T ^ P CHi KHOA HOC TRlTCWG BAI HOC HONG PUC - SO 46.2019 GIA DINH, DONG HO CAC LANG VEN BI£N HUYEN H A U LOC, TiNH THANH HOA TRONG BOI CANH HIEN DAI H A Nguygn Thi Viet Himg' TOM T A T Dudi ldc ddng eua qua trinh edng nghiip hda Men dgi hda, gia dinh, ddng hg a cdc ldng ven bien Hgu Ldc cd su: chuyin biin mgnh me tren phuang dien: Biin dii vi loai hinh cdu trite gia dinh theo huang hgt nhdn hda, su vuon len khdng dinh vai trd cita nd gidi ddi sdng gia dinh vd xd hdi; vai trd cua ddng ho dai sdng hiin dgi dugc tri vd nhdn mgnh Pd lgi cd kit cdng ddng ldng xa giir dugc su bin chat, nhdn thire cita ngudi ddn vi cdc vdn di xd hdi dugc ndng len Tir khoa: Gia dinh, ddng hg, ldng ven biin huyen Hdu Lge I.DATVANDE Hien nay, Viet Nam co hon 16 trieu hp gia dinh song a cac vung nong thon, moi quan he gia dinh va dong hp dang chiu tac dpng nhieu chieu cua qua trinh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa Do vay, nghien cmi ve moi quan he, gia dmh, dong hp tuang tac vol nhimg bien doi dai song van hoa gan vai qua trinh xay dung nong thon mod a cac dia phuang la mpt nghien curu co y ngliTa rat quan trpng Tir viec xay dung ca sa ly luan ve van de nghien cuu, tac gia bai bao da sir dung each tiep can lien nganh de xem xet sy bien doi cua gia dinh va dong hp a ca khia canh dinh lupng va dinh tinh tir da chi dac dilm biln dli cua gia dinh, dong hp, cac yeu to tac dpng den gia dinh, dong hp, o vimg ven biln Hau Lpc tinh Tiianh Hoa thoi gian 30 nam til' 1986 - 2016 Thong qua khao sat lang ven biln dien hinh cua huyen Hau Lpc (Kgu Lpc, Da Phan, Y Bich), nghien cim da nhan dien diroc buc ttanh gia dinh, dong hg ciia nguai Viet ttuyen thing va nhung bien dli cua no bli canh hien nay; nghien ciru ciing chi dugc xu huang van dpng ciia gia dinh, dong hp vai tu' each la cac thiet chl phi quan phuang ttong mli quan he vai cac thilt chl quan phucmg tir gai mo cac van dl vl xay dmig, cung c l gia dinh, dong hp viec xay dung nong thon mai a cac lang que ven biln Hau Lpc hien NQl DUNG 2.1 Vai net vg lang ven bign HAu L6c Hau Lpc la huyen ding bang ven biln, each ttung tam phi Thanh Hoa 25 km vl phia Dong BSc Theo s l heu ciia Chi cue Thong ke tinh Thanh Hoa nam 2016, huyen co xa viing ven biln (Da Loc, Minh Lpc, Ngu Loc, Hung Loc, Hai Lpc, Hoa Lpc) voi dien tich tu nhien 3.442,25 (chilm 23,81% dien tich toan huyen), dan sl 57.068 nguoi (chiera 34,8% dan s6 toan huyen) Duong bo biln keo dai 12km; vimg ven biln huyen Hau Lpc dong vai ' Gidng vien khoa Khoa hoc Xa hoi Trucmg Dai iigc Hong Due TAP CHi KHOA HQC TRlTCfNG PAI HQC HONG ptlC^j£i^jSI^ tto quan ttpng ca vl kinh te, chinh tri, an ninh quoc phong khong chi voi tinh Tiianh Hoa ma doi voi ca khu vuc Bac mien Trung Tren phuong dien lich sir hinh thanh, Hau Lpc la dia ban ghi diu su xu§t hien sam nhat cua nguoi Viet co voi hai di chi van hoa quan frpng Go Trung (nSm ttong nen van hoa Da But, xa Phii Lpc), Hoa Lpc (nSm nen van hoa Hoa Lpc, xa Hoa Lpc) Tir thi ky XIII tra di, cong cupc khai hoang lan biln a viing dat ven biln Hau Lpc diln manh me, quy tu hang tram dong hp tu nhieu mien que khac den day lap nghiep, nhanh chong tao nen rapt cpng dong eu dan dong dao, co ti'nh co ket cao, mang dam dau an va tara the ciia cu dan nong nghiep dung tmoc bien Cpng dong cu dan ven bien huyen Hau Lpc nam tten dia phan cua xa: Da Lpc, Hung Lpc, Minh Lpc, Ngu Lpc, Hai Lpc, Hoa Lpc Tuy nhien dia ban nghien cuu tuong doi rpng, de dat dupc muc dich nghien cmi, bai bao chpn cpng dong cu dan sinh song tai lang cl: Diem Phi (Ngu Lpc), Y Bich (Hai Lpc), Da Phan (Hai Lpc) lam cac nghien ciiru trudng hop Diera Pho, Y Bich, Da Phan la lang co co lich su hinh som nhat tten dai dat ven bien Hau Lpc, Iai cung la eac cpng dong cu dan tieu bieu dai dien cho Ioai hinh iang ven bien Hau Lpc (phan chia theo hoat dpng kinh te), cu the: Diem Pho (Ngir Lpc) la mpt Iang ngu nghiep, Y Bich (Hai Lpc) la lang diem nghiep; Da Phan (Hai Lpc) la lang nong nghiep va cQng la lang Cong giao toan tong Cimg sinh song tren dai dat ven bien, cpng dong dan cu a lang Diem Pho, Y Bich, Da Phan nhieu nam tro lai day deu chiu anh huang nang ne ciia bien doi moi tru'ong noi len la cac hien tugng thoi tiet Ichi hau cue doan, hien tugng nuoc biln dang, qua trinh biln tiln va dac biet hien tugng nhilm moi ttuong ven bien tram trpng Cimg vai biln dli moi tru'ong sinh thai, gSn thap ky phat ttien theo huang CNH, HDH eac cpng ding cit dan cung chung kien nhieu bien chuyen manh me cua kinh tl xa hoi Vai nhung dac dilm kl tren, Y Bich, Da Phan, Diem Phi co the la nhiing truimg hgp nghien ciiu diln hinh, mang dac tru'ng chung, dai dien cho cac cpng ding cu dan ven biln Hau Lpc ^ Vl thoi gian nghien ciru, bai bao cung tap trung lara ro su biln dli vai tro, vi tri, cau tnic gia dinh, dong hp cua cpng ding cu dan ven biln huyen Hau Lpc giai doan cu thi ttx 1986 - 2016 ttong so sanh voi giai doan truac nam 1986 Qua trinh dli moi kinh ti xa hgi keo dai suot thap ky cua d4t nuac 1986 - 2016 la tac nhan co ban tao nen nhimg biln doi vl van hoa cua nhieu cpng ding cu dan tren ca nude, co cpng ding cu dan ven bien Hau Lpc 2.2 Dac dilm gia dinh, dong hg truyin thong 6- vilng ven bien H | u Loc Mpt nhirng yeu to co ban dk tao nen xom, lang la gia dinh va dong ho K't ' dilu tta cua Pham Van Tuan, 2008, gia dinh va dong hg ciia nguoi Viet vimg ven b'" Hau Lpc gom loai: Gia dinh hat nhan va gia dinh mo rong nhung lang danl ' '"*'^"" tting thiiy hai san, ckn luc luong lao dgng Ion tham gia muu sinh tren biln ne ' ti""^' ttai tra mot ap luc nang ne vai nguai phu nu Ty Ie sinh qua cao datT" '^°" hep la nguyen nhan khiln cho cac Iang danh ca ven biln Hau Lpc phi biln loai hinh ^^ ^•'^^ ma rpng Ben canh ttong nhiing lang nong nghiep, mac dii dit dai rpng rai hon h'^ tam ly quan cu, on dinh nham giiip dai sing va san xuSt, loal hini ^^ tam dai ding duang, hi dai dong ducmg van rat phi biln [8; tt.96,97] 40 TAP CHi KHOA HQC TRlTCfNG PA! HOC HONG PtTC - SO 46.2019 Theo cu ba L.T Phan (75 tuli, lang Diem Phi) ba co nguai gai, ttai diu dang sinh sing tai lang Digm Phi Hien hp gia dinh ba co nguoi dang chung sing can nha dien tich 40ra^, gIm thi he ong ba, vp chlng trai ca va diia chau Cac trai khac song a kl ben xom Thanli Loc va cac xom khac mo hinh gia dinh mo rgng nhu h6 ciia cu ba Phan la rat bien Cac gia dinh lam nghi bien, tinh gia truong phu he thi hien kha ro net, dai sing kinh te dua han vao bien nen vai tro va quyen quylt dinh phu thupc vao nguai dan ong Phu nii a cac lang ngu nghiep nhu Diem Phi la luc lupng dong dao, dam nhiem vi tri quan trpng hoat dgng san xuat, dai song gia dinh va xa hgi nhien vai tro cua hp van chua dupe xac lap mot each binh dang Ci moi Iang ven bien huyen Hau Lpc deu co nhieu dong hp khac Thing ke tir ghi chep cua Dia chi Hai Loc, so lugng dong hp mot Iang o vimg ven bien Hau Lpc tuang dli lan, Y Bich co 16 dong hp, lang Lpc Tien co 18 dong hp, Iang Da Phan co hg [4; tr.27]; lang Diem Pho co so dong hg dong nhat voi 22 dong hp [9; tt.36] Rat hiem, hoac gan nhu khong CO lang, thon nao chi co mgt hg Nhimg dong hp den day khai hoang lap ap tii nhieu thai ky lich sir da tao nen mgt cpng dong gan kSt vai bang nhirng gia tri chung ttong quan he huyet thong chinh la sir co ket hiiu ca ben viing Su phong phii da dang cua dong hg cac lang ven bien Hau Lpc mpt mat phan anh be day lich sii hmh thanh, phat trien cua vimg dat, mat khac cho th§.y su phuc tap ve phan cu dan nai day Day la mpt dac trung rieng, rapt mat khang diiih quan he huyet thong van la quan he chinh ttong viec thiet lap to chiic lang Viet ven biln Hau Lpc; mgt mat chiing minh cho tinh than doan ket, gfin bo cua cu dan ven bien ttong viec hgp sire khai pha, chinh phuc viing dat mdi Gia pha dong hp dirge xem la tai san quy Vai tto cua trudng hp d cac Iang ven bien dac biet quan trpng, hp dam nhiera vai tto ngudi kl Uic thd ciing dng td chung, giU va quan ly huang hda, thuc hien quyin phan xii, giai quylt cac ttanh chap giGa nhirng ngudi ttong hg, tham chi quyet djnh ca nhimg v4n dk nhu cuoi xin, ma chay va ca nhirng van de it quan trpng hon Do su quan trpng cua ddng hg ttong ddi sing van hoa xa hpi, nen nhimg hoat dgng chung nhu hpp hp, gio hg dupc to chiic thudng xuyen va trd ll, hpi cua nhan dan Sau each mang thang Tara 1945 cho din nhimg nam 80 ciia thi ky trudc, anh hudng ciia chiln tranh va tu tudng bai trir me tin di doan, nhilu tir dudng cua cac ddng hp viing ven bien Hau Lpc bj pha bd; ddi sing kinh tl khd khan, nien tran, ddng hp va radi cl kit ddng hp giai doan bf suy giam manh rae Tir 1986 trd lai day, vai trd ciia ddng hp d§n duoc khoi phuc trd lai, cd vi tri vung chac ttong viec In dinh t l chii'c lang xa d viing que ven bien 2.3 Biln doi cua gia dinh dong ho cac lang ven bien HSu L6c du-oi tac dong cua thj hoa 2.3.1 Bien ddi quan hi gia dinh 2.3.1.1 Bien ddi vi logi hinh, cdu trite gia dinh Trong giai doan trudc nam 1986, d cac lang ven biln huyen Hau Loc van tdn tai hai Ioai gia dinh la gia dmh hat nhan va gia dinh md rgng Trong do, gia dinh hat nhan gom thi he bl me va cai; gia dinh md rgng la gia dinh cd ba thi he ttd Ien cimg chung sdng TAP CHJ KHOA HOC TRU'CUNG PAI HQC HONG PLTCj^jQjH^^ nhien giai doan plio bien nliat la loai hinh gia dinh ma rpng Ket qua dieu tra Ioai hinh gia dinh cua lang Diem Pho the hien qua bang dircri day co thi thay, so luong gia dmh mo rong deu chiem da so so voi gia dinh hat nh§n Ty le gia dinh ma rpng ciia Diem Pho tir nam 1990-2016 co giam tu 67,1% xuong 62,2% (giam 4,9%) - giam khong dang ke vong 25 nam Ciing giai doan nay, loai hinh gia dinh hat nhan cang co xu huang tang len nhung ty le tang ciing khong dang ke Ban vi: hg 4000 3000 2000 1000 2760 I• ^ l i t _J852^_ • So ho gia dinh I 1841 _ I 1901_ _ H 1^ III III • Ho gia dinh hat nhan a Ho gia dinh mcr rong Bieu Nhan khdu lang Di@m Pho giai doan 1990 - 2016 chia theo loai hinh gia dinh (Ngudn: UBND xd Ngu Loc) Trong d Iang Diem Pho, tl Ie chia tach gia dinh hat nhan xay it, thi d lang Da Phan va Y Bich, ti le cao han rat nhilu Ngay nay, thdng thudng, cai cudi vg, ga chlng, chi chung song vdi cha me - nam dSu, sau co xu hudng tach hg M6 hmh cai d rieng, d gan ttong xdm, ngo dang la xu hudng nii bat d lang Y Bich, Da Phan Dan vi- Ho I '""' - - -2ff -261 200 - - B U _ _ 13S._ 157 - - "^- "'- - 114-104 Tong s6 ho Gia dinh hat nhSn • Da Phan (ho) Gia dinh mo rpng "Y Bich (ho) Bigu Nhan khau lang Ba Phan, Y Bich nam 2016 chia theo logi hinh gia dinh (Nguin: UBND xd Ngtr Ldc) Trong xu huang phat tnen chung, viec chia tach ho tra ho dfln 13 1.1 I ' • • ^- 1, • J" • ^ , • • '^P dang tra xu huong cua gia dmh nong dan nong thon, xu huong hat nhan hoa gia ft' h • cang manh Mac dii vay, diSu kien tu nhien va phat trien kinh 16 xa hoi c' ' '^v^'^ khac nen mirc hat nhan hoa gia dinh cung khac d lang Diem Ph' i*^^*- ™^ gia dinh md rpng g6m tit the he tra len van dupc tri va la mo hinh quen th' - ° " " ^ hp gia dinh gom ong, ba, bo me, chau tham chi chat dSu dang sinh hoat tro '^' ," hp, dien tich trung binh chi tir 20 - 30ml Do dilu kien d4t th6 cu chat hen P " ^ ™ ' / ^ S " PI gia ca lai dat T ^ P CHi KHOA HQC TRlTONG BAI HOC HONG BlTC - SO 46.2019 do, viec chia tach hd ttong gia dinh Diem Phd gap nhilu khd khan Su thilu hut d§t dai va nha d tai Diem Phd la nguyen nhan tao nen mgt kilu gia dinh md rdng miln cudng, h§u hit nhimg cap vg chlng tte d Diem Phi khong cd lua chgn nao khac ia bat bugc sing cimg cha me iTu dilm cua kilu gia dinh md rgng tai Diem Phi la hinh cho ngudi dan lli sing ttgng tmh, co sir gan bo, chia se mat thiet giiJa cac viSn Trong loai hinh gia dinh md rong mien cudng biln d Diem Phi, thi Da Phan va Y Bich la lang co dien tich dat tu nhien Idn, gia dit thd cu re, nhu cau chia tach hg cua nam, nir men ldn, do Ioai gia dinh hat nhan chi cd bo me va cai co ti le Idn han (Da Phan: 54,9%, Y Bich: 60,%) Ben canh viec thay doi ve Ioai hinh gia dinh, quy md hg gia dinh d cac lang ven biln Hau Ldc cung dang cd xu hudng thu hep lai cac chinh sach ve dan sd kl hoach hda gia dinh cua dia phuong Iam giam ty le sinh cua dan cu xuong mirc dang ke Ty Ie tang dan sl tu nhien cua lang Diem Phd tir nam 2009 - 2016 giao dgng tir 1,0% - 1,05%, ti Ie tang tu nhien cua Iang Da Phan v a Y Bich tir 2000 - 2016, thap han giao ddng tir 0,9 -1,0% Ngudi dan, ke ca d nhirng lang ngu nghiep truyen thdng nhu Diem Phd cang y thiic dugc he qua ciia viec smh qua nhieu con, tang dan sd khdng chi anh hudng den chat lugng cuoc song ma cdn gian tiep lara giam chat lugng lao ddng, Iam tri tte qua trinh phat ttien kinh te xa hdi dia phuong Tuy nhien so vdi cac dia phuong ttong ca nudc, viing ven bien Hau Loc van la dia phuang cd ti Ie sinh thu cao 2.3.1.2 Biin ddi ve vai trd cua nd gidi ddi song gia dinh Cimg vdi qua trinh cong nghiep hda manh me hien nay, lao dgng nu ven bien Hau Loc dang ttmg budc chuyen doi viec Iam cua minh, tir Iam bien ddi ca can nghe nghiep, CO cSu thu nhap cua gia dinh C* ca lang khao sat, ty le hg kinh te thuan ngu giam va hg hon hpp - da nganh nghe tang, ty Ie lao ddng thuan ngu nghiep giam va ty 16 lao dgng nii tliam gia cac nganh nghi thuong mai, dich vu, thu cong nghiep va cdng nghiep cang tang Xu hudng biln ddi ttong thdi gian tdi la phu nil ven bien Hau Ldc se cang tham gia tich cyc hon vao thi tnrdng lao ddng chung cua ca nudc, nhat la cac nganh kinh te nhu: thuong mai - dich vu, cdng nghiep, thii cdng nghiep Cimg vdi sy chuyin dich cua ddi sdng kinh tl xa hgi, md hinh smh kl truyen thing thuan ngu, thu§n ndng khdng cdn phii hgp vdi xu hudng phat trien chung cua xa hdi, co cau kinh tl vung ven biln phat triln da nganh, da nghe da pha va thi dgc tdn ttong vai ttd cua nam gidi ven biln Hau Ldc Phu nir cang thi hien vi tri khdng the thay the cac hoat dgng sinh kl, dan giam bdt su Ie thuoc vao nam gidi Lao dgng nghi biln cd phan cdng lao dgng theo gidi rd rang, nguyen nhan chii ylu la tuih chdt ciia nghi bien ddi hoi sue khoe va thi lyc Ddi vdi gia dinh ngu dan d Diem Phi, nara gidi danh bat hai san (cdng viec diln tten biln), cdng viec chinli cua nir gidi la ngi trg, budn ban nhd va cac dich vu (hoat ddng tren bd) Y Bich, hoat ddng danh bat, nudi tring ngao nara gidi dam nhiera, san xiiSt thii cong nghiep, Iam mudi, budn ban nhd nu gidi dam nhiejn Anh hudng bdi co chl thi ttudng nang dgng, phu nu Hau Loc mot mat vin dong vai ttd chinh ttong cac hoat ddng sinh kl tmyIn thing, mat khac thara gia da dang cac hinh thirc sinh kl mdi tai dia phuang Ddi vdi boat ddng nghi ca, phu nu thi hien vai ttd hau can, trg giiip „ - ' i •" !!.,.' ''/. ' '.'i 43 TAP CHi KHOA HQC TRtTdNG B ^ HOC HONG QJfCjjOj^^^ chlng, ttong cong viec danh bat; la dau mli giao thucmg quan trgng giup dita cac san phSm danh bat cua ngu dan thi trudng tieu thu; la lyc lugng tham gia tich cyc cac hoat ddng cong nghiep, thu cong nghiep; phy nii cung la dau mdi chinh, tilp can ngudn thong tm vl vdn, khoa hoc ky thuat, Ben canh dd, bdi canh khd khan ciia hoat ddng danh bat tten biln, de dd dan chdng con, nu gidi ven bien san sang tham gia nhirng Ioai hinh smh ke nang nhge tren bd nhu: ganh ca thue, bdc vac da ianh, phcri ca, bdc tdm Nir gidi viing ven bien Hau Ldc da gdp siic dang ke ttong viec tao gia tti vat chat, dam bao tai chinh nham tti sy In dinh cua gia dinh, qua dd gop phan quan ttgng vao phat trien kinh te xa hgi dia phuong.^ Danh gia ve vai ttd ciia phu nir viing ven bien ddi sdng gia dinh 59,9% so ngudi dugc hdi khang dinh phy nil cd vai ttd tru cdt ttong ddi song gia dinh va xa hdi, 40,1% cho ring phu nir giu vai trd thii yeu phu giup nam gidi Ve tu ttrdng ttgng nam khinh niJ, 84,6% ngudi dan dugc hdi tra ldi tu tudng khdng cdn nang ne d vimg ven bien Hau Ldc Vdi vai ttd to ldn cua minh, phu nu viing ven bien cung vuan Ien giii quyen quyet dinh cac van de he trgng ciia ddi sdng gia dinh va xa hgi Dan vi: % • Chong ' - 'H^Bk ^ ^^^^^^H • Vo ^X'^^^^^^^M • Nguai nfr gioi cao tuoi gia dinh ^^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ " Nguai nam giai cao luoi gia dinh '• Hai va chong ciing ban bac dua quygt dnlh I Bilu d6 Quyen quyit dinh nhung viec he trong gia dinh 6- lang Diem Phd, Y Bich, Da Phan (Nguon: So heu dieu Ira khdo sal ciia lie gii thing 12/2016) Vai tto tru cot cua nam gioi khong thay dM nhung mai quan he nam nir ttong cac gia dinh hien da dan chu, binh ding ban Ti le phu nir tham gia viio viec quyjt djnh cac cong viec quan trpng gia dinh cang cao (45,8%) Mpi viec nha dju co su ban bac th6ng nhit giua nguoi vo va nguoi ch6ng (34,4%) d cac gia dinh ngu dan, thai gian dan ong di bien xa nha la chu yeu nen quyin quygt dinh cac cong viec gia dinh nhu vin dS chi tieu, sinh hoat dSu nguoi phu nu quylt djnh, nguoi chSng chi tham gia quyet dinh cac cong viec he 2.3.2 Biin doi Irong quan hi ddng ho Trong xu the van dong cua d6i moi, nguai cin mot thS tinh dl rSi, k! J, I 1 u>_ i^aii oarip Y^ tao su dieu boa cupc song, dong hp vai co so la tinh mau mu mot riia fto u ' • ,~ I • ' ^90 tua cun0 to tten, vol cac phong ttic va nghi le mang dam mau sac tam linh, da tro thimh h" H thin, giiip cung c6 nghi luc va niem tin cho nguoi; vi vay, nhu nhilu dia nl ° ™ ' ' ca nuoc, giai doan 1986 - 2016, viing ven biln Hau Lpc vai tro ciia doiieT™^ '^ dupc de cao va co anh huong ldn ttong dai sing lang xa Nghien ciru tai ij ' ''^P 'J«= CO thi thdy mpt so bien doi ca ban quan he dong ho nhu sau: ^" ' T » P CHl KHOA HOC TRlfdNG BAI HOC HONG BlTc - SO 46.2019 Thii nhdt, ca so they tu cua dong hp sau nhieu nam bi bo quen da dupc tu sua hoac xay dung mai tti tiln dong gop cua em ttong hp cac lang ven biln Hau Loc, phong trio chung sure xay dung nha tha nhilu nam lai day kha ph6 biln Nhilu ngoi tii duong dupc xay dvmg khang ttang vira la noi tho cung t6 tien vira lii noi quy ttr chau nho vl cpi nguIn vil tu hap vl gia tpc, gop phin xay dung nong thon moi, lam thay dli b6 mat viing n6ng thon ven bien Ben canh nhiing nha thcr ho dirpc xay dung mai, vung ven biln Hau Lpc hien cp nhilu tir duong da dupc xay dung hang ttam nam, den vin nguyen gia tn vtji nhimg net kiln true dpc dao, tai hoa, khong gian hai hoa Day cung la nai thtr cac vi thuy tl, nhihig nhan vat lich sir cua dong tpc co nhieu dong gop cho dat nuac o moi thoi ky Nhieu cong trinh dupc nhii nuac khap sat, nghien ciru va lap ho so khoa hpc de nghi xep hang la di tich lich Sli van hoa cap Tinh Tieu bieu la nha tho hp Dang xa Ngu Lpc, nha tha ho Tang xa Hang Lpc, nha tha hp Nguyen Dinh xa Minh Lpc, nha thcr hp Le Doan Giai xa Hai Loc, nha tha hp Pham Thanh xa Hpa Lpc Nham neu cao truyen thong lich sir van hoa cua dong hp, d6ng thai tang them niem tu hao ciing nhu tinh co ket ciia dong hp, d nhieu nha tho da thuc hien viec dich cac gia pha chir Han chit Qu6c ngu' de luu truyen ttong cac chi hp Bai dien ca ve cong dire, thiin the su nghiep due thiiy to Chu Ngan Chu Manh Luyen viet nam 1942, gia pha hp Trin, gia pha hp Pham (duac soan nam 1848), gia phii hp Dang (soan thang Ba nam Thieu Tri thii -1844), gia pha chi thir hp Dang (soan thang Mucii mpt nam At Ty 1845) cr xa Ngu Lpc da dupc Thu vien Khoa hpc ting hpp Thanh Hoa dich tir nam 1991 Ngoai viec dich cac cu6n gia pha chit Han, cac dong hp cung chii ttpng den viec xay dung cac tpc pha moi [3; tt.l82] Diem Phi hien la lang co nliilu nha tho hp nhit vdi 79 nha thtr hp Tir duang ciia dong hp vin dong truang va dong dich ttong nom Thu hai, song song vol viec tu b l , xay dung moi khong gian tha tu, la viec tri tro lai cac hoat dpng thuang xuyen cOa dong hp Mac dii mli tpc hp boat dpng theo mo hinh t l chirc va quy mo khac nhau, nhung muc tteu chung deu la su tap hpp chau cam kit thuc hien nhiing quy uoc vl truyin thing gia tpc, phim chit dao dire, xay dung nep song van hoa van mmh trpng gia dinh, hp mac Hiu hit hp tpc diu lap hoi dong gia toe, boat dpng theo nguyen tic tu nguyen, tu giac, tu quan Vai tro cua cac gia tpc dupc thi hien sau sjc cac boat dpng xa hpi Thong qua sinh hoat gia tpc, hpi ddng gia tpc thudng xuyen hryen ttuyen, van dpng cac vien va chau thuc hien tdt cac quy udc cpng ddng, van ddng xay dung nep sdng van minh, nhat la viec cuoi, viec tang, 16 hpi Dac biet, hiu hit gia tpc diu xay dung dupc quy khuyin hpc, khuyin tai va thuc hien CP bai biin, nin nip cac hinh thuc cap hpc bdng, tang thuang cho chau dat tich hpc tap tdt Nho quy udc, huong udc, cac ddng toe da khong ngimg phat huy ttiiyin thing ciia minh, hudng irng ttiyen truyin van dpng chau tham gia phong triio dia phuang, phat triln kinh tl gia dinh, dong gdp cdng sue va vat chat vao xay dung que huang, giu gin an ninh ttat tu thdn xom Trong cac hoat ddng thudng nien cua dong ho, ddi vdi cu dan ven biln Hau Lpc gid hp dupc coi nhu mdt "ll hdi" thu nhd Day la dip chau ciia ddng hp dang sinh sdng lam an khjp noi duoc sum vly doan tu, ciing chia se nhimg thiinh cong cung nhu TAP CHi KHQA HOC TRtTCXNG DAI HOC HONG Blfs6j620}9 nhdng khd khan, thyc hien giao due got bd nhung digu chua hay, nhan len dieu tdt dep de cimg tign bd lang Y Bich gid hp thudng dugc td chuc vao dau xu§n trudc ram thang gieng, Ngu Ldc thudng td chiic sau hdi Iang 15 thang Hai hang nam, trudc mua khai Day dugc cho !a mot net dep van hda the hien ldi sdng ttong tinh cam, hieu nghia, tmh cd kk Clia gia dinh, ddng hg d viing ven bien ma thi hda chua the pha vd Nhu vay cd the thay, mac du ddi sdng cang hien dai, nhung vai ttd cua cac ddng hg cang dugc khang dinli d cae Iang que ven bien Hau Ldc Dudi anh hudng cua dong hg, cac ca nhan dugc ket noi ben chat thong qua sgi day huyet thdng da tao nen sire manh bugc hg phai di^u chinh hanh vi nhara kS tuc net dep, nhixng gia tti van hda dac biet cua ddng hg Trong diau kien kinh te thi ttudng, th^ he tte cang phung sy ldi sdng ca nhan, thd a ttong cac radi quan he gia dmh, lang xdm; thi ddng hg dang cd nhimg dong gdp quan ttgng vao viec gin giir va khcri ggi cac gia tri, tri nhiing chuan rayc dao due nham dinh hudng nhan each va loi song cho th6 he tte, qua dd ciing gdp phan bao tdn van hda truyen thdng cua dan tgc Thu 3, Y thuc hudng ve ngudn cgi da lam sinh manh me xu hudng phuc dong hg d cac lang que ven bien Hau Ldc Tuy nhien, CNH, HDH va thi hda dang dat ddng hg trudc nhiing Ichd khan va thach thiic mdi bugc phai vugt qua, ttong phai ke den hien tugng chay dua theo kieu "con ga hon tieng gay" giixa cac gia tgc ttong lang Nhieu dong hg dua xay dyng md td that to dep, hoanh ttang, khdng it hg tgc dua triing m nha thd ldn ttong gia canh cac gia dinh hg cdn khd khan Cimg vdi dd la rat nhieu he luy nhu nang ve cung te cd ban xoi thit, chu trgng xay nha thd raa nhe vS giao due dao diic tinh cam, cd noi thu chi khdng minh bach gay nghi ngd, mSt doan kdt ngi bg giiia cac chi, canh hg Nhu cau xay dyng va triing tu nha thd hg la chinh dang, song anh hudng cua ldi sdng hien dai, su thay ddi nhan thuc cung nhu quan di^m kidn triic, vimg ven bien Hau Ldc ciing xuat hien khdng it nha thd hg vdi phong each Iai tap, rudm ra, mang nang tinh phd ttirong, danh mat di "hon cdt" cua kien tnic ttuydn thong Viet ndi rieng va ban sac van hda Viet ndi chung Ben canh dd su hinh ciia mgt tSng Idp nien thS he mdi, nhung ngudi tte thich tu do, khdng chiu sy rang bugc cua cac mdi quan he gia dinh, ddng hg Th6 he tre viing ven bien cang it tham gia vao cac cong viec chung cua ho tgc ma chu y6u la thi he trung nien tir 45 - 50 mdi Su rang bugc Idng leo giira cac thi he ttong ddng hg cang danh mat vai trd giao dye ngudi - vai trd co ban tri sy tdn tai cua dong ho ddi sdng hien dai KET LUAN Trong boi canh hien dai hda, vai trd ciia gia dinh va ddng hg vdi nhimg gia tr t"t d va dac trung ttong n6p sdng khdng nhiing khdng bi mai mgt ma cdn thich line h'" d"^" ^^ cac gia tri radi va cd kha nang trudng tdn cimg vdi ddi song Iang xa ciia cdno d" ' -** ven bidn Hau Ldc Gia dinli cd xu hudng chia tach manh rae gia dinh hat nh" ^^ ^xac lap vai trd quan trgng khdng the thay thd cua mmh cac gia dinh ven bid n ^ ^'*^' ddng hg va cgng ddng ragt raat luu giu' dugc tinh cam ttuydn thdng tdt dep, l6i s' -^"^ -^ ttong tinh duoc gin giii, mat khac dSn phat tridn theo xu hudng ca nlian hda td ^^" ^?^ ' " ^'"'^"g quyen TAP CHl KHOA HOC TRU'ONG DAI HOC HONG BIIC - SO 46.2019 quylt dinh cua cac ca thi Chinh quyin dia phuang va nhan dan tim dupc tiing ndi chung ttong viec giai quylt cac van de xa hpi phuc tap dang cd xu hudng sinh cang nhilu Gia tri tdt dep cua cac td van hda dupc duang ttong cdng ding trd nhihig chuin muc gdp phan dieu chinh xa hpi, giiip bao ton, gin giii va phat huy net dep van hda cua cpng ddng cu dan ven bien Hau Ldc boi ciinh Men dai TAI LIEU THAM KHAO [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] Nguyln Chi Bin (2015), Vdn hda biin ddo Viet Nam, gia In vd cdch Hep nhdn, in Ky yeu Hpi thao khoa hpc Qudc t l Bdo vi vd phdt huy gid tri vdn hda bien ddo Viet Nam, Nha Trang Dang uy - HDND - UBND Huyen Hau Lpc (1995), Bia ehi Hdu Loc, Nxb Van hda Thdng tin Ha Npi Dang iiy - HDND - UBND Xa Ngu Ldc (1998), flia ehi Ngu Loc - Biim Phd Nxb Thanh Hda, Thanh Hda Dang uy - HDND - UBND Xa Hai Lpc (2000), Bia chi Hdi Loc, Nxb Thanh Hda, Thanh Hda Dang iiy - HDND - UBND xa Hung Ldc (2002), Bia chi Hung Loc, Nxb Thanh Hda, Thanh Hoa Pham Van Diu (1999), Fii??/loa/foa Lpc, Nxb Van hda - Thdng tin Ha Npi Phan Nguyen (1998), Viic ldm ddi vdi nit lao dong viing biin, Ky yeu Hoi thao khoa hpc ve viec lam Vien Nghien cim Thanh nien phdi hop vdi Trung tam Nghien ciiu Phu nir thuc hien Pham Van Tuin (2008), Ca cdu td chirc xd hoi truyin thong cia ldng Viet ven bien Hau Loc, linh Thanh Hoa, Luan an Tiln si chuyen nganh Dan tpc hoc, Vien Dan tpc hpc - Vien Han Lam Khoa hpc Viet Nam, Ha Npi FAMILIES AND THEIR CLANS IN HAU LOC COASTAL VILLAGES, THANH HOA PROVINCE IN THE MODERN TIMES Nguyen Thi Viet Hung ABSTRACT Under Ihe impact of Ihe industrialization, modernization, families and clans in Hau Loc coastal villages have changed strongly in terms of family type and structure towards nuclear families, the increasing role of women in family life and society: The role of the clans in modern life is maintained and emphasized again, consolidating the community of the village to maintain Ihe tenacity and awareness of the people on social issues Keywords: Families, clans, coastal villages Hau Loc district Ngdy nop bdi: 9/9/2019: Ngdy gui phdn bien 2/10/2019: Ngdy duyit ddng: 8/11/2019 47 ... 1986, d cac lang ven biln huyen Hau Loc van tdn tai hai Ioai gia dinh la gia dmh hat nhan va gia dinh md rgng Trong do, gia dinh hat nhan gom thi he bl me va cai; gia dinh md rgng la gia dinh cd ba... que ven bien 2.3 Biln doi cua gia dinh dong ho cac lang ven bien HSu L6c du-oi tac dong cua thj hoa 2.3.1 Bien ddi quan hi gia dinh 2.3.1.1 Bien ddi vi logi hinh, cdu trite gia dinh Trong giai... so voi gia dinh hat nh§n Ty le gia dinh ma rpng ciia Diem Pho tir nam 1990-2016 co giam tu 67,1% xuong 62,2% (giam 4,9%) - giam khong dang ke vong 25 nam Ciing giai doan nay, loai hinh gia dinh