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Cac hirong nghien cvu ve nhan each ngiroi Viet Nam Pham Thu Trang' ' Tom tat: Nghiin cira ve nhdn cdch dd dugc phdn tich vdi cdc muc phgm vi mgc dich khdc va lir nhiiu gdc dg nhu: tdm ly hgc xd hgi hgc dgg diic hgc lugt hgc.v.v Trin thi gidi vdo nhiing ndm 1970-1980 nhiiu Irdo luu nghiin aru vi nhdn cdch tdm ly hgc da dtroc hinh Ihdnh vd phdt Iriin mgnh me a nhiiu quae gia il nude ta nghiin cin, vi nhdn cdch can ngudi Viit Nam ban ddu chu yiu dugc thi hiin nhiing cdng trinh ddu liin nghiin ciru vi nguai Viet Nam qua cdc tdc phdm cua Ddo Duy Anh Nguyin Vdn Huyin ciing nhiiu nhd khoa hgc khdc vi sau nghien ciu vi nhdn cdch ngudi Viil Nam dd dugc chuy nhllu tii gidi tdm ly hgc Hiin theo chiing tdi nghiin cuu vi nhdn cdch ngudn Viit Nam khong chi dugc dl cgp din qua tdm Iji hgc md cgn tu nhiiu ggc dg nghiin cOu khdc nhu: dgo diic hgc vdn hgc vd vdn hda hgc liin ngdnh khoa hgc xg hgi Iriit hgc Tir khda: Nhin cdch Nghien cuu vi nhdn cdch Nhin cich ngudi Vift Nam, Tdm ly hpc nhdn each Cic nghien cuu daiti gdc dp tam ly hpc Hien nay, Irong nghien ciru, nhin cich trudc hit vi chu yiu van li ddi tupng cua tim ly hpc Trong ldm ly hpc cd rieng phdn ngdnh id tdm Iy hpc nhin each di sdu nghien cim ddi tupng ndy Theo dd, eic quan diim, ly thuyit vi nhdn cdch cflng vdi nhttng vdn di cua nd nhu khdi nipm, cdu tnic, qui ttinh hinh thinh vi phit ttiin Cling chu yiu dupe xem xet tir gdc dp cua cic nghien cim tim ly hpc Nghien cliu ve nhin cich ngudi Viet Nam dudi gdc dp tim ly hpc chu yiu tip ttung vio cdc npi dung nghien ciiu sau: ThS Vien Thong lln KHXH: Emailthulrang84_iriel@yahoo.coin Thti nhdl, tap trung vio ddi tupng nhan cich cy the nhu: nhan cdch ngudi Ha Npi, nhan cich nhi kinh doanh gidi, nhin cich ngudi cin bp, si quan, nhdn cdch H6 Chi Minh, nhdn cdch cua hpi thim nhin ddn, nhan cich ngudi cdn bd quin dpi, nhin cich ngudi ldnh djio, quin ij, nhto cich ngudi cin bp khoa hpc, nhin cdch kiem todn vi6n nhi nude Cic nghien Cliu thupc losii thudng lim rd cdc djc diem, pham chdt quan trpng chii yiu thuOc yi nhdn each cua cac ddi tupng dupe di cap din nhu: bin Itnh Ii phim chat cot loi cua ngucri cin bp qudn dpi, nhan td du:c vi tii cua ngudi ldnh d?o qudn ly, cdc chi sd (hay cic mil) cin thiet vi trinh tti tup, vi kiin thlic, kJ ning Cdc hudng nghian cflu v6 nhan cdch ve sire khde thi chit, v i ddng co, thii dp cua mpt nhi kinh doanh gidi, (Pham Tdt Dong, 2010; Do Long, 2004; Nguyin Thi Thanh Tdm, 2011; Trin Trong Thuy^ 2004; Le Hflu Xanh, 2006 ) Tha lu, nghien cihj ve nhflng nhan each benh ly, nhdn each phii ttiin lech lac nhin cdch dang ttxing qua trinh suy dioii phit hien nguyen nhdn sau xa cua su Ipch lae de tren co sd dd cd nhimg bien phap Thd hai cung di cap din ddi tupng ngan ngira, tri lieu, gido due, tu van nhdm nhdn each cu thi, nhung li nhung ddi gop phan tao mpt xd hdi vdi nhihig ngucri phdt ttien ldnh manh, hdi hda ci vi nrpng khd die thu nen cd khdng it nghien the chat Ian tam ly Thupc hudng nghien cim di c|p din nhan cich cua hpc sinh, cuu nay, nhflng vdn di dd dupe lim ro li: sinh vien Viet Nam vdi nhflng phan tich die diem nhan each cua ngudi nghien ma ve thuc trang, nguyen nhdn cua su phdt tiiy; ddc diim nhan each ciia gii mai ddm; trien nhin cich ciia ddi lupng nay, tren co inh hudng cua nhdm ban lieu cue din sd dd dua nhiing phucmg hudng, bien nhiing hanh vi lech chuin, hinh vi vi pham phip gido due nhdm hinh thdnh, phdt triin phip luit eua tte vj thinh nien; nhflng rdi nhan cdch cho hpc sinh, sinh vien Viet loan hinh vi vd nhflng ddu hieu cua chiing Nam Cic nghien cuu theo hudng niy ehu (Phan Thj Mai Huong, 2005; Dd Long, yiu quan tam din cic vdn de: sir hinh 2000; Hd Hflu Nhut, 2004 ) thinh vi phit trien ciia he thing ddng co Ciol cimg li cdc nghien cira djnh (hpc tjp, lao dpng, chpn nghi, giao tiip, dpng CO thinh dat ); ndng tu ddnh lupng, lupng hda cic yiu Id nhdn cich, gii; su djnh hudng gia tri chung vd djnh theo hudng cic cdng trinh da Vi|t hda hudng gid trj cie hoat dpng khdc hodc budc ddu thich img mpt sd phuong nhau; thdi dp trudc nhihig vin di xd hpi phip chuin hda dac, dinh gii nhdn khic cflng nhu ddi vdi nhflng hojt cdch nhu: thich ung Test sdng tao; Test dpng khdc nhau; tinh thdn ttdch nhiem; ddnh gid ky nang xa hpi; Test dinh hudng himg thfl; khd ndng thich tmg xa hpi gid ui nhan cich; Test dinh gii cdc mdl (Nguyen Thj Mai Lan, 2010; Pham Thi nhan cich ciia Cattell 16 PF; Test phdng chiiu TAT; NEO Pl-R (Dio Thi Oanh, Minh, 2005; Ph?m Huy Thanh, 2012) 2007; Ph?m Minh Hac 2007 ) Thir ba, tap trung vio nhttng yiu Id, Nhu viy, nhflng nghien cuu vi nhan nhttng phdm chit ldm ly quan tich cich ngudi Vift Nam dudi gdc dp cua c(rc thupc ve nhan cich ihdng qua cic tam ly hpc chu yiu hudng ldi tiip can biSn phip tic dpng tdm ly - giio dye, dd la nhung ddi lupng nhdn cich cu thi, vdi cac vin di nhu: hinh thinh dpng co nhan nhttng bien phip tim Iy - giio due, vdi viSc cich cua hoat dpng hpc tip; hinh thdnh diiu tra, lupng hda cic yiu Id vd phim Ihdi dp tich cyc ddi vdi hpc tdp vi ddi vdi chit cu thi cua cdc ddi lupng nhdn cdch dd cac vdn di xd hpi hien nay; hinh thdnh khd (Xem them: Dio Thj Oanh, 2007: 14-16) ndng ddnh gid vi dinh gid khdch quan, Ben c?nh dd, di cap din vai Iro cita phu hpp; gidp due tinh thdn trdch nhiem, cdc yiu 16 Idc dgng din qud trlnh hinh gido dpc hinh thdnh ky ndng sdng; giio thdnh vg phdt triin nhdn cdch cgn ngudi dye hinh thdnh kha ning sing tao, giio Viil Nam nhu: Vai ttd cua gia dlnh, cua dye tii ning.^nhan tii, (Trdn Anh Chau, vdn hda gia dinh (Lc Thi, 1997; Le Nhu 2008; Nguyen Vdn HuySn, 1995; Le Hoa, 2001), vai ttd cua nhd ttudng (Hodng Huong 2003; Ph?m Tiianh Nghj, 2008 ) Birc Nhuan 1996), vai trd cua phip lual k 28 (Nguyen Dinh Ddng Lue 2005), vai trd cita ydu td van hda thdm my (Ld Thi Thuy Dung 2013; Luong Thi Qu^Tih Khue 1995) cdc nghien cdu deu di ddn khdng djnh qua trinh hinh thdnh vd phdt tridn nhan each ngudi Viet Nam la qua trinh phtic tgp Trong qud trinh mdi yeu td ddu cd mdt vi tri vai trd va dnh hudng khdng gidng nhau, cac ydu td ludn bien ddi luy thugc vao mdi giai doan phdt trien ciia timg ngucri cu thd Xdc dinh, ddnh gia diing vj tri vai trd ctia timg ydu id dd ed nhung bien phdp giao due vd ldc dgng phii hgp gitip cho nhan each ngudi Viet Nam cang Ird ndn hodn thidn vd tot dep hon, hudng tdi nhihig gid tri cao d?p nhdt Id mgt vide ldm quan trgng nhdt Id didu ki?n hien Thdng Hn Khoa hgc xfi h$i sd 10.2016 quyen hgn va nghta vy, cua nhihig c h u ^ muc dgo ddc tham mf va mgi chudn myc xa hgi khac (Trdn Sy Phan 1999: 19) Day la mgt dx)ng nhdng cdng trinh ddu tidn nghidn cdu sy hinh vd phai tridn nhdn cdch dudi gdc cu thd - dd Id vai Ird ctia gido due dao ddc ddi vdi sy hinh va phdt tridn nhdn each Cung dd cap ddn I 'at trd ctia dgo dire ddi vdi stt hinh ihdnh nhdn cdch ngudi Viet Nam irong diiu kiin ddi mdi hien nay, lugn an tidn si cua Ld Thj Thiiy (2000) lgi khdng dfnh, vai dd ciia giao dye dgo ddc ddi vdi su hinh nhdn cdch ngirdi Viet Nam hi?n la lieu chi vd la ndn lang cita nhan cdch, gdp phdn tgo dyng nhdn each phdt tridn hai hoa loan didn, theo xu hudng nhan vdn Theo tac gia, dieu kien hi?n dk nang cao vai trd cua dgo due cdn thyc hi?n dong bg cdc giai phap kinh te-xd hgi, gido dye va vdn hda tinh thdn Trong dd, vi^c giii vdng djnh hudng chinh tri phat dien kinh te-xa hdi, thue hi?n tdng irudng kinh te gdn vdi cdng bdng xd h$i, ddy mgnh hoat dgng giao dye ndi chung va giao due dao due ndi ridng, tgn dyng Igi thd cita vdn hda, ddc bidt Id vdn hda ngh^ thudt vdi nhdng tac ddng bidu cdm vd tinh Id ciia nd tdi tdm hdn ngudi Id nhimg giai phap Ihidt thyc va chu yeu Cac nghien cuu dirdi gdc dg dgo dire h9c Dgo due hgc xem xel nhdn cdch chit ydu d khia cgnh dao due ciing nhu vai trd vd anh hudng cita giao d\ic dao due ddi vdi sy hinh thdnh nhdn cdch Trong ly lu^n nhdn cdch, dgo due la gdc ciia nhan cdch nhung chua ndi len day dii, loan bd nhan each Cho nen khdng Ihd ddng nhat dgo due (van thudng dugc quan niem Id pham chat) vdi nhaji each Nghidn ciru nhan cdch ngudi Vi?t Nam dudi gdc dO dgo due hgc chd ydu Id cac lugn dn tien SI triet hpc tap trung nhdn manh den gido dye dao ddc hodc vai trd ciia giao dye dgo due didu kien hidn ddi Tdc gid Nguyen Vdn Phuc (1996) vdi sy hinh cua nhdn cdch bai vidt Vai trd cua gido d^c dgo ngudi Viel Nam dlie ddi vdi su phdt triin nhdn cdch irong CO chi thi trudng dk phan tich mOt sd bidu Trdn Sy Phan yong Luan an tidn sT hidn tac dgng ciia eo che thj trudng ldn Triet hgc Gido dgc dgo diic ddi vdi m nhan each va khdng djnh rdng, gido dye hinh Ihdnh vd phdt triin nhdn cdch sinh dao ddc sd gdp phdn ldy lai sy thdng viin Viit Nam giai dogn hiin nhdl, dam bdo sy phat tridn hdi hda cho cho rdng tridt hgc Marx-Lenin xem xet nhan cdch, "nd la mOt nhdn id tdt ydu va nhan cdch nhu la mgt chinh the ca nhdn cd quan trgng ctia chidn luge ngudi linh ljch sd • cu thd tham gia vdo hoat bdi canh thi inrdng hda, cdng dgng Ihyc lien, ddng vai yd cita chu thd nghiep hda, hidn dai hda dat nude" Tuy nhgn thdc va cai lao thd gidi, chu thd cua nhien, theo tdc gid giao due dao due chi cae hirdng nghi£n cflu vi nhan each 29 cd the phdt huy tac dyng nd dupe kit mpt Idp ngudi hay nhflng nhin v$t lich su hpp vdi cic giii phdp ngoii dao due li cd thai Theo dd, tu gdc dp nghien cim van cic gidi phap kinh li-xa hpi Mpt eo chi chuong, Tnrong Tim de xuit miu hinh ciia thi trudng hoan thien dupe phdp chi hda, cap "nhi nho tii tti" v i "nhi nho quin tu" su diiu tiit cua nhi nude theo djnh Trdn Dinh Hupru da xay dung ly thuyit hudng xd hpi chu nghia, nhflng giii pliip khdo sat "con ngudi chuc nang", miu phit trien ldy hieu qui kinh ti-xa hpi Idm ngudi "nha nho tai hi" Ttin Ngpe Vuong CO sd se Id co sd kinh ti-xa hpi cho su phic thdo raau ngudi "Hodng di" Dudi phdt trien nhan cdch goc dp van hda hoc, Tiin Qudc Vupng viit Ld mpt ttpng sd khdng nhiiu cdng ve nhumg danh nhin tieu biiu ttong cic ttinh ttirc tiip khdng djnh viec k^ ihira cdc giai doan van hda nhu: Ly Nhin Tdng then gid tri dgo due truyin thdng cd vai trd nhd Ly, nhi giao Chu Vin An d giai doan khdng nhd ttong xdy dyng nhdn cdch nhd Trin, Nguyin Trdi, Trin Nguyen ngudi Vipt Nam hien nay, luan dn tiin sT Hin Le Thdnh Tdng d thdi ky Hiu Le, cua Cao Thu Hdng (2011) cho ring, d Mac Ddng Dung, Trinh Kiim, Trang ^ ViSt Nam hien nay, viec ki thua cdc gia Trinh Nguyen Binh Khiem d giai doan H trj dao die ttuyin thong ttong xdy dung cudi Le diu Nguyin Phan Ngpe viit vi H r nhdn each li p p t tdt yiu vi ii cac gii tti nhttng nhin cdch lieu bieu cua ngucri dao due truyin thdng phdt huy dupe tdc Viet Nam, ttong dd cd NguySn Trdi, dyng lich cyc ddi vdi su phdt triin nhdn Nguyin Dinh Chiiu, Hd Chi Minh cich ngudi Viet Nam, cin phii ddy Cflng tiep can nhdn cdch ngucri manh cdng ldc gido due cdc gid tti dao due truySn thing, phat huy vai ttd ciia phip luit Vict Nam lir gdc dp vdn hda hpc Dp Lai vi cung vdi dd li ndng eao tinh tich cue Thuy trinh biy cic "mlu ngucri vdn hda" cua nhdn ddn ttong vipc ki thfla cdc gid trj da khai qudt vi "vdn hda Vipt Nam" thi djo dire truyin thdng Cic giii phip niy hien ttong ^ phdm Vdn hdg Hit Nam cd sy thing nhit vi tic dpng qua lai lan Nhin lu mdu ngirdi vdn hda 6ng quan vi dd li sy dam bdo cho viec phdt nipm ling, "mau ngudi vin hda Id khdi triin nhdn cdch ngudi Viet Nam dip niim truu tupng, cd y nghla khdi qudt vi ling dupe cic yeu ciu cua xd hdi hien nhiing Idp ngudi cd dipn mao tinh thin Cac nghien ciru tir gdc dp van hpc va gidng nhau, dupe hinh thdnh khoang thdi gian ljch su md d vdn hda bdc 10 vin hda hpe nhflng tinh chat giong nhau, mpt hau Nhihig nghien cim vi nhan cich vdn hda gidng nhau" Vi mau ngudi vdn ngudi Vipt Nam tu gdc dp vdn hpc va vdn hda cua cdc thdi dai vdn hda cu thi dupe hda hpc chu yiu di cjp din viec xdc djnh D§ Lai Thfly gpi bdng "con ngudi ldng xd, "md hinh nhdn cdch ngudi Viet Nam" nguiri vd nga, ngucri quin tir, nhu Id nhimg man ngudi lieu biiu dai dien ngudi tii tu, ngirdi ci nhin" " Con cho cdc gid tri vdn hda - ljch su, li sy khdi ngudi ling xd lim nen cin cudc cua qudt nhihig gid tti, dac trung ndi bat ciia ngucri Viet Nam, quyit djnh bin sdc cua ngudi Viet Nam qua cic Ihdi ky ljch vdn hda cd truyin Vipt Nam Li phin ISi, su Theo dd, tu gdc dp nay, theo Ho Lien li CO tdng cua vdn hda Vipt Nam" (Do Lai (2008), cic hpc gii chi yiu djnh hinh Thuy, 2005: 131) nhflng mau ngudi dd theo nhttng chin Sau ngudi ling xa, raau ngudi dung vdn hpc hay md hinh nhin cdch cua van hda dai dien cho Iinh thdn dan tpc Thdng tin Khoa hpc xa h$i so 10.2016 phit trien den dinh cao li chfl nghta yeu sinh, edng nhdn, tir dd cd nhung kit ludn nude, chu nghia anh hflng thdi dai chung cho nhan cdch ngudi Viet Nam Ly - Tran li "con ngudi vd ngd" Dd Id Nhflng cdng_ trinh nghien ciru khoa hpc nhflng ngucri kiet xudt, nhimg nhin cong nghe cdp nhd nude v i nhdn cdch cich Idn nhiing tri thirc phdng khoing cd ngudi Viet Nam da dupe thyc hipn cd the Irinh dp tu cao, nhiing anh ki din li Chuong ttinh KX.67, KHXH.04, chdng giic ngoai xdm Hp da dang vi Chuong trinh KX.05 (Vi ede chuong ttinh nhdn each, ve cd tinh, ve hdnh trang, xem them bii viit cua Vu Thj Minh nhung ed mpt diem chung tap mdu Chi in ttong cudn sich Pham Minh ngudi lieu bieu cua thdi dai dd Id dem cai Hac, Lc Die Phuc chfl bien, 2004) tieu ngd cd nhdn, gia dinh, ling xa hda vdo Trong dd, dang chu y li di tai thupc cdi dai ngi dan tdc y thue vi Td qudc la chucmg trinh khoa hpc cip nhd nude dd dp thieng lieng, li tren hit dyng phuong phip dac tim Iy NEO PISang den thcri ky mdi, "con ngudi R ed sua chira vi bd sung eho phfl hpp vdi quin lu" Id ket qua cua sy kit hpp gitta thyc ti Viet Nam d i diiu tra, djc tinh thdn dan lpc Dai Viet vdi sy khiic xa nhflng die diem gii tri nhdn cdch eua mOl lu ludng Nhp gia Tmng Hoa, sy kit hpp sd ting ldp ngudi Viet Nam hipn thi gitta ngudi chirc ndng vdi ngudi hien qua cudn sdch Nghiin cuu gid trl cOng ddng mi chu nghia yeu nude li n^t nhdn cdch theo phuong phdp NEO Pl-R CO bin tao ngn dipn m^o linh thdn cua nd cdi blln Pham Minh Hjc chii bien Khi ljch sfl Viel Nam chuyin sang budc (2007) ngodt mdi, nhflng ngucri mdi ducrc hinh thdnh ttong cupc chiin diu liu dai COng ttinh ndy mo ti kit qui d^ic giinh dpc l$p din tpe, thing nhdl vi toin diiu tta nhin cdch cua mpt khii lupng Idn ven ldnh thd Mau ngudi dji dipn cho thdi s6 miu dji dipn cho cie ting ldp ngudi ky ndy Id ngudi anh hflng ngudi chiin si, Vipt Nam (hpe sinh, sinh vien, ndng dan, la "Anh linh cu Hd" vd hien thin tigu biiu cdng nhin, gido vien, tri thlic, doanh nhil ciia nhdn cich vdn hda ndy chinh la nhan) vi mpt so diin hinh djt dd t?o Hd Chi Minh CO sd rdt nhflng nhjn djnh chung ve mdt manh, m?lt yiu cua ngudi Vipt Nam Cac nghien ciru tir goc lien nganh hien Su dyng phuong phdp djnh khoa hpc xi hpi lupng mdi nhit tten thi gidi NEO Pl-R di ^ Nhan each vdi nhflng yiu td va thinh d?c nhin cdch ngudi Viet Nam, phan ciu tnic cua nd vua dupe tdm nhu chinh tdc gii khdng djnh, cd nhiiu uu ly hpc nghien cuu nhung ddng thdi cung the nhdt djnh nhung van khdng tfdnh khdi dupe dac bing cic chi sd va cdc "inpt s6 diim bit cap vi mdt phuong phdp phuong phdp thuc nghiem theo cic tiep can vd trien khai nghien cflTi" bdi "cd phuong phdp cua xd hpi hpc Vdi thi nhiiu khia canh v i chiiu sdu cua hipn ra^nh Id djnh lupng dupe bdng cdc chi sd thuc md he phuong phdp djnh lupng rS ring hien nay, cic cdng trinh nghien khdng thi ddp img" (Pham Minh Hjc, cuu, nhit Id eic di tai cdp nhd nude vi 2007: 54) Hon nfla, theo tdc gid vi$c eun^ vdn de nhdn cdch, dd chu yiu dp dung cdc cdp mpt buc tranh tpdn dipn vd sau sdc ve phuong phip lien nginh lim ly hpc, xa bdi cdnh hinh thinh nhin cich, djc bi^t la hOi hpc dc nghien cuu nhdn cdch cua tung nhan cich cua cdc nhdm xd hpi khdc nhau, nhdm ddi tupng cu thi nhu: sinh vien, hpc chi nhflng qud ttinh phuc mp vi vd cac huong nghi^ cUu v6 nhan each cflng Iinh boat cfla thuc hdnh hinh thinh nietn sdng, ngudi ta cdng gap vd bien ddi nhan each, neu bat len nhung nhiiu khd khan hon ttong tim kiim giii quan niem cfla chinh bdn thin chfl thi phdp hpp ly, khoa hpc, bii bdn cho nhflng hdnh ddng hay ndi mpt cich khac li ttinh van nan xung quanh sy suy Uiodi nhin bay vin d i nhdn cdch thdng qua ldng kinh cdch, thi viee tun kiim vd xic lap nin tang chu thi chi cd thi thuc Men dupe bdng phuong phip ludn vd co sd I^ luin cho hing loat nhOng cdng cy hflu hiSu vi die nghien ciiu nhdn each ttong triit hpc ttimg cua he cic phuong phdp djnh tinh cdng dupe diit cdp thiit hem Nhftng khoa hpc xd hdi ndm qua, nhiiu di tai cdp nhd nude vi Nhu viy, nghien ciiu nhdn cdch nhdn each da dupe liin hinh theo cdc ngudi Viet Nam, viec dp dung cdc hudng nghien cuu khac tu nhiiu gdc phuong phip djnh lupng khoa hpc dp vd da dat ducrc nhftng kit qud ding ki xd hpi dil cd uu viet den mdy, nhung tren Tuy nhien, nhung van d i thuc su ciia bdn thye li, lai cd y nghTa khdng nhiiu thin nhin each cung nhu khoa hpc nghien vice djnh hinh dupe bin chdt thyc sy cua eim ve nd vin d$t nhiiu vudng mic _ , nhdn each ngudi Viel Nam Ban chit chua ly giii dupe ddi hdi tiip tyc duoc nghien ciru, xem xet ^p cua nhdn each se khong thi ndo duoc lam sang td niu chi xit vi mat chuc ndng cung Hipn nay, nhflng nghien cuu mang nhu mil ciu tnic vat chit Ly cd lc tinh chit phuong phip luin cua triet hpc phin Icin thupc ve phuong phip ludn, vi ve nhan cich khdng nhiiu, mpt s6 bii bdo the phuong phdp ludn nghien euu tryc tiip xem xet khdi niem nhdn cdch tfl nhdn cdch theo chung tdi vdn la cin tuan gdc ttiit hpc Marx-Lenin nhu Bdn vi theo nhflng nguyen tdc tiip can cua triit khdi niim nhdn cdch dual goc dg triit hgc hpc mac xit dd la nguyen ldc he thong, cua Nguyen Qudc Tuin (2006) vd Nhdn n|uyen tic ljch sir - xa hpi vd nguyen tdc cdch theo quan diim Triil hgc Marxtiep can hotil ddng gia tri Ap dyng Lenin ciia Vu Thj Kim Oanh (2011) nhttng nguyen tie niy mpt each chinh xic Trong nghien cuu nhdn cdch thi mdi cd the lim rd dupe bdn chat cua ngudi Viet Nam, dua dinh hudng cd nhdn cdch ngudi Viet Nam linh chat phuong phdp luan cho vipc Cac nghiSn cuu dudi gdc dp triet hpc nghien cuu inh hudng ciia mdi trudng Nghien cim ve nhan cich ngudi kinh ti-xi hpi doi vdi sy hinh thinh vd Viet Nam ndi rieng vd nhan cich ndi phdt trien nhin cich ngudi Yiit Nam, Chung tfl gdc Iriit hpc ed nghTa Id tap lac gid Ddng Vfl Hoat (1993) clio ring trung vdo nhung vin di chung nhit cua chien lupc ngudi ddi hdi chiing ta nhan cich va nhdn cich ngudi Viet phdi nghien cuu hit sue nghiSm tue vi Nam cung nhu tap trung vao nhflng vin rajt khoa hpc nhdm: Idm sang td bdn chat di xac lap nin tang co sd ly luin vd vdi nhiing d|ic diim co bin cua ngudi phucmg phip luin cho nghien cim nhin Viet Nam; phit hipn nhirng quy lual vi each Khoing hon mudi ndm trd lai diy, nhflng tinh quy luit cua sy hinh thdnh va bdi cdnh xa hpi cd nhiiu Ihay ddi phdt trien nhdn cich ngucri Viet Nam cdn ban, ma nhflng biin dpng vi he sudt ehiiu ddi ljch sir ndi chung; xay gia in dang trd nen phirc tjp, dyng vd thye hipn mOt he thing giai phdp ngudi ngdy cing phii ddi mjil nhiiu hon phuc hop, hpp ly di mpt radt cd thi gido vdi nhftng biin dOng vi ldi song, quan due, ddo lao mpi ngudi ttd thdnh nhftng Thdng tm Khoa hoc xa hpi sd 10.2016 cdng din hiru ich, nhflng ngucri lao dOng cd du phim ehit v i nang lye dim duong ducrc nhiing trdch nhiem nhdl djnh tren cdc cuong vj nhit djnh, mat khdc, cd till khai thdc vi tan dyng cd hieu qua nhit khd ndng cua mdi ngucri phuc vy cho su nghiep ddi mdi eua ddt nude; dy bdo phdt ttien nhdn each ngucri Viet Nam vio nhiing ndm cudi thi ky XX vd nhimg ndm diu thi ky XXI tim Bdi dudng gidn^ vifn Iy ludn chi'nh tri, Dai hpc Qude gia Ha Npi Ha Npi Pham Miah Hac, Lf Due Phuc (chii bifn, 2004), Mgt s6 vdn di nghiin ciiu nhdn cdch Nxb Chinh tti qudc gia, Hd Npi Pham Minh H^c (chu bien, 2007), Nghien ctiu gid tri nhdn cdch theo phuang phdp NEO Pl-R cdi blln, Nxb Khoa hpc xd hpi, Hd Nfi Cao Thu Hdng (2011), Ke thira cac gid tri dgg dire truyin thdng xdy dung nhdn cdch nguai Viit Nam hiin Ludn in tiin sT Triit hoc, Hpc vifn KHXH Vien KHXH vift Nam, Hd Npi Tdm lai, ttong nghien cflu nhan cdch ngucri Viet Nam, viec phdn chia thdnh cac ITnh vuc nghien cim tten ddy cflng chi mang tinh chit rdt tutmg ddi Viec nghien cflu ve nhdn cdch eon ngucri Vift Nam tu nhieu gdc dO khdc cung da cd nhiiu bii viit, cflng trinh, di tii eic cip, my nhi6n, nhttng vin di thupc vi sy phuc t?p Lf Nhu Hoa (2001), Vdn hda gia dinh cua bdn thdn ddi lupng nghien cuu, vin di vdi vl4c hlnh Ihdnh vdphdt Irlin nhdn quan hp gifla ly lujn vi thyc tien khdo sal cdch Iri em Vifn Vdn hda va Nxb vin di su dyng cdc phuong phdp dinh Vdn hda - Thong tin Ha Npi linh, djnh lupng nghien cflu vin can nhieu cdng ttinh nghien ciiu ddm bdo Ding Vu Hoat (1993), "Dinh hudng cd tinh chit phuong phip luin cho ehit lupng hon ntta di dem Iju rapt cdi vifc nghien ciru dnh hudng cua moi nhin bao quit, todn difin vi nhdn cich trudng kinh ti-xd hpi ddi vdi sy hinh ngudi Vift Nam a thdnh vd phdt triin nhdn cdch ngudi Vipt Nam", Tgp chi Nghiin ciru gido dgc, sd 11 T i i lifu tham khao 10 Nguyin Vdn Huyfn (1995), "Qui trinh sing tap vd sy phdt triin nhin each", Tapchi rne'/Apc, s63 11 Le Huong (2003), "D0ng co va qua Trin Anh Chdu (2008), "Tdc dpng cfla trinh hinh thdnh nhin cdch", Tjp ehl raOl s6 ddc diira nhdn cdch din ddng Tdm ly hgc, sd CO thinh d^t cfla nien" Tap chi 12 Phan Thi Mai Huong (2005), Thanh Tdm ly hgc sd nien nghiin ma luy: Nhdn each vd Pham Tit Dong (chu bien, 2010), hodn cdnh xa hgi, Nxb Khoa hpc xi Nhirng phdm chgt nhdn cdch dgc hpi Ha NOi trung eda nguai Thdng Long - Ha N0I I3.Luong Thj Quynh Khuf (1995), Vdn Nxb Hi NOi, Hi Npi hda thdm my vdi su hinh thdnh nhdn Le Thj Thiiy Dung (2013), Vai tro ciig cdch cua ngudi Viit Nam hi^n vdn hdg thdm my ddi vai suphdl Irlin nay, Luin an phd lien sT Khoa hpe nhdn cdch sinh viln Viit Nam Men Trift hpc, Hpc vifn Chinh tq quoc gia Ludn dn tiin si Triit hoc, Trung H8 Chi Minh, Hd Npi Nguyen Ngpe Bich (1998), Tdm ly hgc nhdn cdch: Mgt sd vdn di ly lugn, Nxb Gido dye Hi Npi CJSC huong nghian cuu vi nhfln cAcb H.Nguyen Thj Mai Lan (2010), Dinh hudng gid in nhdn cdch cua hgc sinh trung hoc phd thdng, Nxb Tu didn Bach khoa Hd Ngi 15 Hd Lidn (2008), Mot hudng tiip can vdn hda Viit Nam Nxb Van hoc, Hd Ngi Id.Dd Long (2000), "Quan he cua tre va bien phdp khac phuc qua trinh phi nhdn each hda d tre lang thang", Tgp chi Tdm ly hgc, sd 17 Do Long (2004), "Lai bdn vd nhdn cdch vd nhdn cdch chidn sy", Tgp chi Tdm ly hgc sd 12 L f W 18 Nguyin Dang Dinh Luc (2005), Vai Ird cua phdp lugt qud Irinh htnh thdnh nhdn cdch, Nxb Tu phdp, Hd Ngi 19 Phgm Thi Minh (2005), "Gido dye nhan cdch cho hgc sinh, sinh vidn bdi cdnh ciia eo chd thj tnrdng", Tgp chi Tdm ly hgc, sd 20 Pham Thdnh Nghj (2008), "Ddc diem nhan cdch sdng lao", Nghiin ciru Con ngucri sd 21 Hodng Due Nhuan (1996), Vai trd cua nhd irudng sir hinh ihdnh vd phdi triin nhdn cdch ngudi Viit Nam bdng dudng gido due ddo tgo, Bao cdo ngi dung nghien cuu vd kdl qud dgt dugc cua De lai lO(-07-08, Hd Ngi 22 Hd Huu Nhyi (2004), "Giao dye nhdn each ngudi cai nghian", Nghiin cuu ngudi vd xa hgi, Trung ldm KHXH&NV Thanh phd Hd Chi Minli Sd ngi san thdng 23 Ddo Thi Oanh (2007), Vdn di nhdn cdch tdm ly hgc ngdy Nxb Gido dye Hd Ngi 24 Vu Thj Kim Oanh (2011), "Nhan each theo quan diem uidi hgc Marx-Lenin", Khoa hgc Chlnh tri, sd 33 25 Trdn Sy Phan (1999) Gido due dgo due ddi vdi su hinh thdnh vd phdt trien nhdn cdch sinh viin Viet Nam Irong giai dogn hien nay, Luan an lidn sT Triet hgc, Hgc vien Chinh tri qudc gia Hd Chi Minh, Ha Noi 26 Nguyen Van Phtic (1996) "Vai trd cita gido dye dao due ddi vdi sy phat tridn nhan each co che thi dudng", Tgp chi Triet hoc, sd 27 Nguydn Thi Thanh Tam (2011), "Nhan cdch nguoi ldnh dao quan ly vd vai trd cua ydu id tri tue cam xuc", Nghiin cihi Con ngudi, so 3, 28 Pham Huy Thanh (2012), "Vai tid ciia gido due chit nghia ydu nude ddi vdi vi?c xdy dung nhan each sinh vien Viet Nam bdl cdnh loan cdu hda hidn nay", Dgy va hgc ngdy sd 29 Le Thi (1997), Vai trd gia dinh viee xdy dung nhdn each eon ngitdi Viet Nam, Nxb Phu nd, Hd Ngi 30 Tran Trgng Thuy (2004), "Lao dgng vd nhan cdch cua ngudi cdn bg khoa hgc nhin tu gde dd cua lam 1^ hgc x3 hdi", Tgp chi Tdm ly hgc, sd 31 Ld Thj Thuy (2000), Vai ird cua dgo due ddi vdi su hinh thdnh nhdn cdch ngudi Viet Nam diiu kiin ddi mdi hiin nay, Luan an tidn sT Tridt hgc, Hgc vi?n Chinh yj qude gia Ho Chi Minh, Ha Ndi 32 Do Lai Thuy (2005), Vdn hda ViH Nam nhin iH mdu nguoi vdn hda, Nxb Vdn hda thdng lin, Tgp chi Vdn hda nghi ihudi HdNgi 33 Nguyen Qudc Tuan (2006), "Bdn vd khdi nidm nhdn cdch dudi gdc dg tridt hgc", Khoa hoc Chinh iri sd 34 Ld Him Xanh (2006), "Nhdn each ngudi ldnh dgo quan ly d nude ta hi^n - Ly ludn vd thyc tien", Tgp chi 7am ly hgc, sd ... Vipt Nam tu gdc dp vdn hpc va vdn hda cua cdc thdi dai vdn hda cu thi dupe hda hpc chu yiu di cjp din viec xdc djnh D§ Lai Thfly gpi bdng "con ngudi ldng xd, "md hinh nhdn cdch ngudi Viet Nam" ... nhin" " Con cho cdc gid tri vdn hda - ljch su, li sy khdi ngudi ling xd lim nen cin cudc cua qudt nhihig gid tti, dac trung ndi bat ciia ngucri Viet Nam, quyit djnh bin sdc cua ngudi Viet Nam qua... thdi dai chung cho nhan cdch ngudi Viet Nam Ly - Tran li "con ngudi vd ngd" Dd Id Nhflng cdng_ trinh nghien ciru khoa hpc nhflng ngucri kiet xudt, nhimg nhin cong nghe cdp nhd nude v i nhdn cdch
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