từ đển tiếng anh - việt chuyên ngành công nghệ ô tô

electronic air control valve: Van điều khiển tốc độ cầm chừng bằng điện tử ear n.. ECI short of electrically controlled injection: Hệ thống phun nhiên liệu điều khiển bằng điện.. =

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Ee

E = ECONOMY (GEAR): tiết kiệm

(số)

EAC valve n electronic air control

valve: Van điều khiển tốc độ cầm

chừng bằng điện tử

ear n projection in the shape an ear,

usually as a lug, but also as a

spoiler behind the rear windows

to improve stability in side winds:

tấm chắn gió (kính sau)

early fuel evaporation (EEF) system

n system that heats the inlet

manifold to provide a warm

air/fuel mixture, reducing

condensation and improving fuel

evaporation, thus improving cold

engine operation and reducing

exhaust emissions: Hệ thống làm

bốc hơi nhiên liệu

earth 1 n return part of an electrical

system, which in a motor vehicle is

provided by the metal body and

chassis: Âm, mass

2 v to connect a circuit or a

component to a chassis or body

part, either directly or by means of

a wire: Nối mass

(NOTE: US English for this is

ground)

 earth connection = wire or

other metal strip for connecting a

component to the vehicle chassis

or body: Vật (dây) nối mass

 earth electrode = side

electrode of a sparking plug: Điện

cực bìa (bougie)

(NOTE: opposite is centre electrode)

 earth return = return part of an electrical circuit, provided by an

earth connection: phần dây nối mass của mạch điện

 earth strap = piece of braided wire for earthing the battery, with

a clip for attachment to the appropriate battery terminal at one and a terminal for connecting to

the chassis or body at the other: Dây nối mass cho ăc quy

easing fluid n = penetrating oil: Dầu

thấm (tan gỉ)

east–west layout n transverse

positioning of the engine across the car, found in many front-wheel

drive designs: Sự bố trí (động cơ) nằm ngang

(NOTE: also called transverse engine; opposite is north-south layout)

ESA valve n valve in an emission

control system governing the air flow from the air pump in

connection with the EAC valve: van dẫn khí đến van EAC

eat (away) v to corrode and remove

the metal from: Ăn mòn

ebonite n hard black rubber compound especially one

containing no filler: nhựa ebonit

eccentric 1 a amounted off-centre:

Lệch tâm, sai tâm

2 n part transmitting an eccentric

drive, such as a disc with a

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provision for a drive from its outer

part, or an eccentric shaft: Sự lệch

tâm

 eccentric drive = drive from a

point not on the axis of the driving

shaft, e.g from the outer part of a

disc, so that a reciprocating or up

and down motion is transmitted;

used in pumps or for a camshaft

drive: Sự truyền động lệch tâm

 eccentric rotor pump = rotor

-type pump: Bơm quay lệch tâm

 eccentric shaft = shaft

transmitting an eccentric motion:

Trục truyền lệch tâm

ECE test cycle n 13 minute,

three-part test of automotive emission

for compliance with emission

standards, adopted by most

European countries, simulating

urban driving conditions, i.e

involving relatively long idling

periods and speed below 35 mph,

emission characteristics at cruising

speed not being considered: chu

trình kiểm tra khí thải châu Âu

echelon parking n parking with the

nose of the car lose to the kern and

at an angle to it: Sự đậu xe theo

hình bậc thang

ECI (short of) electrically controlled

injection: Hệ thống phun nhiên

liệu điều khiển bằng điện

CONTROL MODULE: Bộ điều

khiển điện tử

ecological damage n damage to the

environment, usually in the from of

pollution, such as that caused by

vehicle emissions: Sự phá hủy

môi trường sinh thái (khí thải)

 ecological harmful a damage

in to the environment: Có hại đến môi trường sinh thái

economical n using only a small

amount of fuel: tiết kiệm nhiên liệu

 most cars are more economical on long runs = most

cars give better mileage per gallon

when driven long distances: Đa số

xe hơi ít hao xăng khi chạy đường trường

 economizer n device for making a vehicle use less fuel, either by regulating the flow of fuel, or by admitting extra air to the air/fuel mixture (especially

when cruising): Bộ phận tiết kiệm xăng

 economy n (especially low) consumption of fuel, usually

measured in miles per gallon: Tính kinh tế nhiên liệu (tính bằng miles/gallon)

 turned for economy = turned to

use less fuel: chỉnh để bớt hao xăng

 good/ bad fuel economy = low/

high fuel consumption: Tính kinh tế nhiên liệu cao (hay thấp)

ECONOMIZER

 economy jet = addition jet in a carburetor admitting extra air to the air/fuel mixture (especially

when cruising): Gíc lơ phụ

ECS (short for) electrically controlled

suspension: Hệ thống treo điều khiển bằng điện

ECT (short for) 1 engine coolant

temperature: Nhiệt độ nước làm

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mát động cơ 2 = electronic

controlled transmission: hộp số tự

động điều khiển bằng điện tử

ECU = ELECTRONIC CONTROL

UNIT: Bộ điều khiển điện tử,

ECU, hộp đen

edge binding n tape for binding the

edges of carpets: Cạnh viền

(thảm)

 edge protection n protection

of edges against corrosion, e.g by

weather strips: Chống ăn mòn

cho các gờ, mối nối

Edwardian car n (gb) car built

between 1905 and 1918: Loại xe

từ 1905 – 1918

EEC = electronic engine control:

Điều khiển động cơ bằng điện tử

EFE system n = early fuel

evaporation system: Hệ thống

bốc hơi nhiên liệu sớm

effective a (a) actual rather than

theoretical or potential: Có hiệu

quả, hiệu dụng

 effective deflection =

deflection of a suspension

system under a particular load:

Độ võng của hệ thống treo

khi có tải

 effective stroke = working or

power stroke in a two- stroke

engine: Thì sinh công

efficiency n performance of a

mechanical device or system,

especially with regard to the

amount of energy used: Hiệu suất

braking efficiency = braking effort as

a percentage of the weight of the

vehicle: Hiệu suất phanh

EFI or EFi = electronic fuel injection: Hệ thống phun xăng điện tử

RECIRCULATION: Sự luân hồi khí thải

EGR valve = part of an EGR system

mounted on or near the inlet manifold and controlled by inlet manifold vacuum, which is usually closed at idle and low speeds, but opens during acceleration, admitting exhaust gas to the inlet

manifold: Van hồi lưu khí thải

eight n eighth-cylinder engine, or a

car fitted with one, the cylinder may be in-line (a straight eight ) or

in a v-layout (a v-8): Động cơ 8 xylanh

EIN = engine identification number: số sơri động cơ (số máy)

eject v to put or throw out: Ném ra,

đẩy ra, đưa ra eject button = button on a cassette player for taking out the cassette:

Nút lấy băng cassete ra

elasticity n ability to recover original

size and shape when deforming, especially stretching, forces are

released: Tính đàn hồi, tính co giãn

elastomer n elastic macromolecular

material that at room temperature returns rapidly approximately its initial dimensions and shape after substantial deformation by awake

stress and release of the stress: Chất đàn hồi

elbow n bend in a pipe: Khuỷu, chỗ

gấp khúc trên ống

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electric a operated by or derived

from electricity: Bằng điện, có

điện

electric air control valve = EAC

valve

electric air switching valve = EAS

valve

electrical a relating to electricity:

Thuộc về điện

electrical conductivity = ability of a

material to conduct electricity:

Tính dẫn điện

(NOTE: opposite is resistivity )

electrical screwdriver = usually

small screwdriver for use when

working on the electrical system,

with a thin blade and an insulated

handle, also sometimes an

insulated shank: Vít thử điện

electrical system = combination of all

wiring circuits and electrical units

and equipment on a vehicle, with

the exception of those in the

ignition system: Hệ thống điện

electric car n car whose motive

power is provided by an electric

motor, with the advantages of

silence and lack of pollution, and

the disadvantages of the weight of

the batteries and the need for

recharging after a relatively short

distance: Xe điện

electric charge n defined quantity of

electricity, which may be positive,

as with protons, or negative, as

with electrons: Điện tích

electric current n flow of electricity

passing through a conductor: Dòng

điện

electric fuel pump n electrically

power petrol or diesel pump,

drawing fuel from the bank and delivering it to the carburetor or

fuel injection system: Bơm nhiên liệu bằng điện

electric grid n = electrical system:

Hệ thống điện

electric mirror = external, usually

door mirror which can be adjust

from inside the car: Gương chiếu hậu chỉnh điện

electric motor n machine which

changes electrical energy into

usually rotational motion: Motơ điện

electric top n us = power hood: Mui

(nắp capô) điều khiển bằng điện

electric windows n windows which

are raised and lowered by electric motors, and operated by switches

on the centre console or on the

door: Hệ thống kính cửa điều

khiển bằng điện

(NOTE: us english is power windows)

electromechanical corrosion n

corrosion involving at least one

electrode reaction: Sự ăn mòn cơ điện

electro coating n = electrophoretic painting: Sơn điện

electrode n conductor which leads

current into a gas, liquid or vacuum, such as those in a sparking plug between which the

spark passes to ignite the mixture: Điện cực

electrode adjusting tool = tool used

to bend side electrodes on sparking plugs for gap adjustment, usually combined with gauges for

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checking the gap: Dụng cụ điều

chỉnh khe hở bougie

electrode gap = sparking plug gap:

Khe hở bougie

electrode position n generic term

for electrolytic processes which a

metal is deposited at the cathode

from a solution of its ions, such as

electroplating, or in which paint is

deposited in an immersion process

by mean of electric current: Sự

phủ lớp bằng điện (sơn)

electrogalvanizing n coating of

metal, especially iron or steel, with

zinc by electroplating: Mạ điện

electrolysis n method by which

chemical reactions are carried out

by passage of electric current

through a solution of an electrolyte

or through a molten salt, e.g in a

starter battery: Phương pháp điện

phân

electrolyte n substance which can

dissolve to yield a solution, or a

solution itself able to conduct

electric current, especially in an

electric cell or battery: Chất điện

phân

electrolyte level = amount of

electrolyte in a car battery, which

must cover the top of the plates:

Mức chất điện phân (ắc quy)

electrolyte tester = device for

checking electrolyte density in a

battery, and hence its state of

charge: Phù kế

electrolytic a relating to electrolysis

or an electrolyte: Điện phân

electrolytic cell = cell consisting of

electrodes immersed in an

electrolyte solution for carrying out

electrolysis: Hộc, ngăn bình (địên phân)

electrolytic-corrosion = electro-

chemical corrosion causing the

electrolytic removal of metal: Sự

ăn mòn điện hóa

electrolytic deposition =

electroplating: Kỹ thuật mạ điện electrolytic galvanizing = electrogalvanizing: Mạ điện

electrolytic protection = cathodic protection: Sự bảo vệ catốt

electromagnetic clutch n any clutch

in with magnetic force is used to hold the drive in engagement, such

as that in the compressor drive of

an air-conditioning system: Ly hợp điện từ (điều hòa)

electromotive force (EMF) n source

of electrical energy required to produce an electric current, produced by devices such as batteries or generators and

measured in volts: Sức điện động electron n negatively charged

constituent of an atom: Điện tử (electron)

electron flow = current produced by

the motion of free electrons towards a positive terminal, whose direction is the opposite to that of

the current: Dòng hạt điện tử

electronic a featuring semiconductors

(usually transistors) as an

operating medium: Điện tử

electronically controlled a controlled

by electronic means: Được điều khiển bằng điện tử

electronic cluster n display showing

various functions, including speedometer, tachometer, gauges,

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etc using LEDs or LCD

technology displaying symbols and

bar instead of numbers: Tableau

điện tử (hiện số)

(NOTE: opposite is analogue

cluster)

electronic control unit (ECU) n

microprocessor and memory with

electronic maps, forming the

central part of an engine

management system or of

subsystems such as a fuel injection

or ignition system: Cụm điều

khiển điện tử, hộp ECU, hộp đen

(NOTE: also called electronic

(control ) module (ECM))

electronic engine control (EEC) n

engine management system which

control the ignition system and

various other systems, including

the exhaust gas recirculation and

air –injection systems: Điều

khiển động cơ bằng điện tử

electronic fuel injection (EFI or EFi)

n system that injects fuel into the

engine and includes an electronic

control unit to time and meter the

flow: Hệ thống phun nhiên liệu

bằng điện tử

electronic ignition system n term

used to designate breakerless

transistorized ignitions,

transistorized ignitions with

electronic spark timing, and

sometimes mapped ignition

systems: Hệ thống đánh lửa điện

tử

electronic navigator n.= trip

computer: Máy tính hành trình

(báo tiêu hao nhiên liệu, lượng

xăng còn, số km đã đi…)

electronic ride control n suspension

control system comprising microprocessor controlled, electronically adjustable air shock absorbers for automatic selection

of the optimum damping characteristics depending on and

road surface and load conditions: Hệ thống giảm chấn tự động

electronic spark advance (ESA) n

the part of an ECU that controls

ignition timing and dwell angle: Điều khiển góc đánh lửa và góc ngậm bằng điện tử

electronic spark control (ESC) or

electronic spark timing (EST) n

ignition timing by means of an ignition map, either integrated into mapped ignition systems or available as a separate module to enhance transistorized ignition

systems: Điều khiển đánh lửa sớm bằng điện tử

electronic traction control (ETC) n

system for reducing wheel spin,

incorporating wheel sensors: Điều khiển lực kéo (chống trượt) bằng điện tử

electronic transmission control n

system or module for controlling

automatic transmission: Hộp số tự động điều khiển bằng điện tử

electropainting n = electrophoretic

painting: Sơn điện

electrophoretic painting n process

used to apply the first coat of paint

(primer) to car body: Sơn điện

(cho lớp sơn đầu tiên)

electrophoretic primer = paint used

to prime car body by the

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electrophoretic process: Lớp sơn

đầu tiên trên thân xe

electro picker n electrical door lock

picker (available to key services

and the police only): Đồ nạy khóa

cửa điện (khi mất khóa)

electroplate v to plate (metal ) by

electrodeposition: Mạ điện

electroplating n electrodeposition of

metals or alloys from suitable

electrolyte solutions, the articles to

be plated being connected to the

cathode in an electrolyte solution,

and direct current introduced

through the anode of the metal to

be deposited: Kỹ thuật mạ điện

electrostatic painting or spraying n

painting method using the particle

attracting properly of electrostatic

charges, in which a direct current

of approx 100,000 volts is applies

to a grid of wires through which

the paint is sprayed to charge

each particle, and the metals

objects to be sprayed are

connected to the opposite terminal

of the high-voltage circuit, so as to

attract the paint particles: Sơn tĩnh

điện

electrostatic powder coating (EPC)

= painting process in which the

outer parts of the body shell are

coated with a powder dispersion by

means of cathodic immersion, and

in which the cavities are coated

with cathodic electropaint: Lớp

sơn tĩnh điện

electrovalve n = solenoid valve: Van

điện

element n assembly of all positive

and negative plates of a single

battery cell including its separators, arranged so as to start and finish with a negative plate (so that there are always negative then positive plates ), because the positive plates tend to distort under

discharge: Aéc quy đơn

ellipsoidal headlight n headlight

with a reflector which is wider than

it is high, and not circular, has

replaced the parabolic reflector: Đèn đầu dạng ellipsoid

embrittlement n reduced toughness

in plastic or metal caused by age,

heat or rough use: Sự giòn cuả nhựa hoặc kim loại trong vận hành

emergency n sudden, unexpected

occurrence, such as a breakdown

or the failure of some part, which may be dangerous and demands

immediate action: Tình trạng khẩn cấp (do hư hỏng)

emergency brake = secondary braking system which comes to operation when the main braking

system fails: Phanh phụ

emergency inflator = aerosol can

which inflates a punctured tyre and injects sealing compound to provide at least a temporary

repair: Bình xịt vá vỏ tạm thời emergency transmitter = transmitter

no large than a car radio, fitted inside the vehicle which enables drivers to radio for help from the

security of their own cars: Máy phát tín hiệu báo trộm

emergency windscreen = sheet of

clear plastic fitted in place of

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broken windscreen: Tấm dán

kính vỡ

emery cloth n cloth coated in emery

crystals for use as an abrasive on

metals: Vải nhám

EMF = electromotive force

emission n passing toxic substances

into the atmosphere: Phát xạ ô

nhiễm từ khí xả

emissions = gases and other pollutants

coming from the vehicle with an

internal combustion engine: Sự

thải ra chất ô nhiễm từ xe

emission control n (a) reduction of all

types of emission from motor

vehicles: Kiểm soát khí thải

(b) emission control (system ) =

any system, device or modification

added onto or designed into a

motor vehicle for the purpose of

reducing air-polluting emissions,

such as catalytic converter: Hệ

thống kiểm soat khí xả

emission levels n amount of toxic

substances passed into the

atmosphere by motor vehicles:

Lượng khí độc vào không khí

emission standards n specified

maximum emission levels

permitted from different classes of

motor vehicle in different

countries: Tiêu chuẩn khí thải

the stringent US emission standards

= the low emission levels

permitted in the United States,

especially in California: Tiêu

chuẩn khí thải nghiêm khắc của

Mỹ

EMS = emission management system:

Hệ thống kiểm soát khí thải

emulsion n mixture of two liquids

which do not fully mix, such as oil and water, or specifically petrol

and air in a carburetor: Nhũ tương (nước vào nhớt, không khí và xăng)

emulsion tube = part of a fixed jet

carburetor, in which air is introduced into the mixture through holes to help atomize it and correct excessive richness at higher

engine speeds: Ống nhũ hóa (chế hoà khí) (nơi không khí đi qua lỗ trộn)

enamel n high-gloss paint that is

slower drying and therefore easier

to apply than cellulose, and will cause cellulose applied over it to

lift: Sơn bóng trên gỗ

end cap n cap covering the end of a

piece of trim or of a fuse: Đầu chụp (cầu chì loại cũ)

end cover (plate ) n cover containing

a bearing at either end of a

dynamo or alternator: Tấm chắn ổ

bi trong máy phát

end cutters or end cutting pliers n

small pincers with sharp jaws for

cutting and stripping wires, etc.: Kìm cắt và tuốt dây

end float n = end play endoscope n instrument used to see

into the interior of hollow cavities

such as box sections: Đèn nội soi

end play n bearing clearance in an

axial direction: Khe hở dọc bạc lót

check the big end bearing for end play = check if there is any

sideways movement in the big

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end: Kiểm tra khe hở dọc bạc lót

đầu to thanh truyền

endurance test n test of a material or

system over a long period: Thử độ

bền

energize v to activate (a solenoid,

relay, etc.) by providing sufficient

energy: Bắt đầu làm việc nhờ cấp

năng lượng

energy n capacity for doing work,

measured in joules or in the case

of electrical energy, in kilo-watt

hours: Năng lượng

energy absorbing a able to absorb

force of impact: Hấp thu năng

lượng

energy absorbing steering column =

safety design of steering column

which telescopes on impact: Trụ

tay lái hấp thu năng lượng khi

đụng xe (xếp lại)

energy conversion n changing of one

form of energy into another or into

work, such as that in the

combustion process, the heat of

which is used toturn the engine and

thus create motion: Sự chuyển hóa

năng lượng

engage v (a) to come into contact and

be locked together (with another

part): Làm ăn khớp

the clutch engages smoothly = the

driving and driven plates of the

clutch come together and take up

the drive without judder: Ly hợp

ăn khớp một cách êm ái

(b) to bring ( a part) into contact

with another so that it is locked to

it: Gài khớp

to engage a lower gear = to select a

lower ratio by moving the gear

lever: Gài số thấp hơn

engagement n bringing into locking

contact (e.g of the clutch ), or

selection of a gear: Sự ăn khớp engine n energy-converting propelling unit of a motor vehicle, usually internal combustion engine

of the reciprocating-piston type, either with spark ignition (petrol engines) or compression ignition

(diesel engines): Động cơ

engine analyzer n electronic

engine-test-device, formerly free-standing

in a cabinet, and now often hand-held and connected to the vehicle

‘s diagnostic socket (as in the case

of the diagnostic read-out box ), which provides data on all aspect

of the engine’s state of tune: Máy phân tích (chẩn đoán) động cơ

engine bay n = engine compartment:

Ngăn, khoang động cơ

engine block n cylinder block with

integral crankcase: Khối động cơ, khối xylanh

engine block heater = cylinder block heater: Bộ phận nung khối xylanh (khởi động lạnh)

engine brake or braking effect n

retarding effect of an engine when the vehicle is in gear with the throttle closed, i.e on the overrun, which is increased by changing to

a lower gear: Hiện tượng động cơ chạy chậm lại khi còn số mà bướm ga đóng (phanh động cơ)

engine capacity n swept volume of

an engine: Dung tích động cơ

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engine compartment n area into

which the engine is fitted: Khoang

động cơ

engine coolant n liquid used in the

engine’s cooling system: Nước

làm mát động cơ

engine cover n panel of metal or

plastic covering the engine of a

rear-engine car: Nắp chụp động

cơ (đặt sau)

(NOTE: the terms bonnet in British

usage and hood in American usage

are only used for the cover a

front-mounted engine )

engine damage n breakage,

deformation or scoring of the

internal parts of an engine: Sự hư

hỏng các chi tiết bên trong động

cơ

overrevving may cause engine

damage = running the engine too

fast may result in, for example,

seizure, a burnt piston or a dropped

valve: Chạy vượt tốc có thể gây

hư động cơ

engine depression n low pressure on

the engine side of the throttle

cause by piston suction in the inlet

manifold: Sức hút động cơ (áp

thấp)

engine diagnostic connected n

electrical connecter for plugging in

the engine analyzer, forming an

interface between the engine

electronic controls and diagnostic

unit, and used to read the engine

data as well as any fault codes

store in the memory of the engine

controller: Giắc nối chẩn đoán

động cơ

engine hoist n small crane for lifting

an engine out of a motor vehicle, formerly incorporating a block and tackle, but now usually

hydraulically operated: Cần trục nhỏ nâng động cơ

engine (identification) number (EIN)

n number stamped on the engine

and usually also on the vehicle identification plate, which should

be quoted when ordering parts: Số máy

engine knock n engine operating

condition, accompanied by audible noise, that occurs when fuel in the cylinders is ignition too early and/or spontaneously, resulting in colliding flame fronts and shock waves which cause high thermal and mechanical stress, and can

severely damage the engine: Sự roóc máy (kích nổ)

engine layout n (a) type of engine,

with reference to the arrangement

of its cylinders and their number (as in a flat four, v-twin or straight

eight): Cách phân loại động cơ (b) positioning of the engine in the

vehicle (as in front, mid-or rear engine, a transverse or in-line

engine): Vị trí đặt động cơ

engine management system (EMS)

n electronic engine control system

which covers at least the functioning of the fuel injection and ignition, but may also include emission controls and

self-diagnostics: Hệ thống điều khiển động cơ