IXa hoi hoa giao due gop phan xay dung xa hoi hoc tap Ta Thi Bich Ngpc * Tdm tat: Xa hpi hoa giao due co vai tro quan trpng ttong vide xay dyng xd hpi hpc tgp, bdi vi no huy ddng sy tiiam gia cua Nha nudc va toan xa hpi bing nhieu hinh thuc vao su nghiep giao due Xay dung xa hpi hpc tap c6 nhdm hoat dpng co ban la: xoa mil chir va phd cap giao due; phat ttidn quy md va da dang hoa ndi dung, hinh thuc giao due; thyc hidn cdng bing ttong giao dgc; khuydn khich tu hpc; tang ty trpng chi ngan sach va ciing vdi huy dpng mpi ngudn lyc cho giao due Tir khda: Xa hpi hoa giao due; xa hpi hoc t^p; Viet Nam; xay dyng xa hdi hpc tap tudng Cfainh pfau phd duydt Dd an "Bay manh phong ttao hgc tgp sudt ddi troi^ gia dinh, ddng hg, cpng ddng den ndm 2020" Bdn cfait cua xay dyng xa fadi hpc tap la thyc hidn mot ndn gido due thudng xuyen cho mpi ngudi vd xac dinh trdch nhidm hpc tgp su6t ddi cua mdi cdng dan Mac du cac nha ngfaidn cftu van nhidu quan diem khac vd ngi dung, phuong phap va tidu cfai ddrtii gid, nhung cd thd cfai 05 nhom faogt dpng co bdn eiia xay dung xa fagi hge tap d Viet Nam hien nay, gom: Mdt la, xda mii chie vdphd cap gido dye Xay dung xa hoi hpc tap Xa fadi fapc tap la xd hpi d6 mpi Chuong trinh giao due thyc hidn xoa mi thdnh vidn ddu tan dung dugc mot cdcfa toi chft id cfauong trinh giao due phd tfadng cap da mpi CO fadi fapc tap ma xd fadi tgo tidu hpc faoac chuang trinh xda mu chft va ttong ca cudc ddi Xay dyng xa fapi fapc tap giao due tiep sau bidt chft Pho cap giao la mpt chii tmong ldn cua Nhd nudc Nhidu due bao gom: phd cap giao due mam ntin quan didm yd xdy dyng xd hdi fape tap da eho tte em tudi, phd cgp gido due tieu dupc tfad cfad faoa vdi cdc van bdn quy pham hpc, pfao cap gido due tnmg hpc co sd dien hmh, nfau: Quydt dinh sd 112/2005/QD Hai la, phdt triin quy md vd da dgng - TTg ngdy 18 tfaang 05 nam 2005 cua Tfau hda ngi dung, hinh thuc gido dgc Phat trien tu(!mg Cfainh pfau phd duydt Dd an "Xdy quy mo giao due bao gbm md rpng ^ao dyng xa hdi fapc tgp giai doan 2005 - 2010"; due khong chinh quy, da dgng h6a cac loai Quydt dinh s6 89/QD - TTg 09 tiiang fainh ttudng ldp; ddi mdi he thong giao due 01 ndm 2013 eua Thu tudng Chinfa pfau pfad duypt Dd dn "Xdy dyng xa fadi hgc tdp giai doan 2012 - 2020"; Quydt djnh sd 28i/QD - **' Thac sT, Truong D?ii hpc Khoa hpc xa hgi vi TTg ngdy 20 tiidng 02 ndm 2014 cua Thu Nhan van, Dai hpc Quic ^ a Hk Npi DT: 0989767672 Email: tabngoc@gmail.com Md d i u Ke tir Dd an Xdy dyng xa fadi hpc tap diu tidn dupc phd duydt bdi Quydt dinh s6 112/2005/Qb - TTg ddn nay, da co nhidu ngfaidn cdu vd cac giai phdp xay dyng xa hpifapctgp phu fapp vdi thye tien Viet Nam Bdn cgnh nhom giai phdp vd nang cao nfadn thuc, nhidu giai pfadp cu tfad da dupc tinfa tdi nfau xay dyng cdc trung tam hpc tap cpng dong, hd ttg ngudi dgy va ngudi fagc Bdi vidt pfaan ticfa vai tro cua xa fagi faoa giao dye ddi vdi vide xay dyng xafagifagctap 50 Xd hpi hda gido due heo hudng md, linh faogt, Hdn tfadng gifta tt'n dung; ddy mgnh phong trao khuyen hpc, :ae bdc hpc, trinh dp va giiia cac phuong khuyen tai ttong toan xd hgi; xdy dyng cdc hixc gido dye; da dgng boa npi dung, tai gia (finh, ddng hg, cac co quan td ehue, lipu hpc tdp, nhan manh ddo tao ky ndng, cpng ddng fapctap ldp ung yeu cdu ctia cac bgc hpc, cdc Trdn thyc te, cd 05 nfadm hogt dpng chu shuong trinh gido due, ddo tao vd nhu ciu dgo ndy ddu da dupc thycfaidnva d idiiing hpc tap sudt ddi cua mpi ngudi muc khdc nhau, deu cd nhiing dong gdp Ba Id, thgc hien cdng bdng gido ddng kd ddi vdi ndn giao due nudc ta dgc Cdng bang ttong giao due dupe thyc Dd ghi nhgn vd dinh hudng cho phong hipn ttdn cdc phuong didn, gdm: ngudi di trdo khuyen hgc kfauydn tai, Thu tirdng Cfainfa hgc phdi dong hgc phi, ngudi su dung lao pfau dd ban hanfa Chi tiu s6 02/2008/CT ddng qua dao tao phai ddng gop chi phi dao TTg 08 tiiang 01 nam 2008 vd diy tgo; ho trg ngudi bgc nghdo, didn ehhifa sdcfa mgnh phong trdo khuydn hpc, khuydn tai, bing cfainh sach hgc bdng, mien gidm fapc xdy dyng xa hgi hgc tap Chi thi ddnh gia pfai, cung cap hpc lieu ; uu tidn diu tu ddi rd: "Nhftng nam qua, cong tac khuydn hpc, vdi cdc vimg dgc bidt (vung khd kfaan, vimg khuydn tai, xdy dung xa hgi hpc tap dd cd dan tpc thieu sd, bidn gidi, faai ddo, viing nhftng budc phdt tridn mgnh me, thu hut cao, vimg sdu, vimg xa, viing mien mii) bing dupe sy quan tdm ctia todn xa hpi; cung vdi chinfa sdcfa cft tuydn dao tao, du hi dgi hpc, nhiing no lyc cua cac cdp, cac nganh, cdc dao tgo tfaeo dja cbi, ddo tgo can bp (can bp dja phuong, dcm vi, Hgi Khuyen hpc da dang, cfainh quyen, doan the tft ban, ip trd dupc thdnh lap d tat ca 69 tinli, pfao ldn va cdn bd khoa hpc ky thugt) eho vung ttong cd nudc va da cd nfaiing ddng g6p tich dan tgc; uu dai tidn luong, phu cdp vd noi d cyc Tuy nhidn, phong trao khuydn hpc, khuydn tdi pfadt tridn cdn cfaua tfaat ddng ddi vdi giao vidn dgy d cac vung dgc bipt; ddu; mpt s6 cap, nganh, dia phuang don vj tdng cudng he thdng trudng ngi trii, ban tni nhdn tfauc vd vi tri, vai ttd, tdm quan ttgng cho hpe sinh dan tpc ; pfaat tridn haifada,fao ciia cong tde khuyen hgc, khuydn tdi, xay trg gifta giao due cdng lgp vd ngodi cdng dyng xa hdi hpc tap chua that sy day du, ldp; bdo ddm didu kidn cho nhirng ngudi hgc ndn phong trao phat tridn cfaua vung cfadc" gidi phat trien tdi ndng, dai ngp dung gid tri Trdn tinh thdn Ngfai quydt DaifapiDdng ldn nguon nhdn luc dupc dao tgo tfau X, chi thi neu ro nhidm vu cfao cdc co Bdn Id, khieyin khieh tu hgc Khuydn kfaichquan, dan vi co lien quan ttong giai dogn mpi ngudi dfifapc,fapcthudng xuydn,fapcsuot tidp sau ddi; bao dam eho mpi cong dan ttong khudn U*u tidn phat tridn giao due doi vdi dan khd pfaap ludt cd quydn dupefapc,dugc till, tge it ngudi la ehu truong dugc hidn tiiyc dugc chgn trudng, ehpn thiy, chgn t ^ d , dupc hoa quy dinh Quyet dinfa sd hge tap d va ngodi nudc 2I23/QD - TTg cua Tfau ttrdng Cfauih phu Ndm Id, tdng ly trgng chi ngdn sdeh ngdy 22 thang 11 nam 2()10 phd duydt Y>k eimg v&i huy ddng mgi ngudn It^c eho gido dn "Phdt trien gido due doi V(5i eac dan tgc dge Bdo dam toe tang chi ngan sdeh cho rit it ngudi giai doan 2010 - 2015" Muc giao dye hang ndm caofacmtdc dp tang chi tidu chu dgo cua dd an la tao didu ki$n pbat ngan sdch nhd nudc; da dgng hda cac nguon trien ve sd lupng, ndng cao ehit lugng giao diu tu tu eac thdnh phdn kinh td; phat hanh due cho tre em, hpc sinh, sinh vien cac dan trai phieu giao dye; thye hipn cae chinh tdc rdt it ngudi, gop phdn bdo tdn vd phat saeh uu tidn uu ddi vk diu tu, tidn luang va tridn ben vung cac ddn tgc rdt it ngudi; trd 51 Tgp chi Khoa hgc xa hgi Vigt Nam, sd 5(90) - 2015 em, hgc smh, smh vidn cac dan tpc rdt it ngudi dugc hpc tap, ren luydn moi ttudng gido due tot, dupc hudng cfad dp chdm sdc, nudi dudng dge bidt dd cd trmh dp van hda, trinh nghd, bd sung vao dpi ngu cdn bp ngudn phuc vu dja phuong vd dat nudc O^ thd hda quydt dinfa la Tfadng tti lien tich s6 03/2012nTLT - BGDDT BTC - BLDTB&XH ngdy 19 tiidng 01 ndm 2012 hudng dan thyc hidn chinh sacfa ho trp vd hpc tap doi vdd tre em, hpc sinfa, sinfa vidn cac ddn tpc rit it ngudi tfaeo Qaykt dinfa so 2123/(3D - TTg ngdy 22 tfadng 11 nam 2010 cua Thu tudng Chiitii phu pfad duydt "Be an Phat tridn giao due ddi vdi cdc ddn tpc rat it ngudi gjai doan 2010 - 2015" Dot phdt faanfa cdng trdi dupe tfayc faidn tiieo Nghi dinh sd 28/2003/ND - CP ngd^ 31 tfaang 03 nam 2003 vd Ngfai djnh so 42/2005/ND - CP 29 tiiang 03 ndm 2005 quy dinh vd vide phdt hanh Cdng trai xay dyng Td qudc nam 2003 vd 2005 mang ten Cdng trdi gido due nhdm huy dpng ngudn vdn fao trp cdc tinfa midn mil, Tdy Nguydn vd cdc tinfa cd nfaidu khd khdn dd thuc hidn muc tidu khdng phdng hpc ca, khong cdn phdng fapc tranfa tre, nua la, kien cd fada ttudng hpc theo quy djnh tgi Ngfai quydt sd 09/2002/9H11 ngdy 28 thdng 11 ndm 2002 cua Qudc fadi Trong pham vi qudn ly cap tinfa, didu kipn thyc td, cac dia phuong ddu eo nfaftng cfai dao cu tfae ddi vai cdc faoat ddng Oi tiid nfau: CJuydt dinfa sd 37/2014/QD UBND 14 tiiang 08 ndm 2014 vd -vide Cjuy djnh chd dp kidm nhidm cdng tac va td chftc cdc ldp pfad cap gido due, xoa mu cfau trdn dia ban tinh Binh Tfaudn;> Quydt dinfa s6 1436/2014/(3D - UBND 14flidng05 nam 2014 ve vide quy dinfa dia bdn, kfaodng cdch xdc djnh hoc sinh tieu hpc, trung hpc co sd khdng thd di ddn trudng va trd ve nhd ttong ngdy dd tiiyc faien chinfa sacfa fao tro fapc suifa ban ttft trdn dia bdn tmh Thanh Hoa la mong raudn kfadng chi cua nhihig nha quan ly, rad cdn la cfta todn xd hpi Co nhidu gidi phdp thuc day qua trinh nay, ttong CO giai phdp thirc hien xd hgi hda gjdo due Xa hpi hda giao due de xay dyng l i hpi hpc tap Xd hgi hda giao dye la vide Nfaa nudc fauy dpng vd qtidn ly sy tfaam gia bing nhidu hinh tfadc cua todn xa fapi vao viec nang cao cfaat luang gido due Tuy nfaidu khac bidt quan nidm ve xa hpi hda gido due, song hien tgi cd tfad xem xel xd fadi fada gido due tai nudc ta tren 06 pfauong didn ca bdn, gdm: - Phat tridn cdc ca sd giao dye ngoai cdng lap (tang ti le trudig ngoai cdng 1^ trdn ea sd bdo ddm cdc didu kidn dgy va hpc, chu ttpng kidm tra, danh gia chfit lugng va ddi xu cong bang); - Huy ddng cac ngudn diu tu cfao gi^ due (khuydn khicfa cdc cd nfadn vd to chitc va ngodi nudc xdy dung cae quj ho ttp gido due, ho tro chi phi hpc tap cho ngudi hgc); - Tfayc faidn co chd tu ehu, ty cfaiu trach nhiem ttong cac co sd gjdo due (tang muc dp dpc lap cua cdc co sd gido dye vide ban hanh quydt dinh quan ly ddi vffi cdc hogt dgng ndi tgi); - Tan dun^ toi da ndng lyc xa hpi nham nang cao ehat lugng gido due (mdi cac ca nhdn cd trinfa dp eao, cd kinh ngfaiem thuc tien tfaam gia giang dgy; td cfaiic vd ca nban su dung lao dpng tfaam gia xay dyng, dieu chinfa, tfayc faidn chucmg trinh dao tao, danh gid nang lyc ngudi hgc va chit lupng ciia CO sd ddo tgo; gido due nfaa trudng ket hop vai giao due gia dinh va gjao dye xd hpi); - Ddi mdi npi dung va da dgng hoa hinh tfauc dao tgo (rad rpng cae fainh thuc dao tao kfadng tap tnmg, ddo tao tii xa; da dang boa cdc hinh thuc hgc tap khong chinh quy; dio tgo ky nang song song vm dao tao tri thiirc; ^ Nhu vgy, xay dyng xd hpi hgc tap dang dp dung to chuc dao tgo dai hgc theo hQC tidp tyc dien tien Vide diy maiih qud trinh ehd tm chi); 52 Xd hgi hoa gido dgc - M d rdng hop tac qudc te vd gido due (cu nhihig ngudi gjdi va cd phim chit ^ t & dao t^ ve nhiiog ngdnh n ^ e then chdt; khuydn khidi vide hpc tap d nudc i^odi bang cac ngudn kinh phi ngoai ngdn sach; k h u y ^ khich thdnh lap cac co sd giao dye 100% TOn nudc ngoai hoac lien doanh, lien kdt; quan Iy nha nwc vd luu hpc sinh va cd chinh sach su d y i ^ ngucd hpc d nudc ngoai trdvd) Qi^dt dinh sd 89/CJD - TTg 09 thang 01 nam 2013 cua Thu tudng Chinh phu phd duyet Dd an "Xay dung xa hdi hpc tap giai doan 2012 - 2020" chi 07 nhdin nhidm \"u de tbijc hien cdc muc tidu cu thd xa hdi hda giao due: Ndng cao nhgn thuc ve muc dich, y nglua, vai tro lgi ich cua viec xay dung xd hgi hgc tap Nhidm vu tap tnmg vao viec dua cac each thtic dd tuydn truyen ve xay dyng xa hgi hpc tap, bao gdm: tuydn truyen trdn cac p h u o i ^ tien tfadng tin dgi chung, cac nha trudng, ca quan, doanh n ^ e p , khu dan cu, qua cdc fapi i^hi, hpi thao, m a i ^ internet; thdng qua phong t r ^ gia ^ n h hidu hpc, d o i ^ hp khuyen hpc, phat dpng phong trao don vi hpc tap, eong dong hpc tap Vide huy ddng sy tham gja eua todn xa hoi n h i m myc dich gia tang cdc gja tri hudng thu tu hpc tap, day chinh Id bidu h i ^ tfau tu ctia xa hpi boa gido due gido due Clac co sd gido due duac nhic tdi t r o i ^ nhiem vu bao gdra: tnmg tam hpc tap c d i ^ ddng, tnmg tam giao dye tfaudng xuyen, cdc c o sd gjao due cfainh quy ldm nhidm vu gjao due thudng xuyen, cac co sd giao due khac (cdc trung tam ngoai ngft, tin hoc; cung ed mang ludi trudng, tnmg tam bdi duong can bp cua cdc dia phuang, cac bg, n^anh, cac td chuc chinh t r i - x a hgi) B^ mgnh Mnh thdc hgc tir xa, hgc qua mang Hpc tu xa va hpc qua mang Id cdc fainh thm: dao tao mdi dupc thuc hidn song song vdi chti tnrong da dgng hda cdc fainh thlic dao tao d ^ ung nhu cau xa hdi Trdn co sd tuu da dat dupc eiia Vidn Dgi hpc Md Ha Npi va Trudng Dgi hgc Md phd Hd Chi Minh, nhidm vu chi rd cac bidn phap nham phdt tridn cdng nghd ddo tao md va tii xa vdi cac van dd ve t i i ^ c d i ^ nghd thdng tin, trung tdm pfadt trien hoc lieu; tnmg tam bdi dirong edn bd, giao vidn phuc vu hgc tap sudt ddi Triin khai cdc bien ph^ ho trg ngu&i hgc nhdm ndng cao chdt lugng vd hieu qud hoc tap suot d&i Ben canh cdc van d& vd ca chd ddnh gia, cdng nhgn kdt qua hgc t ^ khdng chinh quy va phi cfainh quy nhdra khuyen khich mgi ngudl dan ty hge, tu tich luy kidn thuc; vd bien soan tdi lieu hgc tap, vd cac Ilhh vyc cua ddi sdng xd hpi dap iing nhu cau hgc t£^ da d a i ^ eua mgi ting lap nhdn dan, nhiera vy nhic tdi vide ddi mdi phuong phap day hpc, ddi mdi kiem tra danh gid pfau hpp vdi vide hpc tap cua ngudi ldn tudi To chOc cdc hogt dpng hge tcq} suot d&i thong qua cdc phuang tien thong tin diai chdng thu vien, bdo tdng nhd van hoa, cdu lgc bg Trong nhiera vu nay, dd an dd cap tdi ^ddc thyc hidn c ^ c h u o i ^ trinh giao due Xdy dmig ca chi phdi hgp giiia cdc cdp, tu xa, bdi d u o i ^ phd bidn kidn thuc ve cac cdc ngdnh, cdc to ehia:, doanh nghiep Dnh vuc ctia khoa hpc va ddi sdng tren cac qud trinh xdy dung xd hdi hge tap Sy tfaam phuang tidn thdnp tin dai chting va trien gia ctia toan xd fadi - van dd trung tam cua khai thyc hien £>d an Day manh cdc boat bidu hidn ihu tu, tid^ tuc ^ugc tim thdy dpng hpc tap sudt ddi cdc Ihu vidn, cac quy dinfa vd trdch nhiem, nghia bao tang, nha van hda, cau lac bd Day vu, quyen lpi cua cac td chuc va ca nhdn, co chinh Id da dang hda cdc hinh thuc hpc lap - cfad tfaam gja, pfadi hgp cua cac c ^ , cac van dd tnmg tdra bieu hidn thu nara nganh, cac td chiic, doanh nghiep ddi vdi cua xa tidi hoa giao due hpc tap sudt ddi, xay dyng xd hpi fapc tap Cdng CO phdt trien mang Ite&i ctic ca sa Kfadng chi cd vay, nhidm vu dat 53 Tgp chi Khoa hoc xa hoi Viel Nam, so 5(90) - 201S yeu call dua xay dung xa hpi hoc tap la npi dung bat bupc chuong trinh, ke hoach hoat dpng, thi dua hang nam va tung giai doan cua cac ca quan nha nuoc, cac to chuc kinh te, to chiic xa hpi, dcm vi vu trang nlian dan Viec khuyen khich doanh nghiep xay dvmg "Quy hoc tap suot dpi" ik h& trp nguoi lao dpng hpc tap nang cao trinh dp nghe nghiep, hoac dao tao 1^ cho nhiing nguoi chuyen doi nghe nghiep chinh la bilu hien thii hai ciia xa hoi hoa giao due Hop tdc quoc te Nhilu hinh thiic cua bieu hi?n thii sau dupc tim th^y o nhiem vu nay, la: tranh thu su h6 trp cua cac t6 chiic quoc tl; phoi hpp t6 chiic cac hpi nghi, hpi thao nham chia se kinh nghiem, cap nhat thong tin; to chiic nghien ciiu, hpc t^p kinh nghiem; mo rpng hpp tac qu6c tl Iinh vuc dio tao tir xa Ngo4i ra, tai muc V v l T6 chiic thuc hifn, D I an giao trach nhiem thuc hien cho nhieu co quan hanh chinh nha nuoc thlm quyln chuyen mon nhu Bp Giao due va Dao tao, Bp Lao dpn^ - Thucmg binh va Xi hpi, Bp Van hoa, Thl thao va Du lich, B6 Thong tin va Trayin thong, Bp K l hoach va Dau tu, Bp Tai chinh Cac b§, nganli khac dupc yeu ciu "cung ling hpc tap su6t doi va tao mpi dilu kifn thuan lpi d l dpi ngu can bp, cong chiic, vien chiic va nguoi lao dpng thupc nganh minh dupc hpc tiip suit doi, co trach nhiem t l chuc bien soan cac tai lieu hpc tap cho mpi tSng lop nhan dan vl cdc llnh vuc thep chiic nang va nhiem vu ciia t™g bp, nganh; phii hpp chat che vdi Bp Giao dvc va Dao tao va cac co quan co lien quan triln khai thuc hien cac nhiem vu xay dvmg xa hpi hpc t | p tren p h ^ vi toan quoc" Khong chi co vay, D i a n dl nghi cac t l chiic chmh tri - xa hpi, t l chiic xa hOi, nghi nghiep ^6m Uy ban Trung uong MSt tt?in To quoc Viet Nam, T5ng Lien doan Lao dpng Viet Nam, Trung uong Doan Thanh nien Cpng san H i Chi Minh Hpi Lien hiep Phvi nil Viet Nam, Hpi Khuyen hpc Vi$t Nam, Hpi Cvm chiln binh 54 Viet Nam, Hpi Nong dan Viet Nam, Hoi Nguoi cao tuoi Viet Nam, Hpi Cvm giao chiic Viet Nam phoi hpp voi cac don vi lien quan "trien khai nhiem vu va giai phdp xay dimg xa hpi hpc tap phii hpp voi chiic nang, nhiem vii cua Hpi" Thirc chat cua viec lam la huy dpn^ va tan dvmg su tham gia cua toan h | thong chinh tri vao mpt muc tieu chung, chinh la xa hpi hoa giao due Ket lu^n Nhu vay, co thl tun thiy lit nhilu sir tucmg ding giua bilu hien ciia xa hpi hoa giao dvie va cac phuang thiic d l xSy dimg xa hpi hoc tap a nuoc ta tinh hinh hien Day manh xa hpi hoa giao due se ding thai day manh viec thvrc hien cac nhiem vu giai phap then chit huong tai thuc hi6n miB tieu xay dvmg xa hpi hpc tap, vi mpt nin giao diic mo, tien tiln va hdi nhap Tai lieu tham khao Pham Tdt Dong (2013), "Xay dimg xa hpi hoc tap - mot xu hirong ddi mdi phat triln cua gi^ due ihi ky XXI", Tap chi KItoa hpc Dgi lipc Quic gia Ha Npi, sd 1, Phjm Minh Hac (2003), "Tiin toi mJt xa hgi hoc tap - tro m6t dan tpc thong thii", T^p cU Gido dye, so Msc van Trang (2005), "Nhiing dieu Icifn xiy dumg xa h?i hpc tjp", Tap chi Phdi Iriin Giao due, so Nguyin Ky (2004), "Xa hpi hpc IJp nong 01 tuong H6 Chl Minh", Tap chl Phdi Iridn Gldo dttc, s4 Le Diic Phiic (2005), "Di cd m6t xa hji hpc tap", T^p chl Phdi Iriin Gido dtic sd Ta Ngpc Thanh (2005), "Hdi nhap vdi njn kinh ta thi gidi va viec hinh thinh xa h^i hpc tap Vijt Nam", Tap chi Phdi Iriin Gido dvc, so Td Bi Trupng (2005), "Bin vi khii n i ^ xa hdi hpc tip" Tap chi Gido due sd 122 Tiii Ngpc Vuong (2005), "Kiin t?o m^t xa hdi hpc tip a Viet Nam - nhitng han chi til lich stf', Tap chl rifljong, sdi Trin Thj Vin (2014), "Xay dung xi hji hpc t«P d Nhit Bin - Thanh luu vi bii hoc kinh nghidm cho Vift Nam", T?p chl Gido due vdXdhpi, si