Một số biểu hiện stress ở vận động viên trong tập luyện thể thao

MOT SO BIEU HIEN STRESS VAN DONG VIEN TRONG TAP LUYEN THE THAO TS Pham Thj Thanh Htrong Vien Khoa hgc The due The thao TOM T A T ) Bdi bdo de cap den mot khia canh cua ddi sdng lam ly ngudi xd hoi CO nhieu bien ddng hien vd tuong doi mai a Viet Nam Dd Id stress irong the thao Bdi viet ndy lap trung nghien ciru mot sd bieu hien ciia stress lap luyen the thao cua van ddng vien cir tg, vgl tu do, judo, the due dung cu Stress a vdn dong vien bieu hien phd bien d cdc trang thdi phdn irng tam ly la: cdng thdng met mdi, ndng gian lo lang vuive Tu" khoa: Stress d vdn ddng vien: Stress tdp luyen the thao Cdng ihdng d van dong vien Ngdy nhdn bdi 6/11/2014; Ngdy duyel ddng bdi: 25/4/2017 ABSTRACT This article addresses an aspect of human psychological life in today's highly volatile and relatively new Vietnam It is stress in sports The article focuses on some symptoms of stress in training that athletes in weight lifting, Judo, free-style wrestling and apparatus gymnastics may experience The most popular stress symptoms observed in athletes are psychological respon.ses as tension, fatigue, anger, anxiety, joy, etc Keywords: Stress in athletes: Stress in sporis practice Tension in athletes Dat van de The thao la loai hinh lao dpng niing, luon doi hoi nhirng dap ung nang lire toi da va vugt trpi ciia nguoi Do do, stress the thao co the giup cho ngucri tra nen kien cucmg, manh me, hoan thien cac pham chat nang luc va nang cao kha nang mien dich, thich irng cang tot hon vai hoan canh Dong thai cung co the giup nguoi doi mat vai nhung giai han cua ban than de biet chap nhan hay no luc vuan len Vai tro va y nghTa cua stress doi song thuc tien chiing ta da Ihay ro N h u n g nam g^n day, stress tha thao cung da d u a c ban luan nhiSu V^n dh dat la: lir goc Tam ly hoc sircss irong ihe Ihao bieu hien nhu ihc nao? Nhirng yCu l6 c a ban nao anh TAPCHiTAMLyHOC, So (218), 5-2017 hudng den stress the thao? Can cd bien ph4p gi ed the giiip kiem soat stress thi thao? Cho den nay, nhimg bao eao khoa hgc ca ly luan va thuc tien ve vin di chua ed nhieu chuyen sau d Viet Nam Tat ca thuc te dd dang trd nen bu:c thiet, thdi thue cac nha tam ly hpc nghien ciiru nhiing khia canh ciia stress the thao Stress d van dpng vi^n dugc bieu hien chu yeu d cae trang thai phan ling tam ly the thao rat da dang va phdc tap Do dd, de danh gia bieu hien stress d van ddng vien the thao cd the dua tren ca sd cda cac trang thai phan irng tam ly d van ddng vien Cae trang thai phan urng tam ly phd biin thi thao d van ddng vien la: - Cang thing: la biiu hien stress phan anh cae mu:e dap irng nang lugng va nang lire tit binh thudng din tdi da, tham chi tdi kiet siic di giai quyit cae nhiem vu va nhirng yeu td anh hudng tit khach quan va chii quan cua chii the - Met mdi: la bieu hien stress phan anh tam ly chu quan vi sir giam siit tam thdi nhirng dap irng nang lire thi thao trade nhirng yiu td anh hudng chii quan va khach quan - Ndng gian: la bieu hien stress phan anh tam trang khdng hai Idng va thai dp, hanh vi khdng tich cue ddi vdi cac yiu td anh hucmg - Trang thai lo au: la bieu hien stress phan anh tam trang chii quan khdng kiem soat dugc ban than, hoan canh - Vui ve: la bieu hien stress phan anh tam trang tich cue, lac quan, phan anh su thda man cua chii thi ddi vdi cac yiu td anh hudng Bai viet trinh bay mot sd biiu hien stress d van ddng vien tap luyen the thao Phuang phap nghien cu-u 2.1 Phuang phap trdc nghiem (test): Nghien eiiu da su dung trie nghiem cua Soly-Bensabal Muc dich ciia trie nghiem di mirc dd Wiu hien stress Trac nghi?m bao gdm 30 cau tuong irng vdi 30 biiu hien trang thai phan irng lam ly Mdi cau duac danh gia theo thang mirc do: Rit thudng xuyen, thudng xuyen, thinh thoang, khdng xuat hien Cac miic phan anh tin suit biiu hien eua mo trang thai phan iing lam ly, Trang thai phan ung tam ly xult hien cang rat thuong xuyen, cang chirng td mirc io biiu hien stress cang cao,,, Thang diem danh gia biiu hien stress ciia Soly-Bensabal: - Mirc 30 diem: cd bieu hien stress: - Mire 31 - 60 diim: stress cao; - Muc 61 - 90 diim: stress rit cao 44 TAP CHi TAM L-f HOC, Sd' (218), - 2017 2.2 Phucmg phap quan sat: Quan sat hien trang v6 nhung sac thai bieu hien ctia stress tren van dong vien sau van dpng vien thuc hien bai tap gang sire toi da tap luyen th^ thao Ddi tupfng quan sat: nh&ng bieu hien stress (sac thai khuon mat; m6 hoi; dpng tac hanh vi ) tren van dpng vien mon cu ta; vat tir do; judo; the due dung cu tap luyen the thao - Miic dp h\h\x hien stress qua "s^c thai khuon mat" dupe danh gia nhu sau: Hai img do: stress nhe; Do: stress cao; Do gay, tai, mk s5c: stress rat cao - Miic dp bieu hien stress qua "mo hoi": Mo hoi it: stress nhe; Nhieu, dac biet o tren that lung: stress cao; Rat nhi6u, dac biet a mat va dudi that lung: stress rat cao - Muc dp biiu hien stress qua "dpng tac": Dong tac binh thucrng: stress nhe; Dpng tac khong chinh xac, lao dao: stress cao; Dpng tac lao dao, roi loan phoi hpfp: stress rat cao 2.3 Phuffng phap khdo sdt bdng bdng hoi: Bang hoi dupfc thiet ke de cac trang thai: phan chan, vui ve; cang thang; met moi; hoi hop luyen tap the thao ciia cac van dpng vien * Bdng hdi trgng thdi cang thdng gom 19 chi tieu; tuong ung vai moi chi tieu la cac miic dp danh gia: khong co bieu hien {1 diem), - lan/thang {2 diem); - lan/luan (3 diem), < lan/ngay (4 diem) Thang danh gia chung trang thai cang thang dupe danh gia tren ca sa diem trung binh cong cua 19 chi tieu tren va phan chia theo mu'c: Mirc - cang thang: tir 19-38 diem; Mirc - ral cang thang: tir 38 - 57 diem; Miic - cang thang qua mure: lir 57 - 76 diem * Bdng hoi trgng thdi met mdi gom 25 chi tieu; luong ii'ng vai rnoi chi tieu la cac mirc dp ral thuong xuyen (4 diem), thuong xuyen {3 diem), Ihinh thoang (2 diem) va khong (I diem) Thang danh gia chung trang thai met moi duoc dua tren CO sa diem irung binh cong ciia 25 chi tieu va phan chia iheo mirc: Miic - met moi: tir 25 - 50 diem; Mirc - ral mel moi: lir 50 - 75 diem; Mirc - met moi qua mirc: tir 75-100 diem * Bdng hoi trgng thdi nong gian gom chi tieu, tuong ung vol moi chi lieu la cac mii'c dp- nhieu khong nha (20 diem); - lan/ngay {15 diem); - lan/ngay {10 diem), khong {5 diem); Thang danh gia chung trang thai nong gian dupe dua Iren co so diem trung binh cong cua chi lieu va phan chia theo mirc: Miic - nong gian: lir 40 - 80 diem; Miic - ral nong gian: lir 80 - 120 diem Muc - nong gian qua miic: lir 120 - 160 diem * Bdng hoi trang thai lo lang gom 16 chi lieu, luong ung voi moi chi tieu la cac mirc dp tuang iing: rat thuong xuyen (4 diem): thuang xuyen (3 diem), thinh thoang (2 diem); khong (1 di^m) Thang danh gia chung Irang thai lo l^ng duac dua tren ca so diem Irung binh cong ciia 16 chi lieu va phan chia theo TAPCHI'TAMLVHOC, S6 5(2I8), 5-2017 45 miic: Miic - lo ling: tir 16 - 32 diim; Mirc - rit lo ling: tir 32 - 48 diim; Mirc - lo ling qua miic: tir 48 - 64 diem * Bdng hdi trgng thdi vui ve gdm chi tieu, tuong ling vdi mdi chi tiSu la cac mirc do: khdng cd biiu Men (10 diim); - lin/ngay (15 diim); - lin/ngay (20 diim); nhiiu khdng nhd (25 diim); Thang dSnh gia chung trang thai vui ve dugc dua trSn ca sd diem trung binh cdng cua chi tieu va phan chia theo miic dp: Mirc - cd phin chin vui ve: tit 40 - 80 diim; Miic - rit vui ve: tir 81 - 120 diim; Mirc - vui ve qua miic: tit 121 - 160 diem Ket qua nghien cihi 3.1 Biiu hien chung ve stress d v&n dpng vien qua khdo sdt bang trie nghiem stress cua Soly-Bensabal Bdng 1: Bieu hien chung ve stress a van ddng vien tdp luyen the thgo qua trdc nghiem stress ciia Soly-Bensabal Van dong vien VJt nr COrts Judo Gidi tinh Co* mau (n = 56) Bilm stress Bo lech cbuan Ntt 66,82 5,31 Nam 65,55 1,16 Nil 67,88 11,32 Nam 65,62 3,81 Ntt 67,79 5,57 Nam 11 68,35 5,75 Th^ due dung cu Ntt 68,82 6,48 Nam 67,38 6,39 Trung binb chung Nir 26 67,82 7,17 Nam 30 66,72 4,27 Biem trung binh Banb gia 66,18 66,75 68,07 Stress a miic dp rat cao 68,10 67,27 Tdng quan chung kit qua d bang eho thiy, diim trung binh stress cua nu la 67,82, eua nam la 66,72 diem va diim trung binh chung eua van ddng vien d mdn the thao la 67,27 diim Day la sd diim njm thang danh gia la stress rdi cao Dp lech chuin trung binh la 5,72 Diiu chirng td dp phan tan khdng Idn, bieu hi^n va mirc dp stress giOa cac van ddng vien cd su khac biet khdng dang ki _ Dp lech chuan khdtig chi cho phep xac dinh dp phan tan cua mirc dp bieu hien stress qua diim sd stress gitta eac khach thi, ma cdn phan anh tinh in 46 TAP CHITAM ly HOC, S6'5 (218), - 2017 djnh ciia miic stress Do l&h chuin cang nhd (cang tiem can true hoanh) thi tinh dn dinh cua mite dp stress giUa cac van ddng vien cang Idn Dp lech chuan cang Idn (cang tren xa triic hoanh), tinh dn dinh cua mite dp stress giOa eac van dpng vien cang thip Miie dp phan tan Idn nhat thudc ve cac van ddng vien mdn cu ta (nO: 11,32 va nam: 3,81), sau dd den cac van ddng vien mdn vat tu (nu: 5,31 va nam: 1,16) Trung binh giiia nam va nil cd dp phan tan khac bidt kha ro (nO: 7,17 va nam: 4,27) IVlirc dp phan tan d nO va nam van ddng vien mdn judo la nhu (5,57) O nir va nam van ddng vien mdn the due dung cu cd su phan tan khac biet khdng dang ke (nO: 6,48 va nam: 6,39) Tren day la ket qua nghien ciru thuc trang chung ve van de stress d van ddng vien dang cap cao cac mdn vat tu do, cir ta, judo, thi due dung eu bang phucmg phap danh gia stress cua Soly-Bensabal Ket qua da xac dinh thuc trang van ddng vien dang stress rat cao Dieu se tao nen hieu irng stress the thao Vi vay, neu khdng cd nhirng bien phap giup van ddng vien kiem soat stress, van ddng vien se rat khd dat hieu qua tdt hon cac giai doan huan luyen va thi dau tiep theo 3.2 Bieu hien stress tap tuyen the thao qua quan sdt Bdng 2: Bieu hien stress a van ddng vien qua quan sdt Bieu hien va miic stress o v a n dong vien trang thai gang sire toi da Stress nhe Dau hieu nhan biet Sac mat Hoi irng Phan tram (%) 38,57 Do 2i,55 Nhieu, dac biet 6' tren tliat lung 28,16 Mo hoi it 18,57 Nhip tii6 Biiih tluiong 0.00 Dong lac irmh thuong Chu y Binli thu'ong 1,75 Khong to a c(S phan I'rng, thai 32.87 Cliiii guic Stress rat cao Stress eao Dau hieu nhan biet ill Bieu hien 9,89 Nhanh d;ing Khong chinh xac, liio dao Thuc hien yeu cau khong chinh xac Khong cam nhan ve cam giac TAP CHI TAM li HOC, Sd (218), - 2017 Dau hieu nhan biet Do gay, tai, mat sac Rat nhieu, dac biet mat va dudi that lung Phan tram {%) 39,88 53,27 10.68 Rat nhanh, hon hen 89,32 32.72 Lao dao, roi loan phoi hgp 57,39 47,93 Thirc hien yeu cau (nhiem vu) khong chinh xac va cham 50,32 58,35 Khong the tap trung run, tho hon hen, chong mat, buon non v v 8.78 Trong thuc ti, stress khdng chi dugc chu the cam nhan rfl, ma stress cdn cd the quan sat mgt each khach quan Nhihig biiu hi6n stress tren van dong vien Irong tap luyen thi thao cd thi quan sat qua nSm biSu hien chinh; s5c mjt, mo hdi, nhip thd, ddng tac, chu y, ctai giac Mdi biiu hien cd cac dau hi?u nhan biSt va mirc dg tuong ung Hiu hit van d^ng vien (89,32%) tr?ng thai gSng siic tdi da diu cd diu hi?u thd nhanh va thd hdn hin d miic stress rat cao Ltrgng mo hdi ik nhiiu d toan than, dac biet la a mat va dudi that lung cung chiem tjilf cac (53,27%) v4 ct mirc stress rat cao Khi ydu ciu thuc hien dpng tac (cam day chi vto mOt diim) sau van dgng vien ging siic tdi da, kit qua cho thSy, thvtc hi^n ddng tac bhih thudng (mii:c stress nhe), chiim 9,89%; th\rc hien dpng tac khong ciiinh xac (mure stress cao), chiim 32,72%; thuc hi?n ddng tac khong chinh xac, lao dao (mirc stress rit cao), chiim 57,39% Tiip theo la chii -j \k cam giac Thdng thudng, trang th4i ging siic tdi da hojc sau tran| thai ging siic tii da, hau hit vSn dOng vien khdng chu y, khdng to thai dS yh the hi|n cim giac vdi bit ky diiu gi, m4 chi thd vk di lai nhe nhing de nhanh trd ve trang th4i hdi ph\ic Khi ykxx ciu chii -j (biic tranh phong canh) thi hiu hit v|n dong vien Id di va khdng quan tam Nhimg khoing 10 phiit sau hdi phuc, hiu h^ nhiing vgn ddng vifin dugc yen cau, hp trd lai ngim nhin buc tranh 3.3 Biiu hi$n stress qua trgng thai cang thing & vgn dpng vien Bang 3: Bieu hifn chung ciia trgng thdi cdng thdng & van dgng vien V|t «f Cit? Judo The dye dyng cy Diem trung binb Gid^ tinb Man (n = 5«) Diem III Mdn thi tbao 55,06 Ntt 57,75 Nam 52,37 Ntt 54,22 Nam 51,16 Ntt 57,13 Nam 11 58,27 Ntt 56,63 Nam 57,42 Ntt 26 56,43 Nam 30 54,80 $ Uch cbuan Danh gii 3,21 2,23 52,69 8,12 3,18 57,70 3,67 3,28 57,02 422 Van dpng vien trang thai ritcSng thang 4,83 S5,6I 4,80 3,38 Bang la kit qua nghien ciiu miic dd biiu hien cSng thing tren van ddng vien cac mdn v4t tir do, cu ta, judo va thi due dvmg cu cho thiy: Sd diim 48 TAP CHITAM LV HOC, S6 (218), - 2017 trung binh chung cua cac van dpng vien la 55,61 Theo phucmg phap danh gia cua nghien cuu nay, day la so diem phan anh cang thang co bieu hien a muc: rat cdng thdng Diim trung binh ciia van dong vien mdn vat tu la 55,06 diem; van d6ng vi6n mon cur ta la 52,69 diem; van dpng vien mon judo la 57,70 diem; van dpng vien mon thi due dung cu la 57,02 diem Diem trung binh cua niJ la 56,43 diem va nam co diem trung binh la 54,80 diem, phdn dnh muc bieu hien rat cdng thdng Dac biet d nam van dpng vien mon judo va the due dung cu CO muc dp bieu hien cang thang cao hoTi so voi nu nhung sir khac biet khong Ion Miic dp bieu hien cang thang ciia nu van dpng vien mon vat tu cao hon cac nu van dpng vien cac mon cu ta, judo, the due dung cu 3.4 Biiu hien chung cua met moi & van ddng vien qua khao sdt bang bang hoi Bang 4: Bieu hien chung ve met moi d van dgng vien Mon the tbao Vai til Cita Judo The due dung cu Biem trung binh GiM tinh Mau (n = 56) Diem Diem trung binh Ntt 67,75 65,24 Nam 62,73 Nu 64,82 Nam 61,86 Ntt 67,73 Nam II 68,87 Nu 66,67 Nam 67,82 Ntt 66,74 Nam 65,32 63,34 Ddnb gia Van dong vien trang thai rat met moi 68,3 67,24 66,03 Tir kel qua nghien ciru cr bang 4, ta thay, diem trung binh chung ctia met moi o van dpng vien la 66,03 diem Diem trung binh chung ciia nu la 66,74 diem va diem Irung binh chung ciia nam la 65,32 diem Theo phircmg phap danh gia ciia chiing loi, diem so met moi cua van dpng vien nam Irong giai han ciia mirc: rat met mdi Cu the, diem mel moi trung binh chung ciia nii la 66,74 diem va nam la 65,32 diem Day la diem so phan anh miic dp bieu hien rat met moi Diein so cua nu Idn hon so v(ji diem so cua nam van dpng vien, chirng to, d nu mirc dp bieu hien met moi han so vdi nam, mac dii sir khac biel khong dang ke TAP CHI TAM LV HOC, Sd (218), - 2017 49 Mdc phan tan ciia diim sd giita cac van ddng vien a mdn thi due dung eu la Idn nhit (4,12); tiip sau dd la van ddng vien mdn judo (3,37) Do phan tan miic met mdi d van dong vien mdn cu ta (3,50) va mdn vat tu (2,82) thip hon so vdi mdn thi due dung cu va mdn judo Do phan tan cdn phan anh tinh on dinh cua mu:c biiu hien met mdi d van ddng vien 3.5 Biiu hien stress qua Irang thdi nong gian & van ddng vien Bang S: Biiu hien stress qua trgng thdi ndng gian a vdn ddng vien Mirc bieu hien nong gian Van dong vien Vat tu Cirta Judo Tlie due dung eu Diem trung binh Mau (n = 56) Diem Ntt 75,68 Nam 77,35 Nu 72,77 Nam 73.25 Nu 78,62 Nam II 81,27 Nu 73,55 Nam 75,66 Gioi tinb Diem trung binh 76,51 73.01 79,94 74.60 Na 75,15 Nam 76,88 Mcix SI.27 79.94 Mm 72,77 73.01 Trung hinh 76,01 '6,1)1 Do lech chuan 12,55 15,36 17,22 13,51 15,66 1,78 15,22 17,33 15,16 14,49 17,33 12.55 I4.H2 Bang la ket qua nghien ciru bieu hien va mirc ciia Irang thai ndng gian d van dong vien Diem trung binh chung ciia trang thai ndng gian d nO van dgng vien la 75,15 diem va cua nam la 76,88 diim Diim trung binh chung ciia trang thai ndng gian d van ddng vien la 76,01 diim Day la sd diim nim d thang danh gia chua d mirc rat ndng giiin va ndng gian qua mirc I rong dd na van ddng vien cir ta cd so diem ndng gian thip hon so vdi van dong vien d cae mdn vat tu judo, thi due dung cu va nam van ddng vien cir la cd sd diem ndng gian thap hon so vdi cac van dgng vien khac Diiu dd co nghIa la mirc bieu hien nong gian d nO van ddng vien mdn eir ta va o nam \m dong \icn mon cir ta la thap hon so vdi cac mdn Ihi thao khac Nam van 50 TAP CHI TAM LV HOC, Sd (218), - 2017 ddng vien judo cd sd diim ndng gian cao nhit (81,27 diim), day la sij diem cham din muc rdt ndng gian Nam van dong vien mdn judo ciing cd sd diem ndng gian cao hon so vdi cac van ddng vien khac nhung chi gidi han ciia thang danh gia la cd biiu hien ndng gian, chua ndng gian qua mu:c Trung binh chung thi vSn ddng vien mdn judo cd bieu Men va mirc cao hon so vdi cac mdn Idiac Van dgng vien mdn cu ta cd bieu hien va miic ndng gian thip hon so vdi cae van ddng vien mdn khac Bieu hien vii mu:c ndng gian giira cac van ddng vien cQng khdng cd su khac biet Idn Mdc bieu hien ndng gian nhin chung gidi ban, chua a mirc ndng gian qud mite 3.6 Bieu hien stress qua trgng thdi lo lang & van dpng vitn Bdng 6: Bieu hien stress qua trang thdi lo du d van ddng vien Mirc bieu bien lo lang Van dong vien Vat lir Cirta Judo The due dung cu Diem trung binh Gioi tinh Man (n = 56) Diem trung binh Nu 47,25 Nam 42,33 Ntt 44,52 Nam 41,66 Ntt 47,83 Nam 11 48,37 NO 46,57 Nam 47,72 Diem trung binb chung 44,79 Do lech chuan 13,51 12,53 43,09 13,32 13,48 48,10 13,27 13,38 45,78 14,16 14.23 NO 46.54 Nam 45,02 Max 48,37 48,10 14,23 Mm 41.66 43.09 12,53 Trung birrh 45,78 13.56 13,04 45.78 13,48 Bang la kel qua nghien ciru bieu hien va mirc cua trang thai lo ling d van dgng vien Diem trung binh chung ciia trang thai lo ling d van dgng vien la 45,78 Diem trung binh ciia nir la 46,54 va cua nam la 45,02 diim Day la sd diim irong thang danh gia la van ddng vien cd bieu hien lo idng TAP CHi TAM LV HOC, Sd (218), - 2017 51 Nhin chung, d van ddng vien cd biiu hien va miic trang thai lo lang cao hon cac mdn cii ta, vat tu va thi due dung cu Van dgng vien mdn cu t? ed biiu hien va muc lo ling thip hon so vdi cic mdn v&t tu do, judo, the due dung cu Tuy nhien, biiu hien va miic dp lo ling gitta cac v?n ddng vien cQng ichdng ed sir khac biet Idn Mite biiu hien lo ling nhin chung gidi han chua a mice rdt lo Idng va lo Idng qud miic 3.7 Biiu hien stress qua trgng thdi vui ve & van dpng vien Bang 7: Biiu hien stress qua trgng thdi vui ve a van dgng vien Mirc bieu hien vui ve Van dong vien VSt tir Cttta Judo The due dgng cu Diem Irung binh Giori tinb Mau (n = 56) Diem trung binh Diem trung binb chung Do lecb chuan 12,35 Ntt 78,22 Nam 76,53 Ntt 78,67 Nam 73,25 Ntt 77,32 Nam 11 75,63 NO 78,53 Nam 77,62 18,47 Ntt 78,18 14,21 Nam 75,75 Max 78.67 Min 73.25 Trung binh 77,37 11,57 75,96 15,53 13,66 76,47 17,33 19,52 78,07 76,97 11,63 15,80 76.97 7«,07 19.52 75.96 11,57 15,00 Bang la ket qua nghien ciru bieu hien va mirc phan chan, vui ve d van ddng vien Day la stress tich eye, la ngudn nang lugng tinh thin rit can thiet eudc sdng ndi chung, tap luyen thi thao ndi rieng Niu tap luyen the thao, van ddng vien cd niem dam me va phan chin, vui ve, se giup phat huy tdi uu cac nang lire d van ddng vien Van ddng vien ed biiu hien va rnirc phin chin, vui ve vdi sd diim trung binh chung la 76,97 diim Day la sd diim thang danh gia la phdn chdn, vui ve Van ddng vien giua eac mdn thi thao cd biiu hien va mirc phin chin 52 TAP CHI TAM LV HOC, Sd (218), - 2017 vui ve khong co sir khac biet Ion Van dpng vien nam va nit mon cii ta co bieu hien miic dp ph§n chin, vui ve khac biet hon so vdi van dpng vien nam va nG Of cac mon th^ thao khac nhung sir khac biet ciing khong Idti Ket luan Stress a van dpng vien tap luyen the thao la mpt cau true phan khong tach rai cau triic Ihl thao chung Mot so biiu hien stress the thao duoc van dpng vi6n xac nhan bien la cdng thdng, met moi, lo du, nong gian, phdn chdn, vui ve deu miic dp rdt cao nhung chua qud miic va doc hai Cac trang thai phan iing t^m ly da phan anh kha ro net nhirng sac thai bieu hien cua stress the thao Day la nhirng phan don vj cau nen stress the thao Bieu hien stress a van dpng vien phan anh mpt nhiing hien trang tat yeu khach quan the thao Tai lieu tham khao Nguyen Thanh Khai, Stress qudn ly, Luan an Tien sT Tam ly hpc, Tnrang Dai hpc Su pham Ha Npi, 2000 M Ferreri, Stress tu benh hoc tam thdn den cdch liep can dieu Iri, Nguyen Viet dich va bien scan, Ha Npi, 1997 Rudich, Tam ly hgc, NXB Thg due ThS thao, Ha Noi, 1980 Mac Van Trang, Su cdng thdng cua sinh vien hgc tap ddi sdng vd gidi phdp cdi ihien linh hinh, Ky yeu Hoi thao khoa hpc ve nhu'ng roi loan co lien quan den stress a tre em, - 7/11/1997 tai Ha Noi, 1997 Dong Van Trieu, Ly ludn the due the thao vd phuang phdp gido due the chdt - Bai giang cho sinh vien Truong Dai hoc The due The thao Bae Ninh, 2006 Nguyen The Truyen, Sau nguyen tdc chuyen biet hudn luyen the thao - Bai giang Huan luyen vien chinh Vien Khoa hpc The (due The thao, Ha Npi, 2007 V6 Khanh Vinh Nguyen Huu Minh, Vu Manh l-ai, Dang Nguyen Anh, Phan Thi Mai Hucmg, Vu Thi Thanh Hucmg, Bai giang chuyen de Thiel ke nghien cim khoa hoc xd hoi Ly ludn vd ihuc tien Hoe Vien Khoa hpc Xa hoi Vict Nam, 2011 Pham Ngpe Vien Gido irinh Tam ly hoc the due the thao, NXB Th^ due Ihk thao Ha Npi, 2006 Pham Ngoc Vien, Lam Quang Thanh, Nguyen Anh Minh, Pham Thi Thanh Huong, Tdm ly van ddng vien the ihao, NXB The due Thi ihao, Ha Noi, 2014 10 Pham Ngpc Vien, Mai Van Muon, Truong An My, Du bdo mo hinh trinh hudn luyen lam ly van dgng vien mot sd mon the thao, D£ tai c§p Vien, Ha Noi, 1990 11 Pham Ngoc Viln, Pham Thi Thanh Huang, Stress Irong hoai ddng the thao, NXB Tha due Tb£ Ihao, Ha Npi, 2011 TAP CHI TAM LV HOC, So (218), - 2017 ... ciia stress the thao Stress d van dpng vi^n dugc bieu hien chu yeu d cae trang thai phan ling tam ly the thao rat da dang va phdc tap Do dd, de danh gia bieu hien stress d van ddng vien the thao. .. luyen the thao - Miic dp hhx hien stress qua "s^c thai khuon mat" dupe danh gia nhu sau: Hai img do: stress nhe; Do: stress cao; Do gay, tai, mk s5c: stress rat cao - Miic dp bieu hien stress. .. th^ thao khac nhung sir khac biet ciing khong Idti Ket luan Stress a van dpng vien tap luyen the thao la mpt cau true phan khong tach rai cau triic Ihl thao chung Mot so biiu hien stress the thao