_ ^ j g l f ^ ' " ' ' "^haitg va Dig Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 152(07 1) 77 - 81 B A N H GIA T H U C TRANG NGHEO B A CHlEU TAI H U Y E N PHil L U O N G - TINH THAI N G U Y E N Nguyen Manh ThSng', Lun Thi Thuy Lmh, H6 Luo-ng Xinh, Biii Thj Thanh Tam Trudng Da, hoc Song Tdm - DH Thd, Ngayea TOM TAT ^ttlv'T,"-""^ " c * " ^' " " ' " " ' ' • ' " ''•'™!! - ™ i Ngui en cho thil ti- le n=heo da chiiu la a hl^nlihl da"c"hi?u s V ' - ' h f ' - ' ' ? ' ' ' " " " ^ " ' » " > " " ' " " * " heo hu nh1 d : dnh cEunrcda Ph 1, '^ " " * '= ° S " ° ••' " " ™ '"» tSc hd diiu tra vdi ty le ngheo tmh Chung cua Phu Luong thi ty le ngheo da chieu theo tinh loan lang ain 85 lln so vd^f-J ? ^ " i ' : ° h"'""™,? ' " " " ' • ' " '*" » ™ ™ " ''y « - " "Sheo df c T i i iang 16 lin U Tg khoa: g,™ „gi,i„, , „ ^ , „ „ g ,A ,*,&,, „«Ac„ da chk d,ch vu sd hd, co bdn lh,iu h„l dd ch.ia DATVANDE Giam nghdo bdn vUng ludn li vin d i cip thiit doi^voi mgi qudc gia, Vict Nam da dat dugc nhicu ket qui quan grim nghdo Ty le ho nghdo cua c i nugc d i giim tit tren 14,2% (nam 2010) xudng cdn 11,76% (nam 201 , 9,7% (nam 2012); 7,8% (nam 2013), 5,97% (nam 2014) v i du kiin cdn khoing 44,2% vao cudi nam 2015, binh quan ca nuoc giam 2%/nam[IJ Tuy nhien, vide i p dung nhat tieu chi thu nhap d i xic dmh ddi luong hd ngheo, can ngheo da din din su phin loai ddi tuang chua thuc su chinh xic, mil khic, chuan ngheo hidn hinh chua d i p ung duac day du cic nhu ciu co ban, lai duoc tri c i giai doan diiu kien chi so gii tieu dung (CPI) hing nam diu tang, dan den gii tri chuin nghdo khdng cdn phu hop, khdng d i p ling duoc nhu ciu bio miic sdng tdi Ihicu ciia ngudi dan(5], Thtrc li hien g nhieu dia phuong cd nhiiu hd din thudc dien ngheo khdng mudn thoit nghdo Cac chinh sich giim nghdo bing cich hd trg da dan tdi lam l.i trdng chd, y lai cda mdt bd phan ngudi din Ngudi ngheo khdng mudn thoat ngheo, dd la mot nghich ly Do ludng nghdo khdng chl bang thu nhap, chl lidu mi — — — let 0,1, , „„ r„,ad „„„l,a„gi,.,!3,,g„adc,„„ • V ,C ba, kha nang Hep can mot each ddn" thdi iir, lugng thgc, nhi d, giao due, chim sdc site khde va cic mire sdng xa hdi khic, c i cac chi bao phi vat chit Tdng hda cic chi bio niy phiin anh chit lugng cudc sing(2] Chuin ngheo da chiiu da dugc i p dung g nhiiu nudc trdn thi gidi (J Vidt Nam, nghdo da chiiu bit diu dggc ap dung tir 2016, Ngiy 19 thing 11 nam 2015 thu tudng Chinh phu ,1a quyit dmh sd 59/2015/QD-TTg vi vide ban hinh chuin nghdo tiip can da chiiu ap dimg cho giai doan 2016-2020 Dinh gii ngheo da chidu ta khdng nhirng dinh gni dugc nghdo theo Hdu chi l i thu nhip ma cdn danh gii duac ngheo vd tidp can cic dich vu xa hdi co bin nhu tiip can vdi giio due y ti nhi o diiu kien sdng, u i p can Ihdng tin , Phuang phip ludng ngheo da chiiu i p dung se khic phuc duoc nhgng han c h i lirdiig nghdo bing thu nhip vdn da bdc Id nhimg diim j i u bdi canh thay ddi co ca" ktnh ti la dd thi hda vgi nhimg thich thirc v i khdi lugng ldm ddi tugng can ngheo v i cic i i n d i dd lhi mgi phat smh Nghidn cuu dinh gii thuc irang nghdo da chiiu di tim nhung Id hdng u d c i p duno chuin ngheo da chiiu, tg dd cd nhirng di x°uit giai phap hoan thidn chinh sich va giai phip giim nghdo bdh vimg la viec lim cin ihiil 77 \cu> 6n Manh Thang ^ a Dig Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE \ I DUNG PHUONG PH.4P NGHIEN CUli Doi tiTffng Dghiln ciru Nhifng hg dan tren dia ban huven Phu Luong - Thai Nguven muc nep can cac djch vu xa hoi ca ban cua ho nhu Tiep can giao due V le, nha o dieu kien song, tiep can thong tin 152(07/1) 77 - gj ngheo da chiSu dugc thirc hien tren chi^u la giao due, y te, nha a, dieu kien song, tiep can thong tin [5] Cdc chieu, the hien quyen du^c dap ung cac nhom nhu cau ca ban, se duoi; cho diem bang tong so diem thieu bulla | QO diem T6ng di4m cua tit ca cac ehi s6 Ngi dung nghiin ciru Xac dinh ngirong Ihieu hut da chieu Xac dinh ngheo da chieu theo chuan ngheo giai doan 2016 - 2020 de \uat giai phap giam ngheo ben vung thieu hut se cong ihanh diem thieu hut chung cua ca ho KET QUA VA THAO LUAN Nguong thilu h u t da chilu Nguong thieu hut da chieu la muc Ihi^u Phirong phap nghien cihi hyt ma neu ho gia dinh thieu nhieu hem mirc Nghien ciiu duoc lien hanh tai \ a dai dien lhi bi coi la thieu hut cac nhu cau cc cho huven Phu Luomz tinh Thai Ntiuven la , , , ,.-,-' r, ,, " , „ ; « , : " ' oau Thco quEU nicm cua cac to chuc quoc ic Co Luna Donii Dat 'ien Do Moi \ a lien ^ , •: J J - L - - ,1 nauong thieu hut doi voi mot ho gia dinh la hanh lua chon \om dai dien cho \a de Ihu ~ ° , , • ^ thap lhdn» tin s a c i p Chon hd theo I,- Id phan "","' * "' ' ° " "I'™ ' " ^ " !'"' " " I™ Hlloai hd lai dia phgoria la co hd mau va Ii °^ l"*"^ '^"* " " ' ' "S™ng thieu hut da chieii 46 hd, 20 hd irung binh 44 ho can nghdo 30 '" =''" P''^' """'' B'^ "'""= "'•' ' ^ ' ' ' ^ 'I"™ ''U' hd ngheo Cac sd hdu so cip duoc thu thap '^''" '^''"''' ''''"* §'^ ^ ' I ? ' ' " "8*'=° '' i''° *«bang phidu diiu tra l i quan sil irrrc tiip v td, nhi d, didu kien sdng, tiip can thdng tin, rdng sd phiiu diiu tra li 240 phiiu luone ' ^ ° ' '^hidu ngheo duac dinh gii theo chisi ung idi 240 hd didu tra Cic s i hdu thu cap ^° ' " ™ S ' '"ng hap mirc dd thiiu hut duoc lhi duoc thn Ihap tu nam 2011 - 2015 Chl sd hidndbing I Bang I T,i„g l,irp ,auc dl, ,l„eu h„, cd, ,l,ch va xd ho, co ban caa cdc ho d,hi Ird ^'•'iriE Xho„, (lieu in thil SL (1,6) kli.i ' Thli chi SI (lio) s^„ ^^ Kiiir - 1.- 4.1 nit, *' uuo : Tone :.5(> Thic u2 chl io SQ Thieu chlsfl Thi eu4 ch Thic •u_5 chl T* le |%l SL (ho) T\ ie (%) SL (hfl) Tyle (%) SL (ho) Tv le 52 1- t5 12f>l ( 52 .45 00 ,6 13 3,1 .43 IX 13 31 55 Thieu SL 1? SL (ho) Tyl^ 00 aoo 011(1 s 67 0 00 11 [) (1(1 15 yl 13 29 55 55 27 11100 Ift 53 33 1667 67 (%) (%) (\g,u •Jn Sd lieu dieu Irai Ban•B 2, T6,l.i; hap ngudng Giii II • khii thieu h m Dm.i I chl so SL (h le can ngheo 2014 De \uat giai phap gidm ngheo ben virng Giam ngheo b£-n vung cdn phai giai quy^t duoc cae \eu to anh huong den thoat ngheo SO Ngheo Tv le (%) 100 0 So hd 88 50 36.67 20.83 62 25.83 40 16.67 Tyle (%) (Ngudn So lieu dieu tra) va tranh tai ngheo Ciing vai ap dung cac chinh sach hgp ly phai tao duoc dpng luc cho ngiroi ngheo muon thoat ngheo sii dung tot cac nguon lire, tranh tam ly Irong cha i lai Phu-ong phap lu'ang ngheo da chieu ap dung song song ca miic si3ng i6i thieu va nguong thieu hut cac nhu c^u xa hoi CO ban Do vay de giam ngheo ben viing thi can phan loai cac nhom doi tirong khac va CO chinh sach cu Ihe cho tiing nhom d6i tirang thieu hut, Doi vai nhom d6i tircrng Ihieii hut ve mirc song t6i thi^u c4n co chinh sach tru tien trg va Ihiic day phat Iri^n kmh te, nang cao mirc thu nhap ciia ho va cac vien gia dinh D6i vai nhom d6i lugng thieu hut cac nhu cau xa hgi co ban cung can phan loai va nhom nhung doi tugng CO ciing nhung chieu thieu hui gi6ng mot khu vuc nhat dinh, cac chinh saeh can tap trung de niing cao kha nang tiSp can vai cac chieu bi thi^ii hut Tang cuang cac bien phap tuyen truyen, nang cao y thuc, nh^n thirc cLia hg gia dinh viec tiep can cae nhu can xa hgi co ban D6i vai nhom ho khong bj thieu hut cac nhu c5u xa hoi co ban va CO thu nhap tren mirc sfing t6i Ihieu cung can CO chinh sach vT mo, chfnh sach pha! trien kmh te xa hoi dd tao digu kien Ihuan lai cho phat trien kinh te va tir to chirc cupc s6ng KET LUAN Ngheo da chilu la each tiep can ngheo men ciia Viel nam, Danh gm thuc trang ngheo da chieu tai Phii Luong - Thai Nguyen cho Ihly Iy le ngheo da chilu la 36,67%, ty le can ngheo la 20,83% Toan bg 100% cic hp Nguyen Manh Thing va Dig Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE ngheo va can ngheo theo thu nhap diu la hp ngheo da chilu So sanh tuang doi ty le ngheo da chieu ciia cac ho dilu tra vai ty le ngheo Iinh chung ciia Phu Luang Ehi ty le ngheo da chieu theo ti'nh toan tang gSp 3,85 lAn so voi ty le ngheo ciia Huyen nam 2014 va 5,14 lin so vai 2015 Ty le can ngheo da chilu tang 1.16 lan so vai ty le can ngheo ciia Huyen nam 2014 Co 31,67% s6 ho dilu tra thilu hut Iir chi so luong miic thilu hut cac dich vu xa hoi ca ban tra len Co 68,33 % so hp dieu tra khong bi thieu hut hoac thieu hut dirai chi s6 luang 152(07'1) 77-81 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Bo Lao dgng - Thuang bmh va \a hoi (2015) De dn chuyen doi phuang phdp tiep cdn ludng ngheo tir dan chieu sang da chiiu dp dung giai doan 2016-2020 Bo Lao dong - Thuong binh va xa hoi (2015), Tdi lieu lap hudn ddnh gid ngheo da chiiu Tran Tien Khai Ngu\en Ngoc Danh (2014), Xdc dmh cdc clu bdo luang ngheo da chieu cho ho gla dinh ndng thon Viet Nam Nien giam [h6ngke 2014 Quylt dmh 59 201 S/QD-TTg vl viec ban hanh chuan ngheo tiep can da chilu ap dung cho giai doan 2016-2020 SUMMARY ASSESSING T H E SITUATION O F M U L T I D I M E N S I O N A L P O V E R T Y IN PHU L U O N G - T H A I NGUYEN Nguyen Manh Thang', Luu Thi Thuy Linh, Ho Luong Xinh, Bul Thi Thanh Tam College of Agncullure and Foresin - TNU t"i6ZV'"or''dT "f •""";