Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)
Công tác xã hội đối với học sinh nghiện internet từ thực tiễn tỉnh Bình Định Công tác xã hội đối với học sinh nghiện internet từ thực tiễn tỉnh Bình Định Công tác xã hội đối với học sinh nghiện internet từ thực tiễn tỉnh Bình Định Công tác xã hội đối với học sinh nghiện internet từ thực tiễn tỉnh Bình Định Công tác xã hội đối với học sinh nghiện internet từ thực tiễn tỉnh Bình Định Công tác xã hội đối với học sinh nghiện internet từ thực tiễn tỉnh Bình Định Công tác xã hội đối với học sinh nghiện internet từ thực tiễn tỉnh Bình Định
VIETNAM ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES GRADUATE ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES NGUYEN VAN NGA SOCIAL WORK FOR INTERNET ADDICTION AMONG PUPILS IN BINH DINH PROVINCE FROM THE PRACTICE PERSPECTIVE Major: Social Work Major code: 976 01 01 SUMMARY OF DOCTORAL THESIS HA NOI, 2022 The thesis was completed at: Graduate Academy of Social Sciences Supervisor: Prof Dr Nguyen Huu Minh Dr Nguyen Trung Hai Reviewer 1: Assoc Prof Dr Nguyen Thanh Binh Reviewer 2: Assoc Prof Dr Pham Thi Thu Hoa Review 3: Dr Nguyen Nguyen Ngoc The thesis is defended in front of the Academy-level Thesis Defense Committee of Graduate Academy of Social Sciences at… on… , 2022 Thesis can be found at the library: Vietnam National Library Library of Graduate Academy of Social Sciences LIST OF ARTICLES RELATED TO THE AUTHOR'S THESIS Nguyen Van Nga (2016), “Internet addiction among pupils - issues of concern in social work”, Journal of Educational Equipment, No 136 (12/2016), pp 46 – 48 and 82 Nguyen Van Nga (2019), “Social work for secondary school pupils who addicted by internet in Binh Dinh province”, Journal of Education, No 452 (Term - 4/2019), pp 24 - 31 Nguyen Van Nga (2020), “Some factors affecting social work activities for internet "addicted" pupils in Binh Dinh province”, Science Journal of Hanoi National University of Education, No years 2020, p 72 - 86 Nguyen Van Nga, Pham Thi Hai Ly (2021), “Affecting factors of the lower secondary school pupils internet addiction” Printed in the Proceedings of the International Conference RC06-VSA: International Conference The Family in Modern and Global Societies: Persistence and Change-Lens from Vietnam Knowledge Publisher, Hanoi, 2021 Pp 504-518 INTRODUCTION Urgency of the topic The advent of the Internet marked the great progress of human society in the twentieth century This is a great invention in the field of information technology The Internet is a very practical tool, bringing many benefits to users, especially useful for schoolchildren and pupils However, with the ease of use and the attractiveness of many types of entertainment, many pupils have no control over their behavior, completely dependent on the internet and lead to internet addiction In a survey on "Behavior of playing online games of primary school pupils in some schools in Quy Nhon city" by Truong Thanh Long (2015), it was found that 11.3% of primary school pupils had manifestations of internet addiction, online games The author believes that with the rapid development and increasing impact of the internet today, the risk of internet addiction among young people, including pupils in Binh Dinh province, is an issue that needs to be researched and studied there are effective prevention and intervention solutions to promote a healthier school environment Theoretically, social work is recognized as a profession and profession that plays an important role in helping individuals, families and communities with difficult problems to strengthen their own capacity, know how to mobilize resources to overcome barriers, thereby improving their lives to be more and more prosperous and develop sustainably Being professionally trained in the field of social work, school social work staff not only directly help pupils solve the problem of internet addiction, but also act as a connection agent between pupils' parents, schools and local authorities level to find optimal solutions to prevent internet addiction among pupils, contribute to building a safe, healthy and friendly school environment according to the guidance of the Ministry of Education and Training However, research shows that currently, in Binh Dinh province, there are no researches on the field of social work in schools in general and social work for pupils who addicted by internet So, based on the above reasons, I decided to choose the topic: "Social work for internet addiction among pupils in Binh Dinh province from the practice perspective" to my PhD thesis Purpose and research tasks of the thesis 2.1 Research purposes Thesis research on the theory and practice of social work activities for pupils with internet addiction in Binh Dinh province, conducting experiments on the impact of individual social work methods on pupils with internet addiction, on that basis, propose solutions to promote the effectiveness of social work for pupils who addicted by internet 2.2 Research mission (1) Review of domestic and foreign researches on internet addiction and social work for pupils who addicted by internet; (2) Manipulating some concepts related to social work for pupils with internet addiction as a tool to implement the topic; (3) Investigate, survey and assess the status of pupils addicted to the internet and the status of social work activities in supporting pupils with internet addiction; (4) Experimenting on the impact of individual social work methods on pupils with internet addiction (5) Proposing some solutions to promote the effectiveness of social work for pupils addicted to the internet Object and scope of the thesis's research 3.1 Research subjects Social work for internet addiction amond pupils from practice perspective in Binh Dinh province 3.2 Research scope 3.2.1 Scope of research content In addition to studying issues related to the theoretical basis of social work for pupils with internet addiction, the thesis limits some of the following implementation contents: (1) Research on social work activities for pupils addicted to the internet, the thesis focuses on 05 activities: Counseling and counseling activities for pupils addicted to the internet; Activities to support physical and mental health care; Activities connecting families and stakeholders in supporting pupils with internet addiction; Communication and education to raise awareness about internet use and consequences of internet addiction for internet addicted pupils and stakeholders; Psycho-social skills education; (2) Regarding the experiment on the impact of social work methods on individual pupils who are addicted to the internet, due to time constraints and the complexity of the problem of internet addiction, the intervention is limited to only one case of a pupil addicted to the internet internet in the degree of heavy internet addiction 3.2.2 Scope of research object The study was conducted on the subjects who were secondary school pupils who were addicted to the internet after being screened based on a pre-designed questionnaire (257 pupils) In addition, a survey of 100 officials and teachers concurrently social work in schools In addition, the study conducted in-depth interviews with 05 families with children suffering from internet addiction.; Interviewed 03 professional and part-time social workers in some communes, wards and social work centers 3.2.3 Scope of research space The study was conducted in secondary schools in Binh Dinh province Of the secondary schools selected for the survey, there are schools, namely Quang Trung Secondary School, Ghenh Rang Secondary School, and Nhon Binh Secondary School, which are located in Quy Nhon City, Binh Dinh Province As for Nhon Hai Secondary School, this is a school in the island commune of Quy Nhon city The remaining schools are An Nghia Secondary School and Van Canh Secondary School, which are schools in mountainous communes 3.2.4 Research time range Conducted from April 2016 and expected to October 2021 Research question To achieve the research purpose of the topic, the research results aim to answer the following questions: (1) The status of social work activities in intervention and support for pupils addicted to the internet in school How are secondary schools in Binh Dinh province currently going (level of implementation, implementation form and achieved results)?; (2) What factors affect the implementation? social work activities in the community; help pupils with internet addiction in secondary schools in Binh Dinh province today?; (3) What solutions should be taken to improve the effectiveness of social work activities in intervention and support for pupils with internet addiction in current secondary schools? Research hypothesis - Social work activities for pupils with internet addiction in secondary schools in Binh Dinh province have been implemented with many different contents and forms, making an important contribution to helping pupils reduce their behavior internet addiction - Perception and attitude of pupils with internet addiction; qualifications and skills of teachers and teachers who are part-time social workers in schools; policy mechanisms; The interest of family and social community has an influence on the implementation of social work activities for pupils with internet addiction in secondary schools in Binh Dinh province - The application of individual social work can help reduce internet addiction behaviors in secondary school pupils Methodological basis and research method of the thesis 6.1 Methodological basis 6.2 Research Methods 6.2.1 Theoretical research methods 6.2.2 Practical research methods 6.2.3 Methods of analyzing and processing data Impact experimental method The intervention process is carried out based on the basic 7-step process of the social work approach to the individual: Approach the client -> Identify the problem -> Collect information -> Diagnose -> Plan the intervention -> Execution of the plan -> Evaluation New scientific contributions of the thesis Theoretical contributions: In Vietnam, there are currently very few comprehensive studies on social work activities for pupils addicted to the internet, for that reason, the thesis contributes to supplement and clarify the topic of social work Some theoretical issues related to social work with internet-addicted pupils, principles and philosophies of work For example, interventions for pupils with internet addiction should be based on the principle of respecting the selfdetermination of pupils and their families; attention should be paid to the individuality of each case of internet addiction; ensuring the philosophical foundation is to create favorable conditions for pupils to overcome difficulties and promote their potential in the process of solving problems encountered The research results also contribute to clarifying that the implementation of social work activities plays an important role in the prevention and intervention to minimize the problem of internet addiction among pupils and the application of social work methods Individualization is effective for pupils with mild and severe internet addiction and moderate internet addiction moderate if applied in a scientific way, suitable to the psychosocial characteristics and circumstances of the pupils Practical contributions: The thesis has surveyed and identified the actual situation and causes of internet addiction among pupils in lower secondary schools (in which, internet addiction is mainly mild and moderate) At the same time, survey and identify social work activities for pupils with internet addiction, in which advocacy activities to connect resources, services and educational propaganda are the activities implemented reported with the highest frequency And, among the factors affecting social work activities, the factor related to the pupils themselves being addicted to the internet is the most influential Theoretical and practical significance of the thesis 9.1 Theoretical meaning In Vietnam at present, there are very few comprehensive studies on social work activities for pupils addicted to the internet, for that reason, the thesis contributes to supplement and clarify some theoretical issues related to internet Relating to social work with internet-addicted pupils, principles and philosophies of work For example, interventions for pupils with internet addiction should be based on the principle of respecting the self-determination of pupils and their families; attention should be paid to the individuality of each case of internet addiction; ensuring the philosophical foundation is to create favorable conditions for pupils to overcome difficulties and promote their potential in the process of solving problems encountered Furthermore, with this research, the thesis will contribute to concretizing social work activities in the intervention, helping pupils to solve the difficulties encountered by internet addiction 9.2 Practical significance With the study of the current situation of social work for pupils with internet addiction and solutions to support pupils with internet addiction, the thesis provides scientific arguments and arguments for leaders, managers, Authorities in Binh Dinh province refer to research and apply it to the process of effectively exploiting and managing the impact of the internet on pupils The thesis is also a reference for the research and teaching of issues related to the major of social work and of some other social science subjects in universities and colleges, etc 10 Analytical framework 11 Structure of the thesis In addition to the introduction, conclusion, list of references, the thesis consists of chapters: in chapter 1, it discusses the overview of social work research for pupils who addicted by internet; Chapter discusses the theoretical basis of social work for pupils who addicted by internet; Chapter analyzes the reality of pupils who addicted by internet and social work for pupils from practice perspective in Binh Dinh province; Chapter deals with the experiment of social work methods with individuals in intervention with pupils and measures to promote effective social work for pupils with internet addiction from practice perspective in Binh Dinh province Chapter OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH ON SOCIAL WORK FOR INTERNET ADDICTION AMONG PUPILS 1.1 Researches from abroad An overview of the research situation in the world is divided into two basic approaches, which are the overview studies on internet addiction and the research on social work working with pupils with internet addiction First, the group of studies on internet addiction: In this research group, the thesis approaches the reality of addiction and the consequences of internet addiction in adolescents and pupils In general, the researches admit that the trend of internet addiction in the social group of adolescents and pupils accounts for a relatively high proportion compared to the older age groups Regarding the gender of addicted pupils, studies show that men are often more addicted to the internet than women Studies also show many types of internet addiction such as: online game addiction; online sex addiction (excessive use of sexually adult websites); online communication addiction (engaging too much in online relationships); addiction to online gambling, online shopping or trading); Information overload (Surveying or compulsively searching for data) Not only that, studies have shown negative consequences on aspects of health, psychology, learning and social and behavioral relationships for pupils addicted to the internet Second, the research group on social work working with pupils with internet addiction: In this research group, mentioning some typical studies of Zheng (2015) when offering different forms of treatment for youth with internet addiction through therapy such as: Family therapy; Social support; Perform behavioral therapy And, Young's research offers a number of intervention techniques for addicts based on cognitive and behavioral therapy, including six basic tasks And, some other research by author Allen (2006) Natasha K.Bowen (1999); Robert Constable (2008); Nelson (1990); Jessica (2016) also mentioned the important role of social work in helping pupils solve difficult problems in school 1.2 Researches in Viet Nam Domestic studies have clarified a number of issues related to the following: Firstly, about the current state of research on internet addiction in teenagers and pupils: Studies show that the rate of internet addiction among teenagers and high school pupils is currently relatively high, in which internet addiction is mainly at the addictive level and moderate addiction; The percentage of male pupils tending to be addicted to the internet is higher than that of female pupils Second, on the consequences of internet addiction: (1) For the effects on the physical and mental health of individuals: some typical studies of the authors Bui Quang Huy (2011), Nguyen Thi Minh Phuong (2013) showed that internet addiction leads to poor health, thinness, weight loss, mental health problems such as depression, attention disorders; (2) As for the effects on psychosocial life: some studies show that excessive internet use leads to loss of control, leading to behavioral disorders, feelings of worthlessness use or sin Internet addicts tend to be "obsessed"; the internet gradually takes the place of social relationships and other sources of joy in life; (3) As for the effects on academic performance, ability to communicate and social relationships: some studies show that, in addition to mental and physical difficulties, internet addiction will leave users with social difficulties; significantly affect learning; affect social activities and angry, aggressive behavior; (4) On the effects on behavior and behavior: some studies suggest that many pupils, because of internet addiction, have become passive, isolated from society, at risk of moral degradation and personality, some lead to breaking the law Third, about studies on social work working with pupils addicted to the internet: Currently, in Vietnam, there are very few studies that refer to social work activities in intervention and support for pupils addicted to the internet Some authors, when approaching this issue, have used the process of individual and group social work to intervene and assist pupils in recovering from online game addiction through organizing activities such as: life skills education; organize group activities; organize a form of group therapy through group consultation, group therapy; combination of group, family, and behavioral therapies Overview of the research works of domestic and foreign scientists mentioned above, the thesis draws the following conclusions: - For overseas research projects: The problem of internet addiction in teenagers and pupils is interested in research by many scientists in the fields of psychology, sociology, medicine, etc The highlight is that the studies have identified specific tools to diagnose, determine the levels and manifestations of internet addiction On that basis, the authors have shown that the picture of internet addiction among teenagers and pupils is relatively common, and it is forecasted to increase; there is a significant difference in the gender of addicts, in which the majority shows that men have a higher risk of internet addiction than women; Pupils at higher grades have a higher level of internet addiction than pupils at lower levels Although controversial, studies have determined that the consequences of internet addiction are enormous on many aspects of physical and mental health; psychological problems; cognition, behavior, and social relationships Regarding the causes of internet addiction, previous studies have shown that the awareness of the addicts themselves is not high; the attraction of cyberspace; family care; policy mechanism is not really tight, etc Researches from abroad also mention many solutions to limit internet addiction in young people, including solutions to raise awareness for subjects; conduct counseling for individuals and families; improve mechanisms and policies in internet management, etc Besides, a number of studies have applied cognitive and behavioral therapies; systemic therapy in interventions and has shown some effectiveness in reducing internet addiction behavior - For domestic research projects: In Vietnam, research on internet addiction in general and pupils who addicted by internet in particular has only really developed recently Studies have shown that the current rate of internet addiction among pupils is relatively high, in which, addiction is mainly mild and moderate; Male pupils are more addicted to the internet than female pupils Like many studies abroad, studies in Vietnam also show that being addicted to the internet leads to serious physical and mental health consequences and consequences related to psychosocial, behavioral , affecting life and learning The main causes come from subjective factors (pupils themselves) and objective factors (attracting from friends, family management; mechanisms and policies; pressure in studying and studying) addictive nature of the internet) However, at present, there are very few research works on social work in implementing social work activities in intervention and support for secondary school pupils with addiction internet and experimental impact on the effectiveness of social work methods in this area Moreover, research documents and reference books in this field are also relatively scarce Therefore, the research direction of the thesis is to find out the current situation and factors affecting social work activities for secondary school pupils who are addicted to the internet, which is considered a research direction that needs the attention of many scientists study at home and abroad Sub-conclusion of chapter Currently, internet addiction among teenagers and pupils is relatively common in many countries around the world as well as in Vietnam A review of studies shows that internet addiction has quite a negative impact on many aspects related to health; learning outcomes; spiritual life, psychology, behavior and other social relationships of pupils There are many reasons leading to pupils' internet addiction such as: pupils themselves; attractiveness of the internet, family management, policy mechanisms In terms of social work activities for pupils addicted to the internet, there have been some works, but not really many Based on previous research results, the thesis also evaluates the contributions of the authors and inherits to fill in the gaps in their research 2.2.3.2 Psychological manifestations of internet addiction in junior high school pupils When considering the psychological expression of secondary school pupils, the thesis evaluates based on three aspects which are: (1) Expression in terms of perception; (2) Expression of emotions and feelings; (3) Expression of will 2.3 Theory of social work for secondary school pupils with internet addiction 2.3.1 Some concepts 2.3.1.1 The concept of social work: Currently, there are many concepts of social work presented from different angles Some authors see social work as a form that has similarities with volunteering From the analysis and synthesis of views of scientists such as Abraham Flexner (1915); Cheyney (1926); Arthur E Fink (1942); Helen L Wilmer (1942); Author Anderson (1945); Friedlander (1963): National Association of Social Workers (NASW) in 1973, the thesis stated that: Social work is a science, a professional profession aimed at helping individuals, groups and communities to improve high capacity, know how to promote potential, mobilize internal and external resources to solve difficult problems, thereby integrating into social life and developing sustainably 2.3.1.2 The concept of social work in schools: School social work is a specialized area within the profession of social work performed by social workers to provide social services to intervene, support for pupils with learning difficulties, mental health, behavioral problems, violence, abuse, substance addiction and behavioral addiction, etc At the same time, social work contributes to connecting pupils, families, schools and communities so that schools can perform their educational functions effectively 2.3.1.3 The concept of social worker, school social worker: In this part, the thesis analyzes two basic concepts to answer the question (1) what is a social worker, and (2) What is a school social worker? 2.3.1.3 The concept of social work for secondary school pupils with internet addiction: From the connotation of social work concepts, we conceive: Social work with pupils who addicted by internet is a collection of activities performed by employees Professional and semi-professional social workers aim to support pupils with addiction to improve their knowledge and self-efficacy to reduce internet addiction, thereby helping them to perform well their social and emotional functions healthy development like other normal pupils in school 2.3.2 Principles and methods of social work working with secondary school pupils with internet addiction 2.3.2.1 Principles of action of social workers In social work, principles are considered as guidelines to guide social workers to perform in professional activities In the process of working, helping pupils 10 with internet addiction to reduce internet addiction behavior, social workers need to adhere to the following principles: Acceptance of subjects; Create conditions for participants to solve problems; Respect the subject's right to selfdetermination; Ensure individuality; Maintain client confidentiality; Secure professional relationship 2.3.2.2 Methods of social work for pupils with internet addiction in secondary school Currently, in social work, there are three main methods that can be applied to work and help pupils with internet addiction, which are: (1) Method of social work with individuals; (2) Methods of group social work; (3) Community development method (CBT) 2.3.3 Social work activities for pupils with internet addiction The thesis is divided into two basic groups of activities: (1) Group of prevention activities for secondary school pupils addicted to the internet, including: (a) Communication, education to raise awareness and life skills for pupils internet addiction pupils; And, (b) Educational activities on psycho-social skills; (2) Activities to help pupils reduce internet addiction and restore development, including: (a) Counseling and counseling; (b) Physical and mental health care support; (c) Family connections and related resources 2.3.4 Some theories related to social work activities in intervention and support for pupils with internet addiction There are two basic theories approached by the thesis in the research, namely systems theory and cognitive behavioral theory (1) For the system theory, the application of the theory helps to see the pupils addicted to the internet as a system made up of a smaller subsystem; help social work staff evaluate social support policy systems as well as other support systems around pupils addicted to the internet; (2) For the cognitive-behavioral theory, the application of the theory helps determine the cause of pupils' internet addiction because their perception is incorrect; From the explanation of the causes of internet addiction, the next goal of the research is to create conditions for social workers to help pupils with addicted behaviors to face a negative view of life and build a positive outlook on life and rational 2.4 Factors affecting social work activities for pupils with internet addiction The thesis assumes that there are groups of basic factors affecting social work activities for pupils addicted to the internet, which are: (1) Awareness and attitudes of pupils addicted to the internet; (2) Qualifications, capacity and experience of cadres and teachers concurrently doing social work in schools (social workers); (3) The system of policies and laws of the State; (4) School facilities, resources and interests; (5) The family's attention and coordination; (6) Awareness and interest of the community 11 Sub-conclusion of chapter In research on internet addiction, there have been many different trends, but most studies have shown that internet addiction is a form of behavioral addiction, it has nothing to with drugs People with internet addiction often use the internet in an excessive way, with increasing tolerance, losing the ability to control internet use, thereby causing negative cognitive, emotional and behavioral consequences Social work with pupils addicted to the internet is a set of activities carried out by professional and semi-professional social workers aimed at assisting pupils with addiction to improve their knowledge and self-efficacy to reduce their addiction reduce internet addiction, thereby helping them to perform well in social functions and develop healthy like other normal pupils in school The thesis is divided into two groups of basic activities in helping pupils with internet addiction: Group of preventive activities for secondary school pupils with internet addiction; Group of activities for intervention, advocacy, and referral connection resources for social support services for pupils with internet addiction Chapter THE SITUATION OF SOCIAL WORK FOR INTERNET ADDICTION AMONG PUPILS AT SECONDARY SCHOOL IN BINH DINH PROVINCE 3.1 Overview of the study area and target audience 3.1.1 Research area 3.1.2 Characteristics of the research object 3.2 Internet addiction among secondary school pupils 3.2.1 Percentage of pupils with internet addiction: Based on the diagnostic criteria for internet addiction of Kimberly S, Young and Vietnamese language by Le Minh Cong, the survey showed that out of 720 pupils using the internet, there were 257 cases (accounting for 35 7%) fall into the case of internet addiction In which, the number of pupils with mild internet addiction accounted for the highest rate (61.7%), followed by moderate addiction (37%) and the lowest level of heavy addiction with 1.5% 3.2.2 Effects of internet addiction on internet addiction among secondary school pupils: Regarding the effects of internet addiction on health, the results show that pupils with internet addiction feel “Achy, sore in many parts of the body (fingers, fingers, etc.) shoulder blades, back, ) are the most affected (average score = 3.52) Besides, 56.8% of pupils think that the influence causes "sleep flickering, sleep not deep; not eating well, anorexia” at high and very high levels; 48.9% of pupils think that their movements are slow, it is difficult to focus attention in work, study and daily life Regarding the influence on the psychological and spiritual problems of pupils addicted to the internet, the results show that the influence of this problem is not really serious, the factors in the survey with low average score scores mainly fluctuate medium influence For studying and participating in activities, many pupils believe that being addicted to the internet 12 causes "their academic performance to decline", of which 57.2% of pupils think it is affected At a high level Regarding behavioral and emotional issues, survey results show that internet addiction did not significantly affect children's behavior or emotions 3.2.3 Factors affecting internet addiction in junior high school pupils Regarding the subjective factor: As a factor that comes from pupils addicted to the internet, among the surveyed factors, according to pupils, the biggest cause of addiction is their desire to find "Using the internet to solve problems" relieve stress and boredom in life" and have "a lot of free time", so go online for entertainment, thereby becoming a habit that is hard to quit and addicted to the internet Objective factors: Objective factors include influences from family, friends, addictive nature of the internet and some other factors The survey results show that the peer factor, the pressure from the exam and the lack of suitable playground are the biggest causes of the pupils' internet addiction Particularly, family factors, factors belonging to pupils themselves or factors of the nature of the internet are not direct factors leading to pupils' internet addiction, but it is considered a risk factor that needs attention in providing solutions to limit internet addiction in secondary school pupils 3.3 The reality of social work for internet addiction among pupils in secondary school of Binh Dinh province 3.3.1 The need for social work activities in intervention and support for pupils who addicted to the internet To find out about the needs of social work, we asked the question: “During using the internet or online games, if you encounter difficulties in psychology, physical health, mental health or other difficulties, you did they seek any support?, the survey results showed that 65.8% of pupils with addiction sought help from different sources In which, 33.5% of pupils who are addicted to the internet think that they have sought help from officials and teachers who are part-time social workers in schools That partly reflects the needs of pupils for the help of social workers in schools when they have difficult problems such as the impact of being addicted to the internet 3.3.2 Social work activities for internet addiction among pupils in secondary school 3.3.2.1 Preventive activities for internet addiction among pupils in secondary school 3.3.2.1.1 Communication and education activities to raise awareness about internet use and consequences of internet addiction for internet addicted pupils and stakeholders Regarding the level of implementation: The survey results showed that the content of media content aimed at "Propaganda and education about the negative effects of the internet and the harmful effects of internet addiction and online games" was evaluated by pupils with a relatively high score (CI = 3.95), 13 equivalent to a high level of communication Of which 47.9% of pupils chose the high level and 28% of the very high level, only 2.3% of the pupils said that the performance was at a very low level This is also the content that staff and teachers concurrently in charge of social work at the school evaluated the implementation at a high level (average score = 3.42) In addition to communication and education on the consequences of internet addiction, secondary schools also carry out communication to disseminate laws and policies of the Party and State related to the management and use of the internet (average score = 3.66) ) and Disseminate information related to the rules and regulations on using the internet in schools for pupils (average score = 3.61) This is also the content that teachers in charge of social work in primary school evaluate the implementation at a high level (average score of 3.69 and 3.25) Regarding the form of implementation: The survey results show that the form of communication and education that is frequently applied by schools at a high level is the form of "Disseminate the law on management and use of the internet into mainstream educational programs" treatment at the beginning of the school year, at weekend activities, and monthly activities” (average score rate = 3.86); “Integrating in the classroom hours for civic education and other subjects” (average score rate = 3.79) The least applied forms are "Administrative punishment for internet use in school" and "Hang up banners and slogans about the harmful effects of internet addiction and online games" Regarding the subjects participating in the implementation, through research and consultation, it shows that the communication, awareness education as well as life skills education for pupils addicted to the internet in secondary schools mainly rely on the staff ministry, part-time social work teachers in schools; homeroom teachers or directly teach cultural subjects without the participation of professional social workers Regarding the effectiveness of communication and education activities, the survey results showed that the most effective answer from pupils addicted to the internet was "Propaganda about the negative effects of the internet and the harmful effects of addiction to the internet and games online to pupils" (Deputy average score = 4.1) and "Disseminate laws and policies of the Party and the State related to the management and use of the internet" (Deputy average score = 3.87), the lowest is "organization" organize thematic talks” (TDB = 3.26) On the part of the part-time social work teachers, the highest efficiency was assessed as "Disseminating information related to school rules and regulations on internet use among pupils" (average score = 3.66) and low efficiency especially “organizing thematic talks” (meaning average score = 2.14) 3.3.2.1.2 Educational activities on psycho-social skills, creating a friendly and healthy educational environment Regarding the level of implementation, the results show that the content of Education of life skills for pupils addicted to the internet: communication skills, 14 psychological crisis handling skills, group living skills, and internet use skills are included Pupils evaluate with a relatively high score (average score = 4.01), equivalent to a relatively high performance This is also the content that teachers who are in charge of school social work believe that the implementation is carried out at a relatively high level to help pupils reduce internet addiction (average score = 3.91) Besides organizing the above activities, the teachers who are in charge of social work in the school also actively organize contests; Cultural activities such as singing, dancing, drama, poetry, extracurricular activities for pupils in general and pupils addicted to the internet to form necessary psychosocial skills Assessing the content of this activity, 42.4% of surveyed pupils thought that the performance was at a high level and 21.8% at a very high level Compared with the opinions of pupils, teachers who are in charge of social work consider the implementation at this level to be relatively low (B = 2.20) because the implementation of this content is a general activity for youth union movements, not an organization to help pupils reduce internet addiction Regarding the form and subject of implementation, through fact-finding and interviews with social work staff and teachers in schools, it shows the method of organizing life skills education, psychological skills for pupils to speak In general, pupils who are addicted to the internet in schools are quite diverse For example, integrating life skills education in subjects such as civics education, literature, history, ; coordinating with departments and agencies such as the Center for Social Work and Social Protection of Binh Dinh Province and the Department of Education and Training Training to organize communication activities, training for pupils and teachers on topics related to education of psychosocial skills, etc Regarding the effectiveness of the activity, the survey results showed that on the part of the pupils, the content of the activity "Educating life skills for pupils: communication skills, skills to deal with psychological crises, skills group activities, skills in using the internet” have the highest effectiveness (average score = 3.90) While the teacher's side is in charge of social work in the implementation of the content "Organizing contests; cultural activities such as singing, dancing, drama, poetry, extra-curricular activities" achieved the highest results (average score score = 3.80), especially the content of life skills education for pupils: communication skills , skills to deal with psychological crises, skills in group activities, skills in using the internet” have very low effectiveness (average score = 2.24) 3.3.2.2 Intervention activities, advocacy, connection to introduce resources to support services in society to help pupils reduce internet addiction behavior and recover development 3.3.2.2.1 Counseling and counseling activities for pupils addicted to the internet Regarding the level of implementation, the survey results showed that the content related to counseling on psychological and spiritual issues for pupils with internet addiction of school officials was evaluated with the highest average score 15 score (Average score score = 3.82), equivalent to a high level of performance in helping pupils with internet addiction Another activity that pupils consider to be implemented at a high level is "Advising on laws, rules and regulations related to internet use, average score score is 3.74", in which 65% of pupils said that they always receive counseling from the VHWs Not only receive counseling on psychological life, legal advice, pupils addicted to the internet are also regularly consulted by social workers on the harmful effects of internet addiction and online games Specifically, 53.7% of pupils answered that the activity was performed at a high level Compared with the answers of pupils who are addicted to the internet, the teachers who are in charge of social work in the school rate the implementation of "Consulting on health care" for pupils addicted to the internet at the highest level (average score = 3, 72) Regarding the form of implementation, the form of Counseling for many groups of pupils accounts for the highest percentage (38.5%), followed by Counseling through the media: the school's loudspeakers, televisions, (32 7%); counseling through the pupil's family (26.8%) Other less commonly used forms are Direct Pupil Counseling (17.9%); another form (18.7%) and 22.2% of pupils said that there is a form of counseling applied Regarding the subjects participating in the implementation, these are activities with a distinct social work professional nature, however, these activities are mainly carried out by concurrently social work staff and teachers in schools, so these activities This is still fuzzy, no depth yet This is reflected in the fact that the implementation is only carried out when pupils with internet addiction have difficulties, they seek advice on their own, only the part-time social work staff will carry out, that is, the activities are taking place in a timely manner passive Moreover, the consultation is carried out monotonously, giving advice without providing a way for pupils to remove negative thoughts and feelings Regarding the effectiveness of the activity, the results showed that the pupils with internet addiction rated the content "Consulting on psychological and spiritual issues" (measurement average score = 3.87) and "Consulting on laws, regulations, regulations related to internet use” (TDB = 3.67) was the most effective and the rest were less effective The part-time social work teachers in the school assessed the effective content as "Consultation on health care" (average score = 3.80) and the lowest content was "Consultation on psychological and spiritual issues" ” (average score rate = 2.19) because this is a content that is often deployed in a general way for pupils of the whole school 3.3.2.2.2 Activities to support physical and mental health Regarding the level of implementation: Survey results show that "support for medical examination and periodical health care" is performed at the highest level (accounting for 91.8%) In fact, the support of medical examination and periodical health care is an activity not only for pupils who are addicted to the internet but also for pupils who are not addicted to the internet according to the State's 16 regulations Another content that pupils with internet addiction believes to be implemented at a high level is "Promoting participation in sports, health training, arts and entertainment activities" to support pupils with internet addiction physical and mental health In which, 71.6% of pupils who are addicted to the internet think that they perform at a high level, only 9.7% of pupils say no This is also the content that teachers in charge of social work in primary school evaluate the implementation at a relatively high level (average score = 3.97) In addition to the above-mentioned medical and health care support contents, secondary schools in Binh Dinh province also directly organize direct therapeutic activities for pupils with internet addiction such as examination and monitoring of symptoms overall clinical; Examination and treatment of diseases such as: insomnia, digestive disorders, anorexia ; Treat addiction according to an appropriate regimen These are content related to direct therapy to help pupils get rid of internet addiction, however, the survey data shows that secondary schools have not really paid attention to these content, maybe the activity only takes place in the secondary school the occasional level of implementation In terms of form and subject of implementation: In terms of direct form, providing direct counseling to individuals with internet addiction when they have a need to seek help or exchange and provide information through flag raising session at the beginning of the week, integrated in cultural lessons For the indirect form conducted through the school's radio to talk about the harmful effects of internet addiction, to provide information about the internet addiction program in the community; In some cases, the children's needs can be answered via private messages Regarding operational efficiency, the survey results show that between internet addicts and teachers concurrently in social work, both think that the implementation of supporting content aims to "Promoting participation in sports activities, health training, cultural activities, etc technology, entertainment" (average score of 3.99 and 3.91) and "information on internet addiction treatment programs, games, and health policies" (average score of 3.75 and 4.75, respectively) ) achieved high efficiency Particularly, the content focusing on medical therapy to help with internet addiction has low effectiveness 3.3.2.2.3 Activities connecting families and stakeholders in supporting pupils with internet addiction Regarding the level of implementation: The survey results show that the activity of Family-school cohesion in supporting pupils is the content with the highest performance results In which, 68.1% of pupils who are addicted to the internet think that they receive the highest support from part-time social work staff and teachers In this content, on the part of teachers who are in charge of social work in schools, they also rate the performance at a high level (average score = 3.76) Not only connecting families with schools, social work activities in secondary schools also carry out activities to promote interaction between teachers 17 and pupils addicted to the internet In which, 61.2% of pupils addicted to the internet rated this activity as being carried out at a high level; 33.1% is said to perform at an average score level This is also the content that teachers in charge of social work in schools evaluate the implementation is at a high level (average score = 3.59) In terms of implementation form and participants: The connection of families and stakeholders is done by school social work staff and teachers through such forms as direct dialogue and exchange with pupils; join pupils in collective activities; make phone calls to visit, report to parents about their children's internet usage or make a visit to get information Regarding the effectiveness of connecting families and stakeholders in supporting pupils with internet addiction, the results show that pupils with internet addiction and teachers in charge of social work both evaluate the implementation of the support content "Cohesion" between families and schools in supporting pupils” (average score of 3.87 and 3.75, respectively) and “Promoting interaction between teachers and pupils with internet addiction” (average score of 3.68 and 3, respectively) ,48) is relatively efficient Particularly, the content associated with detoxification centers, health care or services is performed at a low level of effectiveness Summary of the survey results from the above-mentioned social work activities shows that communication, education and psycho-social skills education activities have the highest level of implementation, while other activities have the highest level of performance interventions have not been given due attention 3.4 Some factors affecting social work for secondary school pupils with internet addiction 3.4.1 Perceptions, attitudes and circumstances of pupils addicted to the internet The results show that the factor related to the pupils' will and willpower is said to be the most influential factor (average score = 3.67) The next factor is the knowledge and understanding of the pupils (measurement average score = 3.66) With influencing factors related to the health status and family situation of pupils addicted to the internet, the results showed that 59% of the part-time social work staff and teachers answered at a high level of influence, only 2% for that has very little effect In addition to the above factors, the cooperative attitude of internetaddicted pupils is also assessed by school officials and teachers as having a great influence on social work activities (accounting for 51%) 3.4.2 Qualification, capacity and experience of staff, teachers concurrently doing social work in schools The survey results show that the factors related to knowledge and working skills about internet addiction and online games are the most influential factors (average score = 3.94) Next is the influence of the factor “knowledge and skills in the field of social work, in this factor 61% of social work workers consider it to be 18 very and very influential The next most influential factor on social work activities for internet-addicted pupils is “Professional qualifications of staff, teachers concurrently social work in schools”, specifically 53 respondents considered the influence at many and many levels, only 2% considered no effect 3.4.3 The system of policies and laws of the state Of the four surveyed factors, the factor that has the most influence on social work activities is “Laws and policies on management and use of the internet”, of which 72% of social work workers consider it to be influential and very influential The next factor is related to policy on regulations on coordination between sectors, authorities at all levels and social workers in the prevention of internet addiction among pupils with relatively high scores , DTB = 3.52 (high level of influence) 3.4.4 School facilities, resources and care The survey results show that the most influential factor is the school's "Material conditions and equipment" in serving intervention and support for pupils with internet addiction Specifically, 68% of social work staff and teachers in schools think that they have a lot of influence on social work activities The next most influential factor is “human resources for social work”, with 65% of staff and part-time social work employees claiming to have a lot of influence 3.4.5 The care and cooperation of the family The survey results show that the most influential factor in the assessment of social workers is “Parents' perception of their children's internet use situation", with 60% of the opinions of staff and teachers who are part-time with social workers consider the influence to be many and many, only 3% think there is no influence Besides the parents' awareness and skills, the Attitude factor, the parental attention and coordination also have certain influences on social work activities The survey results show that the average score of this factor is 3.73, corresponding to the influence at a high level according to the scale criteria The factor considered by the public servants to have the lowest influence on social work activities is Economic conditions, family circumstances, average score = 3.36 (average score impact) 3.4.6 Community awareness and interest The survey results show that the common factor related to the community is 3.24, equivalent to the average score influence In which, according to the assessment of the social worker, the factor related to the interest and cooperation between the community in the prevention of internet addiction was evaluated with the highest score, specifically: 52% of the staff assessed the impact on the internet addiction enjoy much; 22% of opinions rated the influence as medium and 20% with little influence Next is the influence of the social community's perception of the social work profession: 41% said that the influence was high; 23% average score, 18% chose low influence and 9% rated never affect 19 Analysis of the factors according to the regression model showed that the factors belonging to the awareness, attitudes and circumstances of pupils addicted to the internet had the greatest influence on social work activities (R2 = 0.250) The next strong influencing factor is the interest and cooperation of the family with R2 = 0.157, that is, it explains 15.7% of the variation in social work activities in helping pupils with internet addiction improve their awareness and negative behavior change Sub-conclusion of chapter The first step shows that most of the activities implemented make an important contribution to supporting pupils addicted to the internet to remove psychological barriers, stabilize their mental life to perform their own functions well in performing well in learning and living tasks and improving relationships with friends, family and teachers In which, educational communication activities to raise awareness and skills for pupils addicted to the internet and Education of psycho-social skills for pupils addicted to the internet and Education of psychosocial skills are carried out at a high level highest level, while interventions are implemented only at an average score level Chapter EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS OF PERSONAL SOCIAL WORK AND SOLUTIONS TO ENHANCE THE EFFICIENCY OF SOCIAL WORK FOR INTERNET ADDICTION AMONG PUPILS IN BINH DINH PROVINCE 4.1 Experimental results of individual social work to reduce internet addiction behavior for pupils 4.1.1 The basis of application of social work methods with individuals Firstly, from a legal perspective, social work in general and social work with individual pupils with internet addiction is reflected in the Government's Decree detailing a number of articles of the Law on Children 2017, in Circular No 33 2018 by the Ministry of Education and Training "Guidelines for social work in schools" and the social work career development program for the period 20212030 Secondly, in terms of practice, currently in secondary schools in Binh Dinh province, the application of measures to implement intervention, therapy, prevention and resolution of difficult problems for pupils in general and pupils with addiction the internet is still not really effective; The measures are still monotonous, there is no suitable solution for each problem that arises in pupils 4.1.2 Describe the client's internet addiction 4.1.3 Intervention activities: The thesis conducts the process of helping clients based on basic steps according to the individual social work process which are: (1) Approaching the client; (2) Identify the original problem; (3) Information collection; (4) Diagnosis; 20 (5) Intervention plan (6) Implement intervention and support plan; (7) Evaluation In that process, the thesis integrates with specific activities such as: Helping TC and his family know about internet addiction; Help Q improve physical and mental health; Help Q get positive changes in psychology and perception such as eliminating negative thoughts and emotions; change attitudes and behaviors to properly perceive the problem of using the internet and establish new behaviors; Working with families, discussing goal setting, personal plans; Practice some skills to deal with negative emotions and stop smoking; Help Q participate in supporting his parents with household chores; Participating in sports, extracurricular activities and Resource Linking About the achieved results: The achieved results are shown in the evaluation section that is: With 22 weeks of intervention, Q support, the results show that the client's internet addiction level is gradually reduced through each intervention session, at at the time of the T0 test, Q's score is 87 points, equivalent to a severe internet addiction But through the intervention sessions, the addiction score gradually decreased from T1 to T6 to 26 points, equivalent to normal internet use Besides the changes in the level of internet addiction, the survey results show that Q's internet use time also changed in a positive direction from 3h to 5h before the T0 test, then after the T6 intervention less than hour left Regarding the consequences of internet addiction on Q's health, psychology, learning and behavior, there were also very positive changes, from the consequences that often appeared before the intervention time, to After the intervention those consequences rarely appear to the client 4.1.4 Lessons Skills used in the intervention: (1) Observation skills; (2) Negotiation and listening skills; (3) Empathy skills and crisis management support Advantages and disadvantages in the intervention process: (1) In terms of advantages, during the intervention, social workers receive cooperation from the client, the client's family, especially the enthusiastic support from the side the client's brother is a person with a high level of awareness and understanding; (2) About difficulties encountered: difficulty in applying therapies, techniques and skills to support the client 4.2 Some solutions to improve the effectiveness of social work for pupils that addicted to the internet 4.2.1 Completing the legal system and policies on school social work: In this group of solutions, the thesis believes that it is necessary to (1) coordinate with the competent authorities to conduct research and improve in order to promulgate the Law social work profession to improve the legality of the social work profession; (2) Legally, it is necessary to promote strict sanctions for cases of illegal internet business and build a process to coordinate forces in society to detect and denounce promptly individuals who not comply with applicable regulations; (3) there should be uniform regulations on the use of social 21 workers in schools throughout the country; Coordinate with authorities to develop specialized services for each group of pupils at school 4.2.2 Improving the quality of social work staff and teachers: Starting from the practice of professional quality of social work staff in schools, it is necessary to take the following measures: (1) In terms of Knowledge and skills, social work staff and teachers who are part-time at schools need to be strengthened in training and training to improve knowledge and skills about social work in general and internet addiction in particular ; (2) school officials constantly train themselves with the right attitudes and career motivations to effectively assist pupils with internet addiction and their families; (3) in addition to providing direct therapy for pupils with internet addiction behavior, social workers also strengthen propaganda activities about the harmful effects of internet addiction to all pupils in the whole school so that they know how to prevent it fall into internet addiction, online games 4.2.3 Enhancing roles, responsibilities, and renovating mechanisms and policies in schools: To implement this solution, the thesis believes that: (1) secondary schools in Binh Dinh need to focus on propaganda and education education to raise awareness about the harmful effects of internet addiction to all pupils, officials, teachers and staff in the school; (2) School leaders need to communicate so that pupils, teachers, and school staff understand the position and role of social workers in helping disadvantaged pupils in general and internet addiction in particular; (3) Secondary schools in Binh Dinh province need to develop and develop counseling and school counseling models 4.2.4 Raising pupils' awareness about the effectiveness of internet use and the consequences of internet addiction: (1) For effective education, in addition to organizing common activities for all pupils, schools should have birth sessions separate activities for pupils who are addicted to the internet; (2) school social workers assist pupils in developing internet addiction prevention skills; (3) School social work staff should coordinate with the school and parents to spend a certain amount of time conducting psychological counseling activities for pupils addicted to the internet to remove negative emotions, improve pupils' self-respect and responsibility towards themselves and their families 4.2.5 Promote the role of parents in pupil management education: (1) the school also actively communicates to parents to see the importance of social work staff in supporting therapeutic activities , reduce internet addiction behavior for pupils who addicted by internet; (2) spend more time caring for pupils and directing them to participate in other recreational activities; (3) Parents also often confiding, talking and listening to their thoughts and understanding the difficulties that their children face; (4) regularly coordinate with the school and seek help from experts 22 4.2.6 Renovating the content and methods of performing social work activities for pupils with internet addiction: (1) Social workers need to mobilize youth unions, clubs, groups, teams, and groups inside and outside The school allows them to care, share, and mobilize pupils addicted to the internet to participate in useful activities to raise awareness and gradually change their internet addiction behavior; (2) Continuing counseling and psychological support for pupils addicted to the internet, helping addicted pupils remove pressures and psychological barriers, increase self-confidence so that pupils can actively participate in effective detoxification activities; (3) SOCBs strengthen coordination with school medical staff to conduct screening activities to detect pupils showing signs of internet addiction; (4) CSOs need to consult with the school to develop these activities according to specific topics with an appropriate time frame during the school year Sub-conclusion of chapter The study used individual social work method to test the effectiveness of that method with a case of severe internet addiction After performing the intervention process, the results show that the client has eliminated negative thoughts and feelings and established new behaviors; form skills, the results show that the effects of internet addiction on clients such as health, psychological difficulties, learning and living problems, consequences for behavior have positive remission pole; Q can participate in learning and living activities, and establish normal social relationships The study proposes six groups of measures to improve the effectiveness of social work for pupils addicted to the internet CONCLUSION Conclusion On the basis of the concept of internet addiction and social work, we define social work for pupils with internet addiction as a collection of activities performed by social workers aimed at supporting addicted pupils to improve their knowledge and capacity themselves to reduce internet addiction, thereby helping them to perform well their social functions and develop healthy like other normal pupils in school Regarding practical results, social work activities initially showed certain results In which, the activities "Communication, education to raise awareness" and "Educate life skills for pupils addicted to the internet" are the two activities with the highest average score rate compared to other activities The remaining activities are: counseling and counseling for pupils addicted to the internet; physical and mental health care support; Family and stakeholder connections are only average score Regarding the current status of factors affecting social work for pupils addicted to the internet, the survey results show that in the groups of factors surveyed, only factors related to the legal system and policies have no influence Among the influential factors according to the regression model, the factors belonging to the awareness, 23 attitude and circumstances of pupils addicted to the internet and the interest and cooperation of the family have the strongest influence To improve the effectiveness of social work activities for pupils with internet addiction, the research has experimented with individual social work methods with a case of a pupil diagnosed with severe internet addiction The process includes seven basic steps, with many activities such as Helping TC eliminate negative thoughts and emotions; proper awareness of the consequences of internet addiction; jointly establish new behaviors; Working with families, discussing goal setting, personal plans; Helping clients practice some skills to deal with negative emotions and stop withdrawal, has shown reduced levels of addiction, negative effects on health, learning, behavior, and activities of the client The client is positively improved To take measures to improve the effectiveness of social work for pupils addicted to the internet, the research proposes six groups of basic solutions from improving laws and policies on social work profession in schools; solutions related to teachers, schools, pupils themselves and the social community Those measures need to be implemented synchronously with each other and considered to match suitable to the conditions of each school to bring practical effects Survey results from research practice have contributed to answering the research questions posed by the thesis, which are: (1) Social work activities for pupils addicted to the internet in secondary schools in Binh Dinh province have been organized in different levels and forms with the aim of prevention and treatment to help pupils reduce internet addiction In which activities, "Communication, education to raise awareness" and activities "Education of psycho-social skills" are carried out at the highest level (2) There are a number of factors that have affected the effectiveness of social work activities for pupils addicted to the internet to varying degrees, of which the biggest influence is the factor related to pupils addicted to the internet (3) The experimental results show that the effects of the individual social work method have positive effects on eliminating negative emotions; form necessary skills for pupils to reduce internet abuse Limitations of the study Firstly, the diagnosis of internet addiction is based on a questionnaire designed by foreign scientists with a long time ago (1998), moreover, the measurement is only done through a set of self-administered questionnaires Therefore, the current application in practice may encounter certain errors and not exploit the necessary amount of information Secondly, for the subjective reason is the limitation in terms of knowledge, skills, first-time experience working with pupils addicted to the internet, so the thesis can only carry out the impact experiment with one client However, it is not possible to conduct in many cases to compare the effectiveness between different intervention subjects 24 ... interventions have not been given due attention 3.4 Some factors affecting social work for secondary school pupils with internet addiction 3.4.1 Perceptions, attitudes and circumstances of pupils... answered at a high level of influence, only 2% for that has very little effect In addition to the above factors, the cooperative attitude of internetaddicted pupils is also assessed by school officials... only 3% think there is no influence Besides the parents' awareness and skills, the Attitude factor, the parental attention and coordination also have certain influences on social work activities