Một số vấn đề cơ bản về hệ sinh thái đầm phá tam giang cầu hai tuyển tập tài nguyên và môi trường biển, tập 3, tr 206 219 (2)

T ii.i n g u y e n 10 T v ii M i t r u i r n g b ie n lie u ve baa m oi N guyen tv C hu III -ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA 1996 T ( ip hoa phan H i, dao Q uang Pham dai s6 ket yen qua bo ung Phan dung tu lie u v ie n H a i duong tia « D u e T h a n h , N f? u y e n H u u v ie n th a rn hoc N guyen Le tro n g ta i H a i C hu tru e v a b ie n dang bai b ie n duong D in li cu T ran tr a « Due T h q n h , T r f in D ln h N guyen Due C u , D in li V a ll Pham Hudn, Lan, ph6ng v a ta c to a n dong h e th o n g hoc trie u tro n g Ldn , Q uang Tudn H Phong tu a « , V :y , N g u y e n ru Phuong Hoa, T h i K im A n li d o g io , d o n g lu u nho va nhung vung nuoc song nuoc yen be) b ie n 115 Pham 14 Phan vung nuoc tro i s in h bang th a i b ie n phuong N in h phap T h u a n -B in h th a n h T huan phan V a ll H u t in tro n g 15 D ac d ie rn tra m ric h phan bai b6 trie u to n g ham cua v u rig lu u lu o n g song B ach 122 huynh s u lfu a V e in d ie m th u y h6a vung b ie n q u a rt D ang 128 dao Co tro n g d a u tro n g th o i g ia n nuoc th a n g b ie n yen b c m ie n T ru n g duong tro n g tra m tic h dam pha qua duong tin h cua ro a n th u c nang suat v ~ lt n o i trn n g so cap h~ dam va N am 147 T am V an Luong G ia n g -C a u m o t s h ie u pha Do 338 142 o te u /1 9 -0 /1 9 N guyen 19 K et C~ N in h ) Van V ie t Pham D in h Due T o (O w in g Luu 17 N ong sat tro n g N guyen 16 D ac rn u a c h in h La 18 103 ca tta u N guyen Q uang hoan c a c v in h L tin , V (IIZ D in li Son, N guyen 13 M o 93 V an H uy, N guyen V a ll Pham Do 14, cuu Phong N guyen C tiu T ie u Nhu n g h ie n H i, C u, N guyen D ue WVUTSRQPON tia « D u e T h a n h , T rung, T r a n D in lt L d n , N guyen A n, 11 M ot L o n g GFEDCBA Vy B ach am qua G ia n g -C a u T r Q llg eu«, H 154 DUe Cu d in h H D O ( ln 163 eo T iii n g u y e n v ii M i tr u b n g b iln a r e a o f ~ is tr ib u tio n is la n d is p r e d o m in a n t a n d m a in ly fr o m in d ic a te s th a t th e m e c h a n ic a l T ( I I I - srqponmlkjihgfedc 1996 w e a th e r in g p r o c e s s o v e r th e o th e r a n d u n d e r g r o u n d - a te r o n th e s o u r c e is n o t m u c h th e r a in KJIHGFEDCBA * * * VE TAl LltU'1\l{)1 BAo TV PHAN HOA DAO B~CH LONG v Y N g u y ln C h u /O i, P h a m Q uang T r iin D t i c T h a n h , N g u y l n T rung", Q uocA n*, T r iin D in h L tin , L € N h tr T ie u CBA * Dao Bach Long Vy co ten goi la Hoa Mi (Nightingale), narn giua vinh Bac B¢, co toa d¢ dja ly 20°07'35"-20°08'38" v a 107°44'15", each Hai Phong 136 km ve phia dong nam Dao ndi rong 2,5km , neu tinh ca them da ngap trieu, dao rong 3,7km Dao la mot qua dOi, ndi len tren vung dong bang ngarn c6 do, sau 30m, d¢ cao tuyet d6i Ion nhat cua dao ,S m Bach Long Vy la dao D~ Tam nhat tren vung bien Viet Nam Tren dao ndi, da goc l¢ khong lien h;IC bi phu duoi lop vo phong h6a, cac tich tu nguon gdc phong va cac tram tich bien thuoc cac loai them cao 10-15m, 4-6m, 2-3m tudi Pleixtoxen muon va Holoxen Da goc l¢ rong khap tren vung them trieu rong 1,2km suon ngarn dao, da gee duoc quan sat thdy l¢ lien tuc den khoang d¢ sau 10m va 1¢ den d¢ sau 23m, be mat hi phu boi lop mong cuoi cat bo roi Rieng b phan suon ngam phia dong v a dong b~c dao, da g6c l¢ hoan toan tren dien rong hon 4km2 N6i chung cau tao phan lop va the narn da khong co gi khac biet voi phan dao ndi va phan them trieu, tuc la duong phuong chu dao dong bac - tay nam, g6c huong doc 310-320°, g6c doc 5-20°, Do xa dat lien va khong c6 dieu kien khao sat, truce day Saurin E cho rang Bach Long Vy cau tao tu da voi Cacbon gi6ng nhu vjnh H~ Long b gan d6 Mai sau nay, ong cung Fontaine, rnoi c6 dip khao sat va phat hien thay • v le n D a u k h i, Ha NOi 89 va Ta! nguyen T ( ip III - 9 srqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCB M O i tr tr ir n g M I n mot dang mat cat chua duoc biet den va tarn xep tuoi tram tich Bach Long 1/500.000 Vy van Neogen [6] Trang KJIHGFEDCBA c o n g trinh ve I~p ban dia chat Mien Bac Viet Nam, Dovjicov va dong nghiep cung dfl xep tram tich dao Bach Long Vy van Neogen [2] Sau Tran Van Tri va dong nghiep dfl co dip khao sat kha chi tiet dja chat dao Bach Long Vy [9] Theo cac tac gia nay, be day tram tich Neogen dao quan sat dUQC day 230m, ket, bot ket dang nhip, tv hoa thach chu yeu cat phu cac thuc v~t va di tich bao tit pha: hoa d(lC trung cho mot truong dan tv dieu kien dam Jay can nhiet dia chuyen Cac hoa thach tho phan thap den phan cao deu g~p phong phan la n t e n o is i, thuc v:}t tieu sp Fagus bieu moi truong chau gom co: Q u e r c u s b o n n ie r i, Q ,c f ddi sang sp L its e a C a s ta n o p s is luc m a g n ific a , P ersea in d ic a , CBA L C in n a m o m u m c ] , p o lim o r p h u m , C{lC di tich v v ban tv phan hoa S e lla g in e lla c ] , r e tr ig e r a , L ig o d iu m M e ta s e q u o i sp., P a lm a e , sp., C o m u s P o ly d a n a Dua theo c] t ie u b ieu gbrn co: sp., P in u s 'sp., A lic s o r ie n ta lis , A ln u s sp., P h r a g m ite s P o ta m o g e to n a u s tr a lis , Q uercus C a s ta n e a di tich thuc vat, bao tv phan sp., Sphagnum sp., T a x o d ir e n i illf~ c l( ) r ia , sp., S p o tu c e a e V.v hoa va phan cac tac gia dfl I:}p h~ tang Bach Long gorn hai phan, bv) duoi Mioxen tren (Ny bv) va phan phan ( ) : ! lin g e lls is sp., sp., N yssa thach hoc, Vy (Ny=~ bv) H~ tang tren Plioxen d u o i (N ! Thuc de t a i dip bo quan Jy "Dieu tra danh g i a dieu k i e n tv n h i e n vung bien quanh dao Bach Long VY';jdo Phan vien Hai Duong h ie n va tai nguyen H9c tai Hai Phong 10/1995 hanh duoi Ngoai vung bien chu tri, mot dot khao sat dci duoc tien hanh van thang C{lC noi dung day bien quanh voi thlet khac, khan sat dia chat ngarn dci dUQC tien dao, den d(l sau 23m Khao sat dia chat ngarn Ja.n dau tien duoc thuc hien khu dao Bach Long Vy nam giua vinh Bac Bo va dci thu duoc ket qua thu vi MOt phan nhung ket qua hoa va turii da gee tram Trang chuyen bi l~n (diving SCUBA) la viec phat hien tu lieu moi ve bao tv tich d suon ngarn dao so cac mau da goc thu day bien bang bua dja chat va dao garn dung, hai mau BLV II lay d dQ sau 5m (so voi muc nuoc thap nhat) d phia dong nam dao va BLV III cung sau 5m phia tay bac dao dUl.1Ctien hanh phan tich b a o tv phan tai phong C o sinh, Vien Dau Ha Noi Hai II co chua mau naydeu nhieu la set - bot ket mau xarn den phot vay mica Ket qua phan mot t~p hop bao tv phan 90 hoa kha phong luc Mau tich buck dau dft phat phu gom: BLV hien duoc • T iii n g u y e n C o r s in ip o lL e n ite s pachyderm us G o th a n ip o - llis V e r r u c a r to s p o r ite s u s m e n s is A ln ip o lle n ite s lie n ite s n a n h a ie n s is T r ic o lp ite s P e r c ic a r io ip o lle n ite s Oligoxen BQ) Phan Beibu lo n g ic o lp u s L iq u id a m b u r p o llc n iic s m in u tu s , la nhung b a s s e n s is , dang nhu {j Viet Nam va Trung Trung Trong hai mau ve so IUQng, chiern rat quan cua Nam A [5], Trung tram tich (Ao ham Loi Quynh, tudi pharr bo tir Eoxen co tudi vjnh Bac tdi Oligoxen da ngam nay, phan P in u s p o lle n ite s gap rat phong KJIHGFEDCBA phu toi 60 - 70% phan phuc he, day la mot tieu chuan cac tram tich Oligoxen nhieu noi thuoc khu vue Dong Ouoc [11], cOng nhu d Bac Viet Nam cac phdn u s m e n s is , n a n h a ie n s is , T s u g a p o lle n ite s chi gap Oudc) [1] Bao T v V e r r u c a r to s p o r ite s C r a s s o r e titr ile te s pachydcrm us, V e r r u s tr ic o lp o r ite s Quoc co khoang C o r s in ip o lle n u e s (bien - srqponmlkjihgfedc /996 T s u g a p o lle n ite s C r a s s o r e titr ile te s G o th a n ip o llis T ( lp /1 / b a s s e n s is R e titr ic o lp ite s Phan b ie n m h o r p o lle n it e s m in u tu s V e r r u s tr ic o lp o r ite s P in u s p {j L iq u id a v ii M i tr u ir n g T r ic o lp ite s co khoang tudi A ln ip o lle n ite s , P e r o ic a r io ip o lle n ite s lo n g ic o lp u s , b6 d a i b ie u rat dien hinh, d~c trung va thuong thay tram tich Oligoxen • Nam A , Trung Ouoc va cac gieng khoan sau c:1 them luc dia Viet d Dong Nam tudi tram Oligoxen tich va phan phan phan sunn day, xam tan d ia duoi T n tich Palynofacies ngarn Van· nhung tich so bO bao ta phan th a y T ri d:1 xac bien cua duoi tich so b o dia hoa elm cho IH, thuoc Karogen kieu II T ru c e ro n g va hoa d:1 cho phep d in h tuong dinh Sapropel Bach Long Vi dao Ket cho qU~1p h a n hai rndu tot ve TOe, rat tot ve S2 va dong h ie n n g h ie p [9 ] d a phat Asphalt cac hong va khe nut cua cat ket - bot ket, voi cO hat tu 2mm den - 6mm va co ham IUQng tang dun xu6ng p h a n thap c u a tang Asphalt d u o c coi la sari pharn thu sinh (oxi hoa) cua dau.khl sau long dat dua len Nhin mat thuong, n6 co mau nhe don, hoa tan hoan toan dung dich Cloroforrn vang tuoi duoi anh sang tim Asphalt la va nhung Nhu vay ket qua phan R e titr ic o lp ite s , khu Sapropel vue dao cho tram Bach Long nau, anh cot tir nhua, va phat quang mau duoc coi la dtlu hieu gian tiep ve dau Vi Ket qua dinh tudi Oligoxen tich phan suon ~gam dao giup therntu va tuong lieu cho cue nha kien tao, dja v~t Iy va dia chat dau Dac biet, ket qua cho phep hy 91 T a i n g u y in v a M o i t r u im g b ie n T ( ip /1 / - srqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCB /996 v~mg'l~c quan ve trien vong dau them luc dia vinh Bac KJIHGFEDCBA Bo, Tuy nhien, day rnoi chi la ket qua so bo, can duoc khao sat, nghien cuu tiep tuc, dac biet phat huy uu the cua khao sat dia chat day bien trang bi ~hi tai diving SCUBA TAl LIEU THAM KHAO Bare - de Cruz, 1982 Palynological zonation and Palaeogeographical Beibu borewell, China sea evolution of the site Dovjicov, A va nnk, 1965 Dia chat mien Bac Viet Nam Tong C\lC Dia chat Ha n o i, Germeraad, J 11 et al 1968 Palynology of Tertiary sediments International Petrollum Maatchappij, from tropical areas Bataafse the Hague (the Netherlands) 4~ Morley, R J 1991.' , Tertiary stratigraphic palynology in Southeast new direction Geol Soc Malaysia, Bulletin Asia: current status and Muller, J 1966 Montane pollen from the Tertiary of NW Borneo Blumea - vol.XIY, No Saurin, E 1956 Lile Bach Long Vi (golfe du Tonkin) 'Bull Soc de France Ser 6, t 6, fase, ' Shong Zhi Chen et al 1985 A research on Cenozoic Palynology of the Longjing Structural Area in the shelf basin of the East China sea (Donghai) region Anhui science and technology publishing house South Sea branch of Petroleum Corporation of the People Republic of China, 1981 Tertiary paleontology of North continetal shelf of South China sea Ouangdong science and technology press 23 March, 1,980 Trltn Van Tr] va nnk, 1977 Dia chat dao Bach Long Vi Dia chat so 132 Ha NQi 10 Zaklinckai, E D., 1963 Phan hat kin va y , nghia cua no doi voi dja tang Creta Paleogen Moskova (Tieng Nga) 92 thuong va T a i n g u y e n v a M { J i tr u im g h i/n - srqponmlkjihgfedcb 1996 T ( ip I I I 11 Zhyang Yi - Yong, 1995 Outline of Palaeogene palynofloras of China Nanjing Institute Geology and Paleontology Academia Sinica, Nanjing 210008 of SUMMARY NEW PALYNOLOGICAL DATA IN BACH LONG VI ISLAND Nguyen Chu Hoi, Pham Quang Trung, Tran Due Thanh, Nguyen Quoe An Tran Dinh Lan, Le Nhu Tieu CBA M a n y y e a r s a g o , a g e o lo g ic a l s u r v e y w a s c a r r ie d o u t o n th e e m e r g e d p a r t o f th e B a c h 21bv) w as Long d e te r m in e d s u b m a r in e g e o lo g ic a l s e a flo o r around O c e a n o lo g y s e d im e n ta r y in d ic a te s V i I s la n d The fo r th e s e d im e n ta r y th is is la n d s a m p le s th e O lig o c e n e b y s c ie n tis ts a n a ly s is P lio c e n e bedrocks, a g e (N 12 - R e c e n tly , th e s u r v e y w ith d iv in g S C U B A in itia l bedrock a n d th e la te M io c e n e - e a r ly h a s b e e n p r a c tic e d o f th e H a i o f P a ly n o lo g y Phong fir s t o n th e KJIHGFEDC I n s titu te a n d P a ly n o fa c ie s fo r of som e e x p o s e d o n th e u n d e r w a te r s lo p e o f th e is la n d a g e a n d S a p r o p e l fa c ie fo r th e m * * MOT o * SO KET QUA V N G DVNG TlJ LI~U vlf:N THAM TRONG NGHI~N CVU DAI VEN BO PHAN VltN HAl DlJONG HOC T~I HAl PHONG T r lin D u - c T h ( ln h , N g u y ln cs« H O i, V a n H u y , N g u y ln H tr u Cu, D ln b N g u y ln D u -c ) ', T r lin D in " 'L a n , N g u y ln I Q uang T u lin MO DAU Trang nhung narn qua, cac tu lieu anh ve tinh cua Phap (Spot), My (Landsat) va cua Nga (Chao mung) da d u o c su dung kha r o n g rai mot so linh vue nghien cuu dai yen bo tai Phan vien Hai duong h9C tai Hai 93 ... ngap trieu, dao rong 3,7 km Dao la mot qua dOi, ndi len tren vung dong bang ngarn c6 do, sau 30m, d¢ cao tuyet d6i Ion nhat cua dao ,S m Bach Long Vy la dao D~ Tam nhat tren vung bien Viet Nam Tren... tu s , la nhung b a s s e n s is , dang nhu {j Viet Nam va Trung Trung Trong hai mau ve so IUQng, chiern rat quan cua Nam A [5], Trung tram tich (Ao ham Loi Quynh, tudi pharr bo tir Eoxen co tudi... srqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCB M O i tr tr ir n g M I n mot dang mat cat chua duoc biet den va tarn xep tuoi tram tich Bach Long 1/500.000 Vy van Neogen [6] Trang KJIHGFEDCBA c o n g trinh ve I~p ban dia chat