Nghiên cứu các nhân tố ảnh hưởng đến động lực làm việc của nhân viên tại bảo hiểm xã hội tỉnh bến tre

Nghien culi cac nhan to anh hu'dng den dong li/c lam viec cua nhan vien tai Bao hiem xa hoi tmh Ben Tre • • N G U Y I N VAN TIEN' HQYNH TRIEU NHCTT ANH" Tdm tat Nghiin cffu ddnh gid cdc nhdn tddnh hudng din ddng luc ldm viic cda nhdn viin tgi Bdo hiem xd hgi (BHXH) tinh Bi'n Tre Ket qud nghien cffu cho thdy co nhdn id, dd Id: (i) Thu nhgp (TN); (ii) Bdi dudng vd thdng lien (BDTT); (iii) Quan he dong nghiep (QHDN); (iv) Ddc tinh cdng viic (DTCV); (v) Phdc lgi (PL); (vi) Dieu kiin ldm viic (DKLV); (vii) Quan hi qudn ty (QHQL) dnh hudng de'n ddng lffc ldm viic cda nhdn vien tgi BHXH tinh Bi'n Tre Trf khda: nhdn tddnh hudng, dgng lffc ldm viic BHXH ttnh Be'n Tre Summary The study is to evaluate factors affecting work motivation of employees al Ben Tre province's Social Insurance Agency The outcome reveals seven influential faclors which are (i) Income, (ii) Retraining and promotion, (iii) Colleague relations, (iv) Job characteristics, (v) Benefits (vi) Working conditions, (vti) Management relationship Keywords: influential factors, work moiivaiion, Ben Tre province's Social Insurance Agency GIOI THIEU BHXH tinh Be'n Tre cd chffc ndng nhidm vu thffc hien che'dd, chinh sach BHXH cho ngffdi lao dgng tham gia BHXH, bao hiem y te, bao hiem that nghiep tren dia ban Tinh Tuy nhidn, thdi gian qua, cdng tac quan tri nguon nhan life tai BHXH linh Ben Tre vSn ton tai nhffng han che nha't dinh, nhff: nhan vien van tn viec lam, nhuiig dgng lffc giam sut, thie'u tich cffc va chffa cd y thffc tff ndng cao trinh dp dan de'n hidu qua lam viec tha'p Mac du BHXH tinh Ben Tre da cd nhiihg thay ddi tich cffc nham tao dgng life cho nhan vien, nhff: thu nhap blnh quan cua nhan vidn dffdc lang len, khdng ngifng cai thien ehe dp phuc ldi va dieu kidn lam viec , nhiflig van chffa lam hai ldng, chffa tao dffdc ddng life thrfc sff dd' ngrfdi lao dpng yen tam cdng tdc va cd'ng hie'n gdp phan phdt trien BHXH tinh Bd'n Tre Do do, bai vid't nghien ciili cac nhan td anh hffdng den dong Iffe lam viee ciia nhan vien tai BHXH tinh Ben Tre, tff dd, de xua't mgt so ham y quan tri nham nang eao dgng life lam viec cua nhan vien tai cd quan CO S6 LY THUYET VA PHU'CNG PHAP NGHIEN CL/U Cd sd ly thuye't Khdi nipn ve dgng lffc ldm vi^c Theo Maier va Lawler (1973) ddng life la sff khao khat, tff nguyen ciia mdi cd nhan dffdc kich thich bdi nhiihg cdng cu phu hdp mdi trffdng to chffc, doanh nghiep Nghidn cffu eiia Biii Anh Tua'n va Pham Thiiy Hffdng (2013) eho rang, dgng lffc dffdc hid'u la ta't ca nhffng gi thdi thiic ngffdi hay tdc ddng Idn ngffdi, tff dd thiie day ngrfdi hoat ddng Moi cd nhan khac se cd nhffng ddng lffc khdc va cd dpng lffc thiic day hp se nd lffc h^t sffc de dat dffde nhifng mong mud'n, muc dich Clia minh dieu kien cho phep Clia ban than hay mdi trffdng Nghien cu^i cua Mai Thanh Lan vS Nguydn Thi Minh Nhan (2016) cung cho thay, ddng life lam viec la nhffng mong mud'n, khao khdt eiia ngffdi lao ddng dffde kich thich de hg nd lffc hoat ddng nham dat dffdc nhffng muc tidu nha't dmh Clia ca nhan va id ehffe Cdc nghien cffu lien quan Da cd nhieu nghien cffu lidn quan de'n dpng lffc lam vide ciia ngffdi lao dgng d ca va ngoai nffdc Cd the ke' dd'n nhff: Tren thd' gidi, hpc thuyd't nhu cau ciia Ma.slov (1943), thuyet nhu eau ciia •JS., Trifdng Dai hpc Ngan hang TP H6 Chi Minh " Bao hiSm xa hoi Ben Tre, tinh Ben Tre Nga\ nhdn bdi OS/6/2020; Ngdy phdn bien 20/6/2020 Nvd\ dii\ef ddng: 26/6/2020 214 McClelland (1985), hgc thuye't ky vpng Clia Vroom (1964) da cho tha'y, cd 10 nhdm nhan td'cd th^ giup nang cao dgng life lam viec cua nhan vien, dd la: (1) An todn cdng vide; (2) Sff ddng cam vdi cdc van d^ ca nhdn ngffdi lao ddng; (3) Trung cd nhan vdi to chffc; (4) Thich thu c6ng vide; (5) Dieu kien lam viec td't; (6) Ky ludt td chffc hdp ly; (7) Lrfdng/Thu nhap cao; (8) Thang tie'n va phat trien nghe nghidp; (9) Cam nhan bd'n phan cua cd nhdn vdi to chffc; (10) Dffpc danh gid cao cdc qua da ddng gdp Nghien cffu ciia Smith, Kendall va Hulin (1969) ve sff thda man cdng viec thdng qua chi sd' md ta cdng viec JDI (Job Descriptive index) lidn quan de'n cac nhu cau eiia nhdn vien tai ndi lam viec, bao gom: (1) Ban chat cdng vide; (2) Ti^n Irfdng; (3) Thang tie'n; (4) Ddng nghiep; (5) Sff giam sat cua cap tren Tai Viet Nam, cung da cd nhieu nghien cffu de cap cde nhan to tao ddng life lao ddng cho nhdn vidn, did'n hinh nhff nghidn cffu ciia Nguydn Khac Hodn (2010) ve cac ye'u td'anh hffdng de'n dgng lffc lam vide ciia nhan vien tai Ngan hang Thffdng mai Cd' phan A Chau - Chi nhanh Hud'da dffa md hinh gdm yd'u td: (1) Mdi trffdng lam viec; (2) Lffdng thffdng va phiic lpi; (3) Cach thffc bd' tri cong viee; (4) Hffng thu cdng vide; (5) Trien vong phdt trien Trdn cd sd phdn tich cdc cdng trinh nghien cffu va dieu kidn thffc tidn cua Viet Nam, nhdm tac gia da drfa md hinh nghien cffu cac nhan to' anh hffdng de'n ddng lffc lam viec ciia nhan vien tai BHXH tinh Be'n Tre, bao gdm: (I) Thu nhdp; (2) Boi dffdng va thdng tid'n; (3) Quan he vdi lanh dao; (4) Quan he vdi ddng nghidp; (5) Ddc tinh cdng vide; (6) Dieu kidn tdm vide; (7) Phiic lpi Md hinh nghidn cffu dffdc de xud't nhff Hinh, Phifc^g phap nghidn eihi Nghien cffu dffdc thffc hidn bang phrfdng phap djnh linh ke't hdp vdi phffdng phap dinh Irfdng Cu the: Nghien cffu dinh tinh dffdc thffc hidn thdng qua thao luan nhdm gdm 10 edn bp, chuydn gia, nhdn vidn ITnh vffc nhdn srf, ldm viec tai BHXH tinh Be'n Tre nham dieu chinh thang va bd' sung ndi dung cdc bie'n quan sat dilng de Irfdng cac khdi nidm nghidn cihi Dd'i vdi nghien effu dinh Iffdng nhdm tae gid da tie'n khao sdt bang bang hoi dd'i vdi 200 can bg nhan vidn cua BHXH Economy and ForcL-dsi Rc^ HINH: MO HINH NGHIEN CtfG DE XUAT BANG 1: KET QGA PHAN TICH CRONBACH'S ALPHA BiSii Trung binh Phif 1, phffdng sai trich ddoc la 80.959% va chi sd KMO la 0.814 Vi thd', viee phan dch nhan td la phCi hdp va phffdng sai trich dat yeu cau > 50% (Bang 2) Phan tich hdi quy Kd'l qua hoi quy d Bang cho thay, ta't ca nhan tddeu cd tdc ddng de'n ddng Irfc lam vide cua nhan vien tai BHXH tinh Bd'n Tre (Sig < 0.05), vdi mffc anh hffdng de'n ddng Iffe lam vide theo thff tff tdc ddng gidm dan la: Thu nhap (TN) vdi he sd hdi quy la 0.296; Boi dffdng va thang tie'n (BDTT) vdi he so' hdi quy la 0.215; Quan he ddng nghidp (QHDN) vdi he sdhdi quy la 0,205; Ddc tinh cdng vide (DTCV) vdi he sd'hdi quy la 0.165; Phuc ldi (PL) vdi he sdhdi quy la 0.158; Dieu kidn lam vide (DKLV) vdi he so' hoi quy la 0.152; Quan he quan ly (QHQL) vdi he sd hdi quy la i 14 Ke't qua phan tich hdi quy tuye'n tinh bgi cho tha'y, R- dieu chinh = 0.627 ndi ldn dd thich hdp eua md hinh la 62,7% hay ndi each khdc la 62,7% sff bie'n thidn cua bie'n Ddng lffc lam \iec (DL) dffdc giai thich bdi bie'n ddc lap tren KET LUAN VA MQT SO DE XUAT Kd't luan Kd't qua nghidn cffu eho tha'y, ta't ea nhan to ddu cd tdc ddng de'n dgng lffc lam vide cua nhan vien tai BHXH tinh Be'n Tre theo thff trf tic ddng gidm dan la: Thu nhdp; Boi dffdng \a thang tie'n; Quan he ddng nghiep; Dae iinh cdng viec; Phuc ldi; Dieu kien lam \ iec; Quan he quan ly MOt s d d i xua't De ndng cao ddng lffc lam viec cua nhan vidn tai BHXH tinh Bd'n Tre, nhdm tdc gia de xua't mgt so' giai phap sau: Thff nhdt ve thu nhgp BHXH tinh Ben Tre can xdy dimg hd thd'ng lffdng edng bang va dat dffdc muc tidu cd ban, dd la: thu hiit lao dpng, tn lao ddng gidi, khuye'n khich ddng vidn nhan vidn lam vide tich crfc, dap iihg cde yeu cau cua phap luat Ben canh dd, can tham khao, so sanh thu nhap cua nhdn vidn vdi cac ddn vi, cdc nganh khac va ddnh gia dung vi tri, vai tro ctia tiftig nhan vien td chffc de xac dinh mffc thu nhap phu hdp De ldm vide nay, BHXH tinh Ben Tre can ed bang md ta edng vide eho tffng vi tri cu die, giup timg nhdn vidn nhdn bie't dffdc vi tri, vai trd va ddng gdp ciia mmh tffdng xu^g vdi thu nhdp dffdc dai ngd, van dung linh hoat hinh thu'c nang Iffdng h-ffdc thdi han, tffdng xffng vdi tich cd'ng hie'n cua nhdn vien Thff hai, ve boi dffdng vd thdng tii'n Ddn vi can thffdng xuyen soat, ddnh gid lai chffdng trmh dao tao nham dieu chinh han chd' va cai tid'n ndi dung, phffdng phap dao tao cho phiJ hdp dd' cap nhdt ky nang, kie'n thffc cho nhdn vidn Thffc hidn ddnh gia kha nang van dung kien thffc cua nhan vien sau ke't thuc khoa hgc lam cd sd tang Iffdng va dgng vien ngffdi cd y thffc nd lffc phd'n da'u, tich cffc cdng tde, ddng thdi cung lao dieu kien thuan ldi di hg hpc tap, bdi dffdng nang cao trinh dp cd nhu cau Bdn canh dd, can tao mdi trffdng lam viec cdng bang, ghi nhan khaeh quan, c6ng khai sff ddng gdp, thdnh tich, mffc hoan nhiem vu cua tffng ca nhdn lam ed sd cho vide binh xet va quyd't dmh bd nhiem chffc vu quan ly chinh xac va cdng bang TAILitU THAM KHAO Thff ba, ve quan he dong nghiep Ban ldnh dao cdn tdng cffdng ede hoat ddng, nhff: td chffc cde hoat dgng giao lffu van nghe, the thao, du lieh, sinh hoat tap thd', trd chdi mang tinh ehd't dgi nhdm,,, nham tao mdi trffdng than thidn, doan kd't, hda ddng giffa nhffng ngffdi lao dgng va lanh dao Thff tu ve dieu kiin ldm viec De nang cao ddng lffc lam vide eiia can bd nhan vidn, BHXH tmh Be'n Tre can dam bdo cung cd'p day du cdc thie't bi vd phffdng tidn thffc hidn cdng vide cho nhdn vidn, tao dieu kidn thuan ldi cho nhan vidn phat huy hd't kha ndng va hodn td't edng vide eua minh Khuyd'n khich cdc nhdn vien cac bg phan doan kd't, chia se nhffng khd khan khdng chi cdng vide, ma cdn ca cugc sd'ng hang bang vide thdm hdi, ddng vidn ldn Thff nam, ve phtic lgi Bdn canh viec tid'p tuc tri ede phuc ldi cd ban, BHXH tinh Ben Tre can Iffu y cai thidn phue ldi cdng thdm cho nhan vidn, ndng cao hieu qua boat ddng cdng doan nhdm quan tam nhieu hdn de'n ldi ich eua ngffdi lao ddng Thff sdu ve ddc tinh cdng viic Lanh dao BHXH tinh Bdn Tre can nam rd dac diem cdng viec cua tffng vi tri ciing nhff nang lffc, sd trrfdng cua tffng cd nhan de bd'tri hg vao vi tri phii hdp Ddng thdi, cd nhffng hinh thffc ddng vidn, khich Id dd'i vdi nhffng vi tri cdng vide cd yeu cau ky nang, lay nghe cao, hay cac ca nhan cd tich xua't sac thrfc hidn nhidm vu, trdnh cao bang, nham tao dgng Irfc cho nhan vien hang say thi dua lam vide Thff bdy, vi quan hi qudn ly De xay dffng md'i quan he td't, ddn vi can thffdng xuydn phdt ddng phong trao thi dua cdng vide ciing nhff hoat ddng dodn the' cho mgi ngffdi cung tham gia, chu y ed nhffng hinh thffc khen thffdng phil hdp, tao sff gdn bd td chffe td't hdn Hdn nffa, can bd quan ly phai ludn tim hieu tam tff nguyen vpng cua nhan vien, bie't ldng nghe nhffng y kien gdp y, de xua't cua nhan vidn va giai quyd't kip thdi cung nhff cha'n chinh edng tde quan ly cho phu hdp Tao dieu kien va cd che' de cdc nhan vien phat huy quyen lam chu cua minh thdng qua doan the, hdi nghi cdng nhdn vien chffc hang nam.Q _ _ _ _ _ Bui Anh Tua'n va Pham Thuy Hffdng (2013) Hdnh vi td chffc Nxb Dai hge Kinh td' Qudc dan Mai Thanh Lan va Nguydn Thi Minh Nhan (2016) Gido trinh Qudn tri nhdn lffc cdn bdn Nxb Tho'ng ke Nguydn Khdc Hoan (2010) Cac yd'u tdanh hrfdng de'n ddng lffc lam viec cua nhdn vidn Nghidn cffu trffdng hdp tai Ngan hang TMCP A Chdu - Chi nhdnh Hud', Tgp chi Khoa hgc Dai hgc Hui', so 60 Maier and Lawler (1973) Motivation tn work organizations Belmont, Calif: Brooks/Cole, 61-88 Maslow, A H, (1943), A theory of human motivation Psychological Review, 50(4), 370-396 McClelland, D C (1985) Human motivation Cambridge University Press USA Smith, P C , Kendall, L., and Hulin, C L (1969) The measurement of satisfaction in work and retirement Chicago, IL: Rand McNally Vroom V H (1964) Work and motivation Neu York, Wiley USA Economy and ForecjNl Revie 217 ... bie'n ddc lap tren KET LUAN VA MQT SO DE XUAT Kd't luan Kd't qua nghidn cffu eho tha'y, ta't ea nhan to ddu cd tdc ddng de'n dgng lffc lam vide cua nhan vien tai BHXH tinh Be'n Tre theo thff... ddng lffc lam viec cua nhan vidn tai BHXH tinh Bd'n Tre, nhdm tdc gia de xua't mgt so' giai phap sau: Thff nhdt ve thu nhgp BHXH tinh Ben Tre can xdy dimg hd thd'ng lffdng edng bang va dat dffdc... luan nhdm gdm 10 edn bp, chuydn gia, nhdn vidn ITnh vffc nhdn srf, ldm viec tai BHXH tinh Be'n Tre nham dieu chinh thang va bd' sung ndi dung cdc bie'n quan sat dilng de Irfdng cac khdi nidm