II. Cac giai phap trong thoi gian tdi nham hoan thien ca cau to chuc quan ly va
2.1.5.Tiip tuc tdi iru hod cac bien phap thanh toan dien tuddvd dang su dung
2. Giai phap dai han (2007-2011)
2.1.5.Tiip tuc tdi iru hod cac bien phap thanh toan dien tuddvd dang su dung
' He thdng thanh toan ATM dang thuc hien cung Vietcombank se tiep tuc trien khai tai
2,1.6, Trien khai cd hieu qua he thdng nap tien bang the cao phuc vu thanh toan cho thue bao trd sau (da lam viec vdi Cdng ty Huewei tai Trung Qudc).
Xu4t phat tu nhu cau thirc te tao dieu kien va cung cap them hinh thiic thanh toan tien ich cho khach hang la thue bao tra sau, hd trg he thdng thu cudc ciia toan Cdng ty.
Muc tieu de ra;
* Ndng cao chdt luang dich vu:
- Da dang boa cac hinh thiic thanh toan.
- Giam thdi gian thanh toan di lai chd dgi thanh toan ciia khach hang.
- Tao dieu kien chii ddng trong thanh toan ddi vdi khach hang d xa trung tam, di cdng tac xa... (giam viec chan cat cudc).
* Ndng cao hieu qua kinh doanh
- Tang vdng quay vdn, tang ty le khach hang thanh toan diing han, giam ty le ng dgng. - Giam chi phi quan ly, chi phi thu cudc va xu ly ng dgng.
Ket luan: Vdi dan sd Viet Nam 84 trieu ngudi va 50% dan sd dudi 35 tuoi, Viet Nam
cho thay day la thi trudng muc tieu day tiem nang ciia ITnh vuc dich vu thanh toan di dong. Viec cung cap den khach hang he thdng thanh toan dien tii la bet siic thiet yeu, tao ca hdi thiic day boat dgng kinh te, mang lai Igi ich cho cac ben: khach hang sir dung thanh toan, nha cung cap dich vu va cac ngan hang ddi tac. Tuy nhien den nay tien ich ciia dich vu ngan hang dien tu cdn nhieu han che, khach hang md tai khoan trong Internet bangking chi xem dugc sd tien hien cd. Viec chuyen khoan thanh toan chua thuc hien dugc. Ngoai ra mot sd dich vu nhu phone banking, SMS banking, home banking ciing mdi bat dau dugc cac ngan hang thii nghiem d cac miic do khac nhau.
2,2, Nghien cuu ca che vd xay dung ca s& hg tdng tinh diem tin dung ddi v&i tirng khach hang
- Tao CO hdi kinh doanh phdi hgp cung ngan hang td chiic theo ddi soi lieu, tham chilu thdi gian thanh toan, miic cudc su dung cua tiing thue bao... dl danh gia cho dilm do tin
c^y tin dung. O Singapo, My, Uc va mot sd nude phat trien cd cung ckp diem tin dung
ddi vdi timg khach hang dugc cap do hiep hdi tin dung. Diem tin dung dl danh gia do tin cay trong quan he tin dung cua mdi khach hang.
- Tren ca sd diem tin dung se cd cac chinh sach uu dai ve gia, chan cat, khuyen mai... - Nhiing thdng tin ve quan ly lich su thanh toan ciia khach hang, diem tin dung va do tin cay tin dung cua khach hang se la ngudn thdng tin vd gia ddi vdi doanh nghiep. Nhung khach hang dd la nhiing khach hang cd tiem nang de cac ddi tac thii ba trong quan he tin dung cung cap dich vu ngan hang, dich vu tin dung (phan tich chi tiet tai chuang II, trang 6).
Cach tinh bang diem tin dung
Khach hang deu biet rang hg se dugc danh gia theo thang diem tin dung va dua vao dd ben cho vay se quyet dinh cd cho vay hay khdng, nhung thuc chat hg khdng hieu thang diem tin dung la gi, nhung nhan td nao cd anh hudng den bang diem tin dung, hay lam the nao de cai thien thang diem ciia hg. Dudi day la mot vai net ca ban ve thang diem tin dung la gi, boat ddng the nao va mot vai ggi y de cai thien.
Thang diem tin dung:
Ndi mot each ngan ggn, thang diem tin dung la mot he thdng ben cho vay dua vao de tinh toan kha nang thanh toan khoan vay cua khach bang nhu the nao. Bang diem tin dung la torn tat miic nii ro tin dung ciia khach hang tai mot thdi diem cu the. Thang diem cang cao, kha nang thanh toan ng diing han cang Idn, kha nang dugc vay vdi dieu kien uu dai cang cao.
Cach tinh thang diem tin dung
hang nghin bao cao khac va tinh ra sd diem du dinh miic do nii ro tin dung trong tuang lai cho mot khach hang cu the.
Co rdt nhieu each tinh diem tin dung - mot sd cdng ty dich vu kilm tra phe duyet cd thi xay dung nhiing md hinh nii ro dua theo nhirng td trinh mau, qua dd du doan kha nang td trinh bj tra ve. Khach hang cd the cd khdng chi mot thang diem vi moi dai ly bao cao tin dung Idn thu nhap va danh gia thdng tin theo nhiing each noi khac nhau; vi diem sd tin dung cua khach hang cd dugc tir cdng ty nay chi sii dung thdng tin trong bao cao cua chinh cdng ty dd nen khach hang ciing cd the cd tdi 3 miic thang diem.
Nhirng nhan to anh huong den bang diem tin dung:
Thang diem ciia khach hang dugc dua ra sau khi da xem xet danh gia tat ca cac yeu td cd the; chi mot thdng tin hay yeu td khdng the quyet dinh thang diem cua khach hang, mac dii yeu td nay cd the cd anh hudng Idn ban nhiing yeu td khac.
Qua trinh thanh toan ng - quyet dinh den 35% trong thang diem. Nhan td nay se xem xem khach hang thanh toan cac khoan ng diing ban hay qua ban. Neu thanh toan qua han thi bao lau sao? Miic do thudng xuyen ciia viec cham thanh toan? Lan thanh toan cham gan day nhat la khi nao? Cd bao nhieu khoan qua ban thanh toan? Cd khoan nao bi tien hanh siet ng hoac dua ra toa chua? Cd bi pha san khdng?
Du ng - Sd du ng hien tai quyet dinh 30% thang diem tin dung. Yeu td nay xem xet tdng sd du ng ciia khach hang la bao nhieu, theo loai hinh nao. Cdn ng bao nhieu khoan? Han miic tin dung dugc sii dung/ vay ng bao nhieu? Sd du ng hien nay la bao nhieu so vdi sd du vay liic dau (vi du vay mua d to)?
Be day qua trinh vay ng - Yeu td nay quyet dinh khoang \5% tdng sd diem. Thudng
thudng qua trinh vay ng cang lau, sd diem tinh cang cao. Nhan td nay ciing danh gia viec khach hang bat dAu vay dugc bao lau va khach hang da thuc sir vay tu liic nao.
Khoan vay mdi - 10%o trong thang diem cua khach hang dugc tinh dua tren sd lugng khoan ng mdi dugc de xuat. Yeu td nay se xem xet khach hang cd bao nhieu khoan vay
mdi, bit dku vay tu khi nao, da xin vay may lan, va cac ben cho vay tiem nang danh gia
thdng tin, bao cao ciia cdng ty khach hang dugc bao lau rdi. Nhung con sd phuc vu muc dich tham khao khdng dugc tinh den vi nhiing yeu cau nay la cho loai hinh cho vay cu thi trong mot khoang thdi gian nhat dinh.
Tdng hgp tat ca cac khoan tin dung - khoang 10% thang diem dua tren tdng hgp cac khoan tin dung nhu the tin dung, vay tra gdp, vay the chap... Cac sd lieu tdng hgp cang can bang, kha nang tang thang diem tin dung cang cao.
Kiem tra thang diem tin dung
Ban cd the yeu cau cung cap thang diem tin dung cua cdng ty minh qua bat cii mot trong ba dai ly bao cao tin dung Idn nao va phai tra phi, hoac qua cac cdng ty dich vu tren mang khac, ke ca MyFico.com. Cdng ty nay se cung cap bao cao va bang diem cho cdng ty ban tu mot trong sd ba dai ly bao cao tin dung va lay phi gdp. Nen kiem tra thang diem khoang sau thang mot Ian dac biet la trudc khi quyet dinh mua sam Idn de cd dii thdi gian cai thien tinh hinh doanh nghiep neu can thiet.
Cai thien tinh hinh doanh nghiep, tdng thang diem tin dung:
Cd mot sd viec cd the lam de cai thien tinh hinh, trong thdi gian ngan ciign nhu ve lau dai nhu:
- Thanh toan boa don diing ban.
- Tra dan cac khoan ng.
- Kiem tra bao cao tin dung va chinh sua bat ky muc nao chua diing.
- Khdng nen cham diit nhirng khoan tin dung cii - viec nay cd the lam ngan be day qua trinh vay ng lai.
Bilt thang dilm ciia khach hang cd the giiip cdng ty dua ra nhimg quyet dinh sang sudt va cai thien dugc tinh hinh tai chinh ciia khach hang.
Ket luan: Tren day la nhirng kinh nghiem tinh diem tin dung dang dugc sir dung tai Cong ty vien thdng My va Uc va la ca sd hd trg de VMS xay dung he thdng tinh diem tin dung ciia khach hang trong thdi gian tdi.
2.3. Xay dung ca cdu hg tdng, chinh sach ca cdu td chuc cua cdng ty cd phan thu cu&c VMS
Mo hinh cong ty thu cudc
• Bd phan in va phat hanh TBC:
- Nhan ban giao file cudc hang thang tu Trung tam tinh cudc va ddi soat cudc. Td
• Bd phan ke hoach, chinh sach:
- Xay dung phuang an td chiic thu cudc.
- Quan ly ke hoach thu cudc: xay dung va giao chi tieu, kiem tra giam sat thuc hien, de xuat bd trg, danh gia tinh hinh thuc bien ke hoach...
• Bd phan dao tao va phat trien nhan lire:
- Dao tao ve quan ly va nghiep vu TTCP trong toan cdng ty.
- Ke hoach ngudn nhan luc, dao tao, phat trien kha nang nhan vien, nang cao hieu qua sii dung lao ddng.
• Bd phan nghiepvu, bao cao, thdng ke:
- Xay dung cac quy trinh, quy dinh trong TTCP.
- Xay dung va giam sat thuc hien cac bieu mau bao cao thdng ke.
- Bao cao thdng ke, tdng hgp va phan tich sd lieu dinh ky va theo tiing thdi diem.
• Trung tam thu cudc KV...:
Td chiic mang ludi va boat ddng thu cudc theo dia ban khu vuc.
Ket luan: Md hinh Cdng ty cd phan thu cudc dang dugc nghien ciiu cd Id trinh cu
the va chi cd the thuc thi sau khi VMS da dugc cd phan boa. Day la md hinh cac cdng ty ve tinh cd phan hoat ddng ve dich vu ban hang va sau ban hang dugc sii dung tai nhieu doanh nghiep vien thdng tren the gidi nhu Uc, Trung Qudc.
Tren day la nhiing giai phap, kien nghj ddi mdi ve chinh sach boat ddng thu cudc da va dang dugc Cdng ty VMS thuc hien va tiep tuc nghien ciiu trien khai trong giai doan 2007-2011.
Trung tam thu cudc khu vuc Quan ly thu cudc cac tinh Phong nghiep vu tong hop Xii ly cudc ng dgng Thu cudc luu ddng Quan ly thu cudc tai D iem thu Phong quan ly lao dong He thdng nhd thu Quan ly phap nhan thue thu • Phdng thu cudc:
- Td chiic mang ludi thu cudc theo cac hinh thiic thu, thuc hien cac chi tieu ke hoach.
• Phdng nghiep vu tdng hgp:
- Xay dung va giao ke hoach thu cudc cho cac td thu; quan ly ke hoach thu cudc chung toan Trung tam.
- Hudng dan thuc hien cac quy trinh, quy djnh ve TTCP va dao tao nghiep vu cho cac donvi.
- Kilm tra, danh gia viec thuc hien quy trinh, quy dinh va hoat ddng ciia cac don vi trong hoat dgng TTCP.
- Bao cao thu nop cudc, phan tich thdng ke, tdng hgp theo cac bilu mau quy dinh...
• Phdng quan ly lao ddng:
- Td chiic va quan ly lao ddng thu cudc: xay dung dinh miic khdi lugng cdng viec, xac dinh nhu cau lao dgng, ke hoach tuyen dung, dao tao, giao viec, quan ly hgp ddng lao dgng, xay dung va thuc hien che do luong, thudng...
- Phdi hgp vdi phdng nghiep vu tdng hgp va phdng thu cudc trong cdng tac dao tao va phat trien ngudn nhan lire.
- Ho trg cac van de ve phap ly va cdng tac ddi ngoai...
• Thu cudc luu ddng (thu cudc ng 30, 60, 90 ngay).- Td chiic thu cudc true tilp ciia cac thue bao dang ky thu tai nha va phat hanh TBC true tiep tai dia chi khach hang (theo diing ddi tugng); xii ly cac TBC bi tra ve.
- Quan ly thue bao phat sinh ng cudc: theo ddi va xii ly thue bao bao dd, ddn ddc khach hang thanh toan diing han.
- Td chiic xac minh tinh trang khach hang: mdi nhap mang, bao dd, sau chan 2 chieu va trudc khi chuyen giao danh sach khach hang ng tu bd phan thu cudc luu ddng sang bg phan xii ly ng dgng.
• Xii ly ng dgng (thu va xii ly cudc ng tren 90 ngay).
- Tim gap true tiep khach hang, thuyet phuc khach hang thanh toan, lap bien ban xac nhan ng va cam ket tra ng, xac minh tinh trang khach hang.
- Theo doi va ddn ddc thu ng theo cam ket tra ng.
- Phdi hgp vdi chinh quyIn dia phuang va cac co quan cd tham quyen de nhd ho trg thu hdi ng cudc va xac minh tinh trang khach hang.
- Hoan thien hd sa cac khoan ng cudc khdng cd kha nang thu hdi theo quy dinh.
• Quan ly thu cudc cac tinh:
- Lap kl hoach cac chi tieu va phuang an td chiic thu cudc cho timg tinh; theo doi ddn ddc thu ng.
- Khao sat tinh hinh thuc tl tung tinh (so thue bao, doanh thu, mat do thue bao...); tu vdn cho ciia hang trudng ve phuang an td chiic thu cudc cd hieu qua, dam bao hoan thanh kl hoach thu.
- Kiem tra cdng tac TTCP tai cac tinh, dua ra yeu cau hoac de xuat hgp ly de thiic day hoat ddng thu cudc.
- Ho trg cac ciia hang trudng, chuyen vien phu trach thu cudc cac tinh ve quan ly TTCP va dao tao nghiep vu cho cac nhan vien thu cudc...
• Quan ly thu cudc tai cac diem thu ciia VMS:
- Theo ddi bao cao tien thu hang ngay, ddi soat tien thu vdi ciia hang trudng va thu quy; tdng hgp bao cao thu cudc bang thang ciia tung diem thu.
- Ho trg md thdng tin, gach trir ng.
- Kiem tra thu cudc tai cac diem thu: phuc vu khach hang, quan ly su dung hoa dan thu cudc...
• Quan ly phap nhan thue thu:
- Khao sat, tim kilm phap nhan cd dii dieu kien va nang luc td chiic thu cudc.
- Quan ly phap nhan theo cac dilu khoan thoa thuan trong Hgp ddng thue thu (dat cgc, bao lanh, bao cao thu nop cudc, quan ly va sii dung boa don...).
- Ho trg phap nhan vl quan ly thu cudc va dao tao nghiep vu TTCP...
- Quan ly thu qua ngan hang.
- Quan ly thu tai cac diem nhd dai ly.
- Quan ly thu qua cac dan vi hd trg.
- Quan ly thu qua he thdng cac buu dien tinh thanh...
ifu diem:
- Cdng ty thu cudc true thugc VMS true tilp thu va quan ly, chu ddng trong viec thuc hien ke hoach thu cudc.
- Chii ddng trong viec td chiic thu cudc tai cac dia ban VMS khdng dii nhan lire thdng qua cac phap nhan thue thu va he thdng nhd thu.
Tom igi: Nhimg uu diem, diem manh de khac phuc nhirng tdn tai ciia co che td chiic cii.