Tính chủ động giao tiếp cha mẹ của thiếu niên

T A M Li H Q C - S I N H Ll H Q C LtfA T U t f I TiNH CHU DONG GIAO TIEP Udl CHA lYIE CUA THIEU NIEN Q G i a dinh cd vol trd rd'l quon trqng v i f c hinh thdnh vd phdt t r i l n nhdn cdch cua I r i , b d i : cha m f Id nhung ngudi t l l p xOc vdi t r i thudng xuygn, Idu d d i Id cdu ndi chuyen gioo n i n vdn hda xa hdi tdi trg thdng quo giao tiip (GT) Vigc GT v6i cha me khdng chi d l thdo man nhu cdu linh edm md cdn Id mdt phuong ihuc giup t r i tiep nh^n n i n vdn hda nhdn loqi Trong qud trinh GT, trg duqc sol minh v6o cha me, quo d d tfch luy kinh n g h i | m , chud'n myc x d h0i, b l l n thdnh vdn sdng, vdn h i l u b i l t ci3a minh Vi t h i , trg cdng chu a$ng, tfch eye GT boo nhlgu, sy phdt t r i l n ldm If, nhdn cdch dlen nhanh chdng bdy nhigu Lija tudi t h i l u nien (TN) Id glal doqn chuyin t l l p , qud d q tu tudi tho Ign tudi trudng thdnh, bdi vdy, cd sy chuyin b l l n rdt Idn v l t h i chd't cung nhu tdm tf, xd hdi Ngt tdm If ndi bqt nhdt cOo li>a tudi TN d d Id sy thay ddi GT vdi ngudi Idn vd cdc bqn cung ludl Cdc em cd t h i de ddng trd chuygn vdi bqn bg nhung Iql gdp n h l l u Ird ngqi GT vdl cho m?, dO cho cho m? v3n Id nhihig ngudi hdng ngdy chdm sdc, nudi ndng, gido dye ede em V i l e GT glua cdl vd cho m^ ngdy cdng bj hqn e h l ( v l thdi gion cung nhu ndi dung GT) k h l ^ sy h l l u b l l t cOo cho me v l eon edi ngdy cdng thgm khodng cdch Ddy cung chfnh Id nguygn nhdn cOa Hnh trqng t r i vi phqm phdp ludtvd nhiJng hdnh vi lech chudn ngdy edng gio tdng ThS VO THj K H A N H L I N H ' thilt k l mSu p h i l u tim h i l u v l Knh tfch eye GT Cdn eu vdo thang d i l m quy u6e, ehung Idi chlo thdnh mi>e: coo, tnjng binh vd thdp K i t q u d nghign cuu 1) TCD GT cOa TN vdl cha m^ ( k i t qud trinh b d y d bdngl] Bdng TCDGT vdl cha, mf cOa TN TCE)GT Thdp Trung blnti Ceo Tdng chung OTB TCDGT vdi m9 TCOGTwMcha SL SL 204 40,6 224 45,5 28,0 147 141 29,9 121 15S 31,4 24,6 503 100.0 492 100,0 1,91 1,79 % % Bdng cho thd'y, nhln chung TCDGT vdt cha, mf cua TN chi d muc trung binh ix= vdl mf,x=^ 1,91 ,79 vdl cho) nhung ed sv khdc b l | t v l muc dp TCDGT cdo vdi cho vd me, hong d d , trd ed phdn chu dpng GT vdi m^ hon so vdi e h a | ^ = 1,91 > 1,79) Tim h l l u SI/ phdn b d H \i timg muc dp cOo TCDGT, ehung tdi nhdn thdy, s d T N h; ddnh gid (TDG) thudc hot nhdm muc d d «trung b i n h ' vd «cao" (hon 55,0% vdl ed m? vd cho) TI Id TN ed TCDGT d «muc thd'p" Id 40,d% ddi vdi m? vd 45,5% ddi vdl cho TN ed TCDGT vdl m f d «miic c o o ' c h l l m tl 1^ Idn hon so vdi cho (31,4% so vdl 24,d%) Ngupc Ipl, TN cd TCDGT d «muc thdp" De iJido sdt ihyc trqng vd muc d d chu dqng GT vdi cho Igl c h l l m tl 1$ Idn hon so vdi m f (40,d% cOa trg ddl vol cha me, ndm hqc 2010-2011, chung so vdi 45,5%) TI l | TCDGT d «mi>c binh" tdl d d tien hdnh d l l u Ira 503 hqc sinh (HS) Idp 7, cdo TN vdi cha vd m? hiong ddi cdn bdng (28,0% 8, cua trudng THCS: Trdn Ddng Nlnh; Nam vd 29,9%) D l d d n h g i d m d t cdch d d y d d hon v l H d n g ; N a m Phong (TP N a m Djnh); N g o Son (Thanh Hdo), Ldmdndxdp (Hd Ndl)- Phuong phdp TCDGT cda TN vdi cha vd m?, chdng tdi phdn nghign cuu chu y l u Id d i i u tro bdng bdng hdi, tich SI/ khde b i | t g i u o ede muc d d cuo TCD f ^ d n g vdn sdu vd phdn h'ch chdn dung mdl sdco glQo ede nhdm HS theo cdc t i l u chi: g i d i , hge d l l n hinh Tinh chO dgng giao tiip (TCEX5T) Id mdl li/c, khd'i Idp, t r u d n g , t h u ti/ gio bdn tieu chf d l fim h i l u v l tfnh tich eye GT dinh K i t q u d : cOo TN vdl cha me Ddy cung Id ndi dung duqc ' TnUf tv iwc sir p l m Hi N«i Tap chi Blao due s6 (ki a • r/aoia) # 21 Ttnh chu d^ng glao tl^p vdl mf Bdng TCDGT cOa TN vdi mf IxSI Iheo cdc niu chll Bdng TCDGT cua TN vdl cha (xit theo c6c Iliu chll Cdo tl*u chi Cdcti6uch[ Ldp Trutfrtg Qk» Hpclwc ldp? LA) Lao Nam HAno NflaSon Main Phono Ldrn&nOxOp TrflnOjInaNJnh Nam HQ QI6I KhA Truno b)nh - ContMl TtxJur tronQ Co(ilhi}2 QD Conilnia Tdng Chung TCOQToilaTKwdlm^ T*Jr>D Mdcmtfp MOtTB MCKcso 147 0 40,8 27,2 32,0 41,6 38,7 39,4 37,1 37,4 42,3 46,6 40,9 40.3 43.3 36,9 43,8 39,6 44i 32,6 40.6 26,9 30.7 28,3 39,0 S4.2 29.9 1S,4 27,3 28,6 27,6 27.1 29.g 29,8 24,4 30,4 28,0 31.5 30.7 32,3 23.8 38.4 27.8 36.0 31.B 31.1 29.1 36.0 26,4 30,5 31.4 37.0 31.4 T&ig' Lt>p7 43.7 18,3 36.0 142 Ldpe 46.1 34,9 20,0 216 100.0 Ldp 48.2 34,1 136 100J) Nam Hdng 44,6 32,3 173 23,2 99 100J) NgaScm 4S,0 28,9 22,1 104 ioa« Nam Phong 38,6 2B.1 33.3 100.0 L6a\tn6x6p 47,8 33.7 18.S 96 loao 92 100.0 100.0 Ttin Olno Nhh 47.5 26.7 26,7 101 loao Nam 68,1 27.6 14,3 217 lOOA NQ 36,6 31.6 32.7 276 lOOJ) 0161 46,6 18.3 35,1 131 I09A KM 40,6 37.4 21.B 219 100J) Tning binh - 62,1 28,9 19.0 142 lOOfi Conlhit 61,6 22.9 26,6 276 1000 32.7 219 137 99 105 99 97 103 220 283 134 100,0 226 144 100.0 285 172 4fl 603 TCOOTcflaTNvacht Mtfc Ihtfp MihsTB Mtfccao Ldp 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Trudno 100,0 100,0 Q\» 100.0 100.0 HgcWc 1CNM) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Bdng cho thdy, khdng ed sv khde bi$t rd r$t Irong TOG cua TN d cdc nhdm khdc vi TCDGT cua minh dii vdi mp HS Idn, HS ed hqc lye ylu klm vd HS Id cd TDG minh ed TCEX3T vdl m^ d muc dd thdp nhllu hon so vdi nhOng HS hqc Idp nhd Id utvd nhi/ng HS khd gidi Khdng cd sy khdc bl|t qud Idn giuo HS d cdc ^ o bdn khdc hoy gliki HS nam v6 HS n(> v l TCEX3T vdi me Nhdn djnh ndy duqc khdng dinh rd ngl hon quan sdl bliu dd Biiu dSl.DTB TCDGT cua TN vdl mp {X6t Iheo ede tl6u chi) Than/ trono QO Conlhil2 Con thi) Ting chung 43.9 23.4 66.5 19,6 23.9 46 lOOA 46.6 29.9 24,6 482 10O0 171 1000 eoo vd TCD thdp D l phdn tich Id hon sv khde bl$t v l TCDGT vdi cha d cdc nhdm TN khdc nhou cOng nhu thdy dugc SI/ khdc bi|t glOa TCDGT ciio TN vdt cJw vd m?, ehOng tdl Wnh 0TB cuo TCDGT cuo TN vdl cho [bliu dS 2) BtgudS2:DTB TCDGT cOoTNv&cha IxU theo cdc Hiu chll -KWll6p - Trving Gidl Knh - Thi> tv Bl^ dd cho thdv, nhin chung, TCEX5T cOa TN vdl m? d muc trung binh (DTB nam Irong khodng tu d7 < < 2.34) Cdc yiu td: khdi Idp, djo bdn, gidl Knh, hqc lye vd lhi> ty khdng chi phdl nhilu d i n mijc dd TCDGT cOa ddi vdi m? 3) Tinh cho ddng giao tiip cua TN v6l cha Theo TDG cOa TN [bdng 5J, d hdu h i t cdc tigu chr, tr 1$ TN TDG minh cd TCDGT vdl cha d mi>c dd thd'p ehilm khd ddng, nhung rthdm TCDGT d muc cao Iqi cd tf l | khd ft Ddl chilu vdl kit qud nghign ci>u TCE>GT cOa ddi vdi m^, chOng tdl nh$n thd'y, cd sy khdc bi|t khd rd n i t v l tf 1$ d hai nhdm mi>c dd TCD Quan sdt blAj 66 2, ehOng tdl nhdn thdy: TCDGT vdl cho cuo cdc nlidm TN d i u d ml)c binh Cd SI/ ehlnh l#ch v l DTB giOa cdc nhdm nhung khdng cd y nghTo thdng k l Cdt chilu DTB TCDGT cOa T N vdl cho vd vdi m9 chung tdi nhdn thdy: nhln chung, DTB cOa TCDGT vdi cha cda TN d ede tilu chi d i u d cdn dudi cuo DTB (tl^m edn ,d7], nhung DTB oia TCDGT vdi m? d cdc nhdm TN khdc nhou diu nim edn 2,34 (cdn hdn cOa muc DTB) K^ qud ndy edng khdng d|nh si/ khde bi#t v l TCD hong GT cOo TN vdl cha vd me So sdnh btl'u ^ vd ed i h l thdy si/ khdc Tjp Chi Glao due s6 (ki a • T / M H I bi^t dlln ro nit hon d tigu chf: gidl Hnh, h