C O NGHICNCUU NHU CAU GIAO TIEP CUA THIEU NIEN Vdl CHA ME VO THI XHANH LINH DQDigcSifph^mHdNOl Idp 7, a, eiia trudng THCS Trin Ding Ninh, THCS Nam Hdng, THCS Nam Phong - thdnh phd Nam Dinh,THCS Nga Son -Thanh Hda,THCS Ldmdndxdp - thdnh phd Hd Npi Phuong phip nghidn cilu chii ylu Id dilu tra bing bing hdi, phdng vin slu vd phln tfch chin dung mpt sd ea diln hinh Nhu du giao tilp Id mpt bdn tidu chf d l tim hilu vl ttnh tlch eye giao tilp eua thilu nidn vdi cha me Vi thi, nhdng npi dung tim hilu v l nhu d u giao tilp cCia thilu nlln vdi cha m? Id mpt nOi dung ddpe thilt k l mlu philu tim hilu v l tfnh tlch eye giao tilp CIn ed vdo thang dilm quy ddc cOa ttmg thdnh td elu thdnh ndn tinh tich eye ehiing tdi chia thdnh mdc cao, taing binh vd thIp Bin egnh vide nghldn cdu bing bdng hdi, phyong phdp phdng vin trdn d e khdch thi; hpc sinh, cha me, anh chj em, ngydi thin gia dinh cung Id nhdng dCf lidu quan trpng di ddnh gid nhu d u giao tilp vdi cha m? cda mdi hpc sinh Mdt id kit qud nghien cthi 3.1 Khdi qudt nhu cSu glao tl^ cOa thieu nj&i vdi cha mf Nhu elu 11 mdt ylu td vd eCing quan trpng mpi hogt dpng cCia ngddi Nd tao nIn dpng tyc thdc dly cd nhdn tiln hdnh hoat dOng b^ chlnh nhd nhu d u md ngddi cd t h i vypt qua mpi thdthlch, khd khIn, nS lyc hoat ddng d l thda man nhu d u cua bdn than Nhu d u la ngudn gdc ciia tfnh tfch cyc cOa mpi hogt ddng Trong tfnh tfch eye giao tilp vdl cha me ciia hpc sinh thilu nlln, nhu clu glao tilp td mOt thdnh td quan trpng Khi ti^ cd nhu d u giao tilp vd nhu clu l y d n g cao bao nhilu thi dng tdm ting tfnh tfch cyc giao tilp ciia trd ddi vdl cha me biy nhfdu Chfnh vl thi, ehCing tdt cung rlt chO ^ din thdnh td ndy tim hilu tfnh tlch cyc giao tilp cOa trd vdi cha me Nghien cdu nhu d u glao tilp vdi cha me eOa thilu nidn chdng tdi thu ddpe kit qui nhusau: Kit qui eho thSy: Phln Idn thilu nlln dUpc nghldn cdu ty ddnh gid minh cd nhu d u giao tilp vdl cha me thIp, chl cd mdt ti Id nhd cd nhu d u giao Ddi tupng va phUdng phap nghien cdu tilp vdi cha me d mdc eao vd trung binh Tl II hpe Nghiln cdu dupc tiln hdnh trdn 503 hpe sinh sinh cd nhu elu glao tilp vdi cha me d mde thSp cao gIp ddi so vdl nhdm hpc sinh ed nhu d u giao tilp ' CMac vJ PhJ^ngghen {1995),ToJn tdp.TSp 3, NXB Chfnh vdl cha me d mdc cao I.DItvJndl Theo C MIe nhu d u vl dgi nhlt, phong phti nhlt cda eon ngUdi Id nhu elu tilp xdc vdl-ngUdl khdc Nhu elu ndy khdng ngang hdng vdl nhu elu khde sy phdt triln eiia nd mPt ngydi chlnh Id mpt dilu ki|n Idm eho ngydi trd thdnh eon ngudi' Nhu d u giao tilp Id ddi hdi t i t ylu cda eon ngudi dupe tilp xCie vdl ngddi nhIm dim bdo sy tdn tgi vd phdt triln ngudl vdl tU deh td mdt nhin deh, mpt ehCi thi, thdnh viln cua xl hpi DasdcdenhltlmtlhpcUlnXdcQdluchorlng nhu clu giao tilp xl hpi cda ngudl xult hi^n rlt sdm dddng nhu Id bim sinh Ngay td - thdng tudi, trd da cd nhdng phdn dng bing edm xue ngddi tdn, nhdng ngddi chlm sde, gin gui trd din gin, cudi dUpc gpi, dUpc triu dtia Nhu d u giao tilp dupc hinh thdnh trin nIn ting cOa sy tilp xuc vdi nhdng ngudi xung quanh, trUde hit Id ngUdi me Nd dupe hinh thdnh vd hodn thi^n din vdi mdc dp xa hpi.Tuy nhidn, eimg vdl sy phdt triln, trd md rOng thdm nhilu mdi quan hd xl hOI ban bd, thIy cd vd cQng cd thim nhieu kdnh d l trd trao ddi, giao tilp vd vi t h i nhu d u giao tilp vdi ngddi thin vdl cha me cd phln b| thu hep Igi Khi din tudi thilu nidn, nhu elu glao tilp vdl cha me cua thilu nidn ed sy phln hda vd mdu thuln Cdc em mong nhin ddpe sy chl bdo, dgy ei^a cha m^ nhung ddng thdi Igi mong mudn cha me ddi xdvdi minh mpt edeh binh ding, tdn trpng, ngang hdng nhy ngydi Idn.Thdm vdo dd, dO tudl thilu nlln cung diln sy cdl td d c quan h i xd hpi, ele em ed nhu d u glao tilp cao vdi cle bgn ddngti-angtia.Trong mdi quan hd ban bd ndy, nhimg nhu d u tfin cua thilu nien dypc thda mdn hon so vdl quan hd vdl ngddl tdn Chfnh ylu td ndy din Idm suy gllm nhu clu glao tilp cua thilu nlln vdl ngddl tdn ndi chung vd cha me ndi rilng Vdy qui trinh glao tilp vdl cha me, thilu nidn ed nhu d u glao tilp vdl cha m? d mdc dO ndo? Dly chfnh Id nhdng ndi dung chdng tdi t$p trung tim hilu mOt nghidn cdu mdi dly vd d l elp din bll bio ndy trj Qudc gia 40-KHOAHQCGlAODVC NGHl£HC)iuUl Bdng Nhu cdu giao tiep cda thieu niin vdi cha me Nhu cSu GT vdf me MCrc nhu cau GT % S6luang NhucSuGTthSp 322 64.0 Nhu cdu GT vdl cha % S6lugng 313 63.6 Nhu d u G T trung binh 22 4.4 47 9.6 Nhu c l u GT cao 159 31.6 132 26.8 Tong chung 503 100.0 492 DlSm trung binh Trong sd d e bieu hidn cda nhu d u dupe giao tilp, chCing tdi nhdn t h I y nhu d u duac trao ddi thdng tin vd chia sd e l m xde vdi cha me cd d i l m trung binh t h I p hon so vdi nhu d u duac quan t i m , tilp xdc v l nhu e l u h c ^ tdc tham gia cdng vide eimg cha me V I phfa cha me, dupe phdng v i n eung cd nhilu nhdn djnh r i n g d i khdng mudn trao ddi cle ehuydn cd n t i l n vdi hp N h i l u cha me t i m sy; 'Niu khdng hdi den thi cd cd ngdy chung khdng ndi vdi minh mdtcdu'Cd ngudi lai chia sd r i n g 'cdc tdi chl hdi cha me mudn xin y kien vimdt chuyin gl dd md chdu khdng tumlnh quyitdinh duac, thudng Id nhiJTig ehuyin liin quan den kinh te, hpe hdnh hodc mdt du dinh ndo dd Cdn nhUng ehuyin riing tucQa cdc chdu rdt It cdc chdu chia si vdi cha me: Qua phdng van t h i l u nidn, chdng tdi nhan t h I y bdn t h i n d c em cd n h i l u m l u thuan Mdt mat d c em mudn dupc cha me quan tdm hdi han, nhung mdt khde dupc quan tdm hdi han thi d e em lal elm thIy khd chju vi d m g l l e r i n g dang bj cha me kilm sodt V i n di d d l y chlnh I I d e h thde trao ddi 1.68 100.0 1.63 cCia cha me ddi vdi d c Idm cho t h i l u n l l n ed cdm gidc nhU dang bj k i l m solt hole dang bj lyc v i n VI t h i ndn nhu d u chia sd, thd Id nhdng ehuydn ridng t u ciia minh vdi cha me ngdy cdng bi han c h l Thdm vdo dd, gida cha me vd cdi cd sy khde bidt qud Idn v l nhu d u trao ddi, tilp nhdn thdng tin vd cdch ddnh gid v i n de dd trd cdm t h I y khd tim t h I y sy ddng e l m v l chia s i d cha me minh, vl vay nhu e l u giao tilp vdi cha me eiia t h i l u nien ddpe nghidn cCid dat mdc thdp 3.2 SUphdn bda vinhu cdu giao flip cda tri ChOng tdi tien hdnh ddi chilu cdc tidu chid timg nhdm mdc dp cua nhu d u giao tilp gida trd vdi cha me di xem xdt ed sd khdc biet giCfa d c tidu chi dd hay khdng Kit q u i dUpc trlnh bdy d Bilu dd Quan sdt Bieu cd t h i thIy: d h l u h i t d c tieu chi, nhu d u giao tilp cda t h i l u n i i n vdi cha me dao dpng quanh mdc 1.67 (mde trung binh); cd su khdc v l mdc dp nhu c l u giao t i l p ctia hpe sinh vdi cha me gida d c tidu chi vd sy khde v l nhu d u giao t i l p cCia t h i l u n i i n vdi cha vd me ttmg tilu chf Hpc sinh nhd {Idp 7) ed nhu c l u giao t i l p vdi me Biiu 1: Diim trung binh nhu ciu glao tiip cda thiiu nien vdl' me vd cha -Nhu -*-Nhu —•—Nhu —a—Nhu —•—Nhu ciu QTvdl m ; ciu GTvdi cha ciu 0Tv6t mf ciu OTvM cha ciu OTvM me ciu QTv6l cha ciu OTvM mf ciu OTviM cha ciu GTvdl me ciuGTvMcha ^^•^•,J.- SJSO-THANG5/2012 • C Q NGHIENCOU cao hon so vdi hoc sinh tdn (idp 8,9) Cd sukhde bidt v l dilm trung binh gida nhu d u giao tilp cCia vdi me vd nhu d u giao tilp cOa eon vdl cha timg khdi tdp, nhu d u glao tilp cda hpe sinh vdl eha thIp hon so vdi nhu clu giao tilp cCia thilu nidn vdl me Ddc bi^t xdtridngnhdm hpe sinh Idn {Idp 9) nhu elu glao tilp eCia d e em vdl cha thIp hon hln so vdi me dii eimg thuOe nhdm dilm trung binh d mde thIp (Jf =1.50 so vdl 1.61) vd thIp hon so vdi nhu clu giao tilp vdi cha eiia thilu nlln nhd (.AT = 1.50 sovdil.74vdl.65) Td dd ed t h i nh|n thIy nhu d u giao tilp vdl me cd phln cao hon so vdi eha, nhdng nhin chung d thilu nlln, nhu d u glao tilp vdi cha m? ed xu hydng gidm din ede em Idn Phdng vin mpt sd thilu nlln dang hpc Idp d l xem xdt dc ylu td dnh hudng din vide nhu clu giao tilp cua d c em vdl cha me, ehiing tdi nh|n thIy ndi lln nhilu y kiln dd ddng quan tim nhlt Id ^ kiln cho ring sy khIt khe, khd tinh, thdi dd ndng nly nhdng lln tilp xCie Idm d e em nggi giao tilp vdi eha me vd vl t h i nhu clu giao tilp cd xu t h i gidm di So sdnh nhu elu giao tilp cua hpe sinh vdl eha me d ttmg trddng vdi chung tdi nhin thIy cd sy khde bidt v l diem trung binh v l ti Id eua tdng nhdm mUe dp cua nhu d u giao tilp gida vdi cha vd giua eon vdi me Tuy nhiln, nlu quan sdt vdo cde mde dp eiia ttmg trddng chung ta cd t h i thIy ti Id thieu nidn ed nhu d u giao tiep vdl cha, me thIp nhat thudc v l cde trudng THCS Nga Son, THCS Nam Phong vd THCS Ldmdndxdp, dilm trung binh cCia hai trudng ndy chl dgt td 1.47 den 153 Trao ddi y kiln vdl nhdm hpc sinh trddng THCS Ldmdndxdp ehiing tdi nhan thIy ddpe hdi cde em dlu trd ldi td rlt mudn dupe giao tilp ciing cha me Tuy nhidn, cha me qui bin ndn khdng ed thdi gian giao tilp cting d c em, ed rlt nhilu chuyin d e em mudn chia si vdl eha me nhung cha me bin hole ehua v l vd din gdp dupe eha me thi d e em cung khdng cdn ehuyin d l k l nda Trong giai dogn hidn mpt hi^n tUpng khd phd biln d cdc thdnh phd Idn dd Id cha m? bi eudn vdo vdl gudng quay cOa cdng vide, nIn vide glao tilp vdl d l ed phln han chl Rlt nhilu hoc sinh cdm thIy cd don chfnh gia dinh eOa minh Nhilu em giao tilp vdi eha me bing didn thoai hole mdy tfnh, thdi gian giao tilp true tilp, dupe gap gd day dCi cl cha tan me ngdy cdng ft Die bidt, trudng THCS Ldmdndxdp nghidn cdu cQa chiing tdi td trudng md cd phy huynh tdm ede edng ty 42 • KHOA HQC GlAO DyC nude ngodi vd cdng ty t u nhdn c h i l m tl Id cao n h l t Do dd, tfnh c h i t vd thdi gian eCia cdng vide cung c6 nhdng ydu d u cao hem nhdng nhdm ngdnh khdc Chfnh vl v|y, eha me eung ft cd thdi gian g i n gui d i hon Nghe tdm sy cua d c em, chung tdi thIy rd mpt thyc t l khd phd b i l n giai dogn hidn td: cha m? b i n rpn v l cdng v i l e edi b i n rdn hoc hdnh, thdi gian gdp gd, giao t i l p giOd cha me vd e l i gia dinh ngdy d n g rut n g i n di D l y cung td mpt nhdng nguydn nhdn dan d i n vide cha m? edi t h i l u h i l u b i l t t i n nhau, trd khdng tim dupc sy chia s i chfnh gia dinh cda minh vd ddy eung td y l u t d d i n d i n sd lupng t r i pham phip, dgt nhd di lang thang, thdnh l i p ede bang nhdm edn dd, g l y rdi t r i t tU xa hdi ngdy d n g gia t i n g thdi gian vda qua Gida t h i l u nidn nam v l t h i l u nidn ndeung c6 sy khdc bidt n h l t dinh Nhu e l u giao tilp eCia thilu n l l n nam vdi cd cha vd me d l u cao hem nd Ddi chilu d i l m trung binh d t i m g nhdm gitia t h i l u n l l n nam vd ndchung tdi nhdn t h I y diem trung binh cda nam cd nhu d u giao tilp eao licm nd, d d l i c h ehuIn thIp D i l u ndy ctidng t d gida d c em nam nhu d u giao t i l p vdi cha me cao vd ed sy tdong ddng ti^ d i n h gid cCia d c em nam vdi Quan sdt nhdm cd nhu e l u giao tilp vdi eha, me d mdc cao ehiing tdi nhin thIy thiln niin nd cd ti Id thIp hdn so vdri hpc sinh nam va c6 sy khae biet rd ndt dilm trung binh v l nhu d u giao tilp cda hpe sinh nam vdndvdi eha (1.71 so vdi 1.57) Nhu d u giao tilp vdl cha me cda nhCmg hpe sinh cd hpc lyc gidi vd khd cao hem so vdi nhdm hoc sinh ed hpc lyc trung binh vd yeu kem Khdng cd sir chlnh Ideh tdn v l ti 11 ttmg mUc dd ciia nhu elu giao tilp gida nhdm hpe sinh ed hpe lye kha, gldl vdl nhdm hpc tUe trung binh v l ylu, nhung tgi ed sy khIc bidt diem trung binh cCia nhu clu giao tilp vd^ eha vd me d ttmg nhdm thieu nlln ed hpc lyc khdc Diim trung binh cao nhat thudc ve nhdm cd hpc tyc gidi (1.71 ddi vdl me v l 1.70 ddi vdi eha) dd dilm trung binh cua nhdm thilu nlln cd hpc tyc trung binh vd ylu chl dao ddng tir 1.59 din 1.65 Td dd cd t h i thSy nhOmg em hoc gidi cd nhu d u glao tilp cao hon cdc nhdm hpe tyc cdn tgi, vd nhu d u giao tiep vdl eha me thap nhlt thudc v l nhdm cd hpe lyc trung binh - ylu Nhdm hpc sinh td d ed nhu d u giao tilp vdl me cao hon nhdm hpc sinh II eon thd hai va thiJ (T=1.72 so vdi 1.61 vd 1.62) NhUng ddi vdi cha thi nhimg hpcsinh Id dt gia dmh tgi cd nhu (Xem tiip trang 64) I^GlAODUCNUOCNGOAl ghi biln t i p vidn, nhdng da s6 In phlm phd c$p duoc xult bin vdl sd lUpng In rlt Idn sd dT mang tfnh chit phd c^p Id bdi vl trinh dp eOa nhdng ydu clu thim mT d ddc gid tilm ndng rlt thIp Cd thi dlu dilu dd cung d n cho chlnh cdc trd em chdng? Thyc Idng m l ndl, tdi khdng rd vl|c chdng cd nhdn thdc ddpe sy d n thilt cCia nhdng kiln thdc sdu sle hay khdng V$y thi chlng nhd qui thye sy phlt triln vdn hpe khdng d n cho mpt hay sao! M^t ngydi dam md dpc sdeh, hon nda, bilt dpc mpt deh am hilu, bilt cdm nh|n mpt deh tinh t l , mpt ngydi cd trii tim nhin hlu, bilt suy nghT, bilt dIt nhdng clu hdi khdng ehl mang tinh chit sinh hogt md cdn mang d tinh chit sinh tdn - mPt ngddl nhd v^y chIng nhd Igi khdng d n eho bit cd al mOt dIt nddc r^ng Idn timg tgo nln m$t nln vin hpc Vl DAI? Nlu tin vdo dilu ly thi cd nghTa Id khdng cdn tin vdo nyde Nga nda Nhdng, thug d c ngdi, chung ta khdng chl Id d e quan ehde, cdc nhl kinh doanh, d c nhd sd phgm, ede bde phu huynh Ngoli t i t el d e vai trd xl hdi cda chung ta ra, ehiing ta edn cd thdm mpt vai trd cyc kl quan trpng nda: chung ta dlu cung Id NHCNG CON NGUdl Vly hd ed ehl bdn thin chdng ta, nhdng ngddi dypc gido due bing d e tde phlm cda Pushkin, Gogol, Tolstoi, Chekhov, hd cd ehl ehdng ta Igi tddc dogt nilm vui dd cCia dc em chdng ta? Trong cupe ehgy dua theo d c cdng nghd nano, li^u chung ta ed biln nln vin hpe vi dai cOa chdng ta thdnh thdvdn hpe nano, mdtthdvin hpc mdng manh vd eye nhd din ndl nd hlu nhy khdng nhin thly dypc? Chlnh mpt nhl tho Nga vT dgi mdi mit deh dly khdng llu da viet: "Mpi tiln bp dlu Id ph^n ddng nlu nhd eon ngddi bj tilu vong" Hay Id chung ta eung chua dpe nhl tho dd? U Son dieh (Theo "Literaturnaja gazeta' sd 4, nim 2011) SUMMARY The writer presents some thoughts on the roles played by literature subject in contemporary Russia schools IIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIllllllllllllHIIIIMIIIIMIIlllllllllllllllllllllllllinillllllMIIIIIIMIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIinilinilllllllllllllllUIIIIIII^ NHO CAO GIAO TIER CUA THIEU NIEN VOl CHA ME O^Ptheo trang 42} d u eao hon nhdm hpc sinh Id cd (A" = 1.89 so vdl 1.61 vd 1.59) Ket luan Oa s6 hpc sinh cd nhu clu giao tllp vdl eha me Id tuong ddi thIp, nhu d u glao tilp vdl me cd phln nhtnh hon so vdi cha, nhdng nhin chung d hpc sinh THCS nhu d u glao tllp vdi cha m? d c em cd xu hudng gidm din d e em ldn Cde em nam ed nhu d u giao tiep cao hon d c em nd, hpc sinh cd hpc lyc gidi, khd cung ed nhu elu giao tllp vdl cha me cao hon nhOmg em cd hpe lyc trung binh vd ylu Hpc sinh Id cd vd eon tit ed nhu d u glao tllp vdi me cao hon hpc sinh Id gliig, edn d6l vdl eha nhting em hpc sinh Id dt lal ed nhu elu glao tllp cao hon so vdl nhdng hpc sinh Id d Hpe sinh eOng dda nhilu nguydn nhdn din din nhu elu glao tllp vdl cha me eOa d c em suy gidm nhu^ cha m? b^n rdn, gid gilc sinh hoat cOa cha me vd Idch nhau, deh glao tiep eOa eha me ludn dp ddt, quan nilm deh nhin nhin vin d l thddng trdi ngdpe 64*KHOAH(ICGlAODVC TAI Lieu THAM KHAO Ngd Cdng Holn, Tdm // hpc gia dinh, NXB trddng DHSP Hd Ndl, 1993 Ld Tiln Hting, Niim vui cOa cha me,, NXB Phu nd, 1978 V.l Lebedep, Tdm //xd hdi qudn II, NXB Su thdt, 1989 Ode Minh, Gido dgc gia dinh vd tudi thiiu niin, NXB Phy nd, 1977 Phil MeGrawf, Gia dinh trin hit, NXB Vdn hda thdng tin, 2005 SUMMARY The publication Is focused on exploring the communicative needs among young children with their parents The research findings are analyzed an compared in respect of multiple criteria, including for example, grade, learning ability, location, sex The article has shown the level and cause of impact on eommunieati\^ needs among young children wit their parents ... Bdng Nhu cdu giao tiep cda thieu niin vdi cha me Nhu cSu GT vdf me MCrc nhu cau GT % S6luang NhucSuGTthSp 322 64.0 Nhu cdu GT vdl cha % S6lugng 313 63.6 Nhu d u G T trung binh 22 4.4 47 9.6 Nhu. .. vdl' me vd cha -Nhu -* -Nhu —•? ?Nhu —a? ?Nhu —•? ?Nhu ciu QTvdl m ; ciu GTvdi cha ciu 0Tv6t mf ciu OTvM cha ciu OTvM me ciu QTv6l cha ciu OTvM mf ciu OTviM cha ciu GTvdl me ciuGTvMcha ^^•^•,J.- SJSO-THANG5/2012... l dilm trung binh gida nhu d u giao tilp cCia vdi me vd nhu d u giao tilp cOa eon vdl cha timg khdi tdp, nhu d u glao tilp cda hpe sinh vdl eha thIp hon so vdi nhu clu giao tilp cCia thilu nidn