u^ NGHIEN CtfU - PHATTRIEN L* LUAN QUAN DIEM CUA HO CHI MINH TRONG CAC CHINH SACH XAHOI • ThS VI THI LAI Trudng Dgi hgc Suphgm Hd Noi II •Tom Tdt: Quan diem vi chinh sdch xa hpi la mpt nhiing npi dung quan trgng tu tudng Ho Chi Minh Ngddi luon xde dinh muc tiiu cua chinh sdch xa hpi Id dem lai tu do, hanh phdc cho nhdn ddn Be muc tiiu trd thdnh hiin thdc, theo Ngddi, trUdc hit cdn hoach dinh vd thdc hien co hiiu qud cdc chinh sdch xd hpi cd bdn nhU: chinh sdch xoa ddi gidm ngheo, chinh sdch gido due, chinh sdch y ti, chinh sdch doi vdi ngddi co cong vdi cdch mang • Td khda: td tUdng Hd Chi Minh, chinh sdch xd hpi Ngudi quan tdm va tia thdnh xudt phdt digm de Chinh sach xoa ddi giam ngheo Sinh thdi, Chii tich Hd Chi Minh dd khang thuc hien cac chinh sdch Trong Muoi chinh dinh "Tdi chi cd mdt su ham mudn, ham mudn sach cda Viet Minh - ban phdc thao he thdng tdt bdc, la lam cho nudc ta dtrgc hoan todn chinh sdch xa hpi cua nudc Viet Nam sau ndy, ddc lap, dan ta dtrpc hodn todn tu do, ddng bao Hd Chi Minh da chi rd mdt nhiing dieu cung cd cam dn mac, ciing dupc hpc "ich nudc, lgi dan" dd Id thyc hien cho dan dugc hdnh"'^l "Ham muon" ay dattdthdnh muc tidu, "dil dn, dii mac, khdi lo ca ban" Khi ehinh quyen Nhd nudc Viet Nam Dan ddng luc; nhiing chi ddn cd tinh dinh hudng nhdt dinh timg suy tu tran trd va chu Cpng hda vira dupc thdnh lap, Hd Chi Minh timg boat ddng cu thd cua Ngudi Vdi triet ly d xem viec xda ddi, giam ngheo quan trpng vd cdp ddi va lam ngudi phai thuong mrdc, thirong dan, bdch nhu la diet giac Ngudi chi ro, ddi ngheo thuong nhan loai dau kho bi dp biic, Hd Chi laradttrong batinigidc cdn phai diet va dua Minh ludn ludn tdm niem lam eho nhdn muc tieu phan dau de nhdn ddn thoat nan bdn ddn ta ciing cd com dn, mac, cung dtrgc cung, lam cho mpi ngudi cd cdng an, viec Iam, hpc hdnh Vi muc dich giai phdng ngudi, dm no va ddi sdng hanh phuc Ctmg vol viec mang lai cudc sdng dm no, hanh phiic cho nhan dau tranh chdng "thd giac ngoai" Ngudi dan, tu tudng Hd Chi Mmh vd chinh sach da nhanh chdng de cdc chinh sdch chdng xa hdi, chinh sdch xda ddi gidm ngheo sdm duoc giac ddi, gidc ddt Cdc chinh sdch ay kh6ng chi LYLUAN CHINHTRI-So6/2019 _ia la bien phap dd ddi phd vdi tinh the khd khan va thuc hanhtietkiem Ngay sau tuyen bd liic bdy gid ma cdn la chidn lupc Idu dai ddi vdd dpc lap, Ngudi de nghi Hpi ddng Chinh phu Viet Nam tidn trinh xay dung va phat phat dpng chien dich tdng gia sdn xuat vd md trien Hd Chi Minh khdng dinh "Chiing ta phdi cudc lac quyen ciiu ddi Ngudi vigt thu gui thuc hien ngay: Lam cho dan cd an Lam dong bao toan qudc, hd hao nhdn dan chdng cho ddn cd mac Ldm cho dan cd chd a nan ddi, coi cudc chdng nan ddi ciing nhu cupc chdng ngoai xdm Trong thu gui ndng gia Viet Lam cho dan cd hpc hanh"'^' Dd chinh sdch xda ddi giam ngheo trudc het Nam, Ngudi khan thiet keu gpi; "Tang gia san Id de dap ling, thda mdn nhiing nhu cdu thiet xudt! Tdng gia sdn xudt ngay! Tang gia san xuat yeu cua nhdn dan Ngudi chi ro "MUC DICH: niia Dd Id cdch thidt thuc cua chiing ta de giii Ldm cho ngudi ngheo thi du dn Ngudi du an thi vihig quyen tu do, dpc Idp'^' Mudn tdng gia khd gidu Ngudi khd giau thi giau them"'^' Ddy san xuat cd hieu qua Dang vd Nhd nuac can Idtidnde, dieu kien tdi cdn thidt dd phdt trign tidn bdnh "Ldnh dao phdi cu the, phai kip thdi, va tien bp Trudc hgt phai lo cho tdn tai, muu phdi thiet thuc, phai cd diem vd ndm sinh hdng ngay, phdi giai quyet dieu cap thiet, dien hinh Phai chdng tu tudng ngai khd khan, biic xiic cho ddn Tidp theo phdi lam cho ngudi tu tudng y lai Phdi tuydn truyen rdng khap cdc du an thi khd gidu, ngudi khd giau thi giau chinh sdch khuyen khich san xudt'''' Vd phia them Vay la phai khdng ngtmg phdn ddu de nhdn dan, "Phdi cd gdng hpc tap dung ky thuat vupt qua nguong ngheo khd, tiing thigu, tidn tdi mdi xdy dyng ca sd ky thuat mdi, kien quyet tir no dil, sung tiie, khd gia, timg budc trd nen gidu bd ldi lam an lac hau Nhiing viec khdng cd, da giau cd rdi thi giau them, nhu thd mdi Id phai ngdy mpt ngdy hai md xong, nhtmg cd phdt tridn Ddng thdi, Ngudi ciing chi ro quydt tam, cd td chiic, thi nhat dinh lam dupc" "Chiing ta tranh dupc tu do, ddc lap rdi ma dan Todn Dang, todn ddn can doan ket mpt ldng de cii chdt ddi, chdt rdt, thi tu do, ddc ldp cung tdng gia sdn xudt bdi "Nude ta cdn ngheo khdng lam gL Dan chi bidt rd gid tri eiia tu do, Mudn sung sudng thi phai cd tinh than tu luc ciia ddc lap ma dan dupc an no, mac dii "'^' cdnh sinh, can cu lao ddng Phai cd gang sdn Nhuvay, xda ddi, gidm ngheo ddi vdi nhan dan xuat Lao ddng Id nghia vu thieng Udng, Id la bieu hien thiet thuc ddu tien cua dgc lap, tu ngudn sdng, ngudn hanh phuc cua chung ta'^' Ddi vdi be thdng chinh sach cua Dang vd Nha nudc, chinh sdch xda ddi giam ngheo la chinh sach cobdn, thuc hidn tdt cbinh sach Id dieu kien, ca sa de thuc hien cdc chinh sdch khde Bdi Ie, theo Hd Cbi Minh "Dan dii an dii mac thi nhiing chinh sdch cua Dang vd Chinh phii dtra se dd dang thuc hidn Neu ddn ddi, ret, ddt, benh thi chinh sdch ciia ta dii cd hay may cung khdng thuc hien dupc"'^' Mat khac, theo Hd Chi Minh, tang gia san xuat phai di ddi vdi thyc hdnh tiet kiem Tiet kiem san xuat, tidu dung, tiet kiem vdt tu, thdi gian siic lao dpng, ddng thdi phai chdng tham d, lang phi, quan Udu Phong ttao dg danh mot ndm gao nhd theo ttmg budi da dupc nhan rdng phongtiaotiet kidm gao khdp ca nudc "Cii 10 nhin dn mdt bira, mdi thdng nhin biia Dem gao (mdi biia De xda ddi gidm ngheo, Hd Chi Minh ddc mpt bo) de ciiu dan ngheo"'^' biet quan tam den van dd day manh sdn xuat Nhuvay, theo Hd Chi Mmh, tang gia san xuat LYLUAN CHINHTRI-So 6/2019 iL N G H l l N CtfU - PHATTRIEN LV L U A N vd tidt kiem Id hai bien phdp ca ban, quan trpng canh chinh sach xoa doi giara ngheo, Ngudi nhdt de thyc hien ehinh sdch xda ddi gidm cdn de cap ddn chinh sdch gido due nhu rapt ngheo Ngudi khdng dinh "Tang gia sdn xuat va viec lam can ban, hang dau cua Dang vd Nhd tiet kiem de ndng cao ddi sdng ciia nhdn dan, nudc Ngudi neu ro: "chuang tiinh ciia Chinh khdi phuc kinh te, md mang van hda vd de phil ta la lam the ndo eho toan qudc ddng bdo phdng ddi, chdng ddi"'"" Ttr ldi chi ddn cua cung cd dn, cd mac, cd hpc.Vdy nen khau Ngudi, nhdn dan ta da quyet tdmtiiuchien tdng hidu ciia chung ta la: Tang gia san xudt gia sdn xuat, lao ddng hang say, tich cue, cd Chdng nanratichir"'i^' hieu qua; ddng thdi thuc hanh tiet kiem, Nhd Xudt phdt tir tinh thuong yeu bao la danh cho dd ma nan ddi dupc day lui, gdp phan dua nudc ngudi, tir chu nghia nhdn dao cdng san, ta vupt qua thdi ky khd khan "ngdn can treo spi nhdm muc dich ddc lap ddn tgc va chu nghia xa tdc", tao tien dg cho viec thyc hien cdc nhiem hdi, Hd Chl Mmh da Ien an "chinh sdch ngu vu quan trpng nhdm giii vting dpc lap va thdng dan" ciia thuc ddn xdm lupc; sdng lap nen giao nhdt dat nudc dye mdi cua nudc Viet Nam sau ngdy ddc De thyc hien chinh sdch xda ddi gidm ngheo, lap Nen giao due mdi ciia Viet Nara dupc Hd Chi Minh nhan raanh den vai trd ciia cdc Ngudi dinh hudng phdt trien la nen giao due can bd lara nhiem vu hudng dan, chi dao nhdn ndng cao ddn tri cho nhan ddn; la nen gido due ddn thyc hien chinh sdch Theo Ngudi, cdc cdn todn ddn; Id nen gido due todn dien; Id nen giao bd can "Phai biet gido due, ldnh dao, giup da due tien tien, hien dai; muc dich ciia gido due nhdn dan tang gia san xuat vdtietkiem Ndu la ddo tao ngudi mdi xa hdi chu nghia cho can bd kheo lanh dao vd thiet thuc giiip da dat nudc Ngudi coi ngudi Id vdn quy nhat ddng bao vd ddng bdo cd gdng tdng gia san xuat Id yeu td quyet dinh ciia su nghiep each mang: vatietkiem thi dan se no am, mpi viec trdi chdy, "VI lgi ich raudi ndm trdng cdy, vi Igi ich tram thud khda dd thu, tai chinh ddi dao, ddn no thi nam trdng ngudi" Chinh tir ma Ngudi phat nudc giau'"^' Trong qua trinh thuc hien xda ddng phong trao binh dan hgc vu vdi chu ddi, gidm ngheo, Ngudi nhan thdy rd "sy thuc, truang ngudi bidt chii day ngudi chua biet chu, chd ndo ma nhdn ddn td chiic giiip thi ngudi biet chu nhieu day ngudi biet chir it, de ket qua hon chd cap phat; dan hang hai hon, ciing biet dpc, biet viet, ty ndng caotinhcam, doan ket ban, san xuat cung manh hon""^' Iy tudng each mang cho minh Ndng cao dan til Ngudi chu truang, can bd hudng dan, chi dao phdi bdt ddu tir chd biet dpc, bidt viet den chd chi la phy, nhan dan thau hieu chinh sdch, to hieu biet cac Unh vyc khde cua ddi sdng Ngudi chirc, giiip da thyc hien chinh sdch mdi ndi: "mpi ngudi phai hidu biet quyen loi cua la chinh, Id yeu td quyet dinhtiidngloi cua cdng minh, phdi cd kien thiic mdi de cd the tham gia vdo cdng cudc xdy dung nudc nha, vd trudc cudc xda ddi giam ngheo het phai biet dpc, biet viet chir qudc ngu"""' Chinh sach giao due Chu tich Hd Chi Minh ludn coi gido due la Trong hoan canh eye ky khd khan sau nhidm vu trgng yeu va cap bach nhdm dap iing Cdch mang Thdng Tdm, bdn canh hai nhiem vy nhu eau thiet yeu hang dau ddi sdng kinh diet gidc ddi va giac ngoai xdm, Nguai da dat te - xa hdi cua nudc nha Chinh vi le dd, ben nhiera vu diet gidc ddt Tai phien hpp thit nhat LYLUAN CHINHTRI-So 6/2019 m cua Hdi ddng Chinh phu, ngdy 3-9-1945, Ngudi the due qudc dan, lam cho gidng ndi ngdy cdng de nghi md chien dich dd chdng nan mil chii: thdm manh, "lap thdm nhd thuong, nhd dd de, " nan ddt-Ld mdt nhiingphuongphap nha dudng lao""^' Nhiing ndm sau do, Ngudi dd dpc ac md bpn thyc ddn dung dd cai tri chung cd nhieu bdi va thu gui ngdnh y tg va thuong ta Hon chin muoi phdn trdm ddng bao chiing binh, xd hdi, neu ro nhiing quan diem co ban taratichii Nhung chi cdn ba thdng Id dil de hpc ve dieu tritiiuang,benh binh, ket hpp qudn dan doc, hpc viet tieng nudc ta theo van qudc ngir y, kdt hop ddng y va tdy y va cdng tac khde cua Mdt dan tdc ddt la mdt dan tdc ydu Vi vdy tdi nganh y te dd nghi md mpt chien dich de chdng nan mu Chil tich Hd Chi Minh khdng dinh vaitidcua chii"'i5' Ngdy 4-10-1945, thay mat Chinh phu siic khde vd vitiicua y te khdng chidn va Ldm thdi, Ngudi Ldi keu goi toan dan chongkidn qudc Nhiem vu cua y td la chdm sde, dam nan thit hoc Phdt dpng phongtidochdng nan bdo cho siic khde cho nhdn dan Dd la nhidm mu chii, Ngudi mong mudnradingudi dan ddu vu cao ca va vd cting quan trpng Bdi Ie mdi rapt "Biet hgc, biet chii qudc ngii" de "Ndng cao ddn ngtrdi dan yen dt, tiie la ca nudc yeu dt, mdi mdt tri", "Giii vting nen ddc lap" va Iam cho dan ngudi ddn manh khde tire Id ca nudc manh gidu nudc manh Nhd vdy,tiichd 95% mil chti, khde "Ddn cudng thi qudc thinh" "Siic khde ddn tdc ta da vuon Ien tidthanh mdt dan tdc cd cila cdn bd vd nhdn ddn dupe bao dam thi tinh van hda, khoa hpc, dii khd ndng dg bdo vd va thdn cdng hang hdi" Va "tinh thdn va siic xdy dung ddt nudc khde ddy dii thi khdng chidn cdng nhieu thdng Muc tieu ciia giao due la thuc hien cdc ba lpi, kien qudc cang mau cdng" Sire khde chiie ndng cua vdn hda bdng day va hpc: ddo khdng chi Id tdi sdn cd nhan ma cdn la tdi san tao nhiing ngudi mdi vira cd diic, vira cd tai; chung cua cdng dong hpc dd ldm viec, lam ngudi, lam cdn bd; "cdi tao Vdi Chii tich Hd Chi Mmh, ngudi Id vi tri tri thiic cu", "ddo tao tri thiic mdi"; "cdng ndng trung tdm ciia mgi hoat dpng vd quydn dupc hda tri thirc", "tri thiie hda cdng ndng", xdy sdng la quydn cao nhat ciia ngudi Ngudi dung dpi ngu tri thiic ngdy cdng ddng dao, tiinh day chiing ta giu gin ddn chu, xay dung nudc dp ngdy cdng cao; ddo tao nhting ldp ngudi ke nhd, gdy ddi song mai, viec gi cting can cd siic tuc su nghiep each mang xay dung dat nudc khde mdi Iam cdng Chinh vi vdy, giau manh va vdn minh; ma mang dan tri tu cdch mang cdn nhidu khd khdn, gian khd, viec xda nan mu chti, chong gidc ddt, kdt hgp ddi sdng ciia nhdn dan cdn gian nan, nhung phd cap va ndng cao, dua Viet Nam sanh vai vdi Chii tich Hd Chi Minh da rat coi trpng vi tri cdc ctrdng qudc nam chdu nganh y te va dua cdc chii truong dd gidi quydt cac vdn di ve chdm sde va dam bdo cho Chinh sdch y te Cham sde siic khoe cho nhdn dan la muc siic khde ciia nhdn dan Ngtrdi cho rdng, cd siic tieu, nhidm vu cao ca cua chinh sdch y td, Id vankhde thi Idra dupc viec, ldm dupc viec thi cd an de ludn dupe Hd Chi Minh liic sinh thdi rdt Ddng thdi Ngudi cung khang dinh Dang va quan tdm va coi trpng Ngay tu nam 1941, dudi Chinh phil phdi cd trdch nhiem ddi vol viec su lanh dao cua Chu tich Hd Chi Minh, chuong dam bao ddi song khde manh ciia nhdn dan trinh Viet Mmh da ghi ro can khuyen khich nen Dang vd Chinh phii thuc hien nhiem vu LYLUAN CHINHTRI-So 6/2019 EL NGHIEN CtfU - PHATTRIEN i V L U A N thdng qua viec dd cdc chiitiirong,cbinh sdch nganh y td, viec phuc vu nhdn dan"^' nhdm dam bao vd ndng cao chat lupng ciia Chinh sach ddi voi ngudi co cdng vd-J cdng tdc y lg Ngudi ndu ro: "Vi vdy chinh sdch each mang ciia Dang va Chinh phu Id phdi het siic chdm Sinh thai, Hd Chi Minh rdt quan tdm tdi nom den ddi sdng ciia nhdn dan neu ddn dm cdng tac "den an ddp nghia", cham sde nhiing la Dang vd Chmh phu cd Idi""^' ngudi cd cdng vdi cdch mang Ngudi thudng Quan tdm va hudng den viec gidi quydt cdc nhdc nhd "thuong binh, benh binh, gia dinh van de tren Unh vuc y te mdt each toan dien, quan nban va gia dinh liet si Id nhiing ngudi cd Hd Chl Minh dua chu truang "xay dyng mdt cdng vdi Td quoc, vol nhdn dan Cho ndn bdn nen y hgc cua ta", mang bdn sde Viet Nam, phdn chiing ta la phai bidt on, phdi thuong ygu xudt phat tu nhiing dieu kien Viet Nam, Idy vdgiup dohp"'^"' nhdn td nhdn ddn va nhan td Viet Nara Id ca Ngay nhung ndm chua thdnh lap dupc sd Theo chil truang ciia Ngudi, cdn bd y td chinh quydn cdch mang, Hd Chi Minh neu rd phdi "giiip ddng bdo, giup Chinh phu xdy dung "Mudi chinh sdch ciia Viet Minh": "Binh mdt nen y te thich hgp vdi nhu can cua nhan Unh giii nudc cd cdng, dupc dan trpng ddi, hgt dan ta" Ngudi ludn quan tdm den y diic ciia long kinh ydu"'^" Sau Cdch mang thang Tam ngudi thdy thudc, coi dd Id luong tdm dao diic, 1945, Nha nudc Viet Nam non tre gdp rdt nhidu la trdch nhiem bdn phdn cua ngudi thay thudc khd khan, thir thach, cting luc phdi ddi mat vdi "Ngudi benh phd thdc tinh menh cua hp noi giac ddi, gidc ddt va giac ngoai xdra Trong bdi cdc cd, cac chii Chinh phu phd thdc cho cdc canh do, Chii tjch Hd Chi Mmh ludn quan tdm cd, edc ehii viec ehiia benh tat vd giii gin siic dd vd ldnh dao thuc hien diing ddn chinh khde cho ddng bdo Dd Id nhiem vu rdt ve sdch ddi vdi nhiing ngudi da hy sinh xuong mdu vang"'"" Quan diem cila Ngudi ve dao diie cua vi Td qudc Trong thu giii cdc chign si bi thuong ngudi thdy thudc la "luong y phai nhu tir mdu" tiong nhimg dau todn qudc khdng chign, Ngudi thay thudc phdi gidu long nhdn di, Ngudi nhan manh: "Cdc chien si dd by sinh chang nhiing ciiu chiia benh tat ma cdn phai mdu mu de gm gin ddt nudc Cac chien si that ndng dd rinh thdn ngudi benh, yeu thuong xiing ddng vol To qudc, va Td qudc se khdng ngtrdi benh va sdn sde ho nhu anh era rudt thit bao gid quen nhiing ngudi ygu quy nhu cua minh, coi hp dau ddn nhu minh dau ddn the"'^^' Ngudi coi viec eham sde thuong binh, Ngudi thdy thudc phai lay ngudi benh Id trung gia dinh liet si khdng Id nhiem vu ciia rieng ai, tam, coi ciiu ngudi benh Id muc dich hanh ma Idtidchnhiera vd nghia vu cua todn Dang, dao Khdng chi thuong yeu ngudi benh, ngudi toan ddn vd todn qudn ta thay thudc "trudc hdt phai thdt thd dodn Nhdm thu hut sy quan tam cua cac tdng ldp ket " Dodn kdt giu'a can bd cu va can bg mdi, xa hdi ddi vditiiuongbinh, thdn nhdn liet si, dodn ket giiia tat ca nhiing ngudi ngdnh thdng ndm 1947, ChiitichHd Chi Mmh chi tiii y te tir cdc Bp truong, Thii trudng, Bdc si, Duac chpn mdt ndm Idm thuang si cho den cdc chi em giup viec Bdi vi cdng bmh, liet si Thuc hien chl thj do, Hdi nghi vd viec va dia vi cd khae nhtmg ngudi vdn de ndy gdm dai bieu cde ca quan, cac ban ndo ciing Id mgt bd phdn cdn thiet nganh dd bdn vd nhat tri dd nghi lay ngdy 27-7LYLUAN CHINH TRj-So 6/2019 _ll Quan tam toi cdng tdc den on, cham sde cdc 1947 lam ngdy thirong binh, Uet si Tir dd, ngdy 27-7 hdng nam la todn dan ta tudng nhd ddi tuong cd cdng, Hd Chi Minh cOng luu y viec den edc Uet si, thirong binh, bdnh buih, gia dmh thi hanh cdc chinh sdch uu dai can dung ddi Uet si va ngudi cd cdng vdi each mang Ho Chi tugng, ttanh nham Idn Bdi ndu nhdm lan Minh chi ro tidch nhiem ciia chung ta ddi vol khdng nhflng ngudi cd cdng thuc sy khdng thuang, benh binh "Thuong binh la nhiing dupe quan tdm, chdm sde, ke khdng cd cdng Ipi ngudi dd hy smh gia dinh, hy sinh xuong mdu dung md cbinh sach ciia nha nude cung de bdo ve Td quoe, bdo vd ddng bao Vi Ipi icb mdt rinh nghidm minh, ddnh mat Idng tin va cila Td qudc, ciia dong bdo md cdc ddng chi dm thai dp ung hp cua nhdn dan Vide trao hudn ydu qud quat Vi vay, Td qudc, ddng bao phdi chuang cho ngudi thuc su cd cdng la mdt vi dy biet an, phai giup da nhiing ngudi anh cu the Ngudi vidt "ta gpi Id huan chuang Id dung ay"'^^' Theo Ngudi, cdng tdc chdm sde, mdt thu huy hieu de tdng thuong nhiing ngudi giup dd ngudi cd cdng "viec giiip da ay can phai cd cdng trang ddc biet Vi vdy md nd cd gid tri thidt thuc, can cd td chiic va mpi ngudi tiong xd cao quy Neu tang thudng khdng dung, thi nd Idmdtttdcudi"'^^' deu can ttiy theo kha ndng md tham gia'^^' Tren ca sd chi ro vai trd ciia nhiing ngtrdi cd Quan didm cua Hd Chi Minh ve chinh sdch cdng vdi dat nudc va trach nhiem cita raoi hpi la nhting chi dan sdu sde, ban phdc thdo cho ngudi, cua xa hdi ddi vdi nhung ngudi cd cdng, he thdng chinh sdch xd hdi eiia nuac ta ttr Hd Chi Minh cflng neu ro nhimg vide Iam, bien nhiing ngdy ddu ehinh quyen ciia nhdn dan phdp thiet thuc de thuc hien cdng tdc den on viia mdi duoc thiet lap Nd da gdp phan to Idn ddp nghia Tnrdc liic vd vol thd giai ngudi hidn, dua cdch mang Viet Nam vupt qua nhiing Ngudi cdn dan: "Ddi vdi nhting ngtrdi da dflng chdng dudng gian nan, thii thdch Budc vdo cam hy sinh rapt phdn xuong radu cua minb thdi ky day raanh cdng nghidp hda, hien dai (can bd, bmh si, ddn qudn, du kich, nign hda ddt nudc, quan didm cua Ho Chi Minh tigp xung phong ), Dang, Chinh phii vd ddng bdo tuc giu viing vai tid la nhiing quan didm cd tinh phai rira mpi cdch Idm cho hp cd noi dn chdn khoa hpc, phirong phdp ludn mang gid tri dinh d ygn dn, ddng thdi phai md nhiing ldp day hudng cho Dang, Nha nudc vd nhdn ddn Viet nghe thich hpp vdi mdi ngudi dg hp cd the dan Nam viec hoaeh dinh va thuc thi chinh ddn "tu lyc cdnh sinh" Ddi vdi cdc liet si, mdi sdch xd hdi dia phuong (thdnh phd, Idng xd) cdn xdy dung Quan diem cua Chii tich Hd Chi Minh cho vudn hoa va bia k^ niem ghi sy hy sinh anh rdng chinh sach xda ddi giam ngheo Id ndn dflng cua cac liet si, de ddi ddi gido due tinh tang, xudt phdt diem de thuc hien cac chinh thdn ydu nudc cho nhdn dan ta Ddi vdi cha sdch xa hdi khde ddn vdn cdn nguyen y me, vp (cua thuong binh vd Uet si) ma thidu nghia Bdi le, xa hdi cdng phdt tiien, nhieu siic lao dpng vd tflng thidu, thi chinh quydn dia chinh saeh ddi nhdra phuc vu cd hieu qua phuong (ndu d ndng thdn thi chinb quydn xd ban cho nhu cdu cdng cao vd ddi sdng vat cimg hpp tdc xd nong nghiep) phdi giiip da hp chat va tinh than cho nhdn dan thi chung ta cd cdng vide Idm dn thich hpp, quyet khdng de cflng dung trudc nhimg thir thdch Idn, nhu ho bi ddi rdt" '^^' khoang cdch giiia cdch vung mien, sy khde LYLUAN CHfNHTR!-So6/2019 ^ NGHIEN CtfU - PHATTRIEN i V LUAN ve chat Itrpng cudc sdng giiia cdc bd phdn dan cu Vi vdy, giai quyet tdt chinh sdch xda ddi, giara ngheo vtra tao dieu kien cho cac chinh sach kbdc dupc hien thuc hda mdt cdch hieu qud ddng thdi dd Id dieu can Iam de vupt qua nhting thu thdch dang ddt Trong cdng cudc xda ddi, giam ngheo d ntrdc ta hidn nay, tdng gia san xuat va tiet kidm vdn la hai bidn phap caban, chii ydu quan tam, hoan thidn va thuc hidn chinh sdch ddi vdi nhdm ddi tugng Cdc chuong trinh, kg hoach, du dn danh cho ddi tupng ngudi ed cdng hien ludn can dupc thuc hien vdi tmh than kbdc sdu, the hien long biet on nhtmg ngudi cd cdng, giup hp vupt qua khd khan, thiet thoL tao dieu kien dd hp cd the ty vuon Ien, cai thien va ndng eao ddi sdng vat chat vd tinh than Vdi y nghia vd gid tri ly ludn, thuc ridn sdu Trong Unh vyc gido due, chu trtrong gido due cho todn dan phai toan dien (the due, tri due, sde, tu tudng Hd Chi Minh ve mdt sd chi'nh my due va diic due) ciia Chii tjch Hd Chi Minh sdch xa hpi cdn tidp tuc dupc nghidn ciiu, van Id nhirng gid tri mang tinb dinh hudng sdu sde dung sang tao nhdra tiep tuc gdp phdn ndng cho vide cai cdch gido due d nudc ta Ddc biet cao hieu qua cua viec hoach dinh va thuc thi chuong trinh gido due phd thdng dang chinh sdch xa hdi d nudc ta hien nay; gdp phdn hudng tdi hinh va ren luyen cho hpc sinh to Idn vao su nghiep xdy dung Td qudc ngdy pham chat chii yeu (yeu nudc, nhdn di, chdm cang gidu manh D chi, trung thuc, trdch nhiem) va 10 nang luc (gdm cdc nang luc cdt Idi va ndng lyc dac biet) Mat khac, vdn de xa hdi hda gido due, ket hop chat che giua gia dinh - nha trudng - xa hdi nhdra thyc bien tdt muc tidu gido due cung cd (1), (2), (4), (6), (9), (13), (14), (15), Hd Chi Minh: co sd tir viec qudn triet sdu sde quan didm "gido Toan tap, 14, Nxb Chinh ui quoc gia, HaNoi, 2011, due Id sy nghigp ciia qudn chung" ciia Chu tich 187,175,175,135, 33, 556, 40, Hd Chi Minh (3), (22), (23) Hd Chi Minh: Toan tap, t.5, Nxb Ve y tg, phuang "chdm xdy dyng nen y td Chinh tri qudc gia, Ha Npi, 2011,81,22,204 todn ddn", xuat phdt tir nhdn ddn, nhdn ddn (5), (10), (11), (12), (17), (18), (19), (24) Ho Chi md dupc cung cd, phdt trien, vi nhdn dan md Minh: Toan tap, t.9, Nxb Chinh tri qudc gia, Ha het Idng phuc vu ludn la muc tieu qua Npi, 2011, 518, 519, 518, 519, 518, 343, 343, tiinh hoach dinh vd thyc thi chinh sach cham {7} Ho Chi Minh: Toan tap, t.lO, Nxb Chinh tri sde sice khde nhdn dan hien Dac biet Idi qudc gia, Ha Noi, 2011,213 can dan "luong y nhu ttr mau" cua Ngudi dd, (8) H6 Chi Minh: Toan tap, t,13 Nxb Chinh tri dang va se vdn ludn dupc qudn triet tdi dpi ngfl qudc gia, Ha Noi, 2011,69 cdn bp, nhan vien cila nganh y te, ttd thdnh mdt (16), (21) Hd Chi Minh: Toan tap t.3, Nxb Chinh tti nhtttig chuan muc cua ngudi Idm cdng qudc gia, Ha Noi, 2011,632,242 tdc chdm sde sue khde cho nhdn dan (20) Hd Chi Minh: Toan tap, t.l, Nxb Chinh tn Ke thtra cdc quan diem cila Chii tjch Hd Chi qudc gia, Ha Noi, 2011,372 Minh ve chinh sdch ddi vdi ngudi cd cdng, (25), (26) Hd Chi Minh: Toan tap t.l5, Nxb Chinh nhiing nam qua Dang va Nhd nudc ta ludn tri qudc gia, Ha Npi, 2011,616,232 LYLUAN CHINHTRj-So 6/2019 ... ridn sdu Trong Unh vyc gido due, chu trtrong gido due cho todn dan phai toan dien (the due, tri due, sde, tu tudng Hd Chi Minh ve mdt sd chi'nh my due va diic due) ciia Chii tjch Hd Chi Minh sdch... (20) Hd Chi Minh: Toan tap, t.l, Nxb Chinh tn Ke thtra cdc quan diem cila Chii tjch Hd Chi qudc gia, Ha Noi, 2011,372 Minh ve chinh sdch ddi vdi ngudi cd cdng, (25), (26) Hd Chi Minh: Toan tap... si, ddn qudn, du kich, nign hda ddt nudc, quan didm cua Ho Chi Minh tigp xung phong ), Dang, Chinh phii vd ddng bdo tuc giu viing vai tid la nhiing quan didm cd tinh phai rira mpi cdch Idm cho