LUATKESHTE 21 THONG BAO TAP TRUNG KINH TE TRONG PHAP LUAT CANH TRANH HA THI THANH BINH Khoa L u l t Thuong mai, Dai hoc LuEit TP H6 Chi Minh Department of Commercial Law, Ho Chi Minh City University of Law Email' httbiiih@hcmidaw.edu Tom tat Ben cgnk mot so vu viec t^p trung kinh te cd tac dong bdt 10 din canh tranh, nhiiu thuong vu tap trung kinh te co dnh hudng tich cifc viec tao randng luc canh tranh hoac tham chi thuc ddy canh tranh tren thi trudng Chinh vi vay, cdc quy dinh phdp luat kiem sodt tap trung kinh ti can duac xdy dung vd dp dung theo cdch vita bdo ve canh tranh viea khong de doa viec van hdnh Idnh manh cua thi trucmg canh tranh Thong bdo tdp trung Idnh te du^rc xem nhu chdt chan ddu tien qud trinh kiem sodt tdp trung kinh te vd dong vai tro quan trgng viec ndng cao hieu qud cua^ vi^c kiem sodt tap trung kinh ti tren thi truang Bdi viet ndy i phdn tich vai tro cua thong bdo tap trung kinh te phdp luat chong han chi canh tranh; ii trinh bdy kit qud nghien dm cdc quy dinh cua Viet Nam vd mot so quoc gia ve nguang thong bdo tap trung kinh te vd cdc tieu chi thdm dmh tac dong hgn chec^nh tranh cua cdc vu viec tdp trung kinh le; vd iii goi ma mot so de xual gdp phdn hodn thien mot so quy dinh ve thong bdo tap trung kinh ti phdp luat canh tranh Viet Nam Tukhoa: kiem sodt tap trung kinh te, thong bdo tap trung kinh te, nguang thong bdo, mua bdn vd sdp nhap, luat canh tranh Abstract Apart from somemerging undertakings which result in adversary impacts on competition, most mergers have positive effects on creating competitive competence or even on promoting competition in the market.Having said that, economic concentration control provisions are required to be adopted and implemented in the manner that, on the one hand, protect compelion and on the other hand, nol threaten the effective operations of competitive markets.Merger notification is deemed to be the gatevalve in the process ofcontroling economic concentration and it plays an important role to promote the efficiencies of economic concentration control This articlefi) analyses the role of merger notification in competition laws; (ii) presents the result of the research on the laws and regulations of Vietnam and of some other selected countries on merger notification thresholds and criteria to determine the anti-competitive effects of merger undertakings; and (iii) proposes some recommendations for the improvement of regulations on merger notification in Vietnam Keywords: merger control, merger notification, notification thresholds, merger and acquisation competiton law Ngdy nhdn bdi: 15/11/2019 Ngdy duyet ddng 15/01/2019 ap tnmg kinh tg la mpt hinh thiic tich tu kinh tg ma, td chuc lai doanh nghiep duoi tu ban gop phSn lam tang gia tri doanh nghiep va dugc thuc hien cang phd biSn nin kinh ti thi truang Voi su gia tang cang nhilu ca vh s6 lugng va quy mo cac vu mua ban va sap nhap (M&A) a Viet Nam hi6n cho th4y nin kinh tl nuac ta khong nam ngoai xu thi do.' Trong mot nin • cac hinh thuc lien ket giiip cac doanh nghiep d6i voi thuc trang canh tranh khoe liet Viec ciing giup hinh nhiing doanh nghiep co kha nang canh tranh cao, va co thi giiip nang cao nang luc canh tranh cua mot nganh kmh tl Tuy nhien, tich tu tu ban lai la tiln de cho viec tao lap quyen luc thi trucmg va canh tranh tren thi truang ' Theo nhom nghien cim ciia Dign dan M&A Viet Nam 10 nam qua, da co g k 4.000 thucmg vu airgrc tao lap, vol tone gia tri dat Ichoang 48,8 ty USD ^^ jj^g j , ^ T^^^I c h i h o a c b i b o p m e o V o i v a i ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ " ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ • ^^^^ ^^^ ^ ^ ^ , ' •- , „ , S„'^A*I,A„- T n • L- - -,^',^' - r $ - -„ nhai giai quyet duac mau thuan thong qua QuymothitiTiangnam2017 t a n g lan so v o i n a m 2008.Riengtrongnam2017,t6nggia1riM&AtaJViet P ^ " " S^'^'H^J" ^ ' ^ ,-, i v i e c k i e m SOat h o a t d o n g t a p t m n g k i n h t e t*nh, "M&A tai Viet Nam vuot m c l ty USD", Bdo Chinh phit, htlp://baochinhphu.vn/UtJlities/PrmtView ibutionid=342105, truy cap 17/10/2018, vua dugc quoc hpi Khoa XIV ky hpp thii 1175% so voi nam 2016 Du bao nam 2018, xac dinh ISn ranh giiia cac giao dich tap trung Namd9tl0,2iyUSD,rauccaonhlttirtruacdennayva ciia cac doanh nghiep Viec kiem soat gia trj M&A c6 thS dat 6,5 - 6,9 ty USD Xem: Hien y^^ ^g 1,^ ^ ^ m v a c a c g i a o d i c h d u g c p h e p ^^^^ ^^^^ L ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^^ ^5 / / Q H 22 TAP CHi KHOA HQC PHAP LY VIET NAM S d O l O g V ^ thong qua 12/6/2018 (Luat Canh tranh nam 2018) dugc danh gia la co each tilp can phii hgp hon voi thong le qu6c te viec kilm soat cac hanh vi tap trung kinh te Tuy nhien, nhilu dilu khoan dilu chinh cac hanh vi cSn huong dan chi tiet ciia Chinh phii, va cac hucmg dan chi tilt dong vai tro rat quan trpng viec thuc thi cac quy dinh mang tinh khai quat cua Luat Canh tranh nam 2018 Bai vilt / phan tich vai tro ciia thong bao tap trung kinh te phap luat chdng han chi canh tranh; it trinh bay kit qua nghien cuu cac quy dinh ciia Viet Nam va mpt s6 quoc gia ve nguong thong bao tap trung kinh te va cac tieu chi tham dinh tac dpng han chi canh tranh ciia cac vu viec tap trung kinh te; va iii ggi mo mgt so dl xuk gop phan hoan thien mgt so quy dinh vl thong bao tap trung kinh te phap luat canh tranh Viet Nam Vai tro cua thong bao tap trung kinh te phap luat chong ban che canh tranh Viec kilm soat cac hanh vi tap trung kinh t& luon la cong viec phiic tap va ton kem vi khong de dang xac dinh dugc tac dpng cua cac hanh vi doi vol canh tranh tren thi trucmg Muc dich ciia viec xac dinh tac dpng doi voi canh tranh ciia mpt vu viec tap trung kinh te la de quyet dinh lieu giao dich c6 can bi cam doan hay khong Lam the nao de CO dugc mpt cong cu kiem soat tap trung kinh te phii hgp la cau hoi dugc dat doi vai phap luat chong han che canh tranh cua tit ca cac quoc gia, dac biet la doi vai cac nen kinh te nho vi kiem soat tap trung kinh tl luon hao ton nhieu nguon luc.^ Di kiem soat hoat dpng tap trung kinh tl, hau het cac quoc gia deu xac lap thii tuc thong bao tap trung kmh te truac thuc hien.' Day la thii tuc de ca quan quan ly canh tranh ^ Katn Paas-Mohando, "Choice of merger notification system for small economies", European Competition Law Review, 2013, 34 (10), tr 548 ^ Gefing The Deal Through: Merger Control, dang tren trang thong tin dien tit, https:// gettingthedealthrough.com/compare/20/mergercontrol/, truy cap 15/10/2018 xem xet lieu mpt tnicmg hop tap trung kinh te cu thi CO gay hoac co kha nang gay tac dgng tieu cue din canh tranh tren thi tnrong hay khong Dii nguang thong bao tap trung kmh t l duac dua tren cac tieu chi nhat dinh, cac tieu chi din lugt minh luon mang tinh du bao Vi vay, qua trinh luon doi hoi su cdn tir ca co quan lap phap lan c a quan quan ly canh tranh Viec du bao khong chinh xac se gay thiet hai khong nho doi voi nen kinh tl va khong dat dugc hieu qua cua viec kiem soat Cac quoc gia c6 cac each tiep can khac viec su dung thu tyc thong bao d l kilm soat tap trung kinh te Thong bao tap trung kinh t l co thi thuc hien truoc hoac sau thuc hien viec t^p trung kmh t l Tuy nhien, s6 lugng cac qu6c gia thuc hien thu Uic thong bao tiln giao dich chilm s6 lugng lan hon so vai cac nuoc thuc hien thu tuc nhu mgt bien phap hau kiem.*' Trong hau het cac quoc gia thupc nhom cac nuac thuc hien thu tuc thong bao tap trung kinh tl nhu mpt bien phap tien kiem quy dinh rang thong bao tap trung kinh te la bat bupc giao dich cham nguang quy dinh, mpt so nuac khac quy dinh day la thu tuc chpn Cac nen kinh te lan thucmg ap dung thu tuc thong bao tap trung kinh te bat bupc tiSn giao dich.^ Viec ap dung thu tuc mgt each hk bupc gnip ca quan quan ly canh tranh kilm soat tat ca cac giao dich n5m nguang phai thong bao Dong thai, thu tuc cung cap cho cac ben tham gia giao dich mpt ca sa phap ly vung chic de yen tam thuc hien giao djch neu da dugc ca quan quan ly canh tranh xac nhan khong n i m trudng hgp bi cim doan Tuy nhien, thti tuc thong bao'tap trung kinh te bat bupc tien giao dich doi hoi ca quan " Katri Paas-Mohando, tldd, tr 548