• Giao vien hieu qua thudng nha't quan va linh hoat hon trong viec quan If Idp hgc so vdi nhirng giao vien kem hieu qua, nhung ngudi de dai va Idp hgc so vdi nhirng giao vien kem hieu qua, nhung ngudi de dai va kh6ng cd sir nha't quan (Molnar va tg. khac, 1999).
• Giao vien hieu qua thie't lap cac tie'n trinh heat dpng di hoc sinh tuan
theo khi thuc hien cac nhiem vu hang ngay (Bain & Jacobs, 1990).
• Cac nha quan If \6p hoc hieu qua thi hien sir chuyen doi nhe nhang va
lien tuc giira mot chu6i cac hoat d6ng trong ngay (Brophy & Good, 1986; Bao cao dac biet ve giao due Hoa Ky).
• NhiJng giao vien va nha quan If Idfp hoc hieu qua tao ra su can bang giua su da dang va tfnh thir thaeh trong cac hoat dong cua hoc sinh (Brophy & Good, 1986).
• NhiJng giao vien hieu qua c6 nhan thiic ro rang \6 tat ca cac hanh donj.-
va hoat dong diBn ra trong Idfp hoe (Wang va tg. khac, 1993a).
• Cac ki nang quan If Idfp hoc bao gom viec tan dung khong gian, su gan gui hay sir di chuydn trong Idfp hoc de tiep can nhiing hoe sinh eo va'n dc
va Cling e6' su chii y ciia hoe sinh (McLeod, Fisher, & Hoover, 2003; Wang va tg. khac, 1993a).
• Nhirng giao vien hieu qua han chS' su ngung tre bang each dir doan cac
van de CO kha nang xay ra (Emmer va tg. khac, 1980).
• NhiJng giao vien biet quan If idfp hoc hieu qua xir If cac bieu hien ciia sir thieu chu y va ngimg tre hoat dong ciia hoe sinh trude khi ehiing tro nen te hon (Covino & Iwanieki, 1996).
• Cac nha quan If Idfp hoc hieu qua c6 kha nang lam tang sir chu y hoc tap ciia hoc sinh va tan dung tot tirng khoanh khac trong qua trinh giang day (Good & Brophy, 1997).
• Nguoi giao vien hieu qua dudng nhu la ed mat a ea sau gay (Covino & Iwanieki, 1996).
Cac tai lieu lien quan: Bain & Jacobs, 1990; Berliner, 1986; Brophy & Good, 1986; Cotton, 1999, 2000; Covino & Iwanieki, 1996; Demmon-Berger, 1986; Doyle, 1986; Bao cao dac biet ve giao due Hoa Ki;-Emmer va tg. khac, 1980; Emmer va tg. khac, 2003; Fidler, 2002; Good & Brophy, 1997; Good & McCaslin,
1992; Kounin, 1970; McLeod va tg. khac, 2003; Molnar va tg. khac, 1999; Pressley, Wharton-McDonald, Allington, Block, & Morrow, 1998; Shellard & Protheroe, 2000; Sokal va tg. khac, 2003; Teddlie & Stringfield, 1993; Wang va tg. khac, 1993a, 1993b; Wong & Wong, 1998; Yamaguchi va tg. khac, 1997.
A p d u n g cac y e u to to chute
Cac ki nang to chirc xiimg dang cd mdt vi trf quan trong trong viec quan If Idfp hoc va giang day hieu qua. Ngu6i giao vien t6 chiic td't cac hoat dong hang ,60
j^gay tuan thii theo noi quy va quy trinh thirc hien trSn Idfp, nhin chung chudn bi
td't hc«i cho gidf day va neu guong cho hoc sinh trong viec t6 chufc viec hoc tap pi5t each hop If. Nhan manh vao yeu td' to chire gdp phan lam cho cdng viec giang day hieu qua hofn bang each han che' td'i da so' thdfi gian hang tuan danh cho cdng tac quan If.
Nhieu giao vien hieu qua da ddng y rang viec thie't lap ndi quy va quy trinh thuc hien tren Idp la quan trong nhat trong tuan hoc d^u tien, dieu can chii y la
cdng tac to chiic ed ve mat thdi gian diu tu ban dau nhung ed nhirng Igfi feh vd
Cling to Idfn ve sau (Emmer va tg. khac, 2003). Mot nghien curu nham dd'i chieu giaa nhiing giao vien hieu qua va kem hieu qua cho tha'y rang, nhirng giao vien
CO hoc sinh dat thanh tfeh hoe tap cao to chiie ne ne'p hoc tap td't hofn so vdi
nhirng giao vien cd hoc sinh khdng dat thanh tfeh nhu mong dofi (Stronge, Tucker, & Ward, 2003). Viec to chu-c tai lieu nham giiip sir chuyen tiep giGa eac hoat dong diSn ra mot each nhe nhang va tang thdfi gian cho cac hoat dong bai hoc. Vi the, khi hoc sinh hang say hoc tap, nguy ca hoc sinh vi pham ndi quy se
giam xudng dang ke. b ; ^ W
Cac Idp hoc cd td ehiic rat de nhan ra. Nhirng giao vien trong eac Idfp hoc dirgfc td chiic td't chu^n bi mdi trudfng lam viec hieu qua bang each tan dung td'i da sir gan giii dd'i vdi tai lieu va vdfi hoc sinh. Cac ndi quy va quy trinh thuc hien tren Idp dugfc thie't lap sao cho Idp hoc dien ra mot each tir dpng (McLeod va tg. khac, 2003). Hoc sinh bie't ehfnh xac khi nao phai tien hanh hoat dpng gi. Miic dp td chiie cao nay cho phep giao vien hieu qua phan hoa bai day khi can thiet.
Td chire Idfp hoc td't cd the thuc hien dupe bang nhieu each. Vf du, mdt
tnrcmg tieu hpc sir dung ma mau sac de giiip hpe sinh va giao vien tim tai lieu
mot each de dang. Ne'u giao vien phai lam qua nhieu cac cdng viec chu^n bi thi cac hop tai lieu theo mau sac (mdi mdn hpc mdt mau) cd the hd trp edng tac to
Chile mdt each td'i da. Dat cac vat dung thucmg dung nhu keo, dap ghim, bang
dai, but chi mau a nhirng noi hpc sinh cd Ihi la'y mdt each de dang, tie't kiem thdfi
gian cho giao vien khdng phai phan phat. Cac hop nhira cd the dupe dung de' cS't
giii cac tai lieu cin cho cac hoat dpng thuc te va nen ehu^n bi tir trudfc de tie't
ki6m thdfi gian trong Idfp. O trudfng trung hpc c0 sdf, giao vien day mdn Khoa hpc
CO the yeu eau hpe sinh lam trp If, giup chu^n bi trudc khi tie'n hanh thf nghiem.
trudfng tieu hpe, phan cdng cdng viec de nang cao tinh than trach nhiem cua
cac em khi ehfnh cac em lam ngucfi phu trach. Biet sir dung ket hpp cac bien
Phap to chiic Idp hpe de ed the danh nhi6u thdfi gian hon cho bai hpc.