, 2012), Li thuyet phuong phdp dgy hpe, Nxb Bai hoc Thai Nguyen, Thai Nguyen GIAO DUC NGHE NGHIEP TRl/CfC THEM CONG DONG ASEAN Nha vay, co the tha'y Cdng ddng ASEAN vQa la co hpi, vQa la thach thQc vdi tat ca cac qudc gia vien Giao due nghe nghiep nha mpi ITnh vifc khac cua Viet Nam khong nam ngoai nhang anh hadng Vdi vai trd quan trpng dao tao nhan life lao dpng cho sii phat trien kinh te dat nadc, vdi nhQng giai phap neu tren thdi gian tdi giao due nghe nghiep chac chan se nam bat dapc ca hpi, vapt qua thach thdc, hpi nhap tdt vao Cpng ddng ASEAN, gdp phan dUa Viet Nam t r d nUdc cd the manh ve nhan life khu viic ASEAN • Tai lieu tham khao Asean (2015), ASEAN Economic Community, Website: http://www.a5ean.org/e0mmunities/ Asean (2015), Asean Framework Agreement on mutual recognition arrangements Website: http://www asean.org/communities/asean-eeonomie-eommunity/ (Tiep theo trang i ADB, ILO (2014), ASEAN Community 2015: Managing intergration for better jobs and shared prospesrity Bo LDTB&XH, Tong cue Thong ke (2015), Bdn tin cap nhdt thj trudng lao dong Viet Nam, so 6, Quy II, 2015 Bo Lao dong - Thuong binh vd Xd hgi (2015), DU thdo Ke hogch thUc hien De dn Be dn Hgi nhgp quoc teve gido due vd dgy nghe den ndm 2020 The World Bank (2014), Vietnam Development 2014,Website: http://www.worldbank.org WEF (2015), The Global Competitiveness Report 2015 - 2016, Website: http://www.weforum.org/reports/ global-eompetitiveness-report-2015-2016 Quyet dinh so 2448/QD-TTg ngdy 16 thdng 12 ndm 2013 eua Thu tudng Chinh phu ve phe duyet De dn Hgi nhgp quocte ve gido due vd dgy nghe den nam 2020 Qude hgi (2014), Ludt Gido due nghe nghiep, Nhd xudt bdn Su that Ha Ngi -So 28+29 thang +2/2016 K H o A HOC D A Y NGHE [17] ... ddng ASEAN, gdp phan dUa Viet Nam t r d nUdc cd the manh ve nhan life khu viic ASEAN • Tai lieu tham khao Asean (2015), ASEAN Economic Community, Website: http://www.a5ean.org/e0mmunities/ Asean. .. Asean (2015), Asean Framework Agreement on mutual recognition arrangements Website: http://www asean. org/communities /asean- eeonomie-eommunity/ (Tiep theo trang i ADB, ILO (2014), ASEAN Community... ddng cd tay nghe va ky nang cao khdi ASEAN ehu yeu di chuyen vao thi tradng Singapore, Malaysia va Thai Lan Cdn lai, hau het cac lao ddng di chuyen pham vi ASEAN la lao ddng trtnh dp ky nang thap