Xã hội hóa về giới ở tầng lớp thanh niên tác nhân và ảnh hưởng (khảo sát một số nhóm sinh viên thành phố hồ chí minh

TAP CHl KHOA HOC XA HOl so (239) 2018 XA HOI HOA v e Giai O TANG LOP THANH NIEN: TAC NHAN VA ANH HUONG (Khao sat mot s nhom sinh vien T h a n h p h 1-16 Chi iVIinh) NGUVeN XUAN NGHIA' PHAM T H | KIM Y S N " TON NLf HOANG H N G ' " VU NGOC Q U V N H " " Nam 2000, chung toi da thwc hien nghien ciru ve qua trinh xa hoi hoa ve giai & tre em Hen 15 nam sau, nghien cwu dwac thwc hien v6i cung mot chij de, nhwng doi twang l Do la quan niem cua xua, 0.05) va ripa chen (X^ = 0.194; p > xa hpi nay, s y phan cong 0.05) ca hai gidi d i u co lam va khong lao dong gia dinh khong nghieng qua nhieu v l phia nu gidi Co CO s y khac biet l l m giu'a nam va nO nhung viec ma nam va nu* d i u lam Con cong viec khac g I m : n l u an, di chg, may va, sua dien nude, giat giu, nhu khoan tudng b i t I c d i u co s y khac Tuy nhien Bang cho thay viec tham biet giua nam nien va nu* gia cong viec gia dinh co khac nien Co the thIy, nhung cong viec biet tuang doi ro rang giua nam khong co s y khac biet giua nam va nO' nien va nu nien (6/10 cong viec Bang Cong viec gia dinh, ph§n theo gidi NghlSr ciru 2016 Cong viec Nam (%) Nau an Bi cho Quet dpn May va Co 14m 74 X^ P P 88 6.36 0.06 10.28 u nhung thong di^p ngon ngU vS hinh anh v l ngudi phu nO' quang c^o tren b^o viet d TPHCM" Nguyin Kien T r u d n g (chu bien), Quang cao va ngdn ngO quang cao Nxb Khoa hoc Xa hoi, 2004; Nguyen Quy Thanh vS Pham Phu-ong Mai (2004), "Su lam dung hinh anh phu nir quang cao tren truyen hinh" Tap chi Khoa hoc vi phu nCr, so 4, Hoang Ba Thinh (2012), "Mot so van de gioi vS tinh due tren bao chi d Viet Nam vao dau the ky XXI (Qua nghien cuu mat so bao in, bao dien tu)", tren http://thuviennoivu.dreamlib.vn:8080 /phamquangquye n/bitstream/123456789/606/1/52.pdf, Dgng Anh Nguyet (2012), "Dmh kien gidi cac thong diep quang c^o cua truyen thong dai chCing d Viet Nam hien nay", tren trang web cua Trung tSm Nghien cuu Gidi va Xa hoi cua Dai hoc Hoa Sen, http://gas.hoasen.edu vn/vi/gaspage/dinh-kien-gioi-trong-cac-thong-diep-quang-cao-cua-truyen-thong-dai-chung-o-nuoc-tahien-nay ^^^ N g u y i n XuSn NghTa, Nguyen Thj Hign, Tran Thi Thanh Lan (2014), Tim hiiu h$ thing gi6 tri dwqyc chuyin tai qua sach gido khoa giao due dao dO'c, giao due cong dan a bac hoc thong t^i Viet Nam hi$n nay, nghien cuu IRED (Vien Nghien cuu Giao dye vS Phat then) tSi trg, NghiSn cuu nSy chi lien quan den xa hoi hoa noi chung *^' DU lieu cua de tai duac thu thap bang ba phu'ang phap ban cau hoi (dmh luang), phong TAP CHl KHOA HQC XA HOl so (239) 2018 v i n sau (dmh tinh) va nghien cuu t u lieu Tuy nhi^n, bai v i l t nSy chu y i u dya tr6n dO lieu dinh Iugng vS nghien cuu t u liSu Do khOng gian han che cua bSi v i l t , cac du- li$u t u phong v i n sau chua d u o c si> dyng Hon nO'a, cSc phong van sau chi minh hoa cac diJ lifeu djnh lu'p'ng "^ Vdi ba phuong An tra Ic^i 1) nau Sn rat tot (co the nau cho ca gia dinh an), 2) ch? biet nau vai m6n, 3) khong b i i t nau Sn *^' a day chOng toi khOng chitim hieu quS trinh xa hOi hPa v l gidi d mSi trudng dai hgc, mS qua phong v i n sSu sinh vien cho biet anh hudng cua the^i trung hgc r i t sSu s i c vS lau d^i *^' Qua phong van s3u, phim HSn Quoc, hinh anh nam gidi d u g c u a thich phai \A manh me, CO trach nhiem, doi x u tot vdi phy nu; co gu thgi trang; gioi cong viec noi trg, ngoai hinh on NQ*: hinh dSng manh khanh, thon, co dSc trung gi d khu6n m^t; c6 ca tinh manh me, "tu minh dCfng len" (dQ' li^u tip phong van sau) '^°' Cap ty le cuoi nSy: % vA 49% kh6ng co y nghTa thong ke Co nghTa khong co khSc biet giO-a nam vS nu TAI LIEU TRiCH D A N Dang Thj A n h Nguyet 2012 "Dinh k i l n gidi cac thong diep quang cao cua truyen thong dai chung d Viet Nam hien nay" Trung tam Nghien c u u Gidi va Xa hgi, Dgi hoc Hoa Sen Truy cap t u http://gas.hoasen.edu.vn/vi/gas-page/dinh-kien-gioi-trongcac-thong-diep-quang-cao-cua-truyen-thong-dai-chung-o-nuoc-ta-hien-nay Gilligan, C [1983], 2003 In a Different Development Voice - Psychological Theory an Women's Harvard University Press Hoang Ba Thjnh 2012 "Mgt s6 v i n d l gidi va tinh due tren bao chi d Viet Nam vao d i u the ky XXI (Qua nghien c u u mot so bao in, bao dien t u " Truy cap ti> http://thu viennoivu.dreamlib.vn:8080/phamquangquyen/bitstream/123456789/606/1/52.pdf Macionis, J.J 1 Sociology, 14th ed Prentice Hall Mai Huy Bich 2013 "Gidi nh§n quan xa hgi hgc", Bui Quang Dung 2013 Xa hoi hoc Ha Noi: Nxb Khoa hoc Xa hgi Nguyen Quy Thanh, Pham P h u a n g Mai 2004 " S y lam dung hinh anh phu n u quang cao tren t r u y i n hinh" Tap chi Khoa hoc ve Phu nO: N g u y i n Xuan NghTa 2000 Qua trinh xa hoi hoa ve gioi tre em T P H C M Ban X u l t ban Dai hgc M d T P H C M Nguyen Xuan NghTa 2000 " T i n g quan c^c ly thuyet v l phat t r i i n vai tro gidi", N g u y i n Xuan NghTa 2000 Qua thnh xa hgi hoa ve giai d tr^ em T P H C M : Ban Xuat ban Dai hgc M d - Ban cong T P H C M Nguyen Xuan NghTa 2016 "Gidi, gidi tinh ti> g6c ly t h u y l t k i l n tao xa hgi" Gioivii Xa hdi, so 10 Nguyen Xuan NghTa, N g u y i n Thj Hien, Tran Thi Thanh Lan 2014 Tim hiiu he thong gid tri dwac chuyen tai qua sdch giao khoa gi^o due dao dwc giao due cong dan d bac hoc phi thong tai Vi§t Nam hien T P H C M : Vien Nghien c u u vS Phat t n l n Gi^o due (IRED) 1 Spence, J.T et al 1975 "Ratings of Self and Peers on Sex Role Attributes and Their N G U Y £ N XUAN NGHTA VA NH|£U TAC G I A - XAHQI H A V £ GIOI C ' T A N G LOP 37 Relation to Self-esteem and Conception of Masculinity and Feminity" Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, no 32 12 Stockard, J 1999 "Gender Socialization" In J.S Chafetz 1999 Handbook of the Sociology of Gender New York: KluwerAcademic/PlenumPublishers 13 Stromquist, N 2007 The Gender Socialization Process in Schools: A Cross-national Comparaison UNESCO: Education for All 14 Trin Huu Quang 2011 "Chiiu kich gidi sach giao khoa cua nin giao due thong d Viet Nam" T^p chi Khoa hoc Xa hoi, s6 5(153) 15 Tran Thi Kim Loan 1998 "Hinh anh ngudi phu nu quang cao tren bao" Tap chi Khoa hqc vi Pht^ nu-, so 16 Trin Thj Tuylt Mai 2004 "Nghien cdu nhi>ng thong diep ngon ngO v^ hinh anh quang cAo tren bao viet d TPHCM", Nguyen Kien Trudng (chu bien) 2004 Quing cdo vd ngon ngu- quang cao Ha Ngi: Nxb Khoa hgc Xa hgi 17 Turner, P.J 1995 Sex, Gender and Identity Leicester: The British Psychological Society  ... nif Cac tc chirc cc s y tham gia cua sinh vien cho b i i t ban cua minh da nien (la sinh vien) hien g i m Dean chpn nhyng nghe si Han Quoc lam Thanh nien, Hgi Thanh nien, cac cau than tygng (55%)... gidi Ngudi 16'n 28,30 Thanh nien 26,00 Tre em 25,93 Ngu'di 16'n 28,36 Thanh men 27,58 Tre em 25,93 Ngu'di Idn 26,42 Thanh nien 24,61 Tre em 23,80 Ngu'o'i ign Chi so nO tinh Thanh niSn Tre em 31,01... dap ban, 42% cho biet vai ban cua minh sinh vi cac to chirc hoat dpng tir thien, CO chpn lya va 3% khpng co chiim ty le tygng irng l i n lygt la chgn) Ty le d nam sinh vien l i n 49,3%, 26%, 5,5%