CHUYÊN ĐỀ USED TO (đã từng, thường hay) A THE PAST SIMPLE (Thì khứ đơn) Affirmative Negative Question : Subject + used to + verb (bare inf.) : Subject + did not/didn’t + use to + verb (bare inf.) : Did + subject + use to + verb (bare inf.) _? Used to dùng để diễn đạt: - Sự việc thường xuyên xảy xảy suốt khoảng thời gian q khứ, khơng cịn xảy Ex: We used to play that game when we were young - Sự việc tồn có thật q khứ, khơng cịn Ex: We didn’t use to have computers Did this building use to be a hotel? Lưu ý: Không dùng used to để diễn đạt việc xảy thời điểm cụ thể, việc xảy lần xảy Dùng khứ đơn Ex: We lived in Boston for three years (We used to live ) I went to France seven times last year (I used to go ) Be/Get used to + verb-ing/(pro)noun: quen với /trở nên quen với EXERCISES I Rewrite the following sentences, using “used to”: We usually lit our houses with candles _ Sailors were usually guided by stars _ People usually cooked on wood fires _ It usually took me several days to go to London _ Books were usually written by hand _ People usually travelled on foot _ They usually made their own bread _ The old sailor usually drank lots of whisky _ Mr Smith usually smoked cigars _ 10 Bill usually worked very hard _ II Put in used to + infinitive or be/get used to +-ing form Use the verbs in brackets When I was a child I (dream) of being an astronaut I’m terribly nervous I (not/speak) to a large audience It took us ages to (live) in a block of flat Lots of trains (stop) here, but not many now Didn’t Nick (work) on a building site? I’ll have an orange juice, please I (not/drink) alcohol David doesn’t seem to mind being in hospital I suppose he (be) there When Laura was at college, she (have) a picture of Elvis Presley on her bedroom wall We (live) in a small village but now we live in London 10 I feel very full after that meal I (eat) so much 11 I (have) a car but I sold it a few months ago 12 There (be) a cinema here but it was knocked down a few years ago 13 In the old days we (not/have) electricity and things (be) different from the way they are now 14 After her husband died, the old woman had to (live) on her own 15 Most visitors to Britain (not/drive) on the left III Rewrite these sentences, using used to or a suitable tense of be (not) used to John still finds the cold weather difficult _ Did you go to church on Sundays when you were young? _ When Barbara was in Italy, she stayed with an Italian family _ It is Christs habit to drive to work every day _ Mr Michael grew tulips but he doesn’t any more _ I can t without fresh coffee I drink it every day _ My mother works in a modern office, but she finds it strange to use a computer _ Archie didn’t fight with Lulu in the past _ Frank lives alone He doesn’t mind this because he has lived alone for 15 years _ 10 I find it difficult to get up early _ PASSIVE FORMS (Dạng bị động) Verb Active: Subject Passive: Subject * Present Simple BĐ * Present progressive BĐ * Present perfect BĐ * Past simple Object be + p.p by + object S + V(s,es) + O => O + am/is/are + past participle (Ved/ Vc3) S + am/is/are + Ving + O => O + am/is/are + being + past participle(Ved/ Vc3) S + has/have + Ved/Vc3 + O => O + have/has + been + past participle (Ved/ Vc3) S + Ved/v2 + O => O + was/were + past participle(Ved/ Vc3) * Past progressive S + was/were + Ving + O => O + was/were + being + past participle(Ved/ Vc3) * Past perfect S + had + Ved/Vc3 + O => O + had + been + past participle(Ved/ Vc3) * Future simple S + Will + V + O => O + will + be + past participle(Ved/ Vc3) * Be going to S + am/is/are + going to + V + O => O + am/is/are + going to + be + past participle(Ved/ Vc3) * Modal verbs S + Modal verbs( can/could/may/might/must/haveto/shall/should… )+ V + O => O + Modal verbs( can/could/may/might/must/haveto/shall/should… ) be + Ved/Vc3 + Lưu ý: - Các chủ ngữ I, you, he, she, it, they, one, people, someone, somebody, nobody, no one câu chủ động thường bỏ, không dùng câu bị động Với chủ ngữ nobody no one, đổi động từ câu bị động sang thể phủ định Ex: Nobody saw him leaving the room => He wasn’t seen leaving the room - Trạng từ cách thức thường đứng sau be; trạng từ khác đứng trước be - Trạng từ cụm trạng từ nơi chốn thường đứng trước by; trạng từ cụm trạng từ thời gian thường đứng sau by EXERCISES I Change the following sentences into the Passive: People play football all over the world _ They have just told us about that _ My sister is writing that note in her notebook _ They keep those maps on the shelves for reference _ They gave my little sister a ticket _ They have invited all the members to the party _ They have put up banners and flags in the square _ The head teacher was making the announcement _ The tamer ordered the lion to lie on the floor _ 12 They have provided thousands of people with food _ 13 He sold his old car and bought a new one _ 14 He is writing another book about science _ 15 My students are doing exercise on page 40 right now _ 16 I often visit her twice a week _ 17 She told us an interesting story _ 18 We were driving a car when we saw the accident _ 19 You must make a decision as soon as possible _ 20 She doesn’t watch TV at night _ 21 Did they finish their work yesterday? _ 22 You must report the accident to the policeman _ 23 All students took the final examination _ 24 You ought to show home how to use this computer _ 25 Naturally, they speak English very well _ 26 They will rebuild the house next year _ 27 Where will your company send you next year? _ 28 Who looked after the children when you were away? _ 29 Has anyone ever asked you for your opinion? _ 30 You must keep dogs in the garden _ 31 We will issue the library cards soon _ 32 We shall have to tow the car to the garage _ 33 Passengers shouldn’t throw away their tickets _ 34 Candidates may not use dictionaries _ 35 A machine could this much more easily _ 36 His family will see him off at the airport _ 37 He’s a dangerous man They ought to lock him up _ 38 Today a large number of people speak English _ 39 Someone stole all her valuable jewelry last night _ 40 They are repairing my piano at the moment _ II Underline the correct word or phrase in each sentence I’m having my hair cutting/cut/to have cut tomorrow The children were took/taken/taking to the seaside for the day I was sending/sent/send here by the manager Kate is having her car services/servicing/serviced tomorrow Sue had her windows breaking/broken/broke by vandals David has been offer/offering/offered a new job in Brazil 7 Where exactly were you born/did you born/did you bear? I’ve just had my bike repaired/repair/repairing I was given/gave/did give this book by Emily 10 This cake makes/made/was made for her birthday Exercise Cho dạng từ ngoặc The war ……………………………… next week.(DECLARE) Your homework ……………………………… by tomorrow afternoon.(MUST FINISH) That house ……………………………… since I was a child (NOT PAINT) Smoking ……………………………… in this hotel (NOT ALLOW) After all the flights …………………………., the tourists checked in at the airport hotel (CANCEL) The car …………………… … for over a week (NOT WASH) He ……………………… a new contract last year (GIVE) 58 This song ……………………………… by the Beatles in 1967 (WRITE) The earth …………………………… if we try hard enough to something (CAN SAVE) 10 The new bridge ……………………………… at the moment (BUILD) ... you bear? I’ve just had my bike repaired/repair/repairing I was given/gave/did give this book by Emily 10 This cake makes/made/was made for her birthday Exercise Cho dạng từ ngoặc The war ………………………………... a new contract last year (GIVE) 58 This song ……………………………… by the Beatles in 1967 (WRITE) The earth …………………………… if we try hard enough to something (CAN SAVE) 10 The new bridge ……………………………… at the... past _ Frank lives alone He doesn’t mind this because he has lived alone for 15 years _ 10 I find it difficult to get up early